US3684723A - Detergent composition - Google Patents

Detergent composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US3684723A
US3684723A US114728A US3684723DA US3684723A US 3684723 A US3684723 A US 3684723A US 114728 A US114728 A US 114728A US 3684723D A US3684723D A US 3684723DA US 3684723 A US3684723 A US 3684723A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
detergent
foam
sodium
soap
detergent composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US114728A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Best
Othmar Friedrich Schweigl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lever Brothers Co
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Lever Brothers Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR971671A external-priority patent/FR1416369A/fr
Application filed by Lever Brothers Co filed Critical Lever Brothers Co
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Publication of US3684723A publication Critical patent/US3684723A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C11D10/042—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on anionic surface-active compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C11D1/721—End blocked ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2068—Ethers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups

Definitions

  • a low-foaming detergent composition containing an anionic detergent, a builder salt and either a C fatty acid soap, a foam-depressant nonionic detergent or a mixture of the soap and the nonionic detergent is improved by the addition of 0.5 to 10% by weight of the composi tion of certain diethers of polyalkylene oxide diols that have a high-temperature foam depressant action.
  • the composition can also contain a perborate bleach.
  • the invention relates to detergent compositions. More particularly the invention relates to built detergent compositions which are suitable for use in drum-type washing machines as well as in other types of washing machines.
  • An ideal detergent composition for this purpose would be one which is low-foaming to very low foaming at high temperatures, i.e. above about 80 C., and has acceptable foaming characteristics at temperatures of up to about 60 C.
  • Such a detergent composition would be very suitable for use in drum-type washing machines and in any other type of washing machine, because in spite of its reasonable foaming capacity overfoaming at higher temperatures would be avoided.
  • the present invention provides a process of preparing such detergent compositions.
  • Foam suppression has also been obtained by the use of so-called mixed-active detergent compositions.
  • Such compositions usually contain about 5 to 30% by weight of anionic detergent, such as alkylbenzene snlphonate, alkyl sulphate, fatty alcohol sulphate and the like, as well as builder salt.
  • the compositions are called mixed-active since they contain a minor proportion, about 1 to preferably 1 to 5% by weight of the composition, of soap, foam depressant nonionic detergent or a mixture of soap and the nonionic detergent.
  • soap is meant an alkali metal or ammonium salt of a C fatty acid.
  • Suitable nonionic detergents include the alkylene oxide condensation products or alkyl alcohols, of alkyl phenols and of polyoxypropylene and of other organic hydrophobic compounds.
  • Detergent compositions of this type can contain an oxygen-liberating bleaching agent, such as perborate, further silicate and small amounts of optical brighteners and soilsuspending agents, such as carboxymethylcellulose.
  • the builder salt can be, for example, a salt of an organic acid such as nitrilotriacetic acid, ethane-l-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid or a polymeric carboxylic acid, or a salt of a polyphosphate such as sodium tripolyphosphate.
  • the weight ratio of anionic detergent to builder salt is between 1:1 and 1:5. By weight of the composition the amount of perborate will be between 0 and 30% and of silicate between 0 and 15%.
  • the foam depressant action provided by the soap component in such detergent compositions is stronger according as the soap has a higher content of saturated molecules with at least 20 carbon atoms, such as soap from hardened marine oils or certain vegetable oils, it was established that these soaps still provide a distinct foam-- suppressing effect at low and medium temperatures, which in many respects is undesirable.
  • R and R are alkyl groups having a total number of 2 to 30 carbon atoms, R and R are each H or CH and n is variable over a wide range.
  • These compounds are thus diethers of polyalkylene oxide diols, the polyalkylene oxide groups of which are naturally not restricted to those consisting of equal alkylene oxides but may also be a mixed polymer of different alkylene oxides.
  • the invention provides a detergent composition containing an organic anionic detergent, as well as soap and/ or a nonionic detergent, characterised in that a compound is incorporated which is a diether of a polyalkylene oxide diol of the following general formula:
  • the lather controlling effect of the diethers meant by the present invention increases with their molecular weight and reaches an optimum value.
  • those compounds are very effective in which n is within the range from 2 to about 40, particularly, if the functional groups in the molecule are properly selected.
  • a selection of the suitable functional groups within the specified ranges can be easily made by determining the Hydrophylic-Lipophylic Balance Value of the compound, which value should lie within the range of approximately 1.0 to approximately 4.0.
  • Preferred compounds are those of which the polyalkylene oxide group is mainly or completely built up from propylene oxide groups. As such may be men tioned:
  • These compounds include those which are already conimercially available as a number of products under the UCON Lubricant trademark. They are usually prepared by reacting an aliphatic alcohol with alkylene oxide(s) in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, followed by etherification of the hydroxyl groups according to any of the various known methods, as described in US. patent specification No. 2,520,612.
  • diether compounds according to the invention is not restricted to the washing of laundry, but they may also be advantageously applied in any other 4 cleaning process in which it is desired that at elevated temperature far less foam is produced in the low and medium temperature ranges.
  • EXAMPLE 1 The effectiveness of the compounds as high-temperature foam suppressants is shown by the graph in FIG. 1, which was obtained by means of comparative tests made with the following detergent compositions in the dynamic foam meter at concentrations of 5 g./litre and using water having a hardness of 15 DH.
  • the foam height of the relevant detergent compositions on the vertical axis is set against the temperature on the horizontal axis.
  • a built detergent composition with controlled foaming characteristics consisting, by weight, essentially of from 5 to 30% of an anionic non-soap synthetic detergent; from 1 to 10% of an alkali metal soap of fatty acids having from 8 to 25 carbon atoms; 0 to 10% of a nonionic synthetic detergent; 0 to 30% of sodium perborate; 0* to 15% of sodium silicate; and as a foam controlling agent about 0.5 to 10% of a compound of the general formula (l 1'.
  • R and --R are alkyl groups having a total number of 2 to 30 carbon atoms
  • --R' is CH
  • R" is a radical selected from the group consisting of H and CH and n is a number from 2 to 40, the Hydrophylic- Lipophylic Balance Value of the compound being from 1.0 to 4.0.
  • the detergent composition according to claim 2 containing from 1 to 3% of the foam controlling agent.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Labeling Devices (AREA)
US114728A 1964-04-21 1971-02-11 Detergent composition Expired - Lifetime US3684723A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR971671A FR1416369A (fr) 1964-04-21 1964-04-21 Dispositif pour reporter automatiquement sur une grande surface des inscriptions définies en coordonnées cartésiennes
NL6707016A NL6707016A (de) 1964-04-21 1967-05-19
US11472871A 1971-02-11 1971-02-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3684723A true US3684723A (en) 1972-08-15

