US3740220A - Photographic material - Google Patents

Photographic material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3740220A
US3740220A US00882737A US3740220DA US3740220A US 3740220 A US3740220 A US 3740220A US 00882737 A US00882737 A US 00882737A US 3740220D A US3740220D A US 3740220DA US 3740220 A US3740220 A US 3740220A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
pigment
image
photographic
silver halide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00882737A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Haes L De
E Hofman
H Gevers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agfa Gevaert NV
Agfa Gevaert AG
Original Assignee
Agfa Gevaert AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agfa Gevaert AG filed Critical Agfa Gevaert AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3740220A publication Critical patent/US3740220A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/42—Structural details
    • G03C8/44—Integral units, i.e. the image-forming section not being separated from the image-receiving section
    • G03C8/48—Integral units, i.e. the image-forming section not being separated from the image-receiving section characterised by substances used for masking the image-forming section

Definitions

  • a composite integral light-sensitive photographic material for forming copies by means of the diflusion transfer process comprising in successive order a transparent flexible support sheet and image-receiving layer comprising development nuclei, a pigment layer containing an opaque white or colored pigment dispersed in a hydrophilic colloid binder, wherein the pigment and the binder of the pigment particles are present in amount of from 7 to 25 g. per sq. In. and of from 0.5 to 4 g. sq. m., respectively, and a. light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, the maximum developed reflex density of which is equal to or lower than 0.8.
  • a photographic method using such material is also disclosed.
  • the developed material has a positive image in the image-receiving layer which is visible directly through the transparent support sheet, together with a negative image in the emulsion layer which is hidden from the positive image by means of the intervening pigment layer so that the material can be exposed, developed and viewed in the form of an integral assembly without separation of the parts thereof.
  • the present invention relates to a photographic lightsensitive composite sheet material and to a method of producing images according to the silver complex diffusion transfer process wherein such material is used.
  • the photographic light-sensitive composite sheet material successively comprises a flexible transparent support sheet, an image-receiving layer comprising substances for promoting the conversion of complexed diffusing silver halide to form a visible image (these substances are further on called development nuclei), a pigment layer containing an opaque white or coloured pigment and a hydrophilic colloid binder, wherein the pigment and the binder of the pigment particles are present in amounts of from 7 to 25 g. sq. m. and of from 0.5 to 4 g. per sq. m. respectively, and a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, the maximum developed reflex density of which is equal to or lower than 0.8.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of producing a photographic diflusion transfer copy comprising the steps of image-wise exposing the light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer of a photographic composite sheet material as described above and treating this material in the presence of a developing compound, a complexing agent for silver halide and an alkaline substance with an aqueous liquid.
  • the diffusion transfer copy thus obtained is viewed through the transparent support and the low density negative image is then completely screened from the eye of the pigment layer. At the emulsion side of the copy only a very faint and not disturbing negative image is visible.
  • amixmum. developed reflex density of 0.8 of the silver halide emulsion layer may be complied with by applying the liquid silver halide emulsion in such a proportion that only a restricted amount of silver halide particles is present per surface unit of the light-sensitive material.
  • a considerable amount of pigment particles and/or screening dyes may be incorporated int-o the silver halide emulsion layer.
  • silver halide emulsions are used, which have the inherent property of being developable only to a low maximum density after exposure. This may be achieved by producing rather large silver halide grains. Two or more techniques for producing a silver halide emulsion layer complying with the requirements of the present invention may be combined.
  • any type of silver halide is suitable for preparing the emulsion layer, provided the silver halide grains are capable of being developed and complexated in the exposed and non-exposed areas respectively with the rapidity required in diffusion transfer processess.
  • the silver halide emulsion used may be a low-sensitive or a high-sensitive emulsion and may have either a steep gradation for the production of a line copy or a rather soft gradation for the production of a continuous tone image.
  • a low-sensitive silver chloride emulsion having a steep gradation is used
  • a silver bromo-iodide emulsion having a soft gradation is used for the reproduction of a continuous tone original.
  • the photographic composite sheet material according to the present invention is especially suitable for making aerial photographs.
  • the pigment layer preferably contains white pigment particles.
  • Barium sulphate and titanium dioxide are especially suitable for this purpose.
  • the size of the pigment particles is of no great importance for the purpose of the present invention. Coarse as well as extremely fine grains are suited.
  • other hydrophilic colloids and mixtures of two or more types of hydrophilic colloids may be used. So, a mixture of a protein, e.g.
  • hydrophilic colloids of this type are comprised in the class of compounds designated as latent hardeners of said proteins. Suitable hydrophilic colloids of this type are addition products of high molecular weight hydroxyl group-containing compounds with acrolein, described in the United States patent specification 3,382,077 and especially water-soluble hydroxyalkyl esters of alginic acid, particularly propylene glycol esters of alginic acid, described in the United States patent specification 3,378,373.
  • the image-receiving layer present between the pigment layer and the transparent support sheet may be constituted by development nuclei applied by vacuum coating but preferably is a hydrophilic colloid layer containing development nuclei.
  • the hydrophilic colloid binder is preferably gelatin, although the gelatin may be replaced at least partly by other hydrophlic colloids.
  • the development nuclei may be small metal particles but preferably are sulphides of heavy metals such as the sulphides of antimony, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, lead, nickel, silver,
