US3721527A - Method for sterilizing bulk materials - Google Patents

Method for sterilizing bulk materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3721527A
US3721527A US00116539A US3721527DA US3721527A US 3721527 A US3721527 A US 3721527A US 00116539 A US00116539 A US 00116539A US 3721527D A US3721527D A US 3721527DA US 3721527 A US3721527 A US 3721527A
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United States
Prior art keywords
container
sterilizing
sterilization
further including
sterile
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00116539A
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English (en)
Inventor
T Ernst
F Lodige
J Lucke
W Lodige
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/04—Heat
    • A61L2/06—Hot gas
    • A61L2/07—Steam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
    • A23L3/165—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials in solid state
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
    • A23L3/18—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus
    • A23L3/185—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus in solid state
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
    • A23L3/18—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus
    • A23L3/22—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus with transport through tubes
    • A23L3/225—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials while they are progressively transported through the apparatus with transport through tubes in solid state

Definitions

  • the apparatus comprises a pressure-tight container with a built-in centrifuge mechanism.
  • a closed conveyor device is connected to the inlet and outlet of the container, for the supply and discharge of material being handled.
  • This invention relates to a method of sterilizing materials by means-of steam, or by means of hot gas. More especially bulk materials such as chips, fibers, powders, foods, feeding stuffs, etc., can be sterilized.
  • the invention is further concerned with apparatus for sterilizing such materials.
  • sterilization time depending on the thickness of the bed in the autoclave in which the material to be treated, is long, because the sterilizing medium, such as saturated steam or hot gas, must completely and sufficiently penetrate through the entire material before sterilization is completed.
  • the sterilizing medium such as saturated steam or hot gas
  • a uniform conditioning is however of great importance, particularly with foodstuffs and chemically active substances and also with litter or bedding for test animals in research laboratories.
  • An object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages connected with the known sterilization using saturated steam and to provide the possibility of being able to carry out the entire sterilizing operation in a fully automatic manner within an apparatus to be sealed off in sterile form from the exterior and with a shortest possible treatment time. It is also possible, after the sterilization, to add to the material other already sterile substances which do not withstand the high treatment temperatures of steam sterilization.
  • a method of sterilizing bulk materials by means of steam or hot gas wherein the material is sterilized batchwise in a closed chamber with centrifuging and with simultaneous addition of sterilizing medium, and, immediately thereafter, the sterilizing medium is separatedout from the material at a sub-atmospheric pressure with centrifuging of the bulk material.
  • the sterilizing medium can very quickly and uniformly come into contact with all parts of the material, whereby a good sterilizing effect is produced with minimum sterilization times.
  • the same also applies as regards the removal of the sterilizing medium from the sterilized material after the sterilizing operation has been completed.
  • the material to be sterilized can be preheated, before starting sterilization, by means of relatively small quantities of the sterilizing medium, for example, while the material is introduced into the sterilization vessel.
  • This medium serving for preheating purposes is then removed from the sterilizing vessel before starting the sterilizing operation proper or is even also used for the subsequent sterilization, so that the demand for sterilizing medium becomes correspondingly smaller.
  • the material is sterilized with saturated steam, then drying of the material under the action of a vacuum has to be carried out after the sterilizing operation in accordance with a further development of the invention, the liquid which is still adhering to the material or to the particles thereof being substantially removed.