Family

ID=27247920

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US114728A Expired - Lifetime US3684723A (en) 1964-04-21 1971-02-11 Detergent composition

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3684723A (de)
BE (1) BE715378A (de)
CH (1) CH503105A (de)
DE (2) DE1448703C3 (de)
DK (1) DK126125A (de)
FR (1) FR1567468A (de)
GB (1) GB1221217A (de)
NL (2) NL129406C (de)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853779A (en) * 1972-06-06 1974-12-10 Colgate Palmolive Co Low foaming detergent compositions
US3966628A (en) * 1974-08-21 1976-06-29 Westvaco Corporation Solid cleaning compositions containing C21 dicarboxylic acid
US3989634A (en) * 1972-09-14 1976-11-02 Tukovy Prumysl, Oborove Reditelstvi Detergent containing a tenside with activating power
US4056481A (en) * 1974-01-11 1977-11-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Detergent composition
US4088598A (en) * 1974-10-14 1978-05-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Low sudsing detergent compositions
US4288341A (en) * 1978-03-20 1981-09-08 Lever Brothers Company Detergent product containing deodorant compositions
US4289641A (en) * 1978-01-12 1981-09-15 Lever Brothers Company Detergent product
US4304679A (en) * 1978-01-12 1981-12-08 Lever Brothers Company Detergent product containing deodorant compositions
US4333844A (en) * 1979-11-12 1982-06-08 Lever Brothers Company Detergent compositions
EP0038101B1 (de) * 1980-04-09 1983-10-19 Unilever N.V. Flüssige Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen auf der Basis von Komplexbildnern und Verfahren zur Herstellung
US4430236A (en) 1981-06-22 1984-02-07 Texize, Division Of Mortonthiokol Liquid detergent composition containing bleach
EP0254208A2 (de) * 1986-07-24 1988-01-27 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Schaumarme und/oder schaumdämpfende Tensidgemische und ihre Verwendung
EP0325909A2 (de) * 1988-01-11 1989-08-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Verwendung endgruppen-verschlossener Fettalkoholethoxylate für schaumarme Reinigungsmittel
EP0326795A2 (de) * 1988-01-11 1989-08-09 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Verwendung von Polyglykolethern als schaumvermindernde Zusätze für Reinigungsmittel
EP0343503A1 (de) * 1988-05-27 1989-11-29 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Schaumdrückende Alkylpolyglykolether für Reinigungsmittel
EP0343504A1 (de) * 1988-05-27 1989-11-29 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Schaumdrückende Alkylpolyglykolether für Reinigungsmittel
US4973423A (en) * 1987-08-17 1990-11-27 Ecolab Inc. Foam-inhibiting additives in low-foam cleaning compositions: polyethylene glycol ethers
US5059342A (en) * 1989-03-23 1991-10-22 Imperical Chemical Industries Plc Novel chemical compounds and their use as low foam surfactants and antifoaming agents
US5484553A (en) * 1989-09-26 1996-01-16 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Aqueous, storable wetting agent which is low-foaming in application
WO2002050223A1 (en) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-27 Unilever Plc Detergent compositions with highly ethoxylated nonionic alcohol surfactants
US6655527B1 (en) * 2001-07-12 2003-12-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Kit for removing mildew
US6689735B2 (en) 2000-12-15 2004-02-10 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Detergent compositions

