US3702684A - Fluidic control mixing nozzle - Google Patents

Fluidic control mixing nozzle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3702684A
US3702684A US112728A US3702684DA US3702684A US 3702684 A US3702684 A US 3702684A US 112728 A US112728 A US 112728A US 3702684D A US3702684D A US 3702684DA US 3702684 A US3702684 A US 3702684A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
nozzle
fluid
flow
outlet orifice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US112728A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bernard Bevengut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pierre Bevengut SA Ets
Sa Dite Pierre Bevengut Ets
Original Assignee
Pierre Bevengut SA Ets
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pierre Bevengut SA Ets filed Critical Pierre Bevengut SA Ets
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3702684A publication Critical patent/US3702684A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/24—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing liquids, e.g. containing solids, or liquids and elastic fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages

Definitions

  • the device comprises a convergent-divergent nozzle, one or more pipes carrying driving fluids are connected to the upstream end of the nozzle, an outlet orifice is located in the downstream end thereof.
  • a tube for feeding a fluid to be propelled or atomized is adjustably mounted in the upstream portion of the nozzle.
  • the zone surrounding the outlet orifice is at a low pressure thereby enabling the discharge of propelled or atomized fluid through the outlet orifice.
  • By varying the pressure of the driving fluid the outlet orifice is in a zone at a high pressure to stop or limit the flow of the fluid from the outlet orifice.
  • the device is particularly useful in atomization, .powdering pressure, flow control and the conveying of powdery materials.
  • the present invention relates to a fluid or pneumatic control mixing nozzle which permits the stopping or limiting of the flow of any sort of fluid at the end of a conduit, using as driving means the dynamic flow phenomena resulting from the use of fluids at high pressure or at low pressure.
  • control means are delicate devices which risk being'worn out very quickly especially if they are permanently in contact with a fluid carrying solid particles.
  • the separated control devices of the driving devices require the use of a supplementary mechanical, electrical, pneumatic or manual force and control, circuits therefor.
  • the device according to the invention overcomes these drawbacks in an extremely simple manner while using for stopping or limiting the flow of a fluid at the end of a conduit using exclusively dynamic flow phenomena.
  • the invention consists in a method of controlling the flow of a fluid to be propelled or atomized in a tube, said tube being disposed in the upstream portion of a nozzle, the outlet orifice of the propulsion or atomizating device being disposed in the downstream portion, said upstream portion being connected to at least one conduit carrying a driving fluid under pressure, comprising changing the pressure in the driving fluid in order to create at the outlet orifice of the tube a variable high or low pressure zone.
  • the shape of the nozzle depends .On the particular application, but it is substantially conwhich are created and vary,
  • the invention also concerns a fluid control mixing nozzle to be used in carrying out the above method.
  • the mixing nozzle comprises a conduit having an upstream portion connected to one or more conduits carrying a driving fluid at a variable adjustable pressure and having a downstream portion including an outlet orifice, a tube for feeding a fluid to be propelled or atomized adjustably mounted in the upstream portion, such that for a given pressure of the driving fluid, the said orifice is located in a. low pressure and delivery zone for the fluid, whereas by changing the pressure of the driving fluid, the orifice is located in a high pressure zone which prevents or .limits the flow of fluid at the outlet.
  • the interior shape of the conduit is preferably convergent-divergent, convergent-cylindrical, or convergent-cylindrical-divergent.
  • the shape is convergent-divergent with an inlet angle of approximately 50 and an outlet angle of approximately 7.
  • means are provided responsive to change of pressure of the driving fluid for relative, adjustable displacement between the convergent-divergent conduit and. the tube in order to facilitate the creation of and amplify the variable high pressure or low pressure zone.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the principle of operation of the nozzle according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the use of the nozzle according to the invention in an atomizing apparatus
  • FIG. 3 shows an elevation view partially in section of an embodiment of a nozzle according to the invention:
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the nozzle shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a control device according to the present invention.
  • the method of nozzle control according to the invention is based on the use of high and low pressure zones according to the pressure, the shape and the relative arrangement of the elements which are subject to the effect of the fluid in order to create a compression or depression for stopping or reversing the flow in the line.
  • An interesting application of the mixing nozzle according to the invention is in atomizing; apparatus.
  • the mixing nozzle operates by the sucking-up of liquid to be atomized.
  • the same driving fluid used for the atomiza tion may be used for the starting and the stopping of the nozzle.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the operation of such an atomizing apparatus.
  • the mixing nozzle B is connected to a conduit M with a selecting valve to which is connected two conduits P and P carrying air at different pressures.
  • the mixing nozzle B is also connected by a tube N to a tank L containing liquid to be atomized.
  • the expansion of air fed to the mixing nozzle B by the conduit P for example assures the atomization of the liquid drawn up from the tank L via tube N with or without supplementary flow.
  • the atomizing is stopped by rapidly varying the pressure of the driving air to create a high pressure zone at the orifice of tube N (stopping or reducing the flow rate if there is a driving pressure acting on the liquid).
  • the rapid pressure change can be effected, for example, by means of the selecting valve S by passing from conduit P to conduit P where the air in conduit P is at a pressure much greater than that in the conduit P
  • This counter-pressure can also be used to cause a reverse flow of air in the tube N in order to blow off the latter, for siphon unpriming, for bubbling the liquid in the tank while the atomizing is stopped thus creating a current R flowing in the direction opposite to the current A.