  • the gas is likewise extracted by means of a vacuum after completing the sterilization. Drying is unnecessary in this case, since the hot gas has not supplied any liquid or moisture to the material.
  • the sterilized material can in addition be ventilated with sterile air and then stored in a sterile container.
  • This method can be carried out in all stages while maintaining a prescribed timing program and in a minimum period of time and produces superior results.
  • an apparatus which comprises a container which can be closed in pressure-tight manner and which is specially adapted for sterilization operations which container has a built-in centrifuging mechanism, while a closed transport device for supplying and discharging the material being treated is connected to the inlet and outlet, respectively, of said container.
  • the sterilizing operation and the drying operation but at least sterilization and a preliminary drying, can be affected in one and the same container. It is also possible for the sterilization with the preliminary drying, and the drying proper, to take place successfully in separate containers.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an apparatus of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 2 2 of FIG. 1.
  • the apparatus comprises a cylindrical container 1, in which the sterilization and also the preliminary drying of the material to be treated is carried out.
  • a shaft 2 which is driven by a motor 3, preferably at different speeds which can be selected as desired.
  • the shaft carried centrifuge mechanism to be described hereinbelow for thoroughly loosening and whirling the material in the container 1 for sterilization and preliminary drying purposes.
  • the container 1 has a filling mechanism 4 which can be closed in pressure-tight manner, and an inlet pipe 5 of said mechanism has fitted herein a bucket wheel lock chamber 6, which is to prevent the high treatment temperatures obtaining in the container from being transferred into the supply device, whereby a fire could easily be caused therein.
  • a pipe conduit can be connected to the inlet side of the said bucket wheel lock chamber 6, said pipe providing a connection to a storage vessel for the material being handled.
  • a dome 7 Arranged on the top of the container 1 is a dome 7, into which opens a vacuum pipe 8 which can be closed off.
  • a closable expansion pipe 9 is also connected to the dome 7.
  • Opening into the front end of the container 1 is a pipe 10 for the admission of sterile air, when a shut-off valve 11 provided in this pipe is opened.
  • a pipe 12 for the supply of the sterilizing medium, such as saturated steam or hot gas, also opens into the container 1.
  • the complete container 1 is provided with an insulating jacket 13, which is arranged in the region of the cylindrical container wall at a distance 14 around the container 1.
  • a double jacket for the supply of a heating medium is formed.
  • This double jacket is provided with inlet unions 15 for steam or the like and an outlet union 16 for condensate, etc., and
  • the container 1 is supported on a similarly constructed cylindrical drying container 21.
  • a centrifuge mechanism to be described is driven by a shaft 22 which is in turn driven by a motor 23 mounted exteriorly of the container.
  • An inlet union 24 of the container 21 is connected to the outlet housing 19 of the container l.
  • the container 21 likewise has a double jacket 29 with a lower inlet union 30 and an upper outlet union 31 for a heating medium, such as hot water.
  • the lower container 21 is likewise provided with an outlet housing 32, which encloses a closure flap or valve 33, which can be opened and closed by an electric motor 34. Suitable inlet and discharge lines are provided.
  • the container 1 is supported by means of feet 25 and 26 on the container 21, and the latter in its turn can be supported by feet 27 and 28 on any suitable support.
  • a plurality of axially spaced, radially extending arms 37 are fixed to the shaft 2 and carry at the ends thereof mixing tools 35 shaped generally in the form of a plow-share.
  • the tools 35 at the opposed ends of the container are transversely truncated to contact the end walls of the container. It will be noted that each tool 35 is offset from the axially adjacent tools, as can also be seen in FIG. 2.
  • Each tool 35 has a flat, wallengaging, outer edge which functions to scrape and loosen the material from the walls of the container and to throw the material, due to the shape of the tools, on either side of the tool, thereby enhancing the mixing operation.
