US3699937A - Solid state controlled automatic choke - Google Patents

Solid state controlled automatic choke Download PDF

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Publication number
US3699937A
US3699937A US169002A US3699937DA US3699937A US 3699937 A US3699937 A US 3699937A US 169002 A US169002 A US 169002A US 3699937D A US3699937D A US 3699937DA US 3699937 A US3699937 A US 3699937A
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Prior art keywords
thermistor
engine
heating means
improvement defined
choke valve
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Expired - Lifetime
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US169002A
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English (en)
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Peter S De Petris
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M1/00—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures
    • F02M1/08—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures the means to facilitate starting or idling becoming operative or inoperative automatically
    • F02M1/10—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures the means to facilitate starting or idling becoming operative or inoperative automatically dependent on engine temperature, e.g. having thermostat
    • F02M1/12—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures the means to facilitate starting or idling becoming operative or inoperative automatically dependent on engine temperature, e.g. having thermostat with means for electrically heating thermostat

Definitions

  • the e1ec- 2,965,082 Carlson ..l23/1 19 F trical heating means y be either a Conventional $158,322 11/1964 Ffrbacher "123/119 F sistance heater or a positive temperature coefficient 3,179,098 4/1965 Highley et a1. ..123/119 F thermistor 3,185,453 5/1965 Mennesson ..261/39 R 3,198,185 8/1965 Nastas ..123/119 F 9 Claims, 11 Drawing Figures PATENTED 0012 I9 2 3.699.937
  • the present invention contemplates solid state control means for' a thermostatically controlled choke valve wherein an electrically operated heating means provide heat for the thermostatic spring.
  • the rate of heating the spring is controlled by a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor.
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient
  • the thermistor is positioned to sense the desired temperature conditions, whether ambient air, engine block temperature or a combination thereof. As the temperature of the thermistor increases, the current through the heating means increases and thus heats the thermostatic spring at the desired rate for smoother warm-up of the engine and to minimize air pollution.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view through a portion of an engine embodying one form of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the thermistor and its mounting as used in theform shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic fragmentary sectional view through a modified form of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the thermistor mount of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but showing a further modification of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary partially sectional view of a still further modification of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 6 but showing another embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 9-9 of FIG. 8.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are perspective views of alternative mounting means for thermistors in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a portion of an engine block 2 with the automatic choke portion of a carburetor 4 shown.
  • the portion 4 defines a passageway 6 leading to the intake manifolds of the engine and in which a choke valve 8 is pivotally mounted by means of choke shaft 10 journalled in suitable bushings 12.
  • the choke shaft 10 is provided with an arm or link 14 turned outwardly at its end 16.
  • Numeral 18 designates a cover for the automatic choke mechanism, which covers are con- 0 ventionally formed of suitable plastic material, which also constitutes electrical insulation.
  • Fixedly mounted in the cover 18 is a support shaft 20 having a slot or groove' 22 therein.
  • a bimetallic spiral spring 24 is formed with an inner end portion 26 (see FIG. 5) within the slot 22.
  • the outer end of the spring 24 is connected to the end portion 16 of arm 14.
  • the structure thus far described is conventional and, as is well known, when the spring 24 is cold, it assumes a shape and position holding the choke valve 8 substantially closed, that is, extending across the passageway 6.
  • the spring 24 When the spring 24 is heated it expands and, through arm 14, rotates the choke valve 8 to an open position.
  • heat generally originating at the exhaust manifold of the engine is conducted to the interior of the cover 18 to provide the necessary heat for the spring 24 as the engine warms up.
  • heat conducting means are subject to failure and blockage and do not provide reliably efficient and proper response of the spring 24.
  • the support shaft 20 is fixedly secured to a metal cup 28 securely and fixedly mounted in an opening 30 in cover 18.
