Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/046—Salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/08—Silicates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/221—Mono, di- or trisaccharides or derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C11D3/33—Amino carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
  • C11D3/38609—Protease or amylase in solid compositions only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
  • C11D3/3951—Bleaching agents combined with specific additives

Definitions

• sucrose in a detergent formulation may be ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE 10 varied, a desirable range is from about 1% to by i weight of the total formulation, a preferred range being A f g OOmPQSIUOX ⁇ partlculafly for l from approximately 2% by weight to approximately 10% mg dishes, glasses and silverware in mechanical devices by weight of the total formulation such as automatic dishwashers and capable of reducing
• a primary object of the present invention resides spot lug and filmlng therwf, Contalnmg as essennal 15 in the provision of cleaning compositions capable of mgl'edlents about 140% Sucrose, hallde bleach providing essentially spot-free tableware. ing agent, and 40-9570 0?
• Another object of the present invention resides in the Orgamc and/01' lnorganlc builder Saltprovision of cleaning compositions capable of providing superior cleaning activity, eg bleaching, washing, etc. 0 Still another object of the present invention resides in The present lnventlon re t In genefifl.
• a final and separate rinse has been recommended by the prior art after a clear water rinse (to rid the solution of the alkali found in the wash stage), which contain a water-soluble starch degradation product and/or sugar; or an ester of a sugar and a fatty acid; or a low foaming organic polyethenoxy non-ionic surfactant and a polyoxyalkylene glycol mixture; etc.
• a watersoluble alkaline detergent composition for automatic dishwashing comprises about 40-95% by weight of at least one water soluble organic and/or inorganic builder salt; about l-20% by weight sucrose, and about 0.5-5 by weight of a bleaching agent capable of releasing hypohalite in aqueous media.
• sucrose contemplated for use in the practice of the present invention and capable of substantially reducing both spotting and filming of tableware is watersoluble, and may be either fine or granulated.
• Sucrose is a. disaccharide composed of D-glucose and D-fructose, having the chemical formula C H O and also known as saccharose and saccharobiose.
• sucrose is known as sugar, and is produced from cane sugar (ordinary table sugar), beet sugar, maple sugar, and sorghum sugar.
• the type and amount of sugar utilized is dependent on availability, cost and compatibility with the other ingredients of the detergent composition.
• the granulated form of sugar has been found preferable because of the ease with which it can be blended with the other ingredients. It has been found that amounts as low as 1% sucrose by weight are effective in obtaining superior inhibition of spotting and filming of tablewere washed in a mechanical dishwasher, although the preferred range is 2 to 10% by weight of the total detergent composition.
• the wuter soluble builder salts utilized in the instant detergent composition comprises one or more inorganic and/or organic basic and neutral water soluble salts.
• the builder salts are employed in amounts ranging up to about 95%, i.e. 40-95% by weight with a range of from about 60% to about by weight of the composition being preferred.
• Suitable inorganic builders include without necessary limitation, trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate hexahydrate, sodium monobasic phosphate, sodium dibasic phosphate, sodium hexameta phosphate, sodium silicates, SiO /Na 0 of 1/1 to 3.2/1, e.g.
• Suitable organic builders include salts of organic acids and, in particular, the water soluble salts of aminopolycarboxylic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids.
• the alkali metal salts such as sodium potassium and lithium; ammonium and substituted ammonium salts such as methylammonium, diethanolammonium and triethanolammonium; and amine salts such as mono, diand triethanolamine, methylamine, octylamino, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and ethylenediamine are efiicacious.
• the acid portion of the salt can be derived from acids such as nitrilodiacetic; N-(Z-hydroxyethyl) nitrilodiacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethylenediamine tetracetic acid, (EDTA); N-(2-hydrooxyethyl) ethylenediamine triacetic acid; 2-hydroxyethyl iminodiacetic acid; l,2-diaminocyclohexanediacetic acid; diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid, citric acid and the like.
• the builder salt is preferably employed in amounts sufficient to yield a pH in water of from 9.5 to 12 preferably from 10 to 11 in order to obtain optimum detergency performance.
• the cleaning compositions described herein are further provided with one or more bleaching agents which may in general be defined as encompassing compounds capable of liberating a hypohalite such as hypochlorite chlorine and/or hypobromite bromine on contact with aqueous media.