  • tools 35 are axially offset from each other thereby serving to facilitate movement of the material from the feed to the discharge end of the container.
  • the speed of the motor 3 is such that the material by centrifugal force is thrown radially outwardly toward the container walls for scraping action by the tools 35. The material is thereby continuously whirled in the container to enhance the sterilization process.
  • the container 21 likewise is provided with radial arms 38 at the ends of which are mounted blade-like mixing tools 36. These tools scrape the walls of the container 21 thereby whirling the material radially inwardly. The centrifugal force due to the speed of rotation of the shaft 22 in turn causes the material to be thrown radially outwardly, with the overall effect being to create intensive whirling action of the material thereby to enhance the drying operation.
  • Truncated mixing tools 39 similar to the endmost tools 35 in the container 1 are provided in the container 21 to prevent material from being lodged in the corners of the container.
  • the mixing tools 36 are pitched relative to the axis of the shaft 22 to facilitate movement of the material in the container toward the discharge end.
  • the apparatus described operates in the following manner.
  • the material to be sterilized is introduced in measured quantities into the container 1 from a storage silo, by means of conveyor devices. While the container 1 is being filled, a measured quantity of sterilizing medium is introduced for heating the material and the excess quantity of this heating medium is withdrawn from the container.
  • the sterilization container is closed in pressure-tight manner, whereupon saturated steam is introduced into the container for sterilization purposes.
  • the centrifuge mechanism provided in the container runs while the container is being charged and while the sterilizing medium is being introduced. In this way, there is obtained through the mixing tools 35 an intensive whirling and permeation of the material with the sterilizing medium, so that the sterilizing operation is completed after a short time, for example, after 3 minutes.
  • the centrifuge mechanism is then stopped and the sterilizing medium is released and collected in a suitable installation.
  • the sterilizing container l is now evacuated, in order to dry the material.
  • the centrifuge mechanism starts to run again at a certain reduced pressure, so that all the particles of the material participate uniformly in the drying operation, and thus an effective and uniform drying is produced.
  • the heat necessary for this purpose is supplied by steam, which flows through the double jacket 14.
  • the material is thereafter ventilated with sterile air and the fully treated material, after opening the emptying valve 17, is emptied into a sterile container, from whence it can be further transported and further processed.
  • the sterilized material is delivered to the container 21 through the unions 19 and 24, and the drying operation proper and the ventilation with sterile air are effected in the second container 21.
  • the evacuation provided during the drying operation can be so controlled that the centrifuge mechanism is only set in motion when a certain vacuum (e.g. 30 mm. Hg.) is reached, so that none of the material being treated passes by suction effect into the vacuum apparatus.
  • a certain vacuum e.g. 30 mm. Hg.
  • a method of sterilizing bulk materials by means of steam or hot gas in a stationary container defining a closed chamber comprising the steps of:
  • the method of claim 1 further including the step of preheating said material in said chamber by introducing relatively small quantities of said sterilizing medium into said chamber before the main sterilizing operation.
  • the method of claim 1 further including the step of ventilating the rnaterial, following the drying operatron, with sterile air, and storing sai sterilized ma erial in a sterile container.
  • the method of claim 1 further including the step of applying heat to the exterior walls of said closed chamber during the drying operation.
  • the method of claim 5 further including the step of controlling the application of centrifugal force during the drying operation so that centrifugal force is applied to said material only when a predetermined subatmospheric pressure has been reached.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
US00116539A 1967-10-10 1971-02-18 Method for sterilizing bulk materials Expired - Lifetime US3721527A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE1642087 1967-10-10

