US3766942A - System for supplying an emulsion of liquid fuel and water to a heating burner - Google Patents

System for supplying an emulsion of liquid fuel and water to a heating burner Download PDF

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Publication number
US3766942A
US3766942A US00148444A US3766942DA US3766942A US 3766942 A US3766942 A US 3766942A US 00148444 A US00148444 A US 00148444A US 3766942D A US3766942D A US 3766942DA US 3766942 A US3766942 A US 3766942A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
valve
emulsion
outlet
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00148444A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Gunthart
A Meissner
C Delatronchette
R Helton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elf Antar France
Original Assignee
Elf Union et Ateliers des Charmilles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3766942A publication Critical patent/US3766942A/en
Assigned to ELF FRANCE reassignment ELF FRANCE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ELF UNION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/08—Preparation of fuel
    • F23K5/10—Mixing with other fluids
    • F23K5/12—Preparing emulsions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2511—Fuel controlled by boiler or water system condition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/85978—With pump
    • Y10T137/86131—Plural

Definitions

  • a part of the burner is connected to discharge to the fuel tank without pressure and the burner is first supplied with liquid fuel alone under pressure so 'as to expel the emulsion which filled the burner when the burner extinguished.
  • the burner filled with liquid fuel alone is ignited and then supplied with the emulsion in accordance with the desired heating rate.
  • the present invention relates to the heating of furnaces, boilers or other apparatuses with an emulsion of light or heavy fuel-oil or other liquid fuel and water by means of an automatic heating burner having one or more heating rates or a variable heating rate.
  • An object of the present invention is to remedy this serious defect.
  • the invention provides a process for supplying an emulsion of liquid fuel and water to a heating burner which permits, in particular, completely reliable ignitions of the burner with no possibility of failure.
  • the process according to the invention comprises employing a burner capable of operating at a low heating rate and at least another higher heating rate and, after a stopping of the normal heating with an emulsion of liquid fuel and water supplied to the burner, connecting at least a part of the burner to the discharge, without pressure, to the source of liquid fuel and supplying the burner with liquid fuel alone under pressure so asto expel the emulsion of fuel and water which filled the burner when the burner extinquished and fill the burner with liquid fuel along with which, after closing the discharge, the burner is re-ignited before resuming the normal supply of the emulsion of liquid fuel and water to the burner in accordance with the desired heating rate.
  • a burner is employed having two jets one of which affords the low heating rate and both of which afford a higher heating rate and the jet which affords the low heating rate is the jet which is connected to the discharge.
  • a burner is employed having a single jet arranged to effect a flow modulation and it is this single jet which is connected to the discharge.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a heating system adapted to carry out the process defined hereinbefore.
  • the heating system comprises, in combination with a burner capable of operating at a low heating rate and at least another higher heating rate: two supply circuits under pressure, a first of said circuit supplying liquid fuel and a second of said circuits supplying water, the first circuit comprising a liquid fuel tank; a mixer producing an emulsion of liquid fuel and water to which the two circuits are connected; a pump having an inlet connected to the mixer and an outlet connected to the burner for delivering the emulsion under pressure; a discharge conduit connecting at least one part of the burner to the liquid fuel tank; and two electrically-operated valves, a first of said valves being inserted in the water circuit on the inlet side of the mixer, a second of said valves being inserted in the discharge conduit of the burner, the first valve being of the type normally closed and the second valve being of the type normally open so that the first valve is closed and the second valve is open when the heating is stopped and the first valve is open and the second valve closed during the heating.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrammatic views, with various devices shown partly in section, of two heating systems according to the invention, these systems being shown with the electrically-operated valves in the positions they occupy after stoppage of the heating and prior to closure of the electrically-operated discharge valve combined with the burner, the latter having two jets in FIG. 1, a single modulating jet in FIG. 2.
  • the system is adapted to heat a furnace or other apparatus A with an emulsion of liquid fuel, in particular a heavy or light fuel-oil, and water by means of a burner B having two jets or nozzles, the jet or nozzle 1 pertaining to the low heating rate and the jet or nozzle 2 pertaining to a higher heating rate and being connected in parallel with the first jet.
  • a burner B having two jets or nozzles, the jet or nozzle 1 pertaining to the low heating rate and the jet or nozzle 2 pertaining to a higher heating rate and being connected in parallel with the first jet.
  • the heating system comprises three circuits, namely:
  • circuit III delivering the liquid fuel alone or an emulsion of fuel and water, this circuit III being shown in thick black line.
  • the two circuits I and II supplying liquid fuel and water respectively are connected to a mixer-emulsifier 3 to which the inlet of a pump 4 is also connected.
  • the pump 4 delivers the emulsion to a circuit 5 which is divided into two branches 5 and 5" connected to the jets l and 2 respectively.
  • the liquid fuel supply circuit 1 connects a tank 6, or other source of liquid fuel at atmospheric pressure, to the mixer-emulsifier 3.
