US3806425A - Quenching coke with solid streams and avoiding flooding - Google Patents

Quenching coke with solid streams and avoiding flooding Download PDF

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Publication number
US3806425A
US3806425A US00168659A US16865971A US3806425A US 3806425 A US3806425 A US 3806425A US 00168659 A US00168659 A US 00168659A US 16865971 A US16865971 A US 16865971A US 3806425 A US3806425 A US 3806425A
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United States
Prior art keywords
coke
bed
quench
quenching
liquid
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00168659A
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English (en)
Inventor
L Ekholm
B Kuchta
Ginness J Mc
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United States Steel Corp
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Steel Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steel Corp filed Critical Steel Corp
Priority to US00168659A priority Critical patent/US3806425A/en
Priority to ZA724763A priority patent/ZA724763B/xx
Priority to AU44833/72A priority patent/AU458808B2/en
Priority to IT27314/72A priority patent/IT963275B/it
Priority to CA147,794A priority patent/CA978494A/en
Priority to BE786845A priority patent/BE786845A/xx
Priority to DE19722236981 priority patent/DE2236981B2/de
Priority to GB3523272A priority patent/GB1403216A/en
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7210563,A priority patent/NL175927C/xx
Priority to BR005194/72A priority patent/BR7205194D0/pt
Priority to FR7227877A priority patent/FR2148201B1/fr
Priority to ES405486A priority patent/ES405486A1/es
Priority to JP47077365A priority patent/JPS5828317B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3806425A publication Critical patent/US3806425A/en
Assigned to USX CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE reassignment USX CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION (MERGED INTO)
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
    • C10B39/04—Wet quenching

