US3777736A - Transporter for substantially germfree transport of big living organisms - Google Patents

Transporter for substantially germfree transport of big living organisms Download PDF

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Publication number
US3777736A
US3777736A US00124767A US3777736DA US3777736A US 3777736 A US3777736 A US 3777736A US 00124767 A US00124767 A US 00124767A US 3777736D A US3777736D A US 3777736DA US 3777736 A US3777736 A US 3777736A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
distributing box
air distributing
fan
curtain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00124767A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Bossers
F Kruiswijk
Der Waaij D Van
H Erkelens
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Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Original Assignee
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of US3777736A publication Critical patent/US3777736A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G3/00—Ambulance aspects of vehicles; Vehicles with special provisions for transporting patients or disabled persons, or their personal conveyances, e.g. for facilitating access of, or for loading, wheelchairs
    • A61G3/008—Ventilation, sterilisation or air conditioning aspects
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G10/00—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes
    • A61G10/02—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes with artificial climate; with means to maintain a desired pressure, e.g. for germ-free rooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G11/00—Baby-incubators; Couveuses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G11/00—Baby-incubators; Couveuses
    • A61G11/009—Baby-incubators; Couveuses with hand insertion windows, e.g. in the walls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/29—Air curtains

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transporter for substantially ger'mfree conveying big living rganisms, in particular a germfree stretcher for serious cases.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION comes from hepa (high efficiency particulate air) filters into the'ceiling or a side-wall and passes by the room in the laminar flow before it disappears through discharge openings or grids in the floor or in an opposite side-wall.
  • the velocity of the air in the clean room is morethan 45 cm per second and the filters retain 99.97 percent of all particles bigger than 0.3 microns, so'that practically all bacteria are retained and cannot penetrate any more from the discharge openings either.
  • Transporters for conveying dead bodies are known in the art. They contain a space filled and completely closed from a clean room. Then it can be rolled to an other clean room and opened there. This cannot be done with big living organisms in such a relatively small space, because this space cannot be closed without drawbacks for the living organisms inside. Therefore, according to the invention a transport device is provided with an air-conditioned space.
  • the airconditioning equipment according to the principle of laminar flow is, during conveyance, operating preferably on a power source of its own.
  • the space in the transporter is quite small, yet a relatively large entrance should allow of being closed and opened, a different laminar flow occurs in the space when it is in the open state and a modification in the flows occurs upon opening and closing. Owing to this, bacteria might come into the space through the entrance, which must be prevented.
  • this device is provided with an adjustable air-conditioning equipment that preferably is coupled with the mechanism for opening and closing.
  • the air-conditioning equipment according to the invention is preferably subdivided in a part that operates individually on a power source of its own and a larger other part whose power source is situated outside the device and is connected during the stationary position.
  • the fan or fans with their driven gear(s) and prefilters, if any, and damping-rooms, if any, of the airconditioning equipment are provided in the base of the device and according to the invention
  • four of the five walls of the space can be formed by the inner-walls of a horizontal distributing-box over the fans and of two channels, inclining upwards, at the ends of the distributing-box and the bottom-wall of a horizontal distributing-chamber, which is connected to the channels and in which the hepa filters are provided.
  • the opening must be provided at a long side-wall, whereas the opposite long side-wall of the room is formed by a transparent flexible plastics screen in which sleeves with gloves are provided for handling the patient when bringing him in and taking him out.
  • the entrance to the space should be closed with a hanging folding-curtain.
  • the inner side is, both in the closed and the open position, exclusively exposed to the laminar flow in the space and never comes into contact with the outer side, while the air is always able to flow out below the bottom edge.
  • the transport-isolator After the inside of the transport-isolator has been sterilized, it can be rolled in closed position into an operating-theater and after it has been opened the patient can be placed from the operating-table into the space, whereafter closing is effected and conveying can begin.
  • the exterior of the device need not be made germfree, however, if in the wall of the operatingtheatre there is a passageway, which opens into the open air and which corresponds with the entrance to the space in the transporter. The same holds true for taking the patient out in a sick-room or a tent-shaped bed-arrangement.
  • conveying need not be effected by nursing-staff dressed in sterile cap and gown, whereas nevertheless uponbringing the patient in and taking him out, with the aid of sleeves and gloves, built into the flexible side-wall, help can be offered from the outside to staff, in the clean room, operating-theatre or sick-room, which has been dressed in sterile cap and gown.
  • FIG. -1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a stretcher-shaped transporter according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a variant of the same embodiment.
  • a frame 1 of the device is mounted on four castor-wheels 2, which in the same way as with a hospital-bed, can rotate around vertical shafts and can be blocked so as to obtain a fixed position.
  • Frame 1 has dimensions that as regards length and breadth correspond with the hospital bed.
  • the height of the device is, however, determined by the dimensions of the door openings that have to be passed.
  • a carrying-plate 3 is provided and upon it a mattress can be placed on which a patient is laid down.
  • a fan 4 with motor 5 is arranged, which is fed from a battery 6 or an other independent power source.
