US3799368A - Loading system for blast-furnace - Google Patents

Loading system for blast-furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3799368A
US3799368A US00203996A US20399671A US3799368A US 3799368 A US3799368 A US 3799368A US 00203996 A US00203996 A US 00203996A US 20399671 A US20399671 A US 20399671A US 3799368 A US3799368 A US 3799368A
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pair
furnace
blast
rotary
hoppers
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English (en)
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J Wieczorek
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/18—Bell-and-hopper arrangements
    • C21B7/20—Bell-and-hopper arrangements with appliances for distributing the burden

Definitions

  • FIGS LOADING SYSTEM FOR BLAST-FURNACE This invention relates to the loading system of a blastfurnace operated at a very high counter-pressure, according to systems in M, 2M and 3 M, that is to say, that a vertical section of a blast-furnace shows the loading line of the materials to the throat as 1M, 2M or 3M. Loading in M has been known for a long time by blastfurnace specialists, but loading in 2M or 3M is new to them.
  • the main idea of this invention is to use 2 or 4 or 6 bins, according to the desired loading, i.e., a loading in M, 2M or 3M. While 1, 2 or 3 bins are loaded with materials by conveyors or skip-cars, 1, 2 or 3 other bins unload their contents in the throat by means of a turning spout which is located in the axis and at the top of the metal shell of the blastfurnace.
  • the system of loading in M, 2M or 3M has the great advantage of being simple, comparatively light, easy to assemble, to keep and to repair because the heaviest element weighs less than tons.
  • the possibility of working with half of the equipment, without any stoppage of the blast-furnace, with only a temporary slowing down, during the repair of the defective elements is one of the main qualities of these constructions.
  • a rotary distributor which has the shape of a cone going into the throat of the blast-furnace and by means of a single, double or triple pipe, unloads materials into the blast-furnace, while rotating at a speed of 15 to 30 revolutions per minute.
  • the part which stands in the blastfurnace under a gas temperature of 400 to 500 C must be cooled by water circulation in a water-jacket.
  • the inlet of water and its outlet is aligned with the rotation axle by means of a particular bearing.
  • the throat of the distribution is held in a tight ring, with a bearing having cross rollers, the said bearing has to support a dissymetrical load. This ring, strongly and precisely built, must also avoid any leakage of hot gas from the blastfurnace.
  • the rotation of the funnel distributor is made by a reducer and an electric motor.
  • the upper two-way duct rotates to stop the filling up, the upper valve shuts, the bin is put under pressure by the inlet of gas from the first dust separator, the pressure of which is almost similar to that of the throat and the temperature of which is slightly lower.
  • the vaporization of humidity of materials charged can raise the pressure a little but does not interfere with the following operations, on the contrary.
  • the lower valve opens by swinging out of the way of the fall of materials.
  • the extractor is set to work and pours portions of materials in the duct related to the distributor.
  • the path followed by the abrasive materials avoids as much as possible the abrasion of the extractors body during its rotation.
  • the materials are lifted up during the taking away in the storage bin and fall into the turning spout without wearing out the extractor.
  • Removable and very hard plates are nevertheless provided, such as to avoid, as much as possible abrasion and to be replaced easily, in a hurry, and without stoppage of the working blast-furnace.
  • the pipe of the pipes of the rotary distributor pour out materials onto circles inside the blast-furnace.
  • the material falling on top of the stack shows a section in M, or in 2M or in 3M.
  • the other assembly is at stage c) so that the rotary distributor is almost all the time loaded with materials and turns without any interruption.
  • the loading level can be determined outside the circle swept by the biggest pipe or by any other means as TV camera for infra-red, echo-sound, radiation measurement level.
  • the time wasted is limited to compression or decompression periods of the materials storage bins.
  • the loadings in 2M and in 3M are only possible when using a rotary distributor with separated conical shapes, each with its outlet pipe. If there are two concentric separated conical bins there is a need for four storage bins and two outlet pipes. If there are six sets of storage bins, there are three concentric conical bins and three outlet pipes for discharge of materials inside the blast-furnace. A greater number will not be needed because the possibilities of diversifying the materials loads are numerous enough with the 3M system.
  • the time of the working cycles for each set can be modified and regulated, according to technological needs, from the results of various optimization and development experiments, not only about the loading parts of the furnace, which are comparatively easy to modify but also about the various other equipments such as cowpers, cooling of blast-furnace shell, the cast house, the shell, the refractories, the turbo-blowers and also the dust-catchers.