  • a pump 7 has its inlet located adjacent the base of the tank and draws in fuel through a filter 8 and delivers the fuel to a forced-feed loop comprising two conduits 9 and 10 connected by a pressure regulating valve 11 whereby it is possible to maintain in the conduit 9 a given pressure while the conduit 10 of the loop returns fuel to the tank 6 at 12.
  • a liquid fuel heater 13 provided with a drain 14.
  • the outlet of the heater 13 is connected by a conduit 15 to the inlet 16 of the mixer-emulsifier 3.
  • the water supply circuit II connects a water mains 17 under pressure to the mixer-emulsifier 3 in the following manner: connected to the mains 17 is a conduit 18 which leads through a cock 19 to a filter 20 connected to a stabilizing pressure reducing valve 21.
  • the outlet of the valve 21 is connected to two circuits in parallel, namely, a circuit 22 having a low-flow pressure reducing valve 23 and a circuit 24 having therein in series relation an electrically operated valve 25 and a high flow pressure reducing valve 26, the valve 25 is of the type normally closed (it is closed in the absence of current in its coil 27 which has its terminals a and b connected to an electric supply, not shown.
  • the two parallel circuits 22 and 24 are connected to a flowmeter 28 whose outlet is connected to a water heater 29.
  • a relief valve 30 adapted to compensate for or accommodate the expansion of the water in the heater 29.
  • the latter is provided with a drain 31 and a conduit 32 in which is provided a check valve 33 connecting the heater 29 to an electrically operated valve 35 also of the normally closed type (the valve is closed when its coil 36 does not receive at its terminals and d an electric energizing current).
  • the outlet of the valve 35 is connected to the mixer-emulsifier 3 at 37.
  • valve 38 As concerns the circuit III corresponding to the delivery side of the pump 4, there is connected in the conduit 5 which leads to the high heating rate jet an electrically-operated valve 38 of the normally closed type (the coil 39 of the valve opens the valve when it is energized by current supplied to its terminals a and b
  • the valve 38 and the valve 25 can be connected to the same supply terminals of an electric supply system.
  • the branch 5 of the circuit III is directly connectd to the cavity defined by the low heating rate jet 1 but this cavity is connected to the pressure-free branch of the forced-feed loop (9,10) by a conduit 40 in which is inserted an electrically-operated valve 41 of the normally open type (its coil 42 closes the valve when energized by supply of current to the terminals 0 and d).
  • valve 41 can therefore be connected to the same terminals of the supply system as the coil 36 of the valve 35, but, as these valves are operative in opposite directions, in the absence of current valve 35 is closed and valve 41 is open. Valve 35 is open and valve 41 is closed when these valves are supplied with current.
  • the system operates in the following manner:
  • This system is on the whole very similar to the system shown in FIG. 1 and includes the three circuits 1, II and III and the various devices designated by identical reference characters.
  • the liquid fuel supply circuit I is identical to that of the first embodiment. As concerns the water supply circuit II", it does not include a branch connection 24, 25, 26 of the circuit II of the first embodiment.
  • the circuit III has only one conduit 5 connecting the outlet of the pump 4 to the cavity defined by the flow modulating jet 1.
  • the jet 1 is combined with means for modulating the heating rate; they are diagrammatically represented by a conduit 43 connecting the outlet of the jet to the mixer 3 and a pressur regulator 44 is inserted in the conduit 43 and has a modulating control of known type.
  • FIG. 2 operates in a manner similar to the invention shown in FIG. 1.
  • a starting up of the system comprises the following sucessive operations:
  • the rate of flow through the jet 1 is modulated by the pressure regulator 44.
  • a system for supplying an emulsion of liquid fuel and water to a first heating burner nozzle which defines a cavity receiving the emulsion and having an inlet comprising pressurized liquid fuel supply means including a liquid fuel tank, pressurized water supply means emulsifying means having two inlets respectively connected to the fuel supply means and water supply means and an outlet, an a pump having an inlet connected to the outlet of the emulsifying means and an outlet connected to the inlet of the nozzle; the provision of a fuel discharge outlet in the nozzle, a discharge conduit disposed between the outlet of the first nozzle and the tank, a first valve in the conduit, said first valve being in an open position at the start up of the system, a second valve in the water supply means and being in a closed position at the start up of the system, means connected to the first valve and the second valve for substantially simultaneously closing the first valve and opening up the second valve after the pump has been started up, whereby to permit automatically first expelling the fuel and water emulsion from the nozzle cavity
  • the burner further comprises a second nozzle, said first nozzle affording a low rate of heating and said second nozzle affording, in combination with said first nozzle, a high rate of heating, said second nozzle having an emulsion inlet, and second means disposed between said emulsion inlet of the second nozzle and said pump for putting the inlet of the first nozzle and the inlet of the second nozzle in communication with the outlet of the pump.
  • liquid fuel supply means has a second pump with an inlet connected to said tank and an outlet, means connecting the outlet of the second pump to the corresponding inlet of the emulsifying means, a forced-feed loop circuit connecting said outlet of said second pump to said tank, a fuel pressure regulator in said loop circuit, said discharge conduit being connected to said loop circuit be tween said pressure regulator and said tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
US00148444A 1970-06-02 1971-06-01 System for supplying an emulsion of liquid fuel and water to a heating burner Expired - Lifetime US3766942A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7020190A FR2093106A5 (ko) 1970-06-02 1970-06-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3766942A true US3766942A (en) 1973-10-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00148444A Expired - Lifetime US3766942A (en) 1970-06-02 1971-06-01 System for supplying an emulsion of liquid fuel and water to a heating burner