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853779A (en) * 1972-06-06 1974-12-10 Colgate Palmolive Co Low foaming detergent compositions
US3989634A (en) * 1972-09-14 1976-11-02 Tukovy Prumysl, Oborove Reditelstvi Detergent containing a tenside with activating power
US4056481A (en) * 1974-01-11 1977-11-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Detergent composition
US3966628A (en) * 1974-08-21 1976-06-29 Westvaco Corporation Solid cleaning compositions containing C21 dicarboxylic acid
US4088598A (en) * 1974-10-14 1978-05-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Low sudsing detergent compositions
US4289641A (en) * 1978-01-12 1981-09-15 Lever Brothers Company Detergent product
US4304679A (en) * 1978-01-12 1981-12-08 Lever Brothers Company Detergent product containing deodorant compositions
US4288341A (en) * 1978-03-20 1981-09-08 Lever Brothers Company Detergent product containing deodorant compositions
US4333844A (en) * 1979-11-12 1982-06-08 Lever Brothers Company Detergent compositions
US4452717A (en) * 1980-04-09 1984-06-05 Lever Brothers Company Built liquid detergent compositions and method of preparation
EP0038101B1 (de) * 1980-04-09 1983-10-19 Unilever N.V. Flüssige Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen auf der Basis von Komplexbildnern und Verfahren zur Herstellung
US4430236A (en) 1981-06-22 1984-02-07 Texize, Division Of Mortonthiokol Liquid detergent composition containing bleach
EP0254208A2 (de) * 1986-07-24 1988-01-27 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Schaumarme und/oder schaumdämpfende Tensidgemische und ihre Verwendung
EP0254208A3 (en) * 1986-07-24 1989-07-05 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Low foaming and/or foam inhibiting mixtures of tensides and their use
US4973423A (en) * 1987-08-17 1990-11-27 Ecolab Inc. Foam-inhibiting additives in low-foam cleaning compositions: polyethylene glycol ethers
EP0325909A2 (de) * 1988-01-11 1989-08-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Verwendung endgruppen-verschlossener Fettalkoholethoxylate für schaumarme Reinigungsmittel
EP0326795A2 (de) * 1988-01-11 1989-08-09 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Verwendung von Polyglykolethern als schaumvermindernde Zusätze für Reinigungsmittel
EP0325909A3 (de) * 1988-01-11 1990-08-22 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Verwendung endgruppen-verschlossener Fettalkoholethoxylate für schaumarme Reinigungsmittel
US4965019A (en) * 1988-01-11 1990-10-23 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Use of selected end-group closed fatty alcohol ethoxylates for low-foam, cold-sprayable cleaning agents
EP0326795A3 (en) * 1988-01-11 1990-08-22 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Use of polyglycol ethers as anti-foaming agents in detergents
EP0343503A1 (de) * 1988-05-27 1989-11-29 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Schaumdrückende Alkylpolyglykolether für Reinigungsmittel
WO1989011524A1 (en) * 1988-05-27 1989-11-30 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Anti-froth alkyl polyglycol ethers for detergents (ii)
WO1989011525A1 (en) * 1988-05-27 1989-11-30 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Anti-froth alkyl polyglycol ethers for detergents (i)
EP0343504A1 (de) * 1988-05-27 1989-11-29 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Schaumdrückende Alkylpolyglykolether für Reinigungsmittel
US5059342A (en) * 1989-03-23 1991-10-22 Imperical Chemical Industries Plc Novel chemical compounds and their use as low foam surfactants and antifoaming agents
US5484553A (en) * 1989-09-26 1996-01-16 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Aqueous, storable wetting agent which is low-foaming in application
WO2002050223A1 (en) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-27 Unilever Plc Detergent compositions with highly ethoxylated nonionic alcohol surfactants
US6689735B2 (en) 2000-12-15 2004-02-10 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Detergent compositions
US20040058835A1 (en) * 2000-12-15 2004-03-25 Unilever Home & Personal Care, Usa; Division Of Conopco, Inc. Detergent compositions
US6720298B2 (en) * 2000-12-15 2004-04-13 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Detergent compositions comprising an ethoxylated alcohol and alkyl ioenzene sulfonate
US6759380B2 (en) 2000-12-15 2004-07-06 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Detergent compositions
US6655527B1 (en) * 2001-07-12 2003-12-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Kit for removing mildew

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE715378A (de) 1968-11-18
DE1448703B2 (de) 1973-07-05
DE1448703C3 (de) 1974-02-07
DE1767529A1 (de) 1971-09-09
NL6503221A (de) 1965-10-22
DE1448703A1 (de) 1968-10-24
FR1567468A (de) 1969-05-16
CH503105A (de) 1971-02-15
NL6707016A (de) 1968-11-20
DK126125A (de)
NL129406C (de) 1970-03-16
GB1221217A (en) 1971-02-03

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