  • the loading system in 3M has for its main purpose, the making, in the center of the blast-furnace, of a column of materials which could increase the heat energy and the reduction gas for process, could raise the inside temperature, especially in the stack and bosh axes, far from the refractory walls and from the cooling of the blast-furnace shell.
  • the use of prepared coal or anthracite directly inside the central column would reduce the coke consumption.
  • the central column would be divided by thin layers of other additions for instance flux or limestone, or pellets.
  • the loading system being lightened, it will again be possible to avoid the construction of gigantic square superstructures and to have on the shell the possibility to carry the whole loading equipments.
  • the gas uptakes could be used as carrying pillars for the storage bins and other elements of the loading systems in M, in 2M or in 3M.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 cross-sections views of a blastfurnace respectively having a loading in M, 2M and 3M.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged section of a blast-furnace having a loading in 3M.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a construction according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 6, 7 or 8 respectively show loading assemblies in M, 2M and 3M.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are sectional views of equipments for the loading in 2M and 3M.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a schematic profile and the loading in M of a blast-furnace in which 1 is the blast area of combustion, 2 the slag volume, 3 liquid pig iron, 4 a layer of coke, 5 a layer of sintered pellets, 6 various additions such as limestorne, manganese or iron ores.
  • This loading section in M is also called loading as ring by blast-fumaces specialists (in FRANCE). This term -M- seems better for an idea as the one described, because these letter pictures the loading line in the blast-furnace better.
  • FIG. 2 is also a diagrammatic section, representing a load in 2M in a blast-furnace.
  • the 1 to 6 reference marks are as in FIG. 1 and the remarks are the same, but there is a clear distinction of the separation line between inner and outer loads, a conical shaped surface which makes the hooking more unusual and easier the slidings of materials to be turned into pig iron.
  • FIG. 3 is a third diagrammatic section showing the section or 3M profile of the loading level in a blastfurnace.
  • the 1 to 6 reference marks are the same as in FIG. 1 and remarks about FIG. 1 and 2 can be taken into account also for FIG. 3.
  • a distinctive feature is represented by 7 showing a column of prepared materials: these could be coke but also coal or anthracite. The purpose of this mass is to increase the quantity of reducing gases highly, to reduce the coke consumption by use of coal and to raise the temperature level in the axis of the blast-furnace, very far from the refractory layer.
  • This version of loading in 3M should find an application in blast-furnaces of more than 4,000 m of useful volume, in which the inner diameter of the hearth exceeds 14 meters.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged section of the loading profile in a blast-furnace as 3M, with reference 4 representing coke, 5 sinter pellets and 6 various additions.
  • the laying out of the layers of materials which go down into the stack of a blast-furnace is represented from hypothesises which are still very difficult to check. If the phenomenons which take place now in the blastfurnace are not entirely explained, the idea which is the aim of the invention, is a very important anticipation characterized by FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 There are numerous possible combinations for loading with system 3M, and this system opens a new path for the pig iron metallurgy.
  • FIG. 5 represents a construction drawing which is rather schematized because the loading system in M is the basis for system 2M and system 3M.
  • This section shows in 5 a sinter pellets layer, in 6 various additions.
  • the materials to be loaded are brought by a conveyor 8, fall in the two ways duct 9, which guides them into the storage-bin 12, the swing-valve 10 being open and the tightness surfaces not subjected to wear.
  • the rotary extractor 14 is stopped and the lower swing-valve l6 shut and very light, bearing its seat by very high counter-pressure in the throat of the blast-furnace.
  • Storagebin 12 is in the loading stage, the upper swing-valve 11 is shut and bears upon its seat by means of the counterpressure in storage-bin 13 in unloading stage in the blast-furnace.
  • the rotary extractor turns unclockwise, and it reduces to a minimum the wear of the carter.
  • Swingvale 17 is open and the materials fall into the spout of the rotary distributor 18 which turns with a speed of X 30 r.p.m. and facilitate a regular distribution of the load, by means of a single weir pipe 19, cooled by water circulation in a water-jacket.