Definitions

  • Hot metallurgical coke pushed from slot type coke ovens is usually immediately quenched by spraying it with a large volume of water.
  • the hot coke from the ovens is conveyed on a quenching car to a spray quenching station where the car and its contents are drenched with water by spraying water over the whole surface of the coke until it is quenched.
  • This method often results in excessive quenching of some areas and leaves up to 20% moisture in the cold porous coke.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a method of reducing the time required to quench the coke in car load quantities.
  • Another object of this invention is to reduce the amount of water required to quench a coke load and thereby decrease the amount of water being discharged to the atmosphere.
  • the stream penetrates the bed of coke, diffuses down through the hot coke and then flows down the inclined plane quench surface beneath the hot coke until it comes in contact with unquenched coke and then percolates through the bed of hot coke quenching it as it goes.
  • the method of this invention is quite contrary to the supported and often asserted need for uniform spraying over the bed of coke which has been proposed heretofore. Contrary to the prior teaching shorter quench times yielding coke with uniform low moisture are obtained by quenching over less than the whole surface area with a stream of quench liquid instead of a spray.
  • the stream should not be greatly diffused before it strikes the surface of the coke so that penetration into the bed to a depth of as much as 8 feet is obtained before complete vaporization.
  • the quench liquid In the prior practice whereby the quench liquid is sprayed over the entire bed of the coke, the vaporization is often so forceful that droplets of quench liquid are carried up in the quench tower without ever contacting the coke.
  • the quench liquid penetrates the bed to a substantial depth and quenches more effectively as shown by shorter quench times and lower residual moisture contents in the quenched coke.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a stream quenching station of the invention showing a hot coke car beneath a plurality of streams of quench liquid.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view taken along line IHIII of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a coke quenching station and alternate apparatus for the stream quenching method of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing single stream quenching by moving the hot car beneath a single discharge of quenching liquid.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional end view of a header and flow pipe design for multiple stream quenchmg.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional end view of a single stream header and pipe design showing the relationship between diameter and length of pipe.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing the flow of quench liquid through a bed of coke.
  • car 1, filled with hot coke 2, to a mean depth of about 3 feet is rolled along tracks 3, under a quenching hood 4, equipped with a'plurality of downwardly directed 1 /2 inch pipes 5, connected by header 6, to a quench liquid reservoir (not shown), by connecting main 7.
  • a quench liquid reservoir (not shown), by connecting main 7.
  • main 7 substantially all of the quench liquid 8 is deposited in about one minute as soon as car 1, is in position under hood 4, on the upper portion of the bed of coke 2, as it rests on inclined surface 9.
  • Coke 2 will be completely quenched and free of hot spots i.e., areas capable of self-supporting combustion in air, in about one minute and car 1 may be removed to a coke wharf (not shown) and coke containing about 3% by weight uniform moisture content discharged through gate 10.
  • quench liquid deposited on the upper side of the inclined bed of coke 2 penetrates the bed to bottom surface 9 and flows in the direction of the arrows until it contacts hot coke where it percolates in the directions shown and often escapes through the surface of the bed and impinges on the side of car 1. Some of the quench liquid may flow down inclined bottom surface 9, and out beneath gate 10.
  • quench liquid 8 is dumped from reservoir 11, onto the upper portion of an inclined bed of coke and flows down through the coke to bottom surface 9, and percolates upward analogous to the diagram of FIG. 8. It is possible, but not essential, as discussed below, to include a plurality of spray nozzles 13, to spray quench liquid over the bed of coke as shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 5, quench liquid is discharged through a single large diameter pipe 12, onto the high side of the bed of coke as the hot coke car 1, is pushed along track 3 under the quench hood 4, in the direction indicated by an arrow.
  • the invention is applicable to quenching any hot relatively porous material where short quench times are essential to achieve low residual moisture content, but the invention is particularly adapted to the quenching of hot coke from slot type coke ovens.
  • hot coke When hot coke is pushed from slot type ovens into a quench car it does not fall in a uniform evenly spaced pattern to form a level bed of coke. Instead, the coke, at a temperature of about 1800-2100 F. and having a density of about 27- 33 lbs./ft. falls into the moving quench car in irregular piles as illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 8.
  • the method of the present invention is particularly adaptable to this type of quenching as the liquid penetrates the bed and passes in a diffusing stream to the bottom, preferably inclined, surface rapidly, where there is a uniform straightline bed of coke for it to attack and cool.
  • the liquid and associated vapors percolate toward the top of the bed they uniformly, efficiently and quite rapidly quench the whole bed of coke. Where the liquid escapes in a valley between two mounds of coke it splashes on the side of the mound thereby quenching it. Where the liquid rises directly beneath a mound of coke it continues to quench all the way to the surface.
  • a stream of liquid capable of substantial penetration of the bed of coke be employed as opposed to the heretofore employed sprays.
  • the discharge means for example pipes, should be such that there is a minimum of diffusion of the quench liquid before it strikes the bed of coke.
  • the discharge means should be such that there is no substantial breaking up of the quench liquid into droplets as it falls from the discharge means to the surface of the bed of coke.
  • the distance from the point of discharge to the surface of the bed should be a maximum of 12 feet preferably less than 6 feet, most preferably 6-8 feet, depending on the length to width ratio of the pipe and the velocity of the stream.
  • a distance of 6 to 8 feet is satisfactory.
  • the time it takes to quench a car of coke is very important for slot type coke ovens because excessive quench times interfere with pushing schedules.
  • the residual moisture content is related to the amount of time the quench liquid is in contact with the hot coke because the 27-33 lb./ft. density coke will rapidly absorb liquid as the hot gases filling the pores contract on cooling leaving a void which is readily taken up by the liquid. In other words, the hot coke sucks up liquid as it is quenched.
  • short quench times of 45 secs. to 1 minute are common and 45 secs. to 1.5 minutes easily obtainable as compared to 1.5 to 3 minutes in conventional spray practice.
  • the spacing of the streams for quenching can be important for large surface areas of coke as, for example, a hot coke car having a surface area of about 600 square feet. For such large areas there must be a stream to penetrate the bed at least every 5 feet along the length of the car. In other words there should not be more than 5 feet between downwardly directed streams.
