US3807052A - Apparatus for irradiation of a moving product in an inert atmosphere - Google Patents

Apparatus for irradiation of a moving product in an inert atmosphere Download PDF

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Publication number
US3807052A
US3807052A US00266121A US26612172A US3807052A US 3807052 A US3807052 A US 3807052A US 00266121 A US00266121 A US 00266121A US 26612172 A US26612172 A US 26612172A US 3807052 A US3807052 A US 3807052A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tunnel
product
enclosure
channel
inert gas
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00266121A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Troue
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Union Carbide Corp
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Union Carbide Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Union Carbide Corp filed Critical Union Carbide Corp
Priority to US00266121A priority Critical patent/US3807052A/en
Priority to ZA733244A priority patent/ZA733244B/xx
Priority to CA172,560A priority patent/CA1016898A/en
Priority to DE2332116A priority patent/DE2332116C3/de
Priority to SE7308890A priority patent/SE400908B/xx
Priority to IT51025/73A priority patent/IT985782B/it
Priority to BE132698A priority patent/BE801412A/xx
Priority to AU57264/73A priority patent/AU474766B2/en
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7308812,A priority patent/NL172804C/xx
Priority to DK350573A priority patent/DK150968C/da
Priority to GB3002173A priority patent/GB1434996A/en
Priority to FR7323099A priority patent/FR2190513B1/fr
Priority to JP48070914A priority patent/JPS5226254B2/ja
Priority to SU7301940483A priority patent/SU580807A3/ru
Priority to NO2632/73A priority patent/NO149060C/no
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3807052A publication Critical patent/US3807052A/en
Assigned to MORGAN GUARANTY TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK, AND MORGAN BANK ( DELAWARE ) AS COLLATERAL ( AGENTS ) SEE RECORD FOR THE REMAINING ASSIGNEES. reassignment MORGAN GUARANTY TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK, AND MORGAN BANK ( DELAWARE ) AS COLLATERAL ( AGENTS ) SEE RECORD FOR THE REMAINING ASSIGNEES. MORTGAGE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STP CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.,, UNION CARBIDE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS CO., INC., A CORP. OF PA.,, UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, A CORP.,, UNION CARBIDE EUROPE S.A., A SWISS CORP.
Assigned to UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, reassignment UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MORGAN BANK (DELAWARE) AS COLLATERAL AGENT
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0073—Seals
    • F27D99/0075—Gas curtain seals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/062—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated electrically heated
    • F27B9/066—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated electrically heated heated by lamps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K5/00—Irradiation devices
    • G21K5/10—Irradiation devices with provision for relative movement of beam source and object to be irradiated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/04—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F27B9/045—Furnaces with controlled atmosphere

Definitions

  • a treatment enclosure for irradiating a i g p [58] new of Search I 34/1 9 uct which passes through said enclosure comprising an 204/159'1 1 17/9331 open treatment chamber housing a source of radiant 313/221 energy, a pair of tunnels extendinglongitudinally from opposite sides of the chamber and an elongated inert [56] References cued gas injector channel, which opens into the enclosure a UNITED STATES PATENTS distance from the inlet tunnel end of the enclosure 3,600,122 8/1971
  • Coleman 117/47 A equal to at least ten times the smallest cross sectional 3,683,188 8/ 1972 Hugonin 250/52 dimension of the tunnel opening and which lies sub- 3.676.67 3 7/19
  • a coated product moving at line speed carries on its surface a thin film of air which must be substantially displaced by inert gas to permit effective surface curing when subjected to radiant energy. The displacement of such air must occur prior to the exposure time which is hereinafter defined as that interval of time in which a given coated product surface area is exposed to radiant energy. At a line speed of 600 ft/min.
  • the chamber residence time would be 0.3 seconds and theexposure time 0.1 seconds leaving a maximum time period of only 0.2 seconds to displace the air film on the coated product surface.
  • the faster the coated product travels through the chamber the higher the inert gas flow rate must be into the chamber to sustain an inert atmosphere.
  • higher traveling speeds provide reduced time to attain a settling of flow patterns in the chamber and any differential concentration of inert gas existing along the surface of the coated product, particularly a wide product, can result in a non-uniform cure.
  • the traveling speed is fixed by the production line speed and the inerting system must be compatible with such speed.