  • the rotary distributor bears upon a gas tight ring which is rigidly locked to the throat 22, with an incorporated roller bearing.
  • In is represented a motor element and 21 is a special bearing which allows for inlet and outlet of cooling water for the weir pipe 19, working under a surrounding temperature of 400 to 500 C.
  • the blastfurnace gases go out by the gas uptake pipes 23 which are also used as construction pillars for hoppers 12 and 13. As these must resist very high pressure and temperature, the shape of two half-cylinders having a common middle wall seems the best solution.
  • the putting in pressure of hopper 13 is done by the use of the threeway valve 24 and the decompression of gases in hopper 12 is done by the three-way valve 25.
  • the four-way valve 26 does the same work for rotary extractors 14 and 15.
  • FIG. 6 shows a diagram of the loading system in M, with the materials conveyor in 8, or a skip-car, 9 is a two-way weir feeder, l0 and 11 the upper tightness swing-valves, one being open when the other is shut, 12 and 13 two hoppers, one being loaded when the other is unloading into the blast-furnace, l4 and 15 the rotary extractors, one being stopped when the other is functioning, 16 and 17 the lower tightness swingvalves, the first shut when the second is open.
  • the rotary distributor 18 with its single weir pipe 19 unloads materials into the throat 22 of the blast-furnace. So when a set of elements 10, 12, l4, 16 is at the stage of loading materials into the hopper, the other set of elements 11, 13, 15 and 17 is loading the blast-furnace.
  • FIG. 7 represents a diagram of the loading system in 2M with the same references as previously in FIG. 6, with the same symbols and remarks for its functioning; the staggered parallel system of the 2 groups of 2 assemblies can be varied, according to the need of the blast-furnace job.
  • FIG. 8 diagram represents the loading system as 3M with the same references and the same symbols as in FIG. 6. This schematic view is aimed at showing the engineering of 2M and 3M systems from the 1M system,
  • FIG. 9 is a section view of loading system equipments for 2M, in which the double rotary distributor 27 is mainly shown because all the other elements drawn in FIG. 5 would only have added confusion to the understanding of the whole, if they had been shown. Then to understand fully the system 2M, one must by looking at FIG. 5 and at FIG. 7, and complete the FIG. 9 by drawing the four hoppers and other elements, or even better build a small model, with two weir pipes.
  • FIG. 10 shows a vertical section view of the lower equipments in loading system 3M, with 28 as a triple rotary distributor and three weir pipes.
  • the arrows show the outflow of materials, and one of the circuits stands at stage compression-decompression of the 2 sets of materials hoppers.
  • the preceding remarks for FIG. 9 also applies to FIG. 10.
  • a blast-furnace and loading system therefor comprising:
  • a blast-furnace having upright walls and an upper throat area
  • a loading system including a rotary distributor having a plurality of weir pipes extending into said 'throat area;
  • each of said weir pipes having a discharge opening, said discharge openings being disposed in radially staggered relationship relative to each other, the radially outermost discharge opening being spaced radially inwardly from said furnace walls a substantial distance;
  • said loading system may spread a plurality of different materials and may give to the materials in the blast-furnace a profile having a cross-section with a plural M configuration.
  • said rotary distributor includes a plurality of concentrically disposed spouts, each spout communicating with one of said weir pipes;
  • a loading system for a blast-furnace comprising:
  • each of which includes a pair of material hoppers communicating with said rotary distributor and a pair of valve means, each valve means being disposed between one of said hoppers and said rotary distributor;
  • one valve means of each pair blocking communication between one of said hoppers of said pair and one rotary distributor while the other valve of said pair is open, whereby one hopper may be filled while the other is discharged, whereby alternate filling and discharge of said pair of hoppers of each set effects a substantially continuous feeding of material into the blast furnace without loss of pressure.
  • a loading system as recited in claim 5 including three of said sets, three rotary distributors and three weir pipes, each weir pipe communicating with one of said rotary distributors, said weir pipes being disposed in a staggered parallel relationship.
  • each of said sets further comprises:
  • each swing valve being associated with one of said hoppers of said pair for opening and closing communication between said feeding duct and said pair of hoppers of each set;
  • a pair of rotary extractors each of which is disposed between one hopper of said pair and one rotary distributor for controlling the flow of material from each hopper of said pair when its associated valve means is open.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
US00203996A 1970-12-04 1971-12-02 Loading system for blast-furnace Expired - Lifetime US3799368A (en)