• bleaching agents include the dry, particulate heterocyclic N-bromo and N- chloro imides such as trichlorocyanuric, tribromocyanuric acid, dibromoand dichlorocyanuric acid, the salts thereof with water-solubilizing cations such as potassium and sodium and mixtures thereof.
• Particular compounds found useful are potassium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyanuric acids.
• N-bromo and N-chloro imides may also be used, such as N-brominated and N-chlorinated succinimide, malonimide phthalimide and naphthalimide.
• Other compounds include the hydantoins, such as 1,3-dibromo and 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin; N monochloro-5,5- dimethylhydantoin, methylene bis(N bromo 5,5 dimethylhydantoin); l,3-dibromo and 1,3-dichloro-S-isobutylhydantoin; 1,3-bromo and 1,3-dichloro, -methyl-5- n-amylhydantoin, and the like.
• hypohaliteliberating agents comprise tribromomelamine and trichloromelamine. Dry, particulate, water soluble anhydrous inorganic salts are likewise suitable for use such as lithium hypochlorite and hypobromite.
• the hypohaliteliberating agent may, if desired, be provided in the form of a stable, solid complex or hydrate, such as sodium ptoluene-sulfo bromamine trihydrate, sodium benzenesulfo-chloramine-dihydrate, calcium hypobromite tetrahydrate, calcium hypochlorite tetrahydrate etc.
• Brominated and chlorinated trisodium phosphate formed by the reaction of the corresponding sodium hypohalite solution with trisodium phosphate (and Water as necessary) likewise comprise efiicacious materials.
• the present invention contemplates as an additional embodiment the use of bleaching agents capable of liberating hypochlorite as well as hypobromite such as, for example, the N- brominated, N-ch1orinated heterocyclic imides, as for example the N-bromo, N'-chlorocyanuric acids and salts thereof, e.g., N-monobromo-N, N-dichloro-cyanuric acid, N-mono-bromo-N-monochlorocyanuric acid, sodium-N monobromo N monochloroeyanurate, potassium .N- monobromo-N-monochlorocyanurate; and the N-brominated, N-chloronated hydantoins, e.g., N-bro
• hypohalite-liberating compound is employed in an amount of from 0.5 to 5% by weight of the composition, and preferably in an amount of from about 0.5 to 3% by weight thereof.
• hypohalide material should preferably be employed in amounts sufficient to yield from about 0.5-3% available chlorine, bromine etc. in order to assure optimum results.
• Water soluble organic detergents i.e. surface active components may be employed, such materials bein well known in the prior art, the term detergent comprehending species of the anionic, cationic, amphoteric and zwitterionic types.
• a low foaming detergent such as the non-ionics.
• Nonionic surface active agents include those surface active or detergent compounds which contain an organic hydrophobic group and a hydrophilic group which is a reaction product of a solubilizing group such as carboxylate, hydroxyl, amido or amino with ethylene oxide or with the polyhydration product thereof, polyethylene glycol.
• nonionic surface active agents which may be used there may be noted the condensation products of alkyl phenols with ethylene oxide, e.g., the reaction product of isooctyl phenol with about 6 to 30 ethylene oxide units; condensation products of alkyl thiophenols with 10 to 15 ethylene oxide units; condensation products of higher fatty alcohols of monoesters of hexahydric alcohols and inner ethers thereof such as sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitol mono-oleate and mannitan monopalmitate, and the condensation products of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide.
• condensation products of alkyl phenols with ethylene oxide e.g., the reaction product of isooctyl phenol with about 6 to 30 ethylene oxide units
• condensation products of alkyl thiophenols with 10 to 15 ethylene oxide units condensation products of higher fatty alcohols of monoesters of hexahydric alcohols and inner ethers thereof such as sorbitan monolaurate,
• Suitable detergents are polyoxyalkene esters of organic acids, such as the higher fatty acids, rosin acids, tall oil, or acids from the oxidation of petroleum, and the like.
• the polyglycol esters will usually contain from about 8 to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide or its equivalent and about 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the acyl group.
• Suitable products are refined tall oil condensed with 16 or 20 ethylene oxide groups, or similar polyglycol esters of lauric, stearic, oleic and like acids.
