US3741613A - Electromagnetic levitation guide - Google Patents
Electromagnetic levitation guide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3741613A US3741613A US00162365A US3741613DA US3741613A US 3741613 A US3741613 A US 3741613A US 00162365 A US00162365 A US 00162365A US 3741613D A US3741613D A US 3741613DA US 3741613 A US3741613 A US 3741613A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- magnet
- pole faces
- core
- travel path
- armature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
Definitions
- An electromagnetic levitation guide for a movable body has at least one direct-current magnet to hold the [52] US. Cl 308/10, 104/148 LM, 310/13 body in levitation.
- a ferromagnetic rail is arranged [51] Int. Cl. F16c 39/06 along the travel path of the body at a constant spacing [58] Field of Search 308/ 10; 310/12, 13, from the magnet, whereby the rail constitutes the arma- 310/17; 73/503; 104/148, 148 LM, 148 MS, ture return for the flux developed by the magnet.
- the 148 SS magnet has a core having pole faces and the armature return also has pole faces; these pole faces are long and [56] References Cited narrow and extend longitudinally in the direction of the UNITED STATES PATENTS travel p 3,233,559 2/1966 Smith 104/148 LM 6 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures PAIENIEDJUHZS 1925 3.741 613 sum 1 0F 2 ELECTROMAGNETIC LEVITATION GUIDE
- My invention relates to an electromagnetic floating or levitation guide for movable bodies, especially for a fast vehicle which is held in levitation with at least one directcurrent magnet.
- a ferromagnetic rail is mounted along the travel path of the vehicle and is arranged at a constant separation with respect to the magnet and serves as an armature return.
- vehicles can be equipped with a plurality of direct-current magnets which are placed one next to the other in long bands and work together with ferromagnetic rails arranged on the path structure.
- ferromagnetic rails arranged on the path structure.
- bands of guiding magnets arranged on the vehicle and lateral guiding rails arranged along the path of movement in order to cancel the gravity forces. In this way, centrifugal forces and lateral forces are balanced out on curved portions of the travel path and in straight portions thereof.
- Rails can be assembled from stacked cast iron plates having a low specific electrical conductivity and a low magnetic permiability in order to hold the formation of eddy currents small.
- I configure the pole faces of the core and of the return armature body of the direct-current magnet so as to be narrow and extending lengthwise in the direction of movement.
- a substantial reduction of the braking forces caused by eddy currents is achieved alone through the configuration of the direct-current magnet.
- eddies of the electric field occur only at the ends with a uniform movement, so that with respect to the known configurations, eddy currents are induced only in the regions near the ends of the magnetic arrangement, whereby the braking forces become independent of the length of the pole faces of the direct-current magnet.
- the carrying force is reduced linearly with a reduction in the width of the pole faces, the braking forces, however, are reduced quadradically with a reduction in the width of the pole faces.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an electromagnetic levitation guide equipped with a directcurrent magnet configured as required by the invention
- FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b illustrate an alternate embodiment of the direct-current magnet in section and plan view, respectively.
- a levitation guide there is at least one carrying magnet arranged on vehicle 1 which is configured as a direct-current magnet 2.
- vehicle 1 which is configured as a direct-current magnet 2.
- a ferromagnetic rail 3 is disposed at a constant spacing from the magnet 2 along the travel path as an armature return member.
- the direct-current magnet 2 has coils 6 which are supplied from a generator 10 via a rectifier apparatus 11.
- a generator 10 is arranged on the vehicle 1 and is driven from a drive machine 12.
- the control equipment 7 By means of the control equipment 7, the current in the coil 6 is regulated such that a predetermined spacing from the rail is maintained.
- a feeler or sensor 8 arranged with respect to the direct-current magnet 2 which, in dependence upon the spacing between magnet 2 and rail 3, delivers different control voltages at its output terminals for regulating the spacing.
- the feeler 8 is, for example, a magnetic-field dependent resistance, especially a galvanomagnetic device such as a Hall generator.
- the magnetic power fiux flows transverse to the travel direction s in the direct-current magnet 2.
- the pole faces 5 of both the core 4 and rail 3 of the directcurrent magnet are configured to be narrow and extend with a long surface in the direction of movement s.
- the length l of the pole faces is substantially larger, for example, 50 times larger than width b of the pole faces of the rail 3.
- the pole faces are 600 times larger than the width b.
- the length l of the magnets is then 30 meters and the width b is 2.5 cm. For an air gap 8 1 cm, it is sufficient if the rail has a width of 10 cm. With an induction of 0.5 Tesla and of a velocity of 400 km per hour, the braking force amounts to only 2 percent of the carrying force.
- the width b of the core 4, the rail 3 and the pole faces 5 are dimensioned at least to be approximately the same.
- a direct current magnet is provided with several individual coils 6 placed serially one next to the other in the direction of vehicle movement s as illustrated in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
- the core 4 is provided with closed slots 13 on both of its arms in which the individual coils 6a, 6b are placed.