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FR (1) FR1600886A (de)
GB (1) GB1243823A (de)

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3837271A (en) * 1970-05-27 1974-09-24 Apv Co Ltd Heat treatment of flowable solids
US3994685A (en) * 1974-05-11 1976-11-30 Loedige Wilhelm Apparatus for sterilizing loose material
FR2337582A1 (fr) * 1975-04-25 1977-08-05 Heinz Cy Ltd H J Procede et appareil de traitement de matieres particulaires a steriliser
US4062646A (en) * 1974-05-11 1977-12-13 Loedige Wilhelm Process for sterilizing loose material
JPS5350568A (en) * 1976-10-15 1978-05-09 Loedige Wilhelm Batch type treating method of bulk material
US4133638A (en) * 1975-11-14 1979-01-09 The Boots Company Limited Method of sterilizing powders in a fluidized bed
US4166096A (en) * 1978-03-23 1979-08-28 American Sterilizer Company Biohazard steam sterilizer
US4170421A (en) * 1978-09-05 1979-10-09 American Hospital Supply Corporation Reciprocal sterilizing agitator system (RSAS)
US4329374A (en) * 1977-03-02 1982-05-11 Societe D'assistance Technique Pour Produits Nestle S.A. Method for producing a sterilized processed cheese having a creamy texture
EP0094448A1 (de) * 1982-05-19 1983-11-23 Kikkoman Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von pulverigen, körnigen und ähnlichen Gütern
EP0269257A2 (de) * 1986-10-30 1988-06-01 McCORMICK & COMPANY, INC. Sterilisierungsvorrichtung und -verfahren für Gewürze und Blattkräuter
US4830865A (en) * 1986-12-15 1989-05-16 Graham Corporation Method for aseptically processing a food product
US4911889A (en) * 1987-09-16 1990-03-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for sanitizing materials utilizing superheated steam
US4942717A (en) * 1986-09-24 1990-07-24 George Kozub Process for the preparation of sterilized plant matter
EP0532839A2 (de) * 1991-05-04 1993-03-24 Verfahrenstechnik Ag Mavag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entkeimen eines Produktes
US5229117A (en) * 1987-09-16 1993-07-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods and apparatus for sanitizing materials utilizing superheated steam
US5275091A (en) * 1986-03-07 1994-01-04 Graham Corporation Apparatus for aseptically processing a food product
US5364589A (en) * 1991-04-01 1994-11-15 Sterile Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for sterilizing biological waste
US5372149A (en) * 1992-03-25 1994-12-13 Roth; David S. Sterilization process in the manufacturing of snuff
WO1995014494A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-06-01 Electrical Control Systems Pty. Ltd. Autoclaving method and apparatus
EP0974275A1 (de) * 1998-07-18 2000-01-26 Franz Zentis Gmbh & Co. Verfahren zur Sterilisation
US20040170731A1 (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-09-02 Girish Subramaniam Reduction of oil and off-flavors in citrus juice by direct steam heating and flash cooling
US20080299274A1 (en) * 2005-09-17 2008-12-04 Peter Dieckmann Method and Apparatus for Reducing the Number of Microbes During Tandem Operation
WO2009003546A1 (de) * 2007-07-02 2009-01-08 BüHLER BARTH AG Verfahren zur oberflächen-pasteurisation und -sterilisation von lebensmittelstücken
EP2604122A1 (de) * 2011-12-12 2013-06-19 Bühler Barth AG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Sterilisieren und/oder Pasteurisieren eines Lebensmittels
WO2013087691A3 (de) * 2011-12-12 2013-10-17 Bühler Barth Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pasteurisieren und/oder sterilisieren eines lebensmittels
US20200253244A1 (en) * 2017-10-31 2020-08-13 Yitian Wang Steam pasteurization method for freeze-dried food

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2425812A1 (fr) * 1978-05-17 1979-12-14 Kibleur Pierre Procede pour le traitement thermique en continu de produits alimentaires
FR2656547B1 (fr) * 1989-12-29 1992-04-10 Cogat Pierre Olivier Appareillage continu pour desaerer, chauffer, maintenir en temperature, refroidir sous vide des matieres organiques solides.
US5424046A (en) * 1992-02-28 1995-06-13 Smith; Benjamin G. Method and apparatus for steam sterilization
DE19511037C2 (de) * 1995-03-28 1997-05-07 Karl Schad Verfahren und Gerät zum Reinigen und/oder Desinfizieren von chirurgischen Instrumenten
NO971221L (no) * 1997-03-17 1998-09-18 Halvor Forberg FremgangsmÕte ved sterilisering av korn- og partikkelformet materiale og anordning ved blandemaskin
CN103585648B (zh) 2013-10-15 2016-04-20 英孚伦斯亚洲有限公司 自动旋转高压灭菌器及具有连续操作阶段的处理方法