  • the commercial user of the process wants to set the gas-flow rate only once and, for economy, at as low a flow rate as possible. Furthermore, not only is the production line speed periodically varied to suit the particular application but also product size, particularly product width, varied periodically below a maximum value.
  • the irradiation system must be capable of providing an acceptable uniform cure irrespective of normal production line variations in product width and product line speed preferably using a single fixedtotal flow rate.
  • the system should be linearly scalable in dimensions and flow requirements to permit predictable design of a unit for the uniform treatment of a product of any width and at any required line speed.
  • the system should provide equal treatment of products of sub stantially reduced width dimensions and/or line speeds without alteration of the system parameters.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates in perspective a typical apparatus operated according to the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a longitudinal section taken along lines 88 of FIG. 7; v
  • FIG. 9 is a side view taken along lines 99 of FIG. 8.
  • Static systems for maintaining an inert gaseous environment about a workarea are well known.
  • the underlying design concept basic to all of such systems is to establish an inert gas flow pattern which will cause the air within the work area to be displaced by the inert gas, unit volume for unit volume, without permitting the inert gas to intermix with the air.
  • the difficulty resides in applying this rationale to a dynamic system where the coated product is in motion relative to the work area.
  • the moving coated product tends to draw air into the work area disturbing the flow conditions and thereby creating turbulence.
  • the problem is further accentuated in chemical irradiation processes where only a slight presence of oxygen at the coated product surface can inhibit surface curing.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the assembly of the present invention.
  • the product P which may represent a chemical coating or a coated substrate, of continuous length such as a web or of finite length such as for example a wallboard, is passed through a treatment enclosure 10 where it is exposed to electromagnetic irradiation from a radiant energy source (not shown).
  • the radiant energy source is mounted in the radiation chamber 12 with appropriate optics (not shown) for directing the electromagnetic radiant energy at the product P as it passes relative thereto. Any source of electromagnetic radiant energy may be employed although an internally cooled or non-cooled source is preferred. If the source requires external cooling an optically transparent medium must be mounted to physically separate the irradiation zone 14 from the radiation chamber 12.
  • a typical preferred internally cooled electromagnetic radiation source is a plasma arc source as described in US. Pat. Nos.'3,364,387 and 3,597,650 respectively.
  • Typical preferrednon-cooled electromagnetic radiation sources are low pressure shortwave ultraviolet mercury tubes or germicidal lamps as disclosed in US. Pat. application Ser; No. 266,122 filed concurrently herewith in the names of C.L. Osborn and H.H. Troue and entitled Process.
  • the treatment enclosure 10 further includes an entrance or inlet tunnel 16, an injector channel 18 through which inert gas is passed from a plenum chamber 20, and an exit tunnel 24.
  • Inert gas is delivered to the plenum chamber 20 from an inert gas supply (not shown). Although any inert gas may be used nitrogen is preferred.
  • tunnel for purposes of the present disclosure is defined as a hollow passageway of uniform cross-section which may either have a self-enclosed periphery or a partially enclosed periphery which becomes substantially fully enclosed when the moving coated product is present.
  • the length of the entrance tunnel 16 as well as the length of the exit tunnel 24 should be as long as is practically permissable.
  • the location, geometry and orientation of the injec- I tor channel 18 is critical in achieving a non-turbulent, non-mixing inert gas flow within the treatment enclosure 10 in such a manner that a gas flow below about 500 cfh per each foot of tunnel width and preferably below about 400 cfh/ft. of tunnel width is all that is necessary to achieve a uniform inert blanket over the coated surface of the moving product irrespective of product speeds up to about 600 fpm.
  • the treatment assembly will accomodate and uniformly blanket the coated surface of a moving product of any width up to said given tunnel width and at any speed up to about 600 fpm.
  • the injector channel 18 must be located upstream from the inlet end 27 of entrance tunnel 16 a distance of at least about 10 times the smallest cross-sectional dimension of tunnel 16.
  • the height (H) of the channel 18 should preferably be at least about four times greater than the width (W), i.e., the spacing between the side faces of the channel, as shown more clearly in FIG. 2.
  • the length (L) of the channel must be at least substantially equal to thewidth of the product P and preferably equal to the width of the entrance tunnel 16 and must be oriented substantially parallel to the tunnel width.
  • the channel 18 must also be oriented such that the inert gas is directed through the channel opening 26 into the enclosure 10 at an included angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the enclosure 10 of from between 4590, preferably
  • the distance between opening 26 and the moving product P should be as small as normal product surface irregularities will allow.