  • an electrical heating device 32 is fixedly mounted to the cup member 28.
  • the heating device 32 may be either a conventional electrical resistance element or a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC).
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient thermistor
  • a suitable ground conductor 34 is electrically connected to the shaft 10 and electrically connected to the metal portions of the engine, constituting a ground. Such grounding could be provided by conductive bushings 12, conductive lubricants, or the like.
  • Numeral 36 designates a negative temperature coefficient thermistor brazed, soldered or otherwise fixedly secured to a pair of contact-support members 38 and 40.
  • the securement is such as to provide good heat conductivity between the thermistor and its supports and good electrical connection therebetween.
  • the assembly of thermistor 36 and its supports is shown in greater detail in FIG. 2.
  • one end of each element 38 and 40 is provided with an opening 42 by which the assembly is mounted on the engine block 2.
  • supports 38 and 40 are held to the engine block by a bolt or the like 44 but are electrically insulated from the engine block by suitable insulating spacers 46.
  • the other ends of the support members 38 and 40 are formed as terminal lugs 48 and 50.
  • the heating means 32 is also provided with a terminal lug member 52 thereon in electrical contact therewith. As shown, the terminal lug 52 is electrically connected to terminal lug 50 and terminal lug 48 is electrically connected to one side of a source of electrical power represented in FIG. 1 by battery 54. The other terminal of the battery is connected to ground (some portion of the engine block or attachments). While a battery 54 is indicated herein, it is to be understood that it represents a suitable source of electrical power, which may include suitable voltage control or regulating devices and/or current limiting resistors.
  • the electrical heating device 32 is shown as being enclosed by a suitable protective material 56, such as an epoxy resin or the like, as is true also of other embodiments.
  • the spring 24 holds the choke valve 8 in its closed position and thermistor 36 is cold so that very little current can flow.
  • voltage is supplied to the electrical circuit just described and a small current flows from battery 24 through thermistor 36, then through heating means 32 to the support shaft 20, spring 24, arm 14 and shaft 10., and conductor 34 to ground, to which the other side of the battery is connected.
  • the thermistor 36 presents a relatively high resistance to current flow.
  • the resistance of thermistor 36 and increasing temperature of its surroundings causes it to warm up somewhat, which results in a reduction in its resistance and increase in current flow.
  • the current flow through heater 32 produces heat which is conducted directly to the spring 24, through support shaft 20, to cause the same to start expanding and to commence opening choke valve 8. Since the thermistor 36 is mounted in close proximity to the engine block, heat from the latter as the engine warms up causes a further reduction in resistance of thermistor 36 and thus more rapidly increases current flow to heater 32 to accelerate opening of the choke valve as engine tempera ture increases. When the parts reach normal operating temperature, current continues to flow through heating means 32 to thus hold the choke valve open during engine operation.
  • the contact between spring 24 and its support shaft 20 and between the spring and arm portion 16 of arm 14 be good electrical contact to conduct current thereacross without arcing.
  • the conductor 34 is provided to ensure good current conduction to ground without arcing. Any arcing present at the aforementioned connections could cause the parts to stick and would present a serious fire hazard, in view of the proximity to the explosive gas-air mixture in the regions of the carburetor.
  • the total resistance of the circuit through the thermistor and heating means to thebattery shall have a value of from 1.0 ohm to 2,000 ohms when the engine is at normal operating temperature. This ensures maintenance of the choke valve in open condition during engine operation.
  • the thermistor 36 is electrically insulated from the engine block 2 and current through the heating means 32 passes through spring 24 to ground.
  • FIG. 3 a modification is shown wherein the choke valve shaft and spring 24 are not used as part of the electrical circuit.
  • the heating means 22 is mounted in substantially the same manner as described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the outer end of spring 24 is electrically insulated-from the portion 16 of arm 4 by a suitable insulating bushing 58, (best seen in FIG. 5).
  • the thermistor 36 is mounted on a single support bracket 60 serving as a support therefor and as a conductor for electrically connecting the thermistor 36 to engine block 2. Bracket 60 is secured directly to the engine block by means of a bolt 62.