  • Such an atomizing apparatus can be easily brought under the control of the operating cycle of a machine having only a single compressed air circuit.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a mixing nozzle according to the invention.
  • This mixing nozzle comprises a body 1 having an inlet 1a for introducing fluid to be vaporized or sprayed and a spray nozzle 2 whose axis is at right angles with the axis of the inlet 1a.
  • the spray nozzle 2 is surrounded by an annular space 3 into which extends the upstream end of a convergent-divergent spout 4 coaxial with the spray nozzle 2.
  • the space 3 is in communication with an inlet for introducing driving fluid (air for example) at a variable, adjustable pressure.
  • a spring 5 simply serving to urge the spout 4 against a knurled clamping nut 6 in a predetermined pre-adjustment position.
  • the spout 4 is maintained in adjusted position by the clamping nut 6 which is screwed onto the body of the vaporizing or spraying device.
  • the interior shape of the spout 4 is chosen in order to obtain the sought after effect on the flow of fluids according to the desired pressures and volumes, e.g. a maximum suction at a certain point and a certain pressure and the special suction variation effect as a function of the pressure of the driving fluid.
  • the interior shape of the spout 4 is substantially convergent-divergent with successions of angular sections.
  • the convergent section may possibly be separated from the divergent section by a cylindrical section and the shape of the interior shape of the spout may vary as it depends on the characteristics of the apparatus.
  • the separation between the spraying nozzle and the spout 4 is set in the course of operation, and the spray nozzle-spout distance is determined beforehand.
  • the position of the spout 4 is held by an adjustable stop 7.
  • the displacement of the low pressure high pressure zones in line with the spray nozzle 2 is effected by merely varying the pressure of the driving fluid.
  • a pressure rise or drop to the predetermined pressures of the driving fluid introduced by the inlet 1b is thus effected at the inlet 1a.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variation of the embodiment of FIG. 3 in which the spring 5 is replaced by a calibrated spring 8 interposed between the spout and the nut 6.
  • the calibrated spring 8 acts as a stop against the spout 4 to maintain it at a low pressure; the spray nozzle is in zone of lowest pressure or maximum depression.
  • the stop means 7 enables the spring 8 to be put under a tension determined as a function of the pressures used. At a higher pressure, the spring 8 collapses under the force exerted by the air acting on the upstream portion of the spout 4: the spray nozzle 2 is thus in position upstream of the neck of the spout 4 in a reverse flow zone.
  • FIG. 5 shows an apparatus for controlling the pressures of a driving fluid, for example a combination of vaporizing mixing nozzle or spraying devices such as shown in FIG. 3 or 4.
  • a driving fluid for example a combination of vaporizing mixing nozzle or spraying devices such as shown in FIG. 3 or 4.
  • Such an apparatus comprising a conduit 10 connected on one hand to one or more mixing nozzles B (not shown) and on the other hand to a source of air at a constant pressure (not shown) via an electrically operated valve 11, a pressure-reducing valve 12 and a manual blow-01f filter 13.
  • the electrically operated valve 11 is shunted by a second electrically operated valve 14 in series with a pressure adjusting tap 15.
  • Upstream of the valve 11 a manometer 16 for controlling the feed pressure is branched off the conduit 10.
  • a manometer 17 for controlling modulated pressures is connected via safety valve 18 to conduit 10 downstream of the valve 11.
  • another electrically operated exhaust valve is branched oil the conduit 10.
  • the valves 11 and 14 are opened by
  • the present invention is applicable for atomizing liquids, for powdering or even for a device for pneumatically conveying powdery materials.
  • the mixing nozzle according to the invention may be used as a pressure control or a flow control and in pneumatic logic circuits, as well as in all the cases where the stopping or reversing of pressure in a conduit is required.
  • the variation of the pressure in the tube N for a given set up causes a variation of the pressure whether positive or negative in the tube N. Therefore independent of the simple suction, stopping or back flow in the tube N, by the variation of the pressure in the tube N, the pressure variation in N can be systematically followed according to the pressure variation in M.
  • the variation in N cannot only be used as a signal but also in putting to use the flow obtained by the changes in suction or back flow in N to operate directly a pneumatic sensor, such as a diaphragm or a jack, acting in turn on an auxiliary regulating mechanism.
  • a mixing nozzle assembly comprising a nozzle body having an outlet, a product supply inlet into said nozzle body, a propellant supply inlet into said nozzle body, and control means within said nozzle body responsive to the supplying of propellant through said propellant supply inlet at a first positive pressure to eifect flow of product into said nozzle body for mixing with propellant flowing through said nozzle body, said control means being further responsive to the supplying of propellant through said propellant supply inlet at a second positive pressure to stop product flow through said product supply inlet while retaining said product supply inlet in physical conductive relation with said outlet.
  • control means provides a positive propellant pressure in said product supply inlet at said second positive pressure to reverse product flow in said product supply inlet.
  • the mixing nozzle of claim 1. together with a product supply source, a product supply line communicating said product supply source with said product supply inlet, and wherein said control means provides a positive propellant pressure in said product supply inlet with propellant back flow through said product supply line at said second positive pressure.
  • control means include a discharge spout, and means mounting said discharge spout for movement between first and second positions in accordance with the selective supplying of propellant at said first and second pressures with said discharge spout remaining in communication with both said propellant supply inlet and said product supply inlet in all positions thereof.
  • control means include internal spray nozzle means for discharging product only, and cooperating discharge spout means for receiving sprayed product from said spray nozzle means and controlled quantities of product and mixing and discharging same.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
US112728A 1970-02-11 1971-02-04 Fluidic control mixing nozzle Expired - Lifetime US3702684A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7004842A FR2079749A5 (enExample) 1970-02-11 1970-02-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3702684A true US3702684A (en) 1972-11-14