  • the height H to width W relationship is not as critical is a porous medium is used to fill the channel spacing, but this makes the assembly somewhat more difficult and moreexpensive to fabricate.
  • the channel 18 is shown in FIG. 1 as a-pair of flat plates extending from a slot in the upper wall of tunnel 16, the slot itself may in fact represent the channel provided the upper wall of tunnel 16 is of sufficient. thickness to satisfy the desired height (H) to width (-W) relationship.
  • Both the entrance tunnel 16 and the exit tunnel 2 4 are extensions of the radiation chamber 12 and serve to restrict the loss of inerting gas from the enclosure 10 as well as to direct the escaping inerting gas over the coated surface of the product P in such a manner as to push off most of the air from the surface of product P before the product enters the area of irradiation 14.
  • a slight but significant pressure gradient exists between the injector channel opening 26 and the inlet end 27 of the entrance tunnel 16 which creates a back flow of inert gas out the entrance tunnel 16 so as to prevent an unacceptable quantity of air from being drawn in with the coated surface of product P.
  • the exit tunnel 24 serves in addition, as an escape path for the minor amount of air which does enter the enclosure at the coated surface of product P and is carried downstream with the coated product P.
  • the inerting gas holds such air at the coated surface of product P and sweeps such air out through the exit tunnel 24 along with the exiting product as opposed to letting such air intermix with the inert atmosphere in chamber 12 and accumulate to an unacceptable level.
  • the cross-sectional dimensions of the entrance and exit tunnels 16 and 24 respectively are preferably selected to conform to the cross-sectional dimensionsof the coated product P to be treated.
  • FIGS. 4(a-c) illustrates three typical tunnel geometries for three typical product shapes; viz., rectangular, triangular and cylindrical respectively.
  • the injector channel 18 and plenum chamber 20 respectively should likewise conform in geometry to the cross-sectional geometry of the coated product P. This is also true for the radiation chamber 12 where uniform irradiation is desired about the entire periphcry of the product but does notmean that the radiant energy source need have such geometry since by appropriate optics in the chamber 12 one can accomplish the same result.
  • the tunnel length (T l to the injector channel for any tunnel configuration must be at least about ten times greater than the smallest crosssectional dimension of the tunnel.
  • T 2 (10) T and T T where T Tunnel height T Tunnel width;
  • T 2 (10) T T and for a cylindrical tunnel geometry (FIG. 5b) T 200) D "war'eu'ime cross sect'ional 'dia' n i'eii of the cylinder.
  • the coated product P When the coated product P is present within the enclosure 10 and extends throughout the enclosure 10 the coated product itself may form the bottom of each tunnel. In such cases where the coated product P is continuously present, such as a web, the coated product P effectively forms the bottom of the chamber and no further bottom is required.
  • the chamber may also be physis cally reversed if desired.
  • the injector channel 18 assures an even flow distribution of inerting gas into the enclosure 10 with said flow directed substantially toward the. surface of the moving coated product P and uniformly distributed across the width of product P.
  • the geometry of the injector channel 18 as discussed hereinabove is intended to cause each substantially equal elemental volume of inerting gas to see essentially parallel flow paths of equal length to the inlet opening of the entrance tunnel l6 and parallel flow paths of equal length to the outlet opening of the exit tunnel 24. This is diagrammatically shown in FIG. 6 with V V,, representing substantially equal discrete elemental volumes of inert gas flowing toward opening 27 and V Vn representing substantially equal discrete elemental volumes of inert gas flowing toward opening 29.
  • Discrete elemental volumes V V need not be equal to discrete ele-
  • the flow path length from the opening 26 to the inlet end 27 of tunnel 16 need not be equal to the flow path length from the opening 26 to the'outlet end 29 of exit tunnel 24. .It is, however, significant to note that the inert gaseous flow emerging from the injector channel 18 cancels vectorially in all directions except in the longitudinal direction. This phenomenon is the primary factor in achieving uniform inert blanketing over the coated product width and in establishing the linearly scalable relationship between the inert gas flow and the tunnel width, in complete independence from the width of the coated product.
  • any narrower coated product width may likewise be treated without altering the physical dimensions or flow rate.