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FR7043833A FR2116298B1 (ja) 1970-12-04 1970-12-04

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US (1) US3799368A (ja)
DE (1) DE2159931A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2116298B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1378165A (ja)
LU (1) LU64402A1 (ja)
PL (1) PL89653B1 (ja)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4405340A (en) * 1980-09-02 1983-09-20 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for charging solid fuels into a fixed-bed gasifier
US4913406A (en) * 1986-08-26 1990-04-03 Kawasaki Steel Corp. Shaft furnace having means for charging and adjusting a pre-mixture of ore and coke
US5082108A (en) * 1989-07-20 1992-01-21 Simplimatic Engineering Company Modular conveyor beam and method of assembly therefor
US6210155B1 (en) * 1997-05-30 2001-04-03 Paul Wurth, S.A. Charging device for a rotary hearth furnace
US6580744B1 (en) * 1999-06-25 2003-06-17 Zimmermann & Jansen Gmbh Feed device for a shaft furnace
US20040099094A1 (en) * 2000-09-22 2004-05-27 Kastner Rainer Walter Method and device for producing a static bed
US6800113B2 (en) * 2001-06-28 2004-10-05 Startec Iron Llc Equipment for distribution and feeding of charge and fuel in shaft furnaces of rectangular cross section
EP1500888A1 (de) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-26 Z & J Technologies GmbH Einrichtung zur Verteilung von Schüttgut in wenigstens zwei oberhalb der Gicht eines Hochofens angeordnete Bunker
US20080193261A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2008-08-14 Eugen Dan Cristea Device for Selectively Dispensing Limestone for a Regenerating Oven and Process for Selectively Loading Limestone in a Regenerating Oven Using Such Device
US20130020745A1 (en) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 Wen Yuan Chang Automatic continuous feeding device of metallurgical furnace
CN108950114A (zh) * 2018-09-14 2018-12-07 柳州钢铁股份有限公司 高炉精准布焦炭方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5910963B2 (ja) * 1980-05-30 1984-03-13 川崎製鉄株式会社 高炉操業方法
DE4090997T1 (de) * 1989-06-10 1991-08-29 September 27 Research Inst Ofen fuer die kalziumkarbidherstellung nach dem sauerstoffwaermeverfahren
DE4445845C2 (de) * 1994-12-22 1996-10-31 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Begichtungsanlage für Schachtöfen, insbesondere Hochöfen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE440746C (de) * 1927-02-12 Albert Eberhard Mechanische Beschickungsvorrichtung fuer Schachtoefen
US2113015A (en) * 1934-01-09 1938-04-05 Koppers Co Inc Feeding arrangement for gas producers
US2573492A (en) * 1949-05-19 1951-10-30 Modern Equipment Co Deflector for cupolas
US2654594A (en) * 1948-11-17 1953-10-06 Somogyi Francis Paul Operation of vertical shaft furnaces
US3693812A (en) * 1969-07-31 1972-09-26 Wurth Anciens Ets Paul Furnace charging apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE440746C (de) * 1927-02-12 Albert Eberhard Mechanische Beschickungsvorrichtung fuer Schachtoefen
US2113015A (en) * 1934-01-09 1938-04-05 Koppers Co Inc Feeding arrangement for gas producers
US2654594A (en) * 1948-11-17 1953-10-06 Somogyi Francis Paul Operation of vertical shaft furnaces
US2573492A (en) * 1949-05-19 1951-10-30 Modern Equipment Co Deflector for cupolas
US3693812A (en) * 1969-07-31 1972-09-26 Wurth Anciens Ets Paul Furnace charging apparatus

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4405340A (en) * 1980-09-02 1983-09-20 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for charging solid fuels into a fixed-bed gasifier
US4913406A (en) * 1986-08-26 1990-04-03 Kawasaki Steel Corp. Shaft furnace having means for charging and adjusting a pre-mixture of ore and coke
US5082108A (en) * 1989-07-20 1992-01-21 Simplimatic Engineering Company Modular conveyor beam and method of assembly therefor
US6210155B1 (en) * 1997-05-30 2001-04-03 Paul Wurth, S.A. Charging device for a rotary hearth furnace
US6580744B1 (en) * 1999-06-25 2003-06-17 Zimmermann & Jansen Gmbh Feed device for a shaft furnace
US7470310B2 (en) * 2000-09-22 2008-12-30 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Method and device for producing a static bed
US20040099094A1 (en) * 2000-09-22 2004-05-27 Kastner Rainer Walter Method and device for producing a static bed
US6800113B2 (en) * 2001-06-28 2004-10-05 Startec Iron Llc Equipment for distribution and feeding of charge and fuel in shaft furnaces of rectangular cross section
EP1500888A1 (de) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-26 Z & J Technologies GmbH Einrichtung zur Verteilung von Schüttgut in wenigstens zwei oberhalb der Gicht eines Hochofens angeordnete Bunker
US20080193261A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2008-08-14 Eugen Dan Cristea Device for Selectively Dispensing Limestone for a Regenerating Oven and Process for Selectively Loading Limestone in a Regenerating Oven Using Such Device
US20110070150A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2011-03-24 Eugen Dan Cristea Device for Selectively Dispensing Limestone for a Regenerating Oven and Process for Selectively Loading Limestone in a Regenerating Oven Using Such Device
US8360709B2 (en) 2005-04-07 2013-01-29 Eugen Dan Cristea Device for selectively dispensing limestone for a regenerating oven and process for selectively loading limestone in a regenerating oven using such device
US20130020745A1 (en) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 Wen Yuan Chang Automatic continuous feeding device of metallurgical furnace
CN108950114A (zh) * 2018-09-14 2018-12-07 柳州钢铁股份有限公司 高炉精准布焦炭方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1378165A (en) 1974-12-27
DE2159931A1 (de) 1972-06-08
LU64402A1 (ja) 1972-06-19
PL89653B1 (ja) 1976-12-31
FR2116298A1 (ja) 1972-07-13
FR2116298B1 (ja) 1974-05-24

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