- the slots 13 are closed by slot closing means such as slot wedges 13a or the like. And in this way, the mounting of the coils is facilitated.
- the directcurrent magnet 2 is put together from several component cores 4a, 4b equipped with individual coil 6a, 6b,
- Electromagnetic levitation guide for a movable body comprising at least one direct-current magnet to hold the body in levitation, a ferromagnetic rail arranged along the travel path of said body at a constant spacing from said magnet, whereby said rail constitutes the armature return for the flux developed by said magnet, said magnet comprising a core having pole faces and said armature returns having pole faces, said pole faces being elongated and extending longitudinally in the direction of said travel path, the length of each of said pole faces being at least fifty times its width.
- Electromagnetic levitation guide according to claim 1, said core being U-shaped, and said armature return being profiled to have a U shape and arranged to be at least approximately the mirror image of said magnet.
- Electromagnetic levitation guide for a movable body comprising at least one direct-current magnet to hold the body in levitation, a ferromagnetic rail arranged along the travel path of said body at a constant spacing from said magnet, whereby said rail constitutes the armature return for the flux developed by said magnet, said magnet comprising a core having pole faces and said armature returns having pole faces, said pole faces being elongated and extending longitudinally in the direction of the travel path, said core having slot means, said magnet comprising a plurality of coils aligned serially next to each other in said slot means, and closing means for closing said slot means.
- Electromagnetic levitation guide said magnet comprising a plurality of core components having respective individual coils, said core components having respective sets of pole faces, said components being placed together so that the respective interfaces between mutually adjacent components do not constitute functioning air gaps.
- Electromagnetic levitation guide according to claim 4, said magnet comprising ancillary coil means arranged over said coils.
- Electromagnetic levitation guide for a movable body comprising at least one direct-current magnet to hold the body in levitation, a ferromagnetic rail arranged along the travel path of said body at a constant spacing from said magnet, whereby said rail constitutes the armature return for the flux developed by said magnet, said magnet comprising a core having pole faces and said armature returns having pole faces, said pole faces being elongated and extending longitudinally in the direction of said travel path, the respective widths of said core, of said armature return and of said pole faces being dimensioned to be at least approximately the same.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19702035840 DE2035840B2 (de) | 1970-07-18 | 1970-07-18 | Elektromagnetische schwebefuehrung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3741613A true US3741613A (en) | 1973-06-26 |
Family
ID=5777257
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00162365A Expired - Lifetime US3741613A (en) | 1970-07-18 | 1971-07-14 | Electromagnetic levitation guide |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3741613A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS5148329B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE2035840B2 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2101787A5 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1356290A (de) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3847088A (en) * | 1971-05-03 | 1974-11-12 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Magnetically suspended railway system |
US3849724A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1974-11-19 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Method and apparatus for measuring the gap spacing and relative transverse displacement of an electromagnetic core from an armature using magnetic field sensors |
US3850108A (en) * | 1972-01-17 | 1974-11-26 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Armature assembly and magnetically suspended vehicle |
US3912992A (en) * | 1973-06-01 | 1975-10-14 | Wyld Kenneth Barrington | Parallel connected linear electric motor system |
US4065188A (en) * | 1975-02-10 | 1977-12-27 | Strathearn Audio Limited | Linear bearing for parallel tracking arm |
US4123976A (en) * | 1977-02-21 | 1978-11-07 | Japan Air Lines Company, Ltd. | Attractive type electromagnet device for magnetic levitation running vehicles |
US4379598A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1983-04-12 | North American Philips Corporation | Magnetic bearing |
US4387935A (en) * | 1980-12-08 | 1983-06-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Linear magnetic bearing |
US4698876A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1987-10-13 | Shinko Electric Co., Ltd. | Door apparatus partially supported by a magnetic mechanism |
US4793263A (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-12-27 | The Boeing Company | Integrated linear synchronous unipolar motor with controlled permanent magnet bias |
US4812694A (en) * | 1974-09-12 | 1989-03-14 | Kernforschungsanlage Julich Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Contact free magnetic bearing |
US4918345A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1990-04-17 | Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle | Magnetic bearing for active centering of a body movable relative to a static body with respect to at least one axis |
US4956571A (en) * | 1989-03-01 | 1990-09-11 | Mpb Corporation | Superconducting magnetic bearing |
US5302874A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-04-12 | Magnetic Bearing Technologies, Inc. | Magnetic bearing and method utilizing movable closed conductive loops |