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US3766942A (ko)
JP (1) JPS5210210B1 (ko)
AR (1) AR194821A1 (ko)
BE (1) BE767946A (ko)
CA (1) CA934288A (ko)
CH (1) CH538644A (ko)
DK (1) DK136674B (ko)
ES (1) ES391517A1 (ko)
FR (1) FR2093106A5 (ko)
GB (1) GB1325954A (ko)
HU (1) HU164039B (ko)
LU (1) LU63252A1 (ko)
NL (1) NL168603C (ko)
NO (1) NO128923B (ko)
RO (1) RO61507A (ko)
SE (1) SE389387B (ko)
SU (1) SU396885A3 (ko)
TR (1) TR17084A (ko)
ZA (1) ZA713487B (ko)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3837784A (en) * 1972-05-16 1974-09-24 Elf Union Method for operating modulated burners actuated by an emulsion
US3901644A (en) * 1973-06-11 1975-08-26 Armas G C Burning fuel oil burning system
US3938933A (en) * 1973-06-11 1976-02-17 Armas G C Fuel oil burning method
US3947228A (en) * 1974-02-19 1976-03-30 Gotaverken Angteknik Ab Means for burning a liquid fuel
US3951581A (en) * 1972-06-22 1976-04-20 Mitsui Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. Combustion method of paint waste disposal
US3958915A (en) * 1974-02-15 1976-05-25 The Toyo Rubber Industry Co., Ltd. Method of burning emulsion oils
US4008038A (en) * 1975-09-10 1977-02-15 Columbia Technical Corporation Fuel conditioning apparatus and method
US4014637A (en) * 1976-03-01 1977-03-29 Schena Kenneth R Catalyst generator
US4063871A (en) * 1975-07-22 1977-12-20 Societe Anonyme Automobiles Citroen Boiler burners
US4110973A (en) * 1977-01-24 1978-09-05 Energy Services Inc. Water injection system for industrial gas turbine engine
US4355969A (en) * 1980-05-29 1982-10-26 Fnd Company Electrically charged, emulsified carrier-fuel particle combustion
US4403944A (en) * 1979-10-10 1983-09-13 Pyykkoenen Pentti Auxiliary device for oil burner for mixing water and oil for combustion
DE3418648A1 (de) * 1984-05-18 1985-11-21 TUNAP Industrie Chemie GmbH & Co Produktions KG, 8190 Wolfratshausen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur optimierung der heizoelverbrennung
US4696638A (en) * 1986-07-07 1987-09-29 Denherder Marvin J Oil fuel combustion
US5000757A (en) * 1987-07-28 1991-03-19 British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Preparation and combustion of fuel oil emulsions
EP0848149A3 (de) * 1996-12-13 1999-11-24 Asea Brown Boveri AG Verfahren zur spontanen Leistungserhöhung beim Betrieb einer Kraftwerksanlage
US20040087928A1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2004-05-06 Ducker Paul M. Method of making preformed absorbent cores and absorbent cores produced thereby
WO2004109186A1 (de) * 2003-06-11 2004-12-16 Kraemer Thomas Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reduzierung des öldurchsatzes eines heizkessel- ölbrenners
US20070099135A1 (en) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-03 Frank Schubach Waste oil heater system
US7818969B1 (en) 2009-12-18 2010-10-26 Energyield, Llc Enhanced efficiency turbine
US20120315586A1 (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-13 Gas Technology Institute METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR LOW-NOx DUAL-FUEL COMBUSTION OF LIQUID AND/OR GASEOUS FUELS
US20130097991A1 (en) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-25 General Electric Company System for turbine combustor fuel mixing
US20130104783A1 (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-02 Frederick E. Wallenquest, Jr. Burner assembly and methods thereof

