US3817685A - Combustion heads for burners - Google Patents

Combustion heads for burners Download PDF

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Publication number
US3817685A
US3817685A US00226755A US22675572A US3817685A US 3817685 A US3817685 A US 3817685A US 00226755 A US00226755 A US 00226755A US 22675572 A US22675572 A US 22675572A US 3817685 A US3817685 A US 3817685A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
supply pipe
cup
air supply
combustion
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00226755A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Joannes
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FINTERM SpA
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FINTERM SpA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/402—Mixing chambers downstream of the nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
    • F23C2202/40—Inducing local whirls around flame

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT 30 Foreign Application p i i Data
  • This invention provides a combustion head for burners Feb 25 197] ha] 67 6 63 [71 of the kmd In whlch prlmary a1r 1s supplied to a comy bustion zone through a pp y p p which coaxiany [52]
  • U 8 Cl 431/116 surrounds a fuel supply pipe, the latter terminating in [51] In ⁇ .Cl F23 a p y no 2216 Surrounded y a p
  • Fieid 354 of the annular or deflected jet type is associated with the primary air supply pipe and is energised by the primary air to cause a low pressure externally of the cup [56] References Cited so as to draw into the head a portion of the burnt UNITED STATES PATENTS gases from the burner so that these burnt gases are rel,693,623 12/1928 St.
  • Clair 431/116 circulated in a zone adjacent the reaction zone to dilute the reagents and promote complete combustion. rown e a 2,918,117 12/1959 Griffin 431/116 1 Claim, 2 Drawing Figures COMBUSTION IEADS FOR BRS I BACKGROUND AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention concerns combustion heads for bumers, especially burners for fluid fuels.
  • soot or micro-soot made up of molecular groups of carbon or agglomerates of such groups.
  • Micro-soot is formed mostly by cracking of the particles of fuel when these are subjected to very rapid heating in the flame, In order to avoid the formation of soot or micro-soot and to provide a smokeless flame rapid heating of the fuel particles must therefore be avoided.
  • One possible means of achieving smokeless combustion consists of diluting the reagents so as to slow down the combustion process.
  • the degree of smoke of a flame can be reduced or eliminated by suitably increasing the ratio of air to fuel; however, if this is overdone, the combustion yield is reduced.
  • Another technique to which this invention especially refers, consists of recirculating some of the products of combustion, achieved by returning a portion of the combustion products to the reaction zone.
  • Burners which have in the past used this technique have relied upon gasification of the fuel: this has necessitated the use of special fuel chambers with spill pipes or channels, gasification pre-combustion chambers, shaped baffles placed in front of the flame, specially made turbulence-producing burner nozzles, and other devices of complex and expensive construction, which in practice all have their respective limitations, either in length of effective life, or in the flexibility of use of the burner.
  • An object of this invention is to avoid the aforesaid disadvantages by providing a combustion head for burners which will allow re-circulation of a portion of the products of combustion to the vicinity of the flame so as to obtain a smokeless flame of high efliciency by means which are simple, and easy to adjust.
  • Another object of preferred embodiments of the invention is to provide a combustion head of the aforesaid type, by which it is possible to have a stable flame of low luminosity and low noise level.