US5825105A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-10-20 | Modern Transport Systems, Corp. | Magnetic levitation and systems for the support and conveyance of useful payloads |
WO2014182186A1 (pt) | 2013-05-06 | 2014-11-13 | Hiperjanelas Lda | Sistema de levitação magnética para portas e janelas |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2933451C2 (de) * | 1979-08-17 | 1985-04-04 | Götz Dipl.-Phys. 8136 Percha Heidelberg | Magnetschwebefahrzeug mit Spaltweitenverstellung und lagedefinierender Einrichtung |
CN107139770B (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2023-06-06 | 西南交通大学 | 一种低动力作用高速磁浮车辆悬浮架装置 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3225228A (en) * | 1963-10-10 | 1965-12-21 | John L Roshala | Linear magnetic drive system |
US3233559A (en) * | 1964-10-27 | 1966-02-08 | Lor Corp | Transportation means |
US3407749A (en) * | 1966-08-31 | 1968-10-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Motor for propulsion and load support |
US3462666A (en) * | 1964-07-24 | 1969-08-19 | Union Oil Co | Levitated reciprocating motor |
US3470828A (en) * | 1967-11-21 | 1969-10-07 | James R Powell Jr | Electromagnetic inductive suspension and stabilization system for a ground vehicle |
US3585423A (en) * | 1969-05-02 | 1971-06-15 | Tracked Hovercraft Ltd | Linear induction motor |
US3594622A (en) * | 1969-02-24 | 1971-07-20 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | A linear comb-shaped synchronous motor |
-
1970
- 1970-07-18 DE DE19702035840 patent/DE2035840B2/de not_active Ceased
-
1971
- 1971-07-14 US US00162365A patent/US3741613A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-07-16 FR FR7126057A patent/FR2101787A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-07-16 GB GB3362471A patent/GB1356290A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-07-19 JP JP46053819A patent/JPS5148329B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3225228A (en) * | 1963-10-10 | 1965-12-21 | John L Roshala | Linear magnetic drive system |
US3462666A (en) * | 1964-07-24 | 1969-08-19 | Union Oil Co | Levitated reciprocating motor |
US3233559A (en) * | 1964-10-27 | 1966-02-08 | Lor Corp | Transportation means |
US3407749A (en) * | 1966-08-31 | 1968-10-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Motor for propulsion and load support |
US3470828A (en) * | 1967-11-21 | 1969-10-07 | James R Powell Jr | Electromagnetic inductive suspension and stabilization system for a ground vehicle |
US3594622A (en) * | 1969-02-24 | 1971-07-20 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | A linear comb-shaped synchronous motor |
US3585423A (en) * | 1969-05-02 | 1971-06-15 | Tracked Hovercraft Ltd | Linear induction motor |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3847088A (en) * | 1971-05-03 | 1974-11-12 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Magnetically suspended railway system |
US3849724A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1974-11-19 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Method and apparatus for measuring the gap spacing and relative transverse displacement of an electromagnetic core from an armature using magnetic field sensors |
US3850108A (en) * | 1972-01-17 | 1974-11-26 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Armature assembly and magnetically suspended vehicle |
US3912992A (en) * | 1973-06-01 | 1975-10-14 | Wyld Kenneth Barrington | Parallel connected linear electric motor system |
US4812694A (en) * | 1974-09-12 | 1989-03-14 | Kernforschungsanlage Julich Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Contact free magnetic bearing |
US4065188A (en) * | 1975-02-10 | 1977-12-27 | Strathearn Audio Limited | Linear bearing for parallel tracking arm |
US4123976A (en) * | 1977-02-21 | 1978-11-07 | Japan Air Lines Company, Ltd. | Attractive type electromagnet device for magnetic levitation running vehicles |
US4387935A (en) * | 1980-12-08 | 1983-06-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Linear magnetic bearing |
US4379598A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1983-04-12 | North American Philips Corporation | Magnetic bearing |
US4698876A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1987-10-13 | Shinko Electric Co., Ltd. | Door apparatus partially supported by a magnetic mechanism |
US4876765A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1989-10-31 | Shinko Electric Co., Ltd. | Door apparatus with magnetic support |
US4793263A (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-12-27 | The Boeing Company | Integrated linear synchronous unipolar motor with controlled permanent magnet bias |
US4918345A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1990-04-17 | Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle | Magnetic bearing for active centering of a body movable relative to a static body with respect to at least one axis |
US4956571A (en) * | 1989-03-01 | 1990-09-11 | Mpb Corporation | Superconducting magnetic bearing |
US5302874A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-04-12 | Magnetic Bearing Technologies, Inc. | Magnetic bearing and method utilizing movable closed conductive loops |
US5825105A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-10-20 | Modern Transport Systems, Corp. | Magnetic levitation and systems for the support and conveyance of useful payloads |
WO2014182186A1 (pt) | 2013-05-06 | 2014-11-13 | Hiperjanelas Lda | Sistema de levitação magnética para portas e janelas |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2035840A1 (de) | 1972-01-27 |
DE2035840B2 (de) | 1976-04-08 |
GB1356290A (en) | 1974-06-12 |
JPS5148329B1 (de) | 1976-12-20 |
FR2101787A5 (de) | 1972-03-31 |
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