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0009520B1 (en) * 1978-08-09 1983-07-20 R.E. Folland Consultants Inc. Emulsifying system and method for mixing accurate quantities of two or more liquids
FR2438794A1 (fr) * 1978-10-13 1980-05-09 Mat Klockner Appareil de combustion de combustible liquide
WO1982001478A1 (en) * 1980-10-31 1982-05-13 Goeran Bernhardsson A method and a device for mixing and homogenization of a main substance with at least one additive substance,liquids in particular
FR2487048A1 (fr) * 1980-07-17 1982-01-22 Casassus Builhe Andre Dispositif d'alimentation des bruleurs equipant les chaudieres en combustible liquide economique
FR2489170A1 (fr) * 1980-09-01 1982-03-05 Minera Metalurgica Penarroya E Installation pour l'emulsionnement des huiles lourdes
GB2127141B (en) * 1982-09-21 1986-01-02 Derek Harrison Heater system
FR2600755B1 (fr) * 1986-06-26 1990-12-21 Pivernat Thierry Systeme d'alimentation des bruleurs fonctionnant a emulsion fuel-eau

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2033010A (en) * 1930-02-04 1936-03-03 Gas Fuel Corp Process of burning emulsified compounds
US2104311A (en) * 1932-08-23 1938-01-04 Gas Fuel Corp Process for creating high temperatures
US2818110A (en) * 1955-03-24 1957-12-31 Cleaver Brooks Co Oil burner purge method and system
US3358735A (en) * 1966-08-25 1967-12-19 Sun Ray Burner Mfg Corp Fuel burner control system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2033010A (en) * 1930-02-04 1936-03-03 Gas Fuel Corp Process of burning emulsified compounds
US2104311A (en) * 1932-08-23 1938-01-04 Gas Fuel Corp Process for creating high temperatures
US2818110A (en) * 1955-03-24 1957-12-31 Cleaver Brooks Co Oil burner purge method and system
US3358735A (en) * 1966-08-25 1967-12-19 Sun Ray Burner Mfg Corp Fuel burner control system