  • the imagereceiving layer may be applied, directly or indirectly by means of a suitable subbing layer, to the flexible transparent support sheet.
  • the support has to be sufiiciently transparent to permit the diffusion transfer image produced in the image-receiving layer to be viewed through the support.
  • a paper sheet that has been made transparent can be used.
  • An especially suitable paper support is the so-called pergamin paper that owes its transparency to hydration and mechanical treatment at the preparation stage.
  • the transparent support sheet of the composite sheet material according to the present invention is a hydrophobic synthetic film support having a rather small thickness that is preferably comprised between about 0.05 and 0.2 mm.
  • Suitable hydrophobic synthetic polymers are cellulose esters, e.g. cellulose triacetate, polyesters e.g. polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, and copoly(vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate).
  • the photographic material according to the present invention may comprise all kinds of additional layers, e.g. an antihalation layer, a top layer for protecting the silver halide emulsion layer against abrasion, or for completely screening the negative image from the eye, one or more intermediate layers to improve the adherence between two layers, or to facilitate the diffusion of some substances from one layer to the other, an antistatic layer, which is preferably applied to the free rear side of a hydrophobic film support, etc.
  • additional layers e.g. an antihalation layer, a top layer for protecting the silver halide emulsion layer against abrasion, or for completely screening the negative image from the eye
  • one or more intermediate layers to improve the adherence between two layers, or to facilitate the diffusion of some substances from one layer to the other
  • an antistatic layer which is preferably applied to the free rear side of a hydrophobic film support, etc.
  • the rear side of the transparent support is provided with a matting layer, e.g. a gelatin layer containing silica particles.
  • a matting layer e.g. a gelatin layer containing silica particles.
  • the layers of the photographic sheet material may be applied according to Whatever technique known in the art, e.g. by dip-coating, reverse roll-coating, or by spraycoating.
  • the photographic composite sheet material may contain all kind of ingredients, e.g. sensitizers, stabilizers, plasticizers, hardeners including latent hardeners, e.g. the hydrophilic colloid binders referred to above, developing agents, preservatives for developing agents complexing agents for silver halide, alkali-releasing substances, imagetone improvers, anti-silver sludge agents, anti-yellowing agents, anti-staining agents, alkali-consuming substances, dispersing and wetting agents etc.
  • the use of these ingredients in photographic materials for producing diffusion transfer copies is generally known in the art. For more details thereon reference is made to the very extensive art literature including the patent literature.
  • the incorporation of developing substances, especially of hydroquinone and a S-pyrazolidinone developing agent, into at least one layer of the composite sheet material is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the total amount of developing substances is incorporated into the photographic material, so that the processing liquid is reduced to a mere alkaline liquid that is substantially free from developing agents, and consequently has better keeping properties.
  • the silver halide emulsion layer of the photographic composite sheet material is image-wise exposed to visible light or to a high energetic radiation beam, e.g. an electron beam, X-rays, 'y-rays, light produced by a laser etc.
  • the image-wise exposure is preferably carried out reflectographically by placing the original in contact with the emulsion side of the composite sheet material, and transmitting the exposing rays through said material.
  • a camera is also possible.
  • the composite sheet material is then wetted with an aqueous processing liquid in the presence of developing agents, a complexing agent for silver halide, e.g. sodium thiosulphate, and an alkaline substance.
  • the alkaline substance and the complexing agent for silver halide are preferably provided in the aqueous liquid.
  • the developing compound(s) for silver halide on the contrary, (is) are preferably at least partially and even wholly present in the photographic material as described above.
  • the processing liquid preferably has a rather low viscosity and is a mere aqueous soluion. It may be applied according to whatever technique usual in the art, e.g. by dipping the composite sheet material in it, by means of a licking roller etc. It may contain all kinds of additional ingredients, e.g. heavy metal ions-sequestering agents, and anti-silver sludge agents, stabilizers, image-tone improvers, wetting agents, etc.
  • additional ingredients e.g
  • One side of the resulting subbed film support was provided with a mat layer from the following coating composition in a ratio of 10 sq.m./litre:
  • this apparatus containing the following alkaline processing liquid:
  • the negative image was not visible at the side of the support because it was screened from view by the pigment layer.
  • a composite integral light-sensitive diffusion transfer photographic sheet material for copying originals comprising in successive order a flexible transparent support sheet, and image-receiving layer comprising development nuclei, a pigment layer containing an opaque white or colored pigment dispersed in an exterior hydrophilic colloid binder, wherein the pigment and the binder of the pigment particles are present in amounts of from 7 to g. per sq. m. and of from 0.5 to 4 g. per sq. m. respectively, and a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, the maximum developed reflex density of which is equal to or lower than 0.8.
  • hydrophilic colloid being a latent hardener for gelatin is a propylene glycol ester of alginic acid.
  • the pigment layer contains an amount of pigment particles of from 10 to 20 g. per sq. rn. and an amount of hydrophilic colloid binder of from 1 to 3 g. per sq. m.
  • said photographic lightsensitive composite sheet material comprises in successive order a flexible transparent support sheet, an imagereeciving layer comprising development nuclei, a pigment layer containing an opaque white or colored pigment dispersed in a hydrophilic colloid binder, wherein the pigment and the binder of the pigment particles are present in amounts of from 7 to 25 gpper sq. m. and of from 0.5 to 4 g. per sq. m.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
US00882737A 1968-12-06 1969-12-05 Photographic material Expired - Lifetime US3740220A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5815268 1968-12-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3740220A true US3740220A (en) 1973-06-19