  • the product speed may be varied at will up to about 600 fpm without affecting the treatment under the above noted conditions even though at the higher speeds the exposure time is substantially shortened.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates in perspective a typical apparatus operated according to the present invention as it might appear installed on a production line facility.
  • a conveyor assembly 30 carries the coated product P to the treatment enclosure 10 which is supported by frame 34.
  • Pressure actuated cylinders 32 control the height of the tunnels of the treatment enclosure 10 above the conveyor assembly 30.
  • the cylinders 32 are manually controllable to adjust the enclosure tunnel height as well as being automatically responsive to a passing product having an irregular or warped surface which is not to be .treated.
  • the treatment enclosure 10 is automatically raised to a predetermined level while activating a shutter which passes beneath the radiation chamber 12. The shutter prevents the escape of radiant energy as will be explained more fully hereafter in connection with FIG. 8.
  • the radiation chamber 12 houses the electromagnetic radiation source and appropriate optics for directing the radiant energy toward the irradiating zone 14. It should be noted that in the typical system of FIG. 7 the conveyor surface is being partially used as the bottom surface of the treatment enclosure 10. Hence, the conveyor surfaces and the coated product P, when it extends through the treatment enclosure 10, forms an integral part of the enclosureacting as the bottom of the treatment chamber. This is more clearly seen in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the injector channel 18 is preferably formed as an elongated slot in the wall of the plenum chamber 20. it must however bear the proper geometrical relationship discussed heretofore, i.e., it must be spacially oriented so as to direct the inert gas at the moving product at an included angle with the longitudinal axis of the enclosure of from between 45-90.
  • the channel 18 should, in addition, have a height to width relationship of at' least about four to one. in the actual fabricated prototype the height (H) is formed from k inch thick plate with a channel spacing of H16 inch (W).
  • Platform assembly 42 is comprised of a first sheet of Teflon with a number of mirror sections 44 which are directly exposed to the radiation chamber 12 and a second support sheet lying beneath thefirst sheet. The mirror sections 44 of the platform assembly 42 reflect some of the electromagnetic energy to the edges and underside of the passing product.
  • the pressure actuated cylinders 32 are automatically activated by means not shown thereby lifting the treatment enclosure to a predetermined height above the conveyor assemblies 38 and 40 and platform assembly 42.
  • Cylinder 36 has a piston rod 46 connected at its free end to a bracket 48 which is slidably mounted, through means such as ball bearings, on .a fixed shaft 52.
  • the bracket 48 is also connected to a shutter assembly 50 also mounted for axial movement on fixed shaft 52.
  • the bottom plate of the shutter assembly 50 represents the upper surface of exit tunnel 24.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the lines 99 of FIG. 8.
  • the tunnel passageway leading into the irradiation zone 14 is clearly illustrated with its top surface represented by the plenum chamber surface 56 and its bottom surface represented by the platform assembly 42.
  • the spacer plates 58 located on opposite sides thereof abut against the platform assembly 42 forming a pair of side walls for the entire treatment enclosure 10.
  • a pair of side flaps may also be used if controlled operating variation in tunnel height is desired above the first fixed-level determined by spacer plates 58.
  • the internal enclosure width is approximately 50 inches, i.e., a product of any width up to a maximum of about 48 inches is acceptable for treatment.
  • the height of the tunnels l6 and 24 respectively, in the enclosure operating position, is 3/8 inch.
  • The-length of the enclosure 10, end to end, is 60 inches.
  • the distance from the inlet end of inlet tunnel 16 to the injector channel is approximately 18 inches while the distance from the injector channel 18 to the radiation chamber 12 is approximately 6 inches.
  • the radiation chamber 12 has a length of approximately 18 inches.
  • the physical dimensions herein given are illustrative only and may be scaled up or down to suit a particular production facility. It should be kept in mind that since the gas flow requirement is predictable, in keeping with the gas flow tunnel width relationship given heretofore, the physical dimensions can thus be selected in accordance with available space on the production facility.
  • the inert gas flow preferably nitrogen may be determined in accordance with the relationship betweenflow and tunnel width as set forth earlier, namely, about 400 cfh/ft. of tunnel width.
  • a total flow corresponding to a, normal product width and hence maximum tunnel width, for a particular commercial user, may be set without the necessity of further adjustment for product width variations.
  • the following is set of examples where the total gas flow rate was fixedly set at about 1500 cfh for products of widely varying widths up to a maximum of about 48 inches and'widely varying speeds from fpm to 500 fpm.