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3837784A (en) * 1972-05-16 1974-09-24 Elf Union Method for operating modulated burners actuated by an emulsion
US3951581A (en) * 1972-06-22 1976-04-20 Mitsui Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. Combustion method of paint waste disposal
US3901644A (en) * 1973-06-11 1975-08-26 Armas G C Burning fuel oil burning system
US3938933A (en) * 1973-06-11 1976-02-17 Armas G C Fuel oil burning method
US3958915A (en) * 1974-02-15 1976-05-25 The Toyo Rubber Industry Co., Ltd. Method of burning emulsion oils
US3947228A (en) * 1974-02-19 1976-03-30 Gotaverken Angteknik Ab Means for burning a liquid fuel
US4063871A (en) * 1975-07-22 1977-12-20 Societe Anonyme Automobiles Citroen Boiler burners
US4008038A (en) * 1975-09-10 1977-02-15 Columbia Technical Corporation Fuel conditioning apparatus and method
US4116610A (en) * 1975-09-10 1978-09-26 Columbia Chase Corporation Combustion process
US4014637A (en) * 1976-03-01 1977-03-29 Schena Kenneth R Catalyst generator
US4110973A (en) * 1977-01-24 1978-09-05 Energy Services Inc. Water injection system for industrial gas turbine engine
US4403944A (en) * 1979-10-10 1983-09-13 Pyykkoenen Pentti Auxiliary device for oil burner for mixing water and oil for combustion
US4355969A (en) * 1980-05-29 1982-10-26 Fnd Company Electrically charged, emulsified carrier-fuel particle combustion
DE3418648A1 (de) * 1984-05-18 1985-11-21 TUNAP Industrie Chemie GmbH & Co Produktions KG, 8190 Wolfratshausen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur optimierung der heizoelverbrennung
US4696638A (en) * 1986-07-07 1987-09-29 Denherder Marvin J Oil fuel combustion
US5000757A (en) * 1987-07-28 1991-03-19 British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Preparation and combustion of fuel oil emulsions
EP0848149A3 (de) * 1996-12-13 1999-11-24 Asea Brown Boveri AG Verfahren zur spontanen Leistungserhöhung beim Betrieb einer Kraftwerksanlage
US20040087928A1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2004-05-06 Ducker Paul M. Method of making preformed absorbent cores and absorbent cores produced thereby
WO2004109186A1 (de) * 2003-06-11 2004-12-16 Kraemer Thomas Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reduzierung des öldurchsatzes eines heizkessel- ölbrenners
US20070099135A1 (en) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-03 Frank Schubach Waste oil heater system
US7818969B1 (en) 2009-12-18 2010-10-26 Energyield, Llc Enhanced efficiency turbine
US9059440B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2015-06-16 Energyield Llc Enhanced efficiency turbine
US20120315586A1 (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-13 Gas Technology Institute METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR LOW-NOx DUAL-FUEL COMBUSTION OF LIQUID AND/OR GASEOUS FUELS
US8899969B2 (en) * 2011-06-09 2014-12-02 Gas Technology Institute Method and system for low-NOx dual-fuel combustion of liquid and/or gaseous fuels
US20130097991A1 (en) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-25 General Electric Company System for turbine combustor fuel mixing
US8973366B2 (en) * 2011-10-24 2015-03-10 General Electric Company Integrated fuel and water mixing assembly for use in conjunction with a combustor
US20130104783A1 (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-02 Frederick E. Wallenquest, Jr. Burner assembly and methods thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL168603B (nl) 1981-11-16
NL7107337A (ko) 1971-12-06
DE2126775B2 (de) 1977-02-10
DK136674C (ko) 1978-06-05
NL168603C (nl) 1982-04-16
CH538644A (fr) 1973-06-30
FR2093106A5 (ko) 1972-01-28
HU164039B (ko) 1973-12-28
DK136674B (da) 1977-11-07
ES391517A1 (es) 1974-12-16
DE2126775A1 (de) 1971-12-16
ZA713487B (en) 1972-02-23
TR17084A (tr) 1974-04-25
SE389387B (sv) 1976-11-01
BE767946A (fr) 1971-11-03
AR194821A1 (es) 1973-08-24
GB1325954A (en) 1973-08-08
RO61507A (ko) 1977-03-15
SU396885A3 (ko) 1973-08-29
JPS5210210B1 (ko) 1977-03-22
CA934288A (en) 1973-09-25
LU63252A1 (ko) 1971-09-01
NO128923B (ko) 1974-01-28

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: ELF FRANCE, 137, RUE DE 1 UNIVERSITE, PARIS, FRANC

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ELF UNION;REEL/FRAME:003914/0840

Effective date: 19800929