  • this fan 4 By the side of this fan 4 a second bigger fan 7 with motor 8 is mounted, but this is fed from a wall-socket via an insulated wire 9.
  • the second fan 7 can only be put into operation when the transporter is stopped near a wall-socket.
  • fans 4 and 7 are provided with damping-rooms l0 and pre-filters, if desired.
  • the fans discharge into a horizontal distributing-box 11 under carrying-plate 3.
  • flat channels 12 and 13 are connected, which bend around carrying-plate 3 and incline upwards as head-walls to a horizontal distributing-chamber 14 over carrying-plate 3. Owing to the supply from both ends out of channels 12 and 13, the distribution of air in distributing-chamber 14 is particularly even.
  • the bottom of this distributing-chamber 14 is formed by a number of hepa filters 15, from which a laminar flow of germfree air, directed downward, flows into a space 16 over carrying-plate 3.
  • space 16 is closed by a transparent flexible plastic screen 17, which is provided with four sleeves with gloves 18.
  • Screen 17 fits airtight to the back edge of carrying-plate 3 and is connected airtight with the inner wall of ditributing-box 11 as well as the inner walls of channel 12 and 13, which are inclined upward, and the bottom-wall of distributing-chamber 14.
  • Space 16 is completely determined by the said walls ofthe air-conditioning equipment and by screen 17 and consequently is in connection with the atmosphere only at its front.
  • the switching on and off of the fan motors can be effected by switch devices that are operated either by the curtain itself or from the driving mechanism of the curtain, if it is not manually pulled up, or from a programmation of the device, with push buttons or the like.
  • the transporter made germfree, is rolled into the operating-theatre right to the patient and insulated wire 9 is connected again to a wall-socket.
  • curtain 19 must be pulled up the bigger fan 7 is switched on, as a result of which a maximum inflow of air is effected in space 16 and no bacteria can force their way into it through the entrance.
  • the patient is laid into space 16 and in doing so the sleeves with gloves 18 can be used in order to lay the patient down in the proper way.
  • curtain 19 is closed and the bigger fan is switched off, while smaller fan 4 is put into operation from its own power source, battery 6.
  • the amount of germfree air the smaller fan produces is sufficient to maintain a completely laminar inflow in space 16 and the air flows out in the slit between curtain 19 and bent front edge 20 of carrying-plate 3 at a level that is considerably lower than the patient and at a velocity that is high enough so as to prevent germs from entering through the slit and low enough so as not to cause any trouble.
  • insulated wire 9 can be disconnected and conveying can begin.
  • insulated wire 9 is again connected to a wall-socket and the curtain can be pulled up again by switching on bigger fan 7.
  • the curtain has been opened completely the patient is taken out of space 16 and transferred to a bed, gloves 18 again being used if required.
  • the transporter can be arranged at the outside of the operating-theater with its entrance in front of the passageway.
  • the passageway can be opened.
  • the patient can be brought in by nursing-staff in the operating-theatre, dressed in sterile cap and gown, transporting-staff that has not been dressed in sterile cap and gown being enabled to assist from the outside, without further precautions, with the aid of gloves 18. Consequently the exterior of the device need not have been made germfree, whereas conveying nevertheless takes place germfree.
  • one fan 4 will suffice that operates on an adjustable motor 5' at a small capacity as illustrated in FIG. 2, it is fed by the power source of its own (that is, by the battery 6) and at a great capacity it is fed by a main line from the outside. Nevertheless two fans, each with a motor of its own, are preferred because in the event of disturbances then always one of the two can be put into action.
  • the transporter can be provided in a manner known in the art with electric switches and locking means, which ensure that the various operations can take place in the order required without any mistakes being made.
  • a transporter for conveying large living organism under sterile conditions comprising:
  • said means including a first horizontally disposed longitudinally extending air distributing box, spaced apart air channels connected to and extending upward from the ends of said first air distributing box and forming head walls, a second air distributing box overlying and in spaced relationship to said first air distributing boxand being disposed generally parallel thereto, said second air distributing box having a plurality of hepa filters forming a lower wall in said distributing box, said second air distributing box being connected to said air channels, and a first longitudinally extending side wall connected to said first and second air distributing boxes and to said air channels at first side edges thereof;
  • an air conditioning device supported on said frame below said first air distributing box, said device having a self-contained, first electrical energy source supported by said frame, fan means connected to said first air distributing box, first means for connecting said first source to said fan means for selectively operating the latter at a relatively low output, second means for connecting an external, second electrical energy source to said fan means for selectively operating the latter at a relatively high output, whereby, when said fan means are operated, air can be circulated through said first air distributing box to said air channels and said second air distributing box, and then through said hepa filters into the substantially enclosed space.
  • said fan means include a first fan with a first motor connected thereto and a second fan with a second motor connected thereto, said first motor selectively connected to said first source by said first means and said second motor selectively connected to said second source by said second means.
  • said first side wall is a transparent flexible plastic screen having a plurality of openings therethrough, and further comprising glove means connected to said screen at the openings and extending into the substantially enclosed space.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
  • Pediatric Medicine (AREA)
  • Pregnancy & Childbirth (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
US00124767A 1970-03-16 1971-03-16 Transporter for substantially germfree transport of big living organisms Expired - Lifetime US3777736A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7003728A NL7003728A (de) 1970-03-16 1970-03-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3777736A true US3777736A (en) 1973-12-11

