US3719178A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3719178A
US3719178A US00197429A US3719178DA US3719178A US 3719178 A US3719178 A US 3719178A US 00197429 A US00197429 A US 00197429A US 3719178D A US3719178D A US 3719178DA US 3719178 A US3719178 A US 3719178A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
engine
cavity
gearwheel
drive
cylinders
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00197429A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Stewart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Perkins Ltd
Original Assignee
Perkins Engines Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Perkins Engines Ltd filed Critical Perkins Engines Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3719178A publication Critical patent/US3719178A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/024—Belt drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/026—Gear drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B67/04—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/20—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders all in one line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1824—Number of cylinders six
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • F02B63/044—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators the engine-generator unit being placed on a frame or in an housing

Definitions

  • An improved internal combustion engine consists of a unitary crank case having a cavity cast at the middle of its length to house the timing drive and a drive to auxiliary equipment.
  • the cavity has openings and the auxiliary equipment is mounted on load bearing covers which close these openings.
  • This invention relates to engines having a plurality of cylinders each housing a reciprocable piston. Such engines will hereinafter and in the appended claims be referred to as reciprocating engines.
  • the invention relates to internal combustion reciprocating engines which are liquid cooled.
  • timing drive gears are located at the centre of the length of the engine.
  • these gears have been worm and wheel gears driving a jackshaft which in turn drives a camshaft and/or electrical distributor.
  • the gears have been spur gears mounted in a cavity formed by the two halves of a two piece crankcase of an air cooled engine.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a drive from between the cylinders to auxiliary apparatus mounted externally of the crankcase.
  • Yet a further object of the invention is to make provision for easy driving attachment of a range of auxiliary equipment.
  • this invention consists of a reciprocating engine comprising a crankcase defining a timing gear cavity located between adjacent cylinders thereof, a crankshaft and a camshaft supported by the crankcase, crankshaft and camshaft timing wheels mounted on their respective shafts and drivingly connected with each other at least partially Within said cavity, wherein said cavity is open on at least one side of the crankcase and the cavity opening is closed by a load bearing cover member on which is supported at least one auxiliary device drive wheel which is drivably connected to the crankshaft and to an auxiliary device.
  • auxiliary device is driven from the crankshaft through an intermediary drive member.
  • the intermediary drive member may be constituted by the camshaft timing wheel or by a further wheel mounted on the cover member.
  • the wheels comprise gearwheel and in the case a V-engine the opening can occur at the top side between the cylinder banks.
  • the cover can 'be arranged so that a driven wheel drives two auxiliary devices. Provision is made to drive auxiliary devices on two spaced axes passing through each cover.
  • FIG. 1 is one side elevation of an engine according to the invention partially sectioned at one place on the line II in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 2 is the opposite side elevation of the engine of FIG. 1 section on the line IIII in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view on the line III-III of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view on the line IV--IV of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view on the line V-V in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view on the line VI-VI in FIG. 3.
  • an engine 10 consists of a monoblock crankcase containing six cylinders 12 in line and adapted, by the provision of cooling passages 14 around the cylinders 12, to be cooled by a liquid.
  • the cylinders 12 are not shown in detail but their centre lines are shown numbered in the conventional manner from 1 to 6 from the front of the engine.
  • the front of the engine is defined as the end which carries the fan.
  • the spacing between the cylinders 3 and 4 is larger than that between other adjacent cylinders so as to accommodate a cavity 16 cast into the crankcase, which cavity 16 contains the timing gears for the engine.
  • the cavity 16 is defined by walls 18, 20, 22, 24 and 26, as seen in FIG. 3 and by walls 28 as seen in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.
  • the wall 18 separates the cavity 16 from a longitudinal coolant gallery 30.
  • the walls 20, 22 and 24 separate the cavity 16 from the general coolant passages 14 surrounding the cylinders 12.
  • the wall 26 is part of a center main bearing support rib 34 which is buttressed from a crankcase skirt 36.
  • the wall 28 separates the cavity 16 from the interiors of cylinders 3 and 4 and, lower down, from the crankcase space 36.
  • the walls 28 merge into the upper center main bearing support 38 which is split to accommodate a crankshaft gearwheel 40 secured to the crankshaft 42, for example by electron beam welding, at the center of the center main bearing journal 44.
  • the center main bearing cap 46 is recessed at 48 to accommodate the gearwheel 40.
  • FIG. 4 shows a two-part camshaft 50, one part having a flange 52 and the other a spigot 54 protruding from a bearing 56.
  • the flange 52 fits into a recess 58 in a cam gearwheel 60 and screws 62 hold the flanges 52, gearwheel 60 and bearing 56 together for mutual rotation.
  • crankshaft gearwheel 40 meshes with cam gearwheel 60 and with an idler gearwheel 64.
  • the cavity 16 opens on the left hand side of the engine, with respect to FIG. 3, and the opening is closed by a load bearing cover member 66 which is bolted to the crankcase around a peripheral flange, as seen in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the cover member 66 is ear shaped and has two apertures in each of two laterally extending walls 70 and 72, FIG. 2.