• Non-ionic detergents are the polyalkylene oxide condensates with higher fatty acid amides, such as the higher fatty acid primary amides and higher fatty acid monoand di-ethanol amides.
• Suitable agents are coconut fatty acid amide condensed with about 10 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide.
• the fatty acyl group will similarly have about 8 to 22 carbon atoms, usually about 10 to 18 carbon atoms in each product.
• the corresponding sulphonamides may also be used if desired.
• polyether non-ionic detergents are the polyalkylene oxide ethers of higher aliphatic alcohols.
• Suitable alcohols are those having a hydrophobic character, and preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Examples thereof are iso-octyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl and oleyl alcohols which may be condensed with an appropriate amount of ethylene oxide, such as at least about 6, and preferably about 10-30 moles.
• a typical product is tridecyl alcohol, produced by the 0x0 process, condensed with about 12, 15 or 20 moles of ethylene oxide.
• the corresponding higher alkyl mercaptans or thioalcohols condensed with ethylene oxide are also suitable for use in compositions of the present invention.
• wetting agents examples include low foaming anionic materials such as dodecyl hydrogen phosphate, methyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium Z-acetamidohexadecane-l-sulfonatc, and mixtures thereof. Mixtures of the foregoing wetting agents may also be employed, and, if desired, foam-reducing additive may be added as appropriate to minimize undesirable foaming tendencies of these wetting agents under conditions of use.
• the detergent material is employed in concentrations ranging from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight of total composition with a range of 1% to 3% being particularly preferred.
• nonionic type de tergent that is, about 24% is especially beneficial inasmuch as it acts as a a foam depressant as well as a detersive agent in an automatic dishwashing solution.
• overglaze protectors including aluminum acetate, aluminum formate, sodium and aluminum phosphate, alkali aluminate, zincate, berylliate, perfumes, boric oxide, boric anhydride, etc. In some instances it may be commercially feasible to add said ingredients to render them more attractive to the consumer.
• This method is modified for testing formulations for use in dishwashers to show spotting and film build-up on glass tumblers and/or photographic plates in the presence of a standard soil comprising 80% margarine and 20% Starlac by equally loading a dishwasher with five glass tumblers and live photographic plates on the upper rack and six large dinner plates plus smaller plates on the bottom rack; adding the standard soil to the dishwashers; placing 30 grams of detergent in each cup for a 0.3% concentration; introducing tap water at 140 F. and running the machine through a complete cycle. The contents are cooled to 75 F. and visually rated in the presence of good light in accordance with the following scale:
• compositions are prepared usually by dry-blending the ingredients to form a dry, particulate product such as a free-flowing granular composition or powder.
• EXAMPLE 1 This example illustrates the applicability of the present invention to the preparation and use of cleaning compositions specifically adapted for use in connection with dishwashing operations.
• the following composition is prepared:
• the non-ionic detergent is the product obtained by the condensation of about three mols of propylene oxide with the condensation product of one mole of a mixture of essentially straight chain, primary, fatty alcohols in the Cm-C18 range with about six mols of ethylene oxide.
• Results of evaluations of the tableware are tabulated below as an average of four washes. (Rating scale: 1-no spotting or filming to 5heavy spotting or filming).
• the bleach-no sugar formula is a control wherein the 6% sucrose is replaced by additional amounts of 2% of said phosphate and 4% sulfate.
• instant formulation provides essentially spotand film-free tableware, inclusive of stainless steel, silverware, copperware and aluminum ware in addition to glass tumblers and plates.
• This same composition without the sugar exhibited spotting, filming and discoloration of aluminum ware, copperware, silverware and stainless steel as well as spotting and filming of glassware.
• this composition exhibited superior overglaze protection when the sucrose is present, i.e., a synergistic effect in overglaze protection of fine china is produced by the combination of overglaze protecting agent and sucrose.
• Example 2 is repeated except that the sodium acid alummum phosphate is omitted and 6% boric anhydride added and the sodium sulfate reduced to 2.6%. The results obtained are similar to those of Example 2.
• Example 2 is repeated except that 6% boric anhydride 18 added and the sodium sulfate is omitted and the phosphate content reduced to 61.1%.
• Example 2 is repeated, but 3% boric anhydride is added and the sodium sulfate is reduced to 2.6%.