  • a terminal lug 64 on thermistor 36 is electrically connected to the metal cup member 28 on which heating means 32 is mounted and the terminal lug 52 is connected to the battery 52 in the manner shown in FIG. 3. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the engine of FIG. 3 operates in identically the same manner as does the form of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 6 The modification shown in FIG. 6 is quite similar to that shown in FIG. 3 but differs in the manner of mounting the heating device 32. As shown in FIG. 6,
  • the metal cup 28 is not electrically connected to they heating device 32. It is insulated therefrom by a layer of electrical insulation 66 and a contact plate 68 is positioned against the heating device 32, which contact plate is provided with a terminal lug 70. In this-form the current passes through only the heating device 32, then to the thermistor 36. As in the form shown in FIG. 3, in-
  • sulating means 58 is provided between the spring 24 and the portion 16 of arm 14, but insulation 58 is not required if insulator 66 is used. It may be desirable to omit insulator 66 for better heat conduction to shaft 20.
  • numeral 72 designates a portion of the manifold of the engine, having a well 74 therein and into which a portion of the spring 24 extends.
  • the spring support shaft 20 and heating means 32 are directly connected to a bracket 76.
  • the bracket 76 is electrically insulated from the manifold, by insulating means 78.
  • the contact member 52 is in firm electrical contact with the heating means 32 and connected to the battery while bracket 76 is connected to lug 64.
  • this form of the invention also includes electrical insulation between the end of spring 24 and the portion 16 of arm 14 and a housing or cover (not shown) is provided.
  • the cover 18 is provided with a large opening 86 in its side wall and that opening is substantially filled by a plug or wall member 88 formed of electrical resistance material.
  • the spring support shaft 20 is mounted directly in the wall portion 88 to be in good heat conductive contact therewith.
  • a metallic ring 90 is embedded in the outer periphery of the wall portion 88 in good electrical contact therewith and is further provided with a terminal lug 92 connected to one side of the battery 54.
  • the outer end of spring support shaft 20 is provided with a terminal lug 94 electrically connected to the terminal lug 64 of thermistor 36.
  • the heating device is in direct heat conductive contact with the spring support shaft 20 which in turn is in heat conductive contact with the spring itself 'to thus enhance heating the same at the desired rate.
  • FIGS. 3, 6, 7 and 8 all show the thermistor 36 (NTC) mounted on a single bracket electrically connected to the engine block or manifold, employing the latter as a part of the electrical circuit.
  • the thermistor 36 (NTC) of any or all of the embodiments may be mounted inthe manner described with reference to FIG. 1 wherein it is not electrically connected to ground.
  • FIGS. 3, 6, 7 and 8 when a thermistor is mounted in the manner shown in FIG. 1, the entire electrical circuit will be insulated from the engine block and a complete wire circuit to and from the battery is provided.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a further form of thermistor mount wherein two thermistors (NTC) 36 are secured to opposite faces of a bracket 96.
  • the remote end of bracket 96 terminates in a terminal lug 98 and a generally U-shaped yoke 100 embraces the outer faces of the two thermistors 36 and is electrically connected thereto.
  • the yoke 100 is free of contact with the bracket 96 and constitutes a further terminal lug for connection in the electrical circuitry described.
  • two thermistors are arranged in parallel.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a still further mounting for a thermistor 36.
  • the thermistor is secured to the outer surface of a threaded plug 102, which may be threaded into a corresponding opening in any desired location on the engine block, water jacket or manifold and provides for good heat conductive contact therewith and electrical connection thereto.
  • bracket members 38, 40 of FIG. 1, 60 of FIGS. 3, 6, 7 and 8, 96 of FIG. 10 and 102 of FIG. 11 are preferably formed of copper or the like to constitute an efficient heat conductor or heat sink. In some cases brass may be preferable.
  • NTC 36 could also sense the air stream to the carburetor to control the heater at shaft 20, or other type of actuator for arm 14.
  • a negative temperature coefficient first thermistor positioned to be responsive to the temperature at a preselected location relative to said engine
  • circuit means electrically connecting said heating means and said thermistor in series with each other and said source of electric power, The improvement defined in claim 1 wherein said electrical heating means comprises a positive temperature coefficient second thermistor.
  • thermostat means comprises a bimetallic spring arranged to comprise a portion of said circuit means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Means For Warming Up And Starting Carburetors (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
US169002A 1971-08-04 1971-08-04 Solid state controlled automatic choke Expired - Lifetime US3699937A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16900271A 1971-08-04 1971-08-04