  • the apertures in the rear lateral wall 70 are at 74 and 76 and are both flanged and provided with threaded holes to receive fastening screws. Only the center line 78 of the screw is shown on the accompanying drawings-both the screw and the screw holes are left out of all aperture cover members for the sake of clarity.
  • the other trunnion is supported directly on a bearing 88 set in the wall 72.
  • the bearing 88 is covered by a plate 90.
  • the lower aperture 76 in the wall 70 is closed by a plate 94 which carries a bearing 96 in which is supported one trunnion of a second auxiliary device drive gearwheel 98.
  • the other trunnion of the gearwheel 98 is carried on a bearing 100 directly in the flanged wall 72.
  • An auxiliary 3 device in the form of a water pump 102 is fastened to the wall 72 by screws, not shown, and its shaft 103 makes driving engagement with the gearwheel 98' by means of a square and entering a square hole 104.
  • Both gearwheel 86 and 98 engage and are driven by the crankshaft through the crankshaft gearwheel 40 and an intermediary drive member in the form of the cam gearwheel 60.
  • gearwheels on the cover member 66 are exemplary in that a gearwheel can be mounted in part by an auxiliary device and in part by the cover member 66 itself. Also, it is clear that by removing the cover 90 and substituting a further auxiliary device, the gearwheel 86 could drive both the hydraulic pump 82 and the new device. Similarly, the gearwheel 98 could drive an additional device, provided it had an outrigger bearing incorporated in it, or as an adaptor, which would be substituted in place of the plate 94. Thus, the cover member 66 would be capable of mounting four auxiliary devices to be driven by two gearwheels.
  • the cover 106 carries three gearwheels, namely an auxiliary device in the form of an injection pump 110, the idler gearwheel 64 and an auxiliary device drive gearwheel 112.
  • the idler gearwheel 64 forms an intermediary drive member and is mounted, as best seen in FIG. 6 on a pedestal 114 fastened to the attachment flanges 116 of the cover member 106.
  • the pump 110 is supported by the cover member 106 on its mounting flange 118, FIG. 1, by screws, not shown, and
  • a spigot 122 is located very accurately in a circular aperture 120 by a spigot 122.
  • an auxiliary device in the form of a compressor 124 is carried by a spigot 126 in an aperture 128 and is held fast to the cover by screws through a flange 130.
  • the apertures 120 and 128' are bored at the same time and on the same jig fixture.
  • the shafts 132 and 134 of the injection pump 110, and the compressor 124 are axially aligned within very close tolerances and the gearwheel 108 is sandwiched between two flanges 136 and 138 which are through-fastened together by screws 140.
  • the flange 136 is fastened to the shaft 132 either integrally or by a key or the like.
  • the flange 138 IS splined internally to receive the splined shaft 134.
  • the gearwheel 108 is not carried directly by the cover member 106 at all.
  • An auxiliary device in the form of steering pump 142 which is a small hydraulic pump, is flange mounted on the cover member 106 and spigotted through an aperture 144, and carries the gearwheel 112 cantilever mounted on its shaft 146. No support is required from the opposite wall designated at 148 and an aperture 150 in the wall is covered by a plate 152.
  • auxiliary drives which may be accommodated on the engine described above is eight.
  • Other auxiliary devices which may be needed in other installations are an electric generator, an exhauster or vacuum pump for the vehicle brakes, a supercharging compressor, and any other power-take-off even though it may require a drive through a universally jointed shaft or flexible shaft to a location remote from the engine.
  • a tachomter drive may also be easily accommodated.
  • both ends of the engine are unencumbered by the presence of timing gears and hence provision can be made for assembling the fan and alternator drives on either end.
  • the fan 154 and the alternator 156 are driven by a pulley and a V-belt 158 from the crankshaft.
  • the starter motor can be assembled on either side of the engine as shown at 160 in FIG. 1 and at 162 in FIG. 2.
  • the presence of the cavity in the crankcase enables two cylinder heads to be used, the advantage being mainly that the smaller cylinder head can be made more easily and is less prone to thermal distortion.
  • the presence of the cavity can be turned to advantage in that coolant can be fed into the coolant gallery 30' at the mid-point of the engine thus leading to more uniform cooling of the cylinders than if the coolant were fed in at one end. Also, the coolant can be drawn off at this point.
  • the embodiment described above relates to reciprocating engine in which the cylinders are arranged in a single bank clearly the invention is equally applicable to multibank engines such as, for example, those having their cylinders arranged in a V-formation.
  • the cavity 16 is preferably arranged so that it opens into the top side of the engine, that is, in the angle between the banks of cylinders.
  • a reciprocating engine comprising a crankcase defining a timing gear cavity located between adjacent cylinders thereof, a crankshaft and a camshaft supported by the crankcase, crankshaft and camshaft timing wheels mounted on their respective shafts and drivingly connected with each other at least partially within said cavity, wherein said cavity is open on at least one side of the crankcase and the cavity opening is closed by a load bearing cover member on which is supported at least one auxiliary device drive wheel which is drivably connected to the crankshaft and to an auxiliary device.
  • An engine according to claim 1 wherein the cylinders thereof are arranged in a single bank and said cavity opens on both lateral sides of the engine and both openings are closed by load bearing cover members on each of which is supported at least one auxiliary device each drivable by an auxiliary device drive wheel supported within the pertinent cover member.
  • crankshaft gear is secured to the crankshaft by electron beam welding.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US00197429A 1970-11-10 1971-11-10 Internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US3719178A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5352270A GB1364454A (en) 1970-11-10 1970-11-10 Reciprocating engines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3719178A true US3719178A (en) 1973-03-06