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US00124767A Expired - Lifetime US3777736A (en) 1970-03-16 1971-03-16 Transporter for substantially germfree transport of big living organisms

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3777736A (de)
AT (1) AT311547B (de)
BE (1) BE764264A (de)
CH (1) CH536739A (de)
DE (1) DE2112505A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2084647A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1308583A (de)
NL (1) NL7003728A (de)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3944405A (en) * 1972-11-24 1976-03-16 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzook Ten Behoeve Van De Volksgezondheid Down-flow chamber
US4202676A (en) * 1978-07-31 1980-05-13 Raymond Fink Safety enclosure
US4275719A (en) * 1979-03-30 1981-06-30 Nathan Mayer Apparatus and method for providing an aseptic surgical environment
FR2611490A1 (fr) * 1987-02-23 1988-09-09 Bailly Jean Systeme de sustentation sur coussin d'air pour personnes alitees
US4964899A (en) * 1988-05-02 1990-10-23 Griffis Steven C Apparatus for transporting a person from a contaminated area to a decontamination facility
US5083558A (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-01-28 Thomas William R Mobile surgical compartment with micro filtered laminar air flow
US5277654A (en) * 1992-10-08 1994-01-11 John's Insulation, Inc. Method and apparatus for protectively transporting contaminated personnel and the like
US5425793A (en) * 1992-02-13 1995-06-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Coupling-type clean space apparatus
US5730777A (en) * 1993-07-16 1998-03-24 Peter Mosborg Peterson Method and apparatus for performing operations
US5730765A (en) * 1996-04-10 1998-03-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Super toxic analytical glove box system
WO2009049875A1 (de) * 2007-10-15 2009-04-23 Lmt Lammers Medical Technology Gmbh Antriebseinrichtung für den lüfter eines in einen mr-tomografen einbringbaren geräts
US8007351B1 (en) * 2005-05-16 2011-08-30 Maloney Raymond C Mobile personnel bio isolation device and method for protecting the interior of an ambulance from contamination
WO2015022596A1 (pt) * 2013-08-15 2015-02-19 Cinn - Consultoria E Comércio De Equipamentos Hospitalares Ltda - Epp Leito com isolamento da contaminação ambiental, e temperatura controlada
USD737871S1 (en) 2013-07-23 2015-09-01 Panasonic Healthcare Holdings, Co., Ltd. Draft chamber
CN108013975A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2018-05-11 北京市汇龙新技术有限公司 一种战地伤员转运车
US10538001B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2020-01-21 Intech Defense, Llc Methods and systems for providing protection against harmful materials
USD897613S1 (en) * 2016-07-21 2020-09-29 AUTO ELEX Co., LTD Incubator for animal

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2753911C2 (de) * 1977-12-03 1979-09-06 Helmut Dr. Hess Thermo-Rettungskapsel
JPH074211B2 (ja) * 1987-01-21 1995-01-25 実男 稲垣 無菌食品加工装置
US6973997B2 (en) * 2000-03-31 2005-12-13 Leonard Bloom Pollution containment apparatus for making a penetration in a ceiling or wall of a building or other structure
WO2001085088A1 (en) * 2000-05-10 2001-11-15 Trudeau Institute, Inc. Flow cytometer safety cabinet
CN103395074B (zh) * 2013-07-31 2015-09-30 上海千山远东制药机械有限公司 一种特殊环境用充电式载人洁净移动小车
CN113876510B (zh) * 2020-12-21 2022-08-30 江苏巨胜智能传动科技有限公司 一种隔离式传染病防护罩及进排气结构