Publications (1)

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US3699937A true US3699937A (en) 1972-10-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US169002A Expired - Lifetime US3699937A (en) 1971-08-04 1971-08-04 Solid state controlled automatic choke

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US (1) US3699937A (ja)
JP (1) JPS549259B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA962149A (ja)
DE (1) DE2238559C2 (ja)
FR (2) FR2151859A5 (ja)
GB (1) GB1406042A (ja)
IT (1) IT963674B (ja)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3763837A (en) * 1972-07-14 1973-10-09 Gen Motors Corp Automatic choke control
US3800767A (en) * 1972-04-20 1974-04-02 Acf Ind Inc Thermo switch arrangement for control of an internal combustion engine
US3818881A (en) * 1972-02-21 1974-06-25 Hitachi Ltd Electrically controlled automatic choke of a carburetor for an internal combustion engine
FR2209047A1 (ja) * 1972-12-05 1974-06-28 Texas Instruments Inc
US3898422A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-08-05 Texas Instruments Inc PTC heater assembly bonding
US3898967A (en) * 1973-06-04 1975-08-12 Gte Sylvania Inc Automatic choke assembly
DE2507615A1 (de) * 1974-03-19 1975-10-02 Sibe Startvorrichtung fuer vergaser
DE2515352A1 (de) * 1974-04-10 1975-10-30 Honda Motor Co Ltd Vergaser-startautomatik
US3972311A (en) * 1974-11-20 1976-08-03 Depetris Peter S Electronic choke control
US4007720A (en) * 1974-07-30 1977-02-15 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel metering system for internal combustion engines
JPS5266116A (en) * 1975-12-01 1977-06-01 Hitachi Ltd Air amount control device in injection carburetor
US4044736A (en) * 1973-07-18 1977-08-30 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Device for controlling a choke valve in a carburetor
US4050427A (en) * 1971-11-02 1977-09-27 Ford Motor Company Carburetor automatic choke construction
US4083336A (en) * 1971-08-10 1978-04-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Condition responsive control device
US4181107A (en) * 1973-09-07 1980-01-01 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Carburetor choke valve controlling device
US4201735A (en) * 1978-09-08 1980-05-06 Fasco Industries, Inc. Method of manufacturing a choke control device
US4237078A (en) * 1979-06-11 1980-12-02 Schmelzer Corporation Carburetor choke control
US4245608A (en) * 1978-07-14 1981-01-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Idling control apparatus for internal combustion engine
US4389354A (en) * 1980-12-01 1983-06-21 Mikuni Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heater for deicing carburetors
US4699738A (en) * 1986-01-29 1987-10-13 Depetris Peter Electrically heated choke having improved control
US20050219818A1 (en) * 2004-04-06 2005-10-06 Stabile David J Heat sink assembly for a potted housing
US9464588B2 (en) 2013-08-15 2016-10-11 Kohler Co. Systems and methods for electronically controlling fuel-to-air ratio for an internal combustion engine
US10054081B2 (en) 2014-10-17 2018-08-21 Kohler Co. Automatic starting system
US11105238B2 (en) * 2019-12-06 2021-08-31 Hyundai Motor Company Device for screening NOX sensor

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3905346A (en) * 1974-03-20 1975-09-16 Ford Motor Co Choke cap altitude kit
JPS5169074A (ja) * 1974-12-02 1976-06-15 Nippon Goodon Jonson Kk Shokuchoyosupureeyuzukesochi
US4058097A (en) * 1975-06-30 1977-11-15 Texas Instruments Incorporated Choke control
DE2629610C2 (de) * 1976-07-01 1985-10-10 Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm Vorrichtung zur Beheizung des Saugrohrs einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine
JPS5333732U (ja) * 1977-08-24 1978-03-24
JPS56105640U (ja) * 1980-06-23 1981-08-18
JPS5659952U (ja) * 1980-07-02 1981-05-22
DE3131162A1 (de) * 1981-08-06 1983-04-28 Leybold-Heraeus GmbH, 5000 Köln Drosselklappe mit genauer einstellung des durchflussspaltes fuer vakuumtechnische anlagen
TW200806757A (en) * 2006-06-02 2008-02-01 Tokai Carbon Kk Aqueous carbon black pigment and water-based dispersion thereof