  • the thickness of the product varied up to A inch.
  • a coating composition was prepared from 50g acrylated epoxidized soybean oil, 30g hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 20g neopentylglycol diacrylatefTo 10g aliquots of this composition was added 0.01 mole of various sensitizers.
  • the coating was applied at a wet film thickness of2 mils to Bonderite No. 37 steel panels and irradiated at the indicated explosures, under nitrogen blanketing, using a Plasma Arc Radiation Source. Results of analysis of the cured films are listed below:
  • Apparatus for in-line irradiation treatment of a moving product comprising:
  • a treating chamber having at least one treating source mounted therein, said chamber being located intermediate the outlet end of said first tunnel and the inlet end of second tunnel and forming therewith a a continuous enclosure;
  • said first open end having a length at least substantially equal to the Width of said product with the longer axis of said opening directed substantially parallel to the width of said first tunnel;
  • said gas injector channel is a slotted groove formed in the upper wall of said first tunnel and has parallel side faces.
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 13 further comprising means for raising said enclosure a predetermined distance above said product in response to a product which is not to be treated and means operating in con junction therewith for passing a shutter beneath said treatment chambe'rto prevent the escape of radiant energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US00266121A 1972-06-26 1972-06-26 Apparatus for irradiation of a moving product in an inert atmosphere Expired - Lifetime US3807052A (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00266121A US3807052A (en) 1972-06-26 1972-06-26 Apparatus for irradiation of a moving product in an inert atmosphere
ZA733244A ZA733244B (en) 1972-06-26 1973-05-14 Apparatus for irradiation of a moving product in an inert atmosphere
CA172,560A CA1016898A (en) 1972-06-26 1973-05-24 Apparatus for irradiation of a moving product in an inert atmosphere
DE2332116A DE2332116C3 (de) 1972-06-26 1973-06-23 Gerät zur Bestrahlung von bewegten aus einem mit einem fotohärtbaren Kunststoffilm beschichteten Substrat bestehenden Produkten während des Herstellungsprozesses
DK350573A DK150968C (da) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Apparat til straalingsbehandling af langstrakte genstande
BE132698A BE801412A (fr) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Appareil de traitement par irradiation
AU57264/73A AU474766B2 (en) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Apparatus for irradiation ofa moving product inan inert armosphere
NLAANVRAGE7308812,A NL172804C (nl) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Inrichting voor het bestralen van produkten met een fotohardbare kunststofbekledingslaag.
SE7308890A SE400908B (sv) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Anordning for att bestrala en produkt som ror sig i en inert atmosfer
GB3002173A GB1434996A (en) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Apparatus for irradiation of a moving product in an inert atmosphere
FR7323099A FR2190513B1 (de) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25
JP48070914A JPS5226254B2 (de) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25
SU7301940483A SU580807A3 (ru) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Устройство дл облучени непрерывно движущегос материала
NO2632/73A NO149060C (no) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Apparat for bestraalingsbehandling av langstrakte gjenstander
IT51025/73A IT985782B (it) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Apparecchio di irradiazione superfi ciale di oggetti in movimento in particolare oggetti rivestiti di polimeri reticolabili per miglio rarne la proprieta

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00266121A US3807052A (en) 1972-06-26 1972-06-26 Apparatus for irradiation of a moving product in an inert atmosphere

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US3807052A true US3807052A (en) 1974-04-30

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US00266121A Expired - Lifetime US3807052A (en) 1972-06-26 1972-06-26 Apparatus for irradiation of a moving product in an inert atmosphere