  • sufiicient quench liquid reaches the inclined plane of the bottom and moves down to start the percolating action in the evenly distributed lower portion of the bed.
  • pipes are positioned over the upper /2 of the surface, however, they should be no more than 5 feet apart and preferably spaced less than four feet apart.
  • the pressure on the stream may vary over wide limits but generally speaking pressures higher than about 8 p.s.i. in the header are not advantageous. Sufficient quench liquid can be gotten through the coke at or below this pressure and higher pressures tend to unduly disturb the bed of coke causing pieces of it to fly out of the car.
  • a perforated header is not satisfactory for the practice of the method of the invention. 'Perforations without a length of pipe to direct the stream result in a spray of quench liquid over the bed of coke. While a longitudinal stream as with the device of FIG. 4 may be used, most installations will involve a pipe or pipes descending from the header which must have a length at least three times its diameter and preferably eight times. This will create a stream capable of only minimum diffusion in the first 6 feet of fall before it strikes the bed of coke.
  • the amount of quench liquid, almost invariably water, is somewhat reduced below that currently required by conventional practice, however, this is not nearly as significant as the consistently low residual moisture levels of 2-4% by weight of coke obtainable by the method of this invention.
  • the total amount of water applied to the coke usually is about 300-800 gallons per ton.
  • the rate of flow to the direct contact area is important.
  • the direct contact area means the area directly under the stream. The stream should contact the coke at a rate of about 200- 600 gallons per square foot of direct contact area per minute.
  • all or most quench liquid is directed to the high side of the sloping bottom quench car, preferably the upper one-half.
  • Tests were conducted by placing the coke from 30 pounds of coal consisting of 75% Pittsburgh seam high volatile and 25% Pocahontas seam low volatile maintained in two pressure test ovens at 2,000 F. The coke was pushed when the thermocouple at the center of the charge reached 1,800 F. This produced about 20 pounds of coke which was placed in an expanded metal basket to give a coke column height of about 18 inches for Examples 1-10 shown in Table l and to yield pound charges from the ovens by using a basket of about 36 inches in height. The basket had an 8 by 10 inch cross section.
  • Water was applied to the basket of hot coke by spray nozzles as indicated in the table and also by pipes of the jet type according to the invention which consisted of a 1 or 1 /2 inch pipe 6 inches long extending from the bottom of a gallon steel drum.
  • a quick operating valve was provided in each pipe to control the flow. With the basket of coke in position, the valve was opened and the water allowed to flow onto the basket of hot coke. The amount of water used was determined by measuring the difference in height of water in the drum before and after the test. After the measured amount of water was allowed to flow onto the coke and the coke was quenched, it was drained for two minutes. The 18 inch columns were then loosely divided into 2 sections, top and bottom, and the moisture content determined for each section.
  • the 36 inch column was divided into 4 sections and the moisture determined for each. In some cases the basket of coke was moved back and forth under the jet. In other cases the jet was applied intermittently. Tests were conducted with l, 2 and 4 pipes coming from the bottom of the drum. The results of these tests are summarized in Table 1.
  • a quench car 50 feet long by 12 feet wide having a sloping bed at an angle of 30 from the pusher side to the gate side of the car and containing coke to an average depth of about 1.1 feet is pushed beneath a quench tower with said-car having an horizontal area of 600 ft. and four longitudinal rows of 1 /2 inch pipes spaced 3.5 feet apart longitudinally 6 feet above the high side (upper /z) of the coke bed.
  • Water at a rate of 350 gallons per square foot of direct contact area is applied in one minute. A total of 5,000 gallons of water is thus applied.
  • the car of coke is completely quenched in 1 minute and ready to be dumped onto the coke wharf within 2 minutes with no evidence of incandescence.
  • the method for the rapid liquid quenching of coke which comprises distributing hot coke on a quenching surface having a bottom drain to form a bed of coke and flowing streams of quench liquid from spaced apart pipes through the bed of coke at spaced apart locations so that prior to striking the surface of the coke bed, there is no substantial breaking up of the quench liquid into droplets, and so that the quench liquid penetrates the bed prior to complete vaporization, at least some of it flowing out of the bottom drain, and rapidly quenches the coke while avoiding flooding thereof as the vapor and liquid percolate through the surrounding bed.
  • quench liquid is water and is applied in a quantity of 300 to 800 gallons per ton of hot coke in a plurality of streams at a rate of 200 to 600 gallons per square foot of direct contact area per minute.
  • the method for the rapid liquid quenching of coke which comprises distributing hot coke on a quenching surface having a bottom drain to form a bed of coke and flowing streams of quench liquid from spaced apart pipes through the bed of coke at spaced apart locations so that prior to striking the surface of the coke bed, there is no substantial breaking up of the quench liquid into droplets, and so that the quench liquid penetrates the bed prior to complete vaporization, at least some of it flowing out of the bottom drain, and rapidly quenches the coke while avoiding flooding thereof as the vapor and liquid percolate through the surrounding bed, wherein part of said quenching surface is the sloping surface of a hot quench railroad car and quench liquid is sprayed over the lower /2 of said sloping bed of coke simultaneous with the application of streams of quench liquid to the upper of said bed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US00168659A 1971-08-03 1971-08-03 Quenching coke with solid streams and avoiding flooding Expired - Lifetime US3806425A (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00168659A US3806425A (en) 1971-08-03 1971-08-03 Quenching coke with solid streams and avoiding flooding
ZA724763A ZA724763B (en) 1971-08-03 1972-07-12 Method for quenching coke
AU44833/72A AU458808B2 (en) 1971-08-03 1972-07-21 Quenching coke with solid streams and avoiding flooding
IT27314/72A IT963275B (it) 1971-08-03 1972-07-22 Metodo di spegnimento del coke
CA147,794A CA978494A (en) 1971-08-03 1972-07-24 Method for quenching coke
DE19722236981 DE2236981B2 (de) 1971-08-03 1972-07-27 Verfahren zum loeschen von koks
BE786845A BE786845A (fr) 1971-08-03 1972-07-27 Procede de refroidissement du coke
GB3523272A GB1403216A (en) 1971-08-03 1972-07-27 Method for quenching coke
NLAANVRAGE7210563,A NL175927C (nl) 1971-08-03 1972-08-01 Werkwijze voor het blussen van cokes met behulp van een in compacte stralen toegevoerde blusvloeistof.
BR005194/72A BR7205194D0 (pt) 1971-08-03 1972-08-02 Processo para resfriamento rapido a liquido de coque
FR7227877A FR2148201B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-08-03 1972-08-02
ES405486A ES405486A1 (es) 1971-08-03 1972-08-03 Procedimiento para el enfriamiento rapido con liquidos de coque.
JP47077365A JPS5828317B2 (ja) 1971-08-03 1972-08-03 コ−クス液体急冷法