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3837271A (en) * 1970-05-27 1974-09-24 Apv Co Ltd Heat treatment of flowable solids
US3994685A (en) * 1974-05-11 1976-11-30 Loedige Wilhelm Apparatus for sterilizing loose material
US4062646A (en) * 1974-05-11 1977-12-13 Loedige Wilhelm Process for sterilizing loose material
FR2337582A1 (fr) * 1975-04-25 1977-08-05 Heinz Cy Ltd H J Procede et appareil de traitement de matieres particulaires a steriliser
US4059919A (en) * 1975-04-25 1977-11-29 H. J. Heinz Company Limited Heat treating particulate material
US4133638A (en) * 1975-11-14 1979-01-09 The Boots Company Limited Method of sterilizing powders in a fluidized bed
JPS5350568A (en) * 1976-10-15 1978-05-09 Loedige Wilhelm Batch type treating method of bulk material
US4329374A (en) * 1977-03-02 1982-05-11 Societe D'assistance Technique Pour Produits Nestle S.A. Method for producing a sterilized processed cheese having a creamy texture
US4166096A (en) * 1978-03-23 1979-08-28 American Sterilizer Company Biohazard steam sterilizer
US4170421A (en) * 1978-09-05 1979-10-09 American Hospital Supply Corporation Reciprocal sterilizing agitator system (RSAS)
EP0094448A1 (de) * 1982-05-19 1983-11-23 Kikkoman Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von pulverigen, körnigen und ähnlichen Gütern
US5275091A (en) * 1986-03-07 1994-01-04 Graham Corporation Apparatus for aseptically processing a food product
US4942717A (en) * 1986-09-24 1990-07-24 George Kozub Process for the preparation of sterilized plant matter
EP0269257A3 (en) * 1986-10-30 1989-02-15 Mccormick & Company, Inc. Apparatus & process for sterilization of spices and leafy herbs
EP0269257A2 (de) * 1986-10-30 1988-06-01 McCORMICK & COMPANY, INC. Sterilisierungsvorrichtung und -verfahren für Gewürze und Blattkräuter
US4830865A (en) * 1986-12-15 1989-05-16 Graham Corporation Method for aseptically processing a food product
US4911889A (en) * 1987-09-16 1990-03-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for sanitizing materials utilizing superheated steam
US5229117A (en) * 1987-09-16 1993-07-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods and apparatus for sanitizing materials utilizing superheated steam
US5364589A (en) * 1991-04-01 1994-11-15 Sterile Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for sterilizing biological waste
EP0532839A2 (de) * 1991-05-04 1993-03-24 Verfahrenstechnik Ag Mavag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entkeimen eines Produktes
EP0532839A3 (en) * 1991-05-04 1994-08-17 Kurt Weber Process and apparatus for sterilising
DE4309165C2 (de) * 1992-03-25 1999-05-20 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Stabilisierungsverfahren zum Herstellen eines Schnupftabakproduktes
US5372149A (en) * 1992-03-25 1994-12-13 Roth; David S. Sterilization process in the manufacturing of snuff
WO1995014494A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-06-01 Electrical Control Systems Pty. Ltd. Autoclaving method and apparatus
US5735061A (en) * 1993-11-26 1998-04-07 Electrical Control Systems Pty. Ltd. Autoclaving process and apparatus
EP0974275A1 (de) * 1998-07-18 2000-01-26 Franz Zentis Gmbh & Co. Verfahren zur Sterilisation
US20040170731A1 (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-09-02 Girish Subramaniam Reduction of oil and off-flavors in citrus juice by direct steam heating and flash cooling
US20070087098A1 (en) * 2003-02-28 2007-04-19 Tropicana Products, Inc. Reduction of oil and off-flavors in citrus juice by direct steam heating and flash cooling
US20080299274A1 (en) * 2005-09-17 2008-12-04 Peter Dieckmann Method and Apparatus for Reducing the Number of Microbes During Tandem Operation
US8109209B2 (en) * 2005-09-17 2012-02-07 Stephan Dieckmann, legal representative Method and apparatus for reducing the number of microbes during tandem operation
WO2009003546A1 (de) * 2007-07-02 2009-01-08 BüHLER BARTH AG Verfahren zur oberflächen-pasteurisation und -sterilisation von lebensmittelstücken
US20100173060A1 (en) * 2007-07-02 2010-07-08 Rainer Perren Method for the Surface-Pasteurization and-Sterilization of Pieces of Food
US9232817B2 (en) 2007-07-02 2016-01-12 Bühler Barth Gmbh Method for the surface-pasteurization and-sterilization of pieces of food
EP2604122A1 (de) * 2011-12-12 2013-06-19 Bühler Barth AG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Sterilisieren und/oder Pasteurisieren eines Lebensmittels
WO2013087691A3 (de) * 2011-12-12 2013-10-17 Bühler Barth Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pasteurisieren und/oder sterilisieren eines lebensmittels
US20200253244A1 (en) * 2017-10-31 2020-08-13 Yitian Wang Steam pasteurization method for freeze-dried food
US10849341B2 (en) * 2017-10-31 2020-12-01 Yitian Wang Steam pasteurization method for freeze-dried food

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1243823A (en) 1971-08-25
FR1600886A (de) 1970-08-03

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