US3817313A - A method of continuously casting metal - Google Patents

A method of continuously casting metal Download PDF

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Publication number
US3817313A
US3817313A US00218804A US21880472A US3817313A US 3817313 A US3817313 A US 3817313A US 00218804 A US00218804 A US 00218804A US 21880472 A US21880472 A US 21880472A US 3817313 A US3817313 A US 3817313A
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United States
Prior art keywords
casting
mould
roll
hydraulic motor
mould passage
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00218804A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Gamble
J Marsh
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Davy Ashmore Ltd
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Davy Ashmore Ltd
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
    • B22D11/1284—Horizontal removing

Definitions

  • a push-back force is applied to the casting by the pinch rolls to urge the casting back towards the mould.
  • the push-back force is sufficiently large to allow the casting to contract back towards the mould but it is insufficiently large to cause displacement of the casting at the inlet end of the mould.
  • Apparatus of the invention includes means for driving the pinch rolls in the direction to withdraw the casting from the mould and means by which the drive means is energised after each withdrawal phase to rotate the pinch roll in the opposite direction of rotation to apply a limited push-back force to a casting engageable by the pinch roll.
  • Both pinch rolls are preferably driven in which case they are driven by separate drive means which may be hydraulic motors.
  • Continuous casting consists essentially of allowing molten metal stored in a container, usually in the form of a tundish, to flow through a mould and for the metal to be cooled sufficiently in the mould for the casting leaving the mould to retain the cross sectional shape of the mould.
  • the casting is usually withdrawn from the mould by means of one or more pairs of pinch rolls which engage opposite sides of the casting and at least one roll of each pair is driven.
  • the molten metal also solidifies against the part of the solid skin which was in contact with the refractory component on the previous cycle. Between these two solidified portions the thickness of the skin is a minimum and is therefore a point of weakness between the two parts of the skin. During the pause part of the withdrawal cycle, contraction of the casting causes this point of weakness to open up and form a hot tear.
  • the casting in a method of continuously casting metal, is intermittently withdrawn from a stationary horizontal mould by the action of at least one pair of pinch rolls engaging the casting and with at least one of each pair being driven, and after each withdrawal phase a push back force is applied to the casting by the pinch rolls to urge the casting back towards the mould.
  • the push back force being sufficiently large to allow the casting to contract back towards the mould but insufficiently large to cause displacement of the casting at the inlet end of the mould.
  • continuous casting apparatus includes a stationary horizontal mould, at least one pair of pinch rolls engageable with a casting produced in the mould, drive means for one of the rolls of each pair and means by which the drive means is intermittently energised to rotate the pinch roll in the direction to withdraw the casting from the mould and means by which the drive means is energised after each withdrawal phase to rotate the pinch roll in the opposite direction of rotation to apply a limited push-back force to a casting engageable by the pinch roll.
  • Both pinch rolls of each pair may be driven in which case they are driven by separate drive means.
  • the drive means for each roll may be a hydraulic motor.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section of continuous casting apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic hydraulic circuit for withdrawal apparatus of the continuous casting apparatus
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are time/displacement graphs at the portion of a casting engaged by a pair of pinch rolls and e at the inlet end of the continuous casting mould respectively.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the mould tundish arrangement of a horizontal continuous casting apparatus.
  • a continuous casting mould particularly suitable for casting steel, comprises a tubular upper sleeve I surrounded by but spaced from a steel jacket 2, but alternatively the mould may be made entirely of copper.
  • Liquid coolant is arranged to flow between the sleeve and the jacket in order to cool the mould.
  • the sleeve 1 defines the mould passage 3 which is arranged with its longitudinal axis horizontal.
  • a refractory body 4 conveniently of silicon nitride when casting steel.
  • the body is in the form of an apertured plate and its surrounds and abuts against the inlet end of the passage with a portion 5 of the body projecting inwardly of the mould passage.
  • a refractory feed tube which constitutes the outlet nozzle from the tundish 11 is sealed by means of conventional refractory cement to the body 4 to prevent leakage between the nozzle and the plate.
  • the mould-tundish is thus not of the straight-through type because the plate 4 projects into the mould passage.
  • a casting produced in the mould passes from the open end of the mould through a secondary cooling zone and is gripped by at least one pair of pinch rolls (not shown in FIG. 1) located on the side of the secondary cooling zone which is away from the mould.
  • the pinch rolls are thus spaced at some distance from the mould.
  • At least one of the pinch rolls is driven but preferably both rolls of each pair are driven.
