US3774893A - Steel making converter - Google Patents

Steel making converter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3774893A
US3774893A US00101637A US3774893DA US3774893A US 3774893 A US3774893 A US 3774893A US 00101637 A US00101637 A US 00101637A US 3774893D A US3774893D A US 3774893DA US 3774893 A US3774893 A US 3774893A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzles
converter
longitudinal axis
melt
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00101637A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Knuppel
K Brotzmann
G Fassbinder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eisenwerke Gesellschaf Maximilianshuette mbH
Original Assignee
Eisenwerke Gesellschaf Maximilianshuette mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691965057 external-priority patent/DE1965057C/de
Application filed by Eisenwerke Gesellschaf Maximilianshuette mbH filed Critical Eisenwerke Gesellschaf Maximilianshuette mbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3774893A publication Critical patent/US3774893A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/34—Blowing through the bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/48—Bottoms or tuyéres of converters

Definitions

  • a bottom-blow converter for-use in refining pig iron to make steel comprises a steel jacket with a refractory lining and an inserted bottom containing blowing Foreign Application Priority Data nozzles.
  • Each of the blowing nozzles is arranged to Dec. 27, 1969 Germany P 19 65 057.8 blow a jet of oxygen surrounded by a sheath of jacket gas into themelt.
  • the nozzles are all circumferentially [52] U.S.'C1.
  • This process has been applied on a large scale recently and has made it possible for the first time to revfine pig iron in a bottom blow converter using pure oxygen, to make steel.
  • the particular advantages of the process are that very little iron is burnt away, and consequently very little brown smoke is produced.
  • the process can be controlled extremely precisely. It can be used for refining either Basic Bessemer steel or steel-making pig iron. To obtain low sulphur and low phosphorus contents in the steel, lime dust can be added to the jet of oxygen. In all cases the steel coritains very little nitrogen. A further advantage of the process is that the converter has'its working life considerably extended. The process is therefore very economical.
  • the pure oxygen is utilised very efficientlyf considerably raising the temperature of the melt during the process of refining.
  • the blow periods may be shorter than they are in comparable processes.
  • the proportion of scrap which may be added to the charge is increased, thus increasing the output of the converter.
  • the process in accordance with our prior Application is preferably effected in a converter in which a major part of the converter bottom is free from nozzles, the nozzles being installed mainly on one side of the bottom.
  • This produces a positively directed circulation of the melt, the gases issuing from the nozzles giving a gas lift effect, so that the melt rises vertically, .is deflected downwards again at its surface and then moves downwards towards the part of the converter bottom free from nozzles.
  • a continuous circulation of the melt thus takes place, the melt circulating about a horizontal axis, that is an axis normal to the longitudinal axis of the converter.
  • the melt and slag are well mixed together, concentration equilibrium is rapidly obtained and the diffusion paths are short.
  • the object of the present invention is to prevent the splashing out of slag which may occur during the last phase of the refinement in the process described and claimed in our prior Application.
  • the melt is caused to circulate both about the longitudinal axis of the converter and about a horizontal axis normal to the Ill 2 longitudinal axis, the movement of the melt being the resultant of these two components'ofmovement;
  • the additional component of movement of the melt may best be provided by using a converter which, in accordance with another aspect of the invention includes a steel jacket with a refractory lining and an inserted bottom with blowing nozzles each arranged to blow a jet of oxygen surrounded by a sheath of jacket gas,'the nozzles all being circumferentially inclined in the same direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of the converter.
  • the nozzles Preferably all the nozzles have their axes-inclined at the same angle of for example l5to a plane containing the longitudinal axis of the converter and intersecting the nozzle axis.
  • An excellent circulation of the melt is obtained by ar: ranging the outlet openings of the n'ozzles on an'arc of a circle,.preferably on a semi-circle, centered on the longitudinal axis of the converter.
  • converter of this kind is in the form of a body of rotation.
  • the nozzles are'usually arranged in a row along-the'diameter of the converter bottom extending parallel toits tipping axis.
  • the outlet openings of the nozzles are arranged in two parallel rows one on each side of the longitudinal axis of the converter.
  • the nozzles need not necessarily all be inclined at the same angle with respect to the converter axis, on the contrary, it may in some cases be preferable to give the nozzles nearer to the converter longitudinal axis a lesser inclination and the nozzles further away a greater inclination with respect to the axis, because the nozzles further away from the converter axis are more effective in producing the desired horizontal component of circulation of the melt.
  • FIG. 1 is a horizontal cross-section through one example of the converter asseen in the direction of' the arrows on the line I I in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical section through the first example as seen in the direction of the arrows on the line II II in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a horizontal section through the second example of the converter as seen in the direction of the line III III in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 3A is a simialr view showing a modification drawing.
  • the converter has an inserted bottom 8 mounted on a detachable bottom plate 7.
  • the longitudinal axis of the converter is indicated at 1 1.
  • the bottom has a number of nozzles 10 each arranged to blow a jet of oxygen surrounded by a sheath of jacket gas.
  • the gases are supplied from annular feeders, that for the oxygen having the reference numeral 9.
  • the nozzles are all inclined circumferentially to give the melt in the converter a rotation about the longitudinal axis 11, that is to say the longitudinal axis of each nozzle lies at an angle to a vertical radial plane which contains the converter longitudinal axis 11 and intersects the nozzle axis.
  • the inclination of the nozzles, that is to say the angle formed with this plane is preferably 15.
  • the outlet openings 14 of the nozzles 10 are situated on a semi-circular are 15.
  • the slanting attitudes of the nozzles ensure that the melt in the converter is given a rotation in the direction of the arrows 16.
  • This rotary motion is superposed on a vertical circulation about a horizontal axis normal to the axis 1 1, represented by the arrow 17.
  • the rotatary motion of the molten metal and slag about the axis 11 prevents foaming and splashing.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 which is symmetrical, that is to say a body of rotation, so that it can be tipped in either direction to empty it, there are nozzles with outlet openings 21 arranged in two rows 18 which are parallel but staggered with respect to each other.
  • the lower ends of the two rows of nozzles are situated on both sides of a central gas manifold 24 for supplying oxygen and there are two manifolds for supplying jacket gas.
  • All the nozzles have the same circumferential inclination, that is to say they all lie at the same angle to a vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis 1 1 and intersecting the axes of the two rows of nozzles symmetrically.
  • the two rows of nozzles slant in opposite directions thus causing melt in the converter to circulate as indicated by the arrow 27, about the longitudinal axis.
  • This movement in the melt is superimposed on a vertical circulation about a horizontal axis normal to the axis 11 represented by the arrows 25, 26.
  • the velocity of movement in the melt is determined by the slopes of the nozzles 20, by the depth of melt in. the converter and by the gas pressures forcing the oxygen and jacket gas through the nozzles. By adjusting the gas feed presures it is possible to control the velocity of horizontal movement in the melt.
  • the nozzles nearer to the convertor longitudianl axis have a lesser inclination and the nozzles further away have a greater inclination with respect to the axis, because the nozzles further away from the convertor axis are more effective in producing the desired horizontal rotational component of circulation of the melt, as noted above.
  • the process in accordance with the present invention possesses all the advantages of the process described in our prior Application. Moreover the process in accordance with the present invention can be controlled so that no splash-out occurs, even when the slag composition and melt temperature are particularly unfavourable from this point of view.
  • a bottom-blow converter for refining a bath of pig iron to make steel, said converter including a symmetrical steel jacket, a refractory lining in said steel jacket, an inserted bottom in said jacket and a plurality of blowing nozzles in said inserted bottom each of said nozzles having means defining two concentric passages, whereby each of said nozzles is adapted in use to blow a jet of oxygen surrounded by a sheath of protective fluid into said bath, the improvement wherein all of said nozzles are inclined in the same direction with respect to the longitudinal central axis of said converter, wherein each of said nozzles includes means defining an outlet opening and said outlet openings of all said nozzles are arranged in two parallel rows, one row being situated on each side of said longitudinal axis and extending parallel to the tilting axis of the converter and the nozzles nearer to said longitudinal axis have a relatively lesser inclination and the nozzles further away from said axis have a greater inclination with respect to