  • a combustion head for burners comprising in combination 'a supply pipe for primary air coaxially surrounding a fuel supply pipe which terminates in a spray nozzle, a cup surrounding the spray nozzle, an ejector device coaxial with the spray nozzle and adapted to be energised by primary air from said primary air supply pipe to induce a low pressure externally of the cup to induce recirculation of a portion of the burnt gases from the burner to a zone adjacent the combustion reaction zone, causing dilution of the reagents and promoting complete combustion.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic axial section of a combustion head for burners according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic axial section of a combustion head according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • reference numeral 1 indicates a supply pipe for primary air, coaxially surrounding a fuel supply pipe 2 which terminates in a spray nozzle 3 surrounded by a cup 4.
  • the bottom wall of the cup 4 within the pipe 1 has a number of holes 7 adapted to allow the passage of a portion of the primary combustion air from the pipe 1 into the cup 4 and through a number of perforations 6 in a disc 5 placed transversely in the cup 4.
  • the air supply pipe 1 has a tapered end portion 8, the end of which coaxially surrounds the cup 4 to define therewith an annular opening A through which part of the primary combustion air passes. Downstream of the opening A there is placed an annular shroud element 9 with an inner rounded annular edge spaced from the end of the tapered portion 8 of the pipe 1.
  • the shroud element 9 forms with the other parts of the combustion head an ejector device of the annular type adapted to be energised by the primary air escaping through the aperture A, so as to induce aspiration of air through an annular aperture B defined between the shroud element 9 and the tapered end portion 8 of the pipe 1.
  • the low pressure which results in the region of the aperture B externally of the shroud element 9 causes some of the burnt gases to be drawn through the aperture 9 and into the vicinity of the reaction zone, so that a re-circulatory flow of a portion of the burnt gases is induced, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 1.
  • the resulting flame is for practical purposes smokeless even when the amount of air supplied is practically stoichometric, the flame being cup-shaped, and blue in colour, with possibly a few yellow flashes at its base. The flame is reasonably silent.
  • FIG. 2 A further improvement in the recirculation of the burnt gases can be achieved by exploiting the Coanda effect to achieve deflection of the gas streams.
  • a suitable combustion head for this purpose is shown in FIG. 2, in which the ejector device is formed by the addition of a tubular extension 10 to the air supply pipe 1.
  • the tubular extension 10 forms, with the tapered end portion 8 of the said pipe 1, an annular duct which communicates with the surrounding air by way of a set of circurnferentially spaced apart apertures 11 through which a portion of the burnt gases flow, with air, as indicated by the arrows.
  • a single annular aperture may be provided.
  • the tapered portion 8 of the air supply pipe 1 terminates near to the cup 4', forming with the latter an annular aperture A through which there passes a regulated portion of the primary air to form a deflected jet ejector device.
  • the gaseous stream which flows over the outer surface of the cup 4' has a tendency to adhere to this surface by virtue of the Coanda efiect, causing some of this gaseous stream to be deflected in an upstream direction at the edge of the cup 4, as shown, to increase the stability of the flame.
  • a burner comprising a primary air supply pipe, a fuel supply pipe extending coaxially within said air supply pipe, a spray nozzle secured to the end of said fuel supply pipe, a cup secured to and surrounding said spray nozzle, said cup having a plurality of apertures in the bottom thereof for the regulated flow of air from said air supply pipe to said spray nozzle, said air supply pipe terminating in spaced-apart adjacent relation to said cup to provide an annular passage for the regulated flow of air over the outer surface of said cup, and an ejector ring device spaced from the external surface of said air supply pipe and said cup, said ejector ring means defining with said air supply pipe an annular aperture through which recirculating burnt gases are drawn by the passage of primary air through said annular passage between said air supply pipe and said cup.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
US00226755A 1971-02-25 1972-02-16 Combustion heads for burners Expired - Lifetime US3817685A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT6766371 1971-02-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3817685A true US3817685A (en) 1974-06-18