  • the withdrawal of the casting from the mould comprises repeating withdrawal cycles each consisting of a pull phase followed by a push phase during which a limited force is applied to the casting to urge it towards the mould.
  • a pull phase only movement of the casting equivalent to the contraction of the casting is permitted and the casting is not forced back into the mould.
  • the thin skin of the castng at the inlet end of the mould is not wrinkled due to movement of the casting at the inlet end of the mould.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates a time/- displacement graph for a portion of the casting situated between the pinch rolls. It can be seen that during the pull phase A the casting is displaced longitudinally in the direction away from the mould and during the push back phase B the casting moves back for a short distance towards the mould. This push back of the casting is brought about by applying a limited reverse torque to the pinch rolls to allow the casting to move back to compensate for contraction of the length of casting between the mould and the pinch rolls. It can be seen however from FIG. 38 that the casting is not forced back into the mould because the displacement/time graph at the inlet end of the mould shows that this part of the casting does not move back relative to the mould. During pull phase A the casting is withdrawn in the direction out of the mould but during the time interval B it is not displaced back relative to the mould.
  • FIG. 2 A hydraulic circuit for controlling a pair of hydraulic motors driving a pair of pinch rolls is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • a pair of pinch rolls 20, 21 are connected to a pair of hydraulic drive motors 22, 23 respectively.
  • the motors are connected in series between a pair of fluid lines 24, 25. Alternatively the motors could be connected in parallel.
  • the fluid lines 24, 25 are connected to respective parts on a fluid control valve 26.
  • Three further fluid lines 27, 28 and 29 are connected to the control valve and the valve is provided with a spool which can be displaced by solenoids.
  • the spool of the valve 26 is connected mechanically to the spool of a by-pass valve 30 which is connected across the lines 27, 28.
  • a pump 31 having a relief valve 32 in shunt with it is connected across the fluid lines 27, 28 and a backing pump 33 is connected to supply hydraulic fluid from a reservoir 34 to the inlet of the pump 31.
  • a further pump 35 is connected to draw hydraulic liquid from the reservoir 34 and supply it through a check valve 36, and a flow control valve 37 to the line 29.
  • a by-pass valve 38 is connected in parallel with the valve 37 and an adjustable pressure relief valve 39 is connected between the outlet of the pump 35 and the reservoir 34.
  • the spool of the valve 26 is adjusted to the position in which fluid supplied on the line 27 by the pump 31 is passed to the motors 22 and 23.
  • the by-pass valve 30 is closed and fluid supplied to the valve 26 by the pump 35 is passed through the valve and returned to the line 28.
  • the motors are thus rotated in the direction to withdraw the casting from the mould.
  • the valve 26 is switched so that fluid supplied on the line 29 is supplied to the motors but in the direction to rotate them in the opposite direction.
  • the pressure and quantity of fluid supplied to the motors is limited by the valves 39 and 37.
  • the by-pass valve 30 is opened so that fluid pumped by the pump 3! passes through the by-pass 30 and is not supplied to the motors.
  • the by-pass valve 38 may be opened to increase the speed of rotation of the motors in the reverse direction when it is necessary to drive a dummy bar up to the mould before casting commences.
  • the pinch rolls could be driven electrically.
  • the two drive motors would then be electric motors and the torque limited push back may be brought about by using eddy current couplings and adjusting the current in the coupling circuit.
  • a variable resistor in the power supply to the eddy current coupling circuit enables control of the current to be effected.
  • a method of continuously casting metal utilizing a mould having a tundish for holding molten metal, a horizontally disposed mould passage, and a feed nozzle through which the molten metal flows to the mould passage inlet to pass through and solidify within the mould passage, the feed nozzle having a cross-section adjacent the mould passage inlet smaller than the crosssection of the mould passage; said method comprising the steps of passing molten metal from the tundish through the feed nozzle to the mould passage inlet; passing the metal through the mould passage while cooling the metal to cause the metal to form a casting; gripping a portion of the casting outside the mould passage between at least one pair of pinch rolls with at least one roll being driven by a hydraulic motor; intermittently applying hydraulic fluid under pressure from a source through a first pressure relief valve to the hydraulic motor to drive at least one roll to withdraw the casting from the mould passage in a withdrawal phase of a distance less than the length of the mould passage; after each withdrawal phase applying hydraulic fluid under pressure from a source through a second pressure relief valve to the hydraulic motor to drive at
  • roll driving steps include supplying fluid under pressure from a first pump to the hydraulic motor to drive at least one roll to withdraw the casting and supplying fluid under pressure from a second pump to the hydraulic motor to drive at least one roll to apply the push-back force to the casting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US00218804A 1971-01-19 1972-01-18 A method of continuously casting metal Expired - Lifetime US3817313A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB253671A GB1380582A (en) 1971-01-19 1971-01-19 Method of continuously casting metal and apparatus therefor