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1065570A (en) * 1912-03-07 1913-06-24 Clarence D Wightman Telephone-receiver support.
US3148271A (en) * 1959-08-28 1964-09-08 Siemens Ag Circuit arrangement for automatically stabilizing the temperature of an electrical heating appliance
FR1428599A (fr) * 1965-01-06 1966-02-18 Sibe Perfectionnements apportés aux carburateurs, pour moteurs à combustion interne, comportant un dispositif automatique de mise en marche et de marche à froid du moteur
DE1814685A1 (de) * 1968-12-14 1970-06-25 Daimler Benz Ag Automatische Kaltstartvorrichtung
JPS4946008A (ja) * 1972-09-09 1974-05-02

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4083336A (en) * 1971-08-10 1978-04-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Condition responsive control device
US4050427A (en) * 1971-11-02 1977-09-27 Ford Motor Company Carburetor automatic choke construction
US3818881A (en) * 1972-02-21 1974-06-25 Hitachi Ltd Electrically controlled automatic choke of a carburetor for an internal combustion engine
US3800767A (en) * 1972-04-20 1974-04-02 Acf Ind Inc Thermo switch arrangement for control of an internal combustion engine
US3763837A (en) * 1972-07-14 1973-10-09 Gen Motors Corp Automatic choke control
FR2209047A1 (ja) * 1972-12-05 1974-06-28 Texas Instruments Inc
US3898967A (en) * 1973-06-04 1975-08-12 Gte Sylvania Inc Automatic choke assembly
US4044736A (en) * 1973-07-18 1977-08-30 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Device for controlling a choke valve in a carburetor
US4181107A (en) * 1973-09-07 1980-01-01 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Carburetor choke valve controlling device
US3898422A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-08-05 Texas Instruments Inc PTC heater assembly bonding
DE2507615A1 (de) * 1974-03-19 1975-10-02 Sibe Startvorrichtung fuer vergaser
US4038955A (en) * 1974-03-19 1977-08-02 Societe Industrielle De Brevets Et D'etudes S.I.B.E. Automatic choke systems for carburetors
DE2515352A1 (de) * 1974-04-10 1975-10-30 Honda Motor Co Ltd Vergaser-startautomatik
US4007720A (en) * 1974-07-30 1977-02-15 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel metering system for internal combustion engines
US3972311A (en) * 1974-11-20 1976-08-03 Depetris Peter S Electronic choke control
JPS5266116A (en) * 1975-12-01 1977-06-01 Hitachi Ltd Air amount control device in injection carburetor
JPS567513B2 (ja) * 1975-12-01 1981-02-18
US4245608A (en) * 1978-07-14 1981-01-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Idling control apparatus for internal combustion engine
US4201735A (en) * 1978-09-08 1980-05-06 Fasco Industries, Inc. Method of manufacturing a choke control device
US4237078A (en) * 1979-06-11 1980-12-02 Schmelzer Corporation Carburetor choke control
US4389354A (en) * 1980-12-01 1983-06-21 Mikuni Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heater for deicing carburetors
US4699738A (en) * 1986-01-29 1987-10-13 Depetris Peter Electrically heated choke having improved control
US20050219818A1 (en) * 2004-04-06 2005-10-06 Stabile David J Heat sink assembly for a potted housing
US7106593B2 (en) 2004-04-06 2006-09-12 Motor Components, Llc Heat sink assembly for a potted housing
US9464588B2 (en) 2013-08-15 2016-10-11 Kohler Co. Systems and methods for electronically controlling fuel-to-air ratio for an internal combustion engine
US10240543B2 (en) 2013-08-15 2019-03-26 Kohler Co. Integrated ignition and electronic auto-choke module for an internal combustion engine
US10794313B2 (en) 2013-08-15 2020-10-06 Kohler Co. Integrated ignition and electronic auto-choke module for an internal combustion engine
US10054081B2 (en) 2014-10-17 2018-08-21 Kohler Co. Automatic starting system
US11105238B2 (en) * 2019-12-06 2021-08-31 Hyundai Motor Company Device for screening NOX sensor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA962149A (en) 1975-02-04
JPS4835233A (ja) 1973-05-24
FR2151859A5 (ja) 1973-04-20
GB1406042A (en) 1975-09-10
IT963674B (it) 1974-01-21
DE2238559A1 (de) 1973-03-15
JPS549259B2 (ja) 1979-04-23
DE2238559C2 (de) 1982-12-02
FR215189A (ja)

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