Family

ID=11304319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00226755A Expired - Lifetime US3817685A (en) 1971-02-25 1972-02-16 Combustion heads for burners

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3817685A (de)
CH (1) CH532752A (de)
DE (1) DE2208574C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2127882A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1380308A (de)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4023921A (en) * 1975-11-24 1977-05-17 Electric Power Research Institute Oil burner for NOx emission control
US4741279A (en) * 1986-01-08 1988-05-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of and apparatus for combusting coal-water mixture
US4954076A (en) * 1989-07-28 1990-09-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Flame stabilized oxy-fuel recirculating burner
US5092760A (en) * 1990-08-01 1992-03-03 Maxon Corporation Oxygen-fuel burner assembly and operation
US5104310A (en) * 1986-11-24 1992-04-14 Aga Aktiebolag Method for reducing the flame temperature of a burner and burner intended therefor
US5129333A (en) * 1991-06-24 1992-07-14 Aga Ab Apparatus and method for recycling waste
US5338186A (en) * 1992-12-04 1994-08-16 Nikolai Sulzhik Radiation burner
US6155818A (en) * 1999-12-16 2000-12-05 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et, L'exploitation Des Procedes, Georges Claude Oxy-burner having a back-up firing system and method of operation
US20010034001A1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2001-10-25 Poe Roger L. Low NOx emissions, low noise burner assembly and method for reducing the NOx content of furnace flue gas
US20070292811A1 (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-20 Poe Roger L Coanda gas burner apparatus and methods
US7354029B1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2008-04-08 Alex Rutstein Apparatus and method for treating process fluids
US8006961B1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2011-08-30 Alex Rutstein Apparatus and method for treating process fluid
US20120037146A1 (en) * 2009-02-16 2012-02-16 Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy Low nox burner
US20150211735A1 (en) * 2012-08-16 2015-07-30 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Shrouded-coanda multiphase burner
CN105276580A (zh) * 2014-06-04 2016-01-27 贵州黎阳天翔科技有限公司 一种大面积烟雾消毒防疫设备的燃烧头装置
US20190093948A1 (en) * 2016-02-17 2019-03-28 Eisenman Se Burner unit and device for the temperature control of objects
US20190309942A1 (en) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Zeeco, Inc. LOW NOx BURNER AND FLOW MOMENTUM ENHANCING DEVICE

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0312562A1 (de) * 1987-04-30 1989-04-26 MAY, Michael, G. Verfahren und einrichtung zum verbrennen von brennstoff
DE3919797A1 (de) * 1989-06-16 1991-01-03 Bernhard W Braukmann Oelbrenner
DE8909202U1 (de) * 1989-07-29 1989-09-14 Körting Hannover AG, 3000 Hannover Mischeinrichtung für Gebläsebrenner
DE3928214A1 (de) * 1989-08-25 1990-03-08 Zimmermann Hans Georg Dipl Ing Brenner mit brenngas-rueckfuehrung fuer fliessfaehige brennstoffe
DE3930569C2 (de) * 1989-09-13 1995-06-01 Siegfried W Schilling Brennerkopf

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1693623A (en) * 1925-05-11 1928-12-04 William S Edwards Oil burner
US2143259A (en) * 1937-06-21 1939-01-10 Clarkson Alick Fluid burner
US2857961A (en) * 1954-07-13 1958-10-28 Brown Fintube Co Oil burners
US2918117A (en) * 1956-10-04 1959-12-22 Petro Chem Process Company Inc Heavy fuel burner with combustion gas recirculating means

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1693623A (en) * 1925-05-11 1928-12-04 William S Edwards Oil burner
US2143259A (en) * 1937-06-21 1939-01-10 Clarkson Alick Fluid burner
US2857961A (en) * 1954-07-13 1958-10-28 Brown Fintube Co Oil burners
US2918117A (en) * 1956-10-04 1959-12-22 Petro Chem Process Company Inc Heavy fuel burner with combustion gas recirculating means