Publications (1)

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US3817313A true US3817313A (en) 1974-06-18

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US00218804A Expired - Lifetime US3817313A (en) 1971-01-19 1972-01-18 A method of continuously casting metal

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US (1) US3817313A (cs)
DE (1) DE2202134A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2122516B1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1380582A (cs)
IT (1) IT946673B (cs)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4211270A (en) * 1978-07-28 1980-07-08 Kennecott Copper Corporation Method for continuous casting of metallic strands at exceptionally high speeds
US4307770A (en) * 1978-07-28 1981-12-29 Kennecott Corporation Mold assembly and method for continuous casting of metallic strands at exceptionally high speeds
US4437509A (en) 1980-10-01 1984-03-20 Boehler Aktiengesellschaft Method for control of billet stripping
US4570697A (en) * 1983-01-18 1986-02-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Method of treating final continuous cast strand in a horizontal continuous casting process
US4590985A (en) * 1983-10-31 1986-05-27 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for horizontally and intermittently withdrawing cast steel strand from horizontal mold of horizontal type continuous casting machine
US4602669A (en) * 1980-11-18 1986-07-29 Steel Casting Engineering Method and apparatus for horizontal continuous casting
US4612971A (en) * 1978-07-28 1986-09-23 Kennecott Corporation Method and apparatus for the continuous production of strip using oscillating mold assembly
US4633934A (en) * 1984-07-16 1987-01-06 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Horizontal continuous casting method
US4735253A (en) * 1985-07-16 1988-04-05 Concast Service Union Ag Method of and apparatus for conveying a continuously cast strand
US4736789A (en) * 1978-07-28 1988-04-12 Kennecott Corporation Apparatus and method for continuous casting of metallic strands at exceptionally high speeds using an oscillating mold assembly

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59110151U (ja) * 1983-01-18 1984-07-25 株式会社神戸製鋼所 水平連続鋳造用フイ−ドノズル部構造
AT394816B (de) * 1985-05-07 1992-06-25 Boehler Gmbh Verfahren zum horizontalen stranggiessen von, insbesondere hoeher schmelzenden, metallen, vorzugsweise staehlen

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1087026A (en) * 1965-03-19 1967-10-11 Arena Salvador Improvements in or relating to the continous casting of metals and metal alloys
US3354936A (en) * 1965-05-26 1967-11-28 Anaconda American Brass Co Continuous casting process
US3545528A (en) * 1968-04-05 1970-12-08 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for determining travel time of moving material
US3669176A (en) * 1968-09-21 1972-06-13 Siemens Ag Drive system for continuous casting plants

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1087026A (en) * 1965-03-19 1967-10-11 Arena Salvador Improvements in or relating to the continous casting of metals and metal alloys
US3354936A (en) * 1965-05-26 1967-11-28 Anaconda American Brass Co Continuous casting process
US3545528A (en) * 1968-04-05 1970-12-08 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for determining travel time of moving material
US3669176A (en) * 1968-09-21 1972-06-13 Siemens Ag Drive system for continuous casting plants

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4211270A (en) * 1978-07-28 1980-07-08 Kennecott Copper Corporation Method for continuous casting of metallic strands at exceptionally high speeds
US4307770A (en) * 1978-07-28 1981-12-29 Kennecott Corporation Mold assembly and method for continuous casting of metallic strands at exceptionally high speeds
US4612971A (en) * 1978-07-28 1986-09-23 Kennecott Corporation Method and apparatus for the continuous production of strip using oscillating mold assembly
US4736789A (en) * 1978-07-28 1988-04-12 Kennecott Corporation Apparatus and method for continuous casting of metallic strands at exceptionally high speeds using an oscillating mold assembly
US4437509A (en) 1980-10-01 1984-03-20 Boehler Aktiengesellschaft Method for control of billet stripping
US4602669A (en) * 1980-11-18 1986-07-29 Steel Casting Engineering Method and apparatus for horizontal continuous casting
US4570697A (en) * 1983-01-18 1986-02-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Method of treating final continuous cast strand in a horizontal continuous casting process
US4590985A (en) * 1983-10-31 1986-05-27 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for horizontally and intermittently withdrawing cast steel strand from horizontal mold of horizontal type continuous casting machine
US4633934A (en) * 1984-07-16 1987-01-06 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Horizontal continuous casting method
US4735253A (en) * 1985-07-16 1988-04-05 Concast Service Union Ag Method of and apparatus for conveying a continuously cast strand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2122516A1 (cs) 1972-09-01
GB1380582A (en) 1975-01-15
IT946673B (it) 1973-05-21
FR2122516B1 (cs) 1978-02-10
DE2202134A1 (de) 1972-08-03

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