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US (1) US3807052A (de)
JP (1) JPS5226254B2 (de)
AU (1) AU474766B2 (de)
BE (1) BE801412A (de)
CA (1) CA1016898A (de)
DE (1) DE2332116C3 (de)
DK (1) DK150968C (de)
FR (1) FR2190513B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1434996A (de)
IT (1) IT985782B (de)
NL (1) NL172804C (de)
NO (1) NO149060C (de)
SE (1) SE400908B (de)
SU (1) SU580807A3 (de)
ZA (1) ZA733244B (de)

Cited By (25)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936950A (en) * 1974-04-16 1976-02-10 Union Carbide Corporation Method of inerting the atmosphere above a moving product
DE2536450A1 (de) * 1974-08-23 1976-03-11 Union Carbide Corp Methode fuer und apparat zum betreiben einer quecksilberdampflampe
US4012639A (en) * 1975-09-15 1977-03-15 Robert Matveevich Besprozvanny Method of producing mineral binder and apparatus embodying same
DE2543514A1 (de) * 1975-09-30 1977-04-07 Thagard Technology Co Verfahren zur durchfuehrung chemischer reaktionen bei hohen temperaturen, hierfuer geeigneter reaktionsapparat und dessen anwendung
US4135098A (en) * 1976-11-05 1979-01-16 Union Carbide Corporation Method and apparatus for curing coating materials
US4178221A (en) * 1976-04-14 1979-12-11 Rhone-Poulenc Industries Process for the preparation of water-soluble acrylic polymers by photopolymerization
EP0086474A1 (de) * 1982-02-12 1983-08-24 Union Carbide Corporation Verfahren zum Erzeugen von strukturierter Oberfläche
US4508750A (en) * 1980-03-21 1985-04-02 501 Polymer-Physik GmbH & Co. Process for crosslinking lacquers which are based on plastics and have been applied to base materials
US4717516A (en) * 1983-04-13 1988-01-05 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Production of polyester shaped product
US4823680A (en) * 1987-12-07 1989-04-25 Union Carbide Corporation Wide laminar fluid doors
DE3914502A1 (de) * 1989-05-02 1990-11-15 Goldschmidt Ag Th Verfahren zur erzielung und aufrechterhaltung einer sauerstoffarmen, inerten atmosphaere in einer behandlungskammer sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US5225170A (en) * 1989-02-07 1993-07-06 Steelcase Inc. Monolithic finishing process and machine for furniture parts and the like
US5816024A (en) * 1996-05-07 1998-10-06 Jescorp, Inc. Apparatus and method for exposing product to a controlled environment
US5911249A (en) * 1997-03-13 1999-06-15 Jescorp, Inc. Gassing rail apparatus and method
US5916110A (en) * 1993-09-16 1999-06-29 Sanfilippo; James J. System and method for sealing containers
US5961000A (en) * 1996-11-14 1999-10-05 Sanfilippo; James J. System and method for filling and sealing containers in controlled environments
US6032438A (en) * 1993-09-16 2000-03-07 Sanfilippo; James J. Apparatus and method for replacing environment within containers with a controlled environment
DE19828266C1 (de) * 1998-06-25 2000-03-30 Michael Bisges Vorrichtung zum Verhindern von Dampf-, Gas- oder Kleinstpartikelniederschlägen auf den Spiegelelementen von UV-Bestrahlungsvorrichtungen sowie Verfahren zu deren Betrieb
US6202388B1 (en) 1998-11-06 2001-03-20 Jescorp, Inc. Controlled environment sealing apparatus and method
US6419749B1 (en) 1999-11-05 2002-07-16 Fusion Uv Systems, Inc. Apparatus for UV curing a coating on a filament or the like and method of manufacturing
US6727508B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2004-04-27 Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for irradiating active energy ray
US20060204671A1 (en) * 2005-03-10 2006-09-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for curing coated film and optical film
US20070271812A1 (en) * 2003-07-24 2007-11-29 Werner Swoboda Device for Hardening the Coating of an Object, Consisting of a Material That Hardens Under Electromagnetic Radiation, More Particularly an Uv Paint or a Thermally Hardening Paint
US20200309454A1 (en) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Method for manufacturing ceramic product containing silicon carbide
US12064930B2 (en) 2018-10-16 2024-08-20 Transitions Optical, Ltd. Ultraviolet curing apparatus

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US3936950A (en) * 1974-04-16 1976-02-10 Union Carbide Corporation Method of inerting the atmosphere above a moving product
DE2536450A1 (de) * 1974-08-23 1976-03-11 Union Carbide Corp Methode fuer und apparat zum betreiben einer quecksilberdampflampe