Family

ID=10480884

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00882737A Expired - Lifetime US3740220A (en) 1968-12-06 1969-12-05 Photographic material

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3740220A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE742284A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1961030C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2025524A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1297115A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3904292A (en) * 1973-02-09 1975-09-09 Inst Graphic Communication Inc Apparatus for single sheet photographic reproduction
US4376157A (en) * 1980-03-26 1983-03-08 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Photographic materials with two-dimensionally distributed precipitation nuclei
US4489152A (en) * 1984-02-29 1984-12-18 Polaroid Corporation Photographic product for silver transfer images with polyvinylpyrrolidone in carbon black layer
US4548898A (en) * 1982-07-27 1985-10-22 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Photosensitive material for diffusion transfer with antihalation layer containing white and color pigment
US5643710A (en) * 1994-12-28 1997-07-01 Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. Imaging element and method for making lithographic printing plates according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4329409A (en) * 1980-08-04 1982-05-11 Hughes Aircraft Company Process for fabricating stable holograms
US4330604A (en) * 1980-08-04 1982-05-18 Hughes Aircraft Company Fabrication of holograms on plastic substrates
JPS62271868A (ja) * 1986-05-20 1987-11-26 プラチナ万年筆株式会社 物品収納容器
JPH0632394Y2 (ja) * 1989-12-06 1994-08-24 株式会社壽 筆記具
DE10002258A1 (de) * 2000-01-20 2001-08-02 Schneider Gmbh & Co Produktion Flüssigkeitsschreibgerät mit einer Schreibspitze und einem diese umschließenden entfernbaren Schutz

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE545678A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3904292A (en) * 1973-02-09 1975-09-09 Inst Graphic Communication Inc Apparatus for single sheet photographic reproduction
US4376157A (en) * 1980-03-26 1983-03-08 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Photographic materials with two-dimensionally distributed precipitation nuclei
US4548898A (en) * 1982-07-27 1985-10-22 Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. Photosensitive material for diffusion transfer with antihalation layer containing white and color pigment
US4489152A (en) * 1984-02-29 1984-12-18 Polaroid Corporation Photographic product for silver transfer images with polyvinylpyrrolidone in carbon black layer
US5643710A (en) * 1994-12-28 1997-07-01 Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. Imaging element and method for making lithographic printing plates according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1961030A1 (de) 1970-06-25
DE1961030C3 (de) 1981-08-06
GB1297115A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-22
DE1961030B2 (de) 1980-07-03
BE742284A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-27
FR2025524A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-11

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