Family

ID=10468109

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00197429A Expired - Lifetime US3719178A (en) 1970-11-10 1971-11-10 Internal combustion engine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3719178A (OSRAM)
AU (1) AU3507571A (OSRAM)
BR (1) BR7107472D0 (OSRAM)
DE (1) DE2153773A1 (OSRAM)
ES (1) ES396664A1 (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR2113694A5 (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1364454A (OSRAM)
IT (1) IT940459B (OSRAM)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3616672A1 (de) * 1986-05-16 1987-11-19 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Gmbh Nebenantrieb einer brennkraftmaschine fuer mehrere hilfsmaschinen
US5063897A (en) * 1989-07-06 1991-11-12 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. Accessory drive arrangement for engine
US6631702B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2003-10-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine
US6631703B2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-10-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine
DE10314044A1 (de) * 2003-03-28 2004-10-21 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Reibradantrieb

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3522988A1 (de) * 1984-12-13 1986-06-26 Claudius Dr. 5000 Köln Kaniut jun. Split - motor fuer kraftfahrzeuge mit geteilter kurbelwelle und motor - querwelle fuer hilfsgeraete - antriebe
DE3619351C2 (de) * 1985-06-27 1995-04-27 Kaniut Sen Herbert Dipl Ing Multi-Split-Motor für Kraftfahrzeuge mit geteilter Kurbelwelle und Motor-Querwelle für Hilfsgeräte-Antriebe
JP6473095B2 (ja) * 2016-03-29 2019-02-20 ヤンマー株式会社 エンジン装置

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3616672A1 (de) * 1986-05-16 1987-11-19 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Gmbh Nebenantrieb einer brennkraftmaschine fuer mehrere hilfsmaschinen
US5063897A (en) * 1989-07-06 1991-11-12 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. Accessory drive arrangement for engine
US6631702B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2003-10-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine
US6631703B2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-10-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine
DE10314044A1 (de) * 2003-03-28 2004-10-21 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Reibradantrieb

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1364454A (en) 1974-08-21
FR2113694A5 (OSRAM) 1972-06-23
BR7107472D0 (pt) 1973-06-07
AU3507571A (en) 1973-05-03
DE2153773A1 (de) 1972-05-18
IT940459B (it) 1973-02-10
ES396664A1 (es) 1974-12-16

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