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
US00101637A 1969-12-27 1970-12-28 Steel making converter Expired - Lifetime US3774893A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691965057 DE1965057C (de) 1969-12-27 Konverter zum Frischen von Roheisen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3774893A true US3774893A (en) 1973-11-27

Family

ID=5755077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00101637A Expired - Lifetime US3774893A (en) 1969-12-27 1970-12-28 Steel making converter

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3774893A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (2) JPS5217806B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE760834R (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2073501B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1296919A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT944546B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU (1) LU62321A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL155595B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2202162A1 (en) * 1972-10-06 1974-05-03 Uddeholms Ab Decarburising converter linings wear reduction - for decarburising molten masses with high chrome contents, esp. stainless steel
DE4211598C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1992-04-07 1993-01-14 Oesterreichische Magnesit Ag, Radenthein, Kaernten, At

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US520631A (en) * 1894-05-29 Appaeatus foe smelting and eefining coppee
DE406965C (de) * 1923-08-14 1924-12-09 Fried Krupp Akt Ges Friedrich Behaelter zum Windfrischen
DE567686C (de) * 1931-08-20 1933-01-07 Kloeckner Werke Akt Ges Konverterboden
DE609558C (de) * 1935-02-18 Ver Stahlwerke Akt Ges Vorrichtung zur Windfuehrung in Konvertern
FR1450718A (fr) * 1965-07-12 1966-06-24 Air Liquide Perfectionnements à des procédés métallurgiques
FR2002577A1 (fr) * 1968-02-24 1969-10-17 Maximilianshuette Eisenwerk Procede et convertisseur d affinage de fonte

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US520631A (en) * 1894-05-29 Appaeatus foe smelting and eefining coppee
DE609558C (de) * 1935-02-18 Ver Stahlwerke Akt Ges Vorrichtung zur Windfuehrung in Konvertern
DE406965C (de) * 1923-08-14 1924-12-09 Fried Krupp Akt Ges Friedrich Behaelter zum Windfrischen
DE567686C (de) * 1931-08-20 1933-01-07 Kloeckner Werke Akt Ges Konverterboden
FR1450718A (fr) * 1965-07-12 1966-06-24 Air Liquide Perfectionnements à des procédés métallurgiques
FR2002577A1 (fr) * 1968-02-24 1969-10-17 Maximilianshuette Eisenwerk Procede et convertisseur d affinage de fonte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL155595B (nl) 1978-01-16
NL7018737A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-06-29
IT944546B (it) 1973-04-20
BE760834R (fr) 1971-05-27
JPS5217806B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-05-18
JPS5217805B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-05-18
LU62321A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-05-18
GB1296919A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-22
FR2073501A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-10-01
DE1965057B1 (de) 1972-05-04
SU383317A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-05-25
FR2073501B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-22

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