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3151929A (en) * 1961-02-13 1964-10-06 Union Carbide Corp Aseptic air isolation apparatus
US3272199A (en) * 1965-01-28 1966-09-13 Matthews Res Inc Process and assembly for enclosing a volume
US3277638A (en) * 1964-01-17 1966-10-11 Envirco Inc Ultraclean enclosure
US3356006A (en) * 1965-10-18 1967-12-05 Robert D Scott Clean room structure
US3511162A (en) * 1969-02-20 1970-05-12 Johnson & Johnson Apparatus and method for isolating a patient zone
US3553911A (en) * 1968-10-17 1971-01-12 Robert C Morrow Compartment for the temporary use of travelers
US3601031A (en) * 1969-09-22 1971-08-24 Litton Systems Inc Patient isolator room
US3626837A (en) * 1970-02-13 1971-12-14 Chs Ind Inc Dual plenum for ventilating ceilings in clean rooms

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3151929A (en) * 1961-02-13 1964-10-06 Union Carbide Corp Aseptic air isolation apparatus
US3277638A (en) * 1964-01-17 1966-10-11 Envirco Inc Ultraclean enclosure
US3272199A (en) * 1965-01-28 1966-09-13 Matthews Res Inc Process and assembly for enclosing a volume
US3356006A (en) * 1965-10-18 1967-12-05 Robert D Scott Clean room structure
US3553911A (en) * 1968-10-17 1971-01-12 Robert C Morrow Compartment for the temporary use of travelers
US3511162A (en) * 1969-02-20 1970-05-12 Johnson & Johnson Apparatus and method for isolating a patient zone
US3601031A (en) * 1969-09-22 1971-08-24 Litton Systems Inc Patient isolator room
US3626837A (en) * 1970-02-13 1971-12-14 Chs Ind Inc Dual plenum for ventilating ceilings in clean rooms

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Boyd Agnew Laminar/Flow Clean Room Handbook Agnew Higgins dated 1/21/66 page 66. *

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3944405A (en) * 1972-11-24 1976-03-16 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzook Ten Behoeve Van De Volksgezondheid Down-flow chamber
US4202676A (en) * 1978-07-31 1980-05-13 Raymond Fink Safety enclosure
US4275719A (en) * 1979-03-30 1981-06-30 Nathan Mayer Apparatus and method for providing an aseptic surgical environment
FR2611490A1 (fr) * 1987-02-23 1988-09-09 Bailly Jean Systeme de sustentation sur coussin d'air pour personnes alitees
US4964899A (en) * 1988-05-02 1990-10-23 Griffis Steven C Apparatus for transporting a person from a contaminated area to a decontamination facility
US5083558A (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-01-28 Thomas William R Mobile surgical compartment with micro filtered laminar air flow
US5425793A (en) * 1992-02-13 1995-06-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Coupling-type clean space apparatus
US5277654A (en) * 1992-10-08 1994-01-11 John's Insulation, Inc. Method and apparatus for protectively transporting contaminated personnel and the like
US5730777A (en) * 1993-07-16 1998-03-24 Peter Mosborg Peterson Method and apparatus for performing operations
US5730765A (en) * 1996-04-10 1998-03-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Super toxic analytical glove box system
US8007351B1 (en) * 2005-05-16 2011-08-30 Maloney Raymond C Mobile personnel bio isolation device and method for protecting the interior of an ambulance from contamination
WO2009049875A1 (de) * 2007-10-15 2009-04-23 Lmt Lammers Medical Technology Gmbh Antriebseinrichtung für den lüfter eines in einen mr-tomografen einbringbaren geräts
US10538001B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2020-01-21 Intech Defense, Llc Methods and systems for providing protection against harmful materials
USD737871S1 (en) 2013-07-23 2015-09-01 Panasonic Healthcare Holdings, Co., Ltd. Draft chamber
WO2015022596A1 (pt) * 2013-08-15 2015-02-19 Cinn - Consultoria E Comércio De Equipamentos Hospitalares Ltda - Epp Leito com isolamento da contaminação ambiental, e temperatura controlada
USD897613S1 (en) * 2016-07-21 2020-09-29 AUTO ELEX Co., LTD Incubator for animal
CN108013975A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2018-05-11 北京市汇龙新技术有限公司 一种战地伤员转运车
CN108013975B (zh) * 2017-12-25 2023-10-03 北京市汇龙新技术有限公司 一种战地伤员转运车

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1308583A (en) 1973-02-21
DE2112505A1 (de) 1971-10-07
NL7003728A (de) 1971-09-20
FR2084647A5 (de) 1971-12-17
AT311547B (de) 1973-11-26
CH536739A (de) 1973-05-15
BE764264A (nl) 1971-09-15

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