• EXAMPLE 7 Ingredients: Percent Sodium nitrilotriacetate -a 35.0 Sodium ethylene-diaminetetracetate 2.0 Polyamino methyl phosphonate 0.5 Potassium dichloroisocyan'urate 1.5 Non-ionic detergentEx. 1 2.0 Sucrose 6.0 Sodium acid aluminum phosphate 3.0 Soda ash 35.0 Sodium sulfate, anhydrous 15.0
• EXAMPLE 8 Ingredients: Percent Anhydrous sodium metasilicate 15.0 Anhydrous sodium sulfate 11.0 Non-ionic detergent-Ex. 1 2.0 Potassium dichloroisocyanurate 1.0 Trisodium nitriloacetic acid 40.0 Sodium citrate dihydrate 25.0 Sucrose 6.0
• compositions provided in accordance with the present invention are capable of superior cleaning activity i.e., displaying an outstanding capacity to readily remove stain deposits from a wide variety of glazed dishware and aluminum ware, without generally adversely affecting said glazed surfaces.
• Effective industrial bottle cleaning compositions may be provided in accordance with the present invention by merely admixing with caustic alkali whereby to provide a highly alkaline composition preferably having a pH of about 12.
• Such compositions may be readily formulated in accordance with the parameters hereinbefore described.
• the detergent composition of the present invention finds most efiicacious utilization in connection with the washing of the dishes and the like in automatic dishwashers, naturally, the detergent may be utilized in other fashions as desired. Usually, however, the best mode of use will be in connection with automatic dishwashers which have the ability of dispensing the detergent of the present invention in one or more separate wash cycles. Accordingly, the detergent compositions of the present invention is added to the two receptacles, if such are present, in an automatic dishwasher. When the dishwasher is set 1nto operation, after the dishes have been suitably posltioned therein, the automatic devices of the dishwasher permit the addition of sufficient water to produce a concentration of the detergent composition of approximately 0.15 to 0.5 by weight.
• the operation of the dishwasher results In treating, that is, washing of the dishes with the aqueous solution of the detergent composition.
• sequence of operation in utilizing an automatic dishwasher results in one or more rinsing steps following the one or more washing cycles.
• the detergent composition of the present invention it will be noted that the tableware is substantially spotand film-free without resorting to a separate and distinct final rinse with rinsing aids.
• these detergent compositions are substantially non-corrosive to the overglaze on china and to aluminum ware.
• a water-soluble alkaline dishwasher detergent composition capable of substantially reducing the spotting and filming of tableware consisting essentially of about 40-95% by weight of at least one water-soluble organic and/or inorganic basic or neutral builder salt; about 1-20% by weight of sucrose; and 0.5-5.0% by Weight of a bleaching agent capable of releasing hypochlorite or hypobromite in an aqueous media.
• composition in accordance with claim 2 which also includes about 0.5 to 5% by weight of a water-soluble low-foaming non-ionic organic detergent.
• composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the organic detergent constitutes l3% by weight of a non-ionic ethoxylated alcohol surfactant.
• a composition in accordance with claim 3, wherein the bleaching agent is potassium dichloroisocyanurate.
• composition in accordance with claim 1 which also includes an overglaze protector.
• composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the builder salt is sodium citrate.
• a method for treating glasses, dishes and tableware to remove foreign bodies from the surfaces thereof in a spot and film-free condition comprising treating said tableware with a dilute aqueous solution of the composition defined in claim 1.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (13)

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• 1971
  • 1971-04-12 US US133338A patent/US3701735A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1971-12-03 US US00204752A patent/US3821118A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1971-12-03 US US00204751A patent/US3826748A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1972
  • 1972-03-28 CA CA138,364A patent/CA971072A/en not_active Expired
  • 1972-04-05 DE DE19722216321 patent/DE2216321A1/de active Pending
  • 1972-04-06 AU AU40813/72A patent/AU465822B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1972-04-06 GB GB1596972A patent/GB1387315A/en not_active Expired
  • 1972-04-10 CH CH525472A patent/CH571568A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1972-04-10 FR FR7212425A patent/FR2132803B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1972-04-12 NL NL7204917A patent/NL7204917A/xx unknown
  • 1972-06-08 US US00260721A patent/US3852209A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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