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00168659A US3806425A (en) 1971-08-03 1971-08-03 Quenching coke with solid streams and avoiding flooding

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US44270974A Continuation-In-Part 1974-02-15 1974-02-15

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US00168659A Expired - Lifetime US3806425A (en) 1971-08-03 1971-08-03 Quenching coke with solid streams and avoiding flooding

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US (1) US3806425A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5828317B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU458808B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE786845A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7205194D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA978494A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2236981B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES405486A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2148201B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1403216A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT963275B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL175927C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA724763B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3876143A (en) * 1973-03-15 1975-04-08 Otto & Co Gmbh Dr C Process for quenching hot coke from coke ovens
US4025395A (en) * 1974-02-15 1977-05-24 United States Steel Corporation Method for quenching coke
US4201627A (en) * 1979-03-15 1980-05-06 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Coke quenching practice for one-spot cars
US4273617A (en) * 1979-07-20 1981-06-16 Hartung, Kuhn & Co. Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Method and apparatus for quenching heated bulk material
US4289584A (en) * 1979-03-15 1981-09-15 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Coke quenching practice for one-spot cars
US4344822A (en) * 1979-10-31 1982-08-17 Bethlehem Steel Corporation One-spot car coke quenching method
US4396461A (en) * 1979-10-31 1983-08-02 Bethlehem Steel Corporation One-spot car coke quenching process
US4760856A (en) * 1984-04-12 1988-08-02 Fuller Company Method and apparatus for conditioning fly ash

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS549763Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1976-02-09 1979-05-09
JPS549764Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1976-04-01 1979-05-09
JPS53155965U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1977-05-15 1978-12-07
DE3141242C2 (de) * 1981-10-16 1983-09-22 Hartung, Kuhn & Co Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Kokslöscheinrichtung
JPS58213084A (ja) * 1982-06-04 1983-12-10 Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd コ−クス消火散水方法
JP5585042B2 (ja) * 2009-09-30 2014-09-10 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 コークス湿式消火方法および湿式消火設備

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3876143A (en) * 1973-03-15 1975-04-08 Otto & Co Gmbh Dr C Process for quenching hot coke from coke ovens
US4025395A (en) * 1974-02-15 1977-05-24 United States Steel Corporation Method for quenching coke
US4201627A (en) * 1979-03-15 1980-05-06 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Coke quenching practice for one-spot cars
US4289584A (en) * 1979-03-15 1981-09-15 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Coke quenching practice for one-spot cars
US4273617A (en) * 1979-07-20 1981-06-16 Hartung, Kuhn & Co. Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Method and apparatus for quenching heated bulk material
US4344822A (en) * 1979-10-31 1982-08-17 Bethlehem Steel Corporation One-spot car coke quenching method
US4396461A (en) * 1979-10-31 1983-08-02 Bethlehem Steel Corporation One-spot car coke quenching process
US4760856A (en) * 1984-04-12 1988-08-02 Fuller Company Method and apparatus for conditioning fly ash

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES405486A1 (es) 1975-09-01
GB1403216A (en) 1975-08-28
AU4483372A (en) 1974-01-24
CA978494A (en) 1975-11-25
ZA724763B (en) 1973-04-25
JPS5828317B2 (ja) 1983-06-15
FR2148201B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-10-29
DE2236981B2 (de) 1978-02-02
AU458808B2 (en) 1975-03-06
FR2148201A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-03-11
IT963275B (it) 1974-01-10
BR7205194D0 (pt) 1973-08-23
DE2236981A1 (de) 1973-02-15
NL175927C (nl) 1985-01-16
NL7210563A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-06
NL175927B (nl) 1984-08-16
JPS4825702A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-04
BE786845A (fr) 1972-11-16

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Owner name: USX CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE, STATELESS

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION (MERGED INTO);REEL/FRAME:005060/0960

Effective date: 19880112