US3679585A - Lubricant compositions - Google Patents

Lubricant compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3679585A
US3679585A US874370A US3679585DA US3679585A US 3679585 A US3679585 A US 3679585A US 874370 A US874370 A US 874370A US 3679585D A US3679585D A US 3679585DA US 3679585 A US3679585 A US 3679585A
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Prior art keywords
ester
alcohol
carbon atoms
lubricant
additive
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US874370A
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English (en)
Inventor
James H T Brook
Joyce Williams
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Shell USA Inc
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Shell Oil Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/024—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
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    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
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    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/144—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy groups
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/146—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membeered aromatic rings having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/22—Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
    • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
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    • C10M2207/28—Esters
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    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
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    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/101—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones and phenols, e.g. Also polyoxyalkylene ether derivatives thereof
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    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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    • C10M2211/024—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aromatic
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    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226—Morpholines
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    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
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    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
    • C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
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    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
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    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/084—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/108—Phenothiazine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/063—Ammonium or amine salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12

Definitions

  • a lubricant comprising (1) a lubricating oil (2) an oil soluble succinimide dispersant and (3) an oil soluble alcohol or ester has increased dispersancy properties.
  • This invention relates to lubricant compositions having increased dispersancy properties. More particularly it relates to lubricant compositions in which the dispersancy effect of a succinimide dispersant additive is increased by the presence of an oil soluble alcohol or ester.
  • the subject of this invention is a lubricant capable of maintaining these insoluble particles as a suspension in the oil to minimize their deposition and maintain the cleanliness of vital engine parts.
  • a lubricant comprises a lubricating oil; an oil soluble succinimide dispersant additive that is a reaction product of a polyamine reactant and a succinic acid reactant; and an oil soluble alcohol or ester additive.
  • the lubricating oil is mineral or synthetic in orgin. It can be a blend of mineral and/or synthetic lubricating oils. Mineral lubricating oils can be refined from aromatic, asphaltic, naphthenic, paraflinic or mixed base crudes. The refining can give distillate lubricating oils and residual lubricating oils (for example bright stocks), which can be blended to give convenient blends. Synthetic lubricating oils can be polyolefins (for example a polyisobutene), but are preferably ester lubricating oils.
  • Ester lubricating oils are well known and comprise at least one ester that is a reaction product of a monohydroxy alcohol and a monocarboxylic acid; at least one ester that is a reaction product of at least one monohydroxy alcohol and a polycarboxylic acid; or at least one ester that is a reaction product of a polyhydroxy alcohol and at least one monocarboxylic acid. Mixtures of the ice esters can be used. Many different synthetic esters and mixtures of esters are available commercially and need not be described further.
  • the polyamine reactant is at least one polyamine of the general formula (wherein R and R are alkylene groups having up to 7 carbon atoms or alkyl substituted alkylene groups having up to 7 carbon atoms; R and R are hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups having up to 7 carbon atoms, or amino substituted alkyl groups, the amino substituents including alkylene diamine or polyalkylene polyamine groups in which the alkylene group has up to 7 carbon atoms; and n is 0 to 5).
  • the polyamine reactant preferably has primary, secondary and tertiary basic nitrogen atoms.
  • polyamine reactants examples include alkylene-diamines (for instance ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butylenediamine or pentylenediamine); polyalkylene-polyamines (for instance diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, di(methylethylene) triamine, dibutylenetriarnine, tributylenetetramine or dipentylenehexamine); dialkylaminoalkylamines (for instance dimethylaminomethylamine, dimethylaminoethylamine, dimethylaminopropylamine or di methylaminobutylamine); primary, secondary, tertiary amines (for instance tris (2-imino-4-aminobutyl) amine).
  • Convenient polyamine reactants are mixtures of polyethylene polyamines, especially those containing tetraethylene pentamine. Such mixtures are conveniently prepared by reacting ethylene dichloride
  • the succinic