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4023921A (en) * 1975-11-24 1977-05-17 Electric Power Research Institute Oil burner for NOx emission control
US4741279A (en) * 1986-01-08 1988-05-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of and apparatus for combusting coal-water mixture
US5104310A (en) * 1986-11-24 1992-04-14 Aga Aktiebolag Method for reducing the flame temperature of a burner and burner intended therefor
US4954076A (en) * 1989-07-28 1990-09-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Flame stabilized oxy-fuel recirculating burner
US5092760A (en) * 1990-08-01 1992-03-03 Maxon Corporation Oxygen-fuel burner assembly and operation
US5129333A (en) * 1991-06-24 1992-07-14 Aga Ab Apparatus and method for recycling waste
US5338186A (en) * 1992-12-04 1994-08-16 Nikolai Sulzhik Radiation burner
US6155818A (en) * 1999-12-16 2000-12-05 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et, L'exploitation Des Procedes, Georges Claude Oxy-burner having a back-up firing system and method of operation
US20010034001A1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2001-10-25 Poe Roger L. Low NOx emissions, low noise burner assembly and method for reducing the NOx content of furnace flue gas
US20040248054A1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2004-12-09 John Zink Company, Llc Low NOx emissions, low noise burner assembly and method for reducing the NOx content of furnace flue gas
US7354029B1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2008-04-08 Alex Rutstein Apparatus and method for treating process fluids
US20070292811A1 (en) * 2006-06-14 2007-12-20 Poe Roger L Coanda gas burner apparatus and methods
EP1867923A3 (de) * 2006-06-14 2008-04-09 John Zink Company,L.L.C. Coanda-Gasbrenner und Verfahren dafür
US7878798B2 (en) 2006-06-14 2011-02-01 John Zink Company, Llc Coanda gas burner apparatus and methods
US20110117506A1 (en) * 2006-06-14 2011-05-19 John Zink Company, Llc Coanda Gas Burner Apparatus and Methods
EP2309184A3 (de) * 2006-06-14 2014-08-27 John Zink Company, L.L.C. Coanda-Gasbrenner und Verfahren dafür
US8337197B2 (en) 2006-06-14 2012-12-25 John Zink Company, Llc Coanda gas burner apparatus and methods
US8529247B2 (en) 2006-06-14 2013-09-10 John Zink Company, Llc Coanda gas burner apparatus and methods
US8568134B2 (en) 2006-06-14 2013-10-29 John Zink Company, Llc Coanda gas burner apparatus and methods
EP2309182A3 (de) * 2006-06-14 2014-08-20 John Zink Company, L.L.C. Coanda-Gasbrenner und Verfahren dafür
EP2309183A3 (de) * 2006-06-14 2014-08-27 John Zink Company, L.L.C. Coanda-Gasbrenner und Verfahren dafür
US8006961B1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2011-08-30 Alex Rutstein Apparatus and method for treating process fluid
US20120037146A1 (en) * 2009-02-16 2012-02-16 Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy Low nox burner
US20150211735A1 (en) * 2012-08-16 2015-07-30 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Shrouded-coanda multiphase burner
CN105276580A (zh) * 2014-06-04 2016-01-27 贵州黎阳天翔科技有限公司 一种大面积烟雾消毒防疫设备的燃烧头装置
US20190093948A1 (en) * 2016-02-17 2019-03-28 Eisenman Se Burner unit and device for the temperature control of objects
US10928134B2 (en) * 2016-02-17 2021-02-23 Eisenmann Se Burner unit and device for the temperature control of objects
EP3417207B1 (de) * 2016-02-17 2022-08-24 Eisenmann Environmental Technology GmbH Brennereinheit und vorrichtung zum temperieren von gegenständen
US20190309942A1 (en) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Zeeco, Inc. LOW NOx BURNER AND FLOW MOMENTUM ENHANCING DEVICE
CN112368513A (zh) * 2018-04-06 2021-02-12 资科公司 低NOx燃烧器和流动动量增强装置
US10920979B2 (en) * 2018-04-06 2021-02-16 Zeeco, Inc. Low NOx burner and flow momentum enhancing device
EP3775687A4 (de) * 2018-04-06 2022-01-19 Zeeco Inc. Brenner mit niedrigem nox-gehalt und vorrichtung zur erhöhung der strömungsdynamik
CN112368513B (zh) * 2018-04-06 2023-12-05 资科公司 低NOx燃烧器和流动动量增强装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH532752A (it) 1973-01-15
FR2127882A5 (de) 1972-10-13
GB1380308A (en) 1975-01-15
DE2208574B2 (de) 1977-08-11
DE2208574A1 (de) 1972-09-07
DE2208574C3 (de) 1978-04-27

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