US4012639A (en) * 1975-09-15 1977-03-15 Robert Matveevich Besprozvanny Method of producing mineral binder and apparatus embodying same
DE2543514A1 (de) * 1975-09-30 1977-04-07 Thagard Technology Co Verfahren zur durchfuehrung chemischer reaktionen bei hohen temperaturen, hierfuer geeigneter reaktionsapparat und dessen anwendung
US4178221A (en) * 1976-04-14 1979-12-11 Rhone-Poulenc Industries Process for the preparation of water-soluble acrylic polymers by photopolymerization
US4135098A (en) * 1976-11-05 1979-01-16 Union Carbide Corporation Method and apparatus for curing coating materials
US4508750A (en) * 1980-03-21 1985-04-02 501 Polymer-Physik GmbH & Co. Process for crosslinking lacquers which are based on plastics and have been applied to base materials
EP0086474A1 (de) * 1982-02-12 1983-08-24 Union Carbide Corporation Verfahren zum Erzeugen von strukturierter Oberfläche
US4717516A (en) * 1983-04-13 1988-01-05 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Production of polyester shaped product
US4823680A (en) * 1987-12-07 1989-04-25 Union Carbide Corporation Wide laminar fluid doors
US5225170A (en) * 1989-02-07 1993-07-06 Steelcase Inc. Monolithic finishing process and machine for furniture parts and the like
DE3914502A1 (de) * 1989-05-02 1990-11-15 Goldschmidt Ag Th Verfahren zur erzielung und aufrechterhaltung einer sauerstoffarmen, inerten atmosphaere in einer behandlungskammer sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US5916110A (en) * 1993-09-16 1999-06-29 Sanfilippo; James J. System and method for sealing containers
US6032438A (en) * 1993-09-16 2000-03-07 Sanfilippo; James J. Apparatus and method for replacing environment within containers with a controlled environment
US5816024A (en) * 1996-05-07 1998-10-06 Jescorp, Inc. Apparatus and method for exposing product to a controlled environment
US5961000A (en) * 1996-11-14 1999-10-05 Sanfilippo; James J. System and method for filling and sealing containers in controlled environments
US5911249A (en) * 1997-03-13 1999-06-15 Jescorp, Inc. Gassing rail apparatus and method
DE19828266C1 (de) * 1998-06-25 2000-03-30 Michael Bisges Vorrichtung zum Verhindern von Dampf-, Gas- oder Kleinstpartikelniederschlägen auf den Spiegelelementen von UV-Bestrahlungsvorrichtungen sowie Verfahren zu deren Betrieb
US6202388B1 (en) 1998-11-06 2001-03-20 Jescorp, Inc. Controlled environment sealing apparatus and method
US6930315B2 (en) 1999-10-12 2005-08-16 Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for irradiation of active energy beam
US6727508B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2004-04-27 Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for irradiating active energy ray
US6511715B2 (en) 1999-11-05 2003-01-28 Fusion Uv Systems, Inc. Method for UV curing a coating on a filament or the like
US6419749B1 (en) 1999-11-05 2002-07-16 Fusion Uv Systems, Inc. Apparatus for UV curing a coating on a filament or the like and method of manufacturing
US20070271812A1 (en) * 2003-07-24 2007-11-29 Werner Swoboda Device for Hardening the Coating of an Object, Consisting of a Material That Hardens Under Electromagnetic Radiation, More Particularly an Uv Paint or a Thermally Hardening Paint
US20060204671A1 (en) * 2005-03-10 2006-09-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for curing coated film and optical film
US20100229417A1 (en) * 2005-03-10 2010-09-16 Fujifilm Corporation Method and apparatus for curing coated film and optical film
US12064930B2 (en) 2018-10-16 2024-08-20 Transitions Optical, Ltd. Ultraviolet curing apparatus
US20200309454A1 (en) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Method for manufacturing ceramic product containing silicon carbide

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Publication number Publication date
DK150968B (da) 1987-10-05
DE2332116A1 (de) 1974-01-10
NL172804C (nl) 1983-10-17
SE400908B (sv) 1978-04-17
DK150968C (da) 1988-02-15
CA1016898A (en) 1977-09-06
IT985782B (it) 1974-12-20
NL7308812A (de) 1973-12-28
NO149060C (no) 1984-02-08
JPS5226254B2 (de) 1977-07-13
FR2190513B1 (de) 1978-04-21
GB1434996A (en) 1976-05-12
JPS4992167A (de) 1974-09-03
AU474766B2 (en) 1976-08-05
SU580807A3 (ru) 1977-11-15
ZA733244B (en) 1974-04-24
NO149060B (no) 1983-10-31
DE2332116B2 (de) 1981-06-04
AU5726473A (en) 1975-01-09
FR2190513A1 (de) 1974-02-01
BE801412A (fr) 1973-12-26
DE2332116C3 (de) 1984-12-20

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