Family

ID=9050463

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US112728A Expired - Lifetime US3702684A (en) 1970-02-11 1971-02-04 Fluidic control mixing nozzle

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3702684A (enExample)
BE (1) BE762375A (enExample)
CH (1) CH532426A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2105074A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2079749A5 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1346248A (enExample)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2547215A1 (fr) * 1983-06-08 1984-12-14 Rousselot Claude Pulverisateur transversal de liquide au moyen d'air comprime
US4901926A (en) * 1987-12-15 1990-02-20 Hoesch Metall & Kunststoffwerk Gmbh & Co. Whirlpool tub with automatic pre-flushing of the system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2547215A1 (fr) * 1983-06-08 1984-12-14 Rousselot Claude Pulverisateur transversal de liquide au moyen d'air comprime
US4901926A (en) * 1987-12-15 1990-02-20 Hoesch Metall & Kunststoffwerk Gmbh & Co. Whirlpool tub with automatic pre-flushing of the system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2079749A5 (enExample) 1971-11-12
BE762375A (fr) 1971-08-02
DE2105074A1 (de) 1971-08-19
GB1346248A (en) 1974-02-06
CH532426A (fr) 1973-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3622078A (en) Spraying device for pastelike material with shutoff valve means for the material
US7234649B2 (en) Spray gun
US5284299A (en) Pressure compensated HVLP spray gun
US4726523A (en) Ultrasonic injection nozzle
US2380827A (en) Multiple spraying device
US3936002A (en) Adjustable spray tip
KR930004040B1 (ko) 분말 분무장치 및 방법
US4260563A (en) Apparatus including a venturi for removing impurities from a gaseous mixture
GB1450170A (en) Solvent cleaning of spray nozzles
KR970005401A (ko) 액상 제품 분무 방법 및 장치
JP2018040349A5 (enExample)
JPH07185397A (ja) 遮断時滴下防止機能を伴う液体ディスペンサ
US2987221A (en) Powder ejector assembly
US3599832A (en) Flow control of fluidized material
US3537653A (en) Adhesive applicators
US3702684A (en) Fluidic control mixing nozzle
GB1102281A (en) Spray shower assembly with self cleaning nozzle
EP1121202A2 (en) Method and apparatus for spraying
GB977077A (en) Liquid spraying apparatus
US721665A (en) Hose-nozzle.
JPH02282571A (ja) コンクリートのドライスプレイ用の混合用スプレイノズルアセンブリー
US2913187A (en) Spray gun for viscous liquids
US561483A (en) Twentieths to charles a
GB2289743A (en) Diverter valve
US1321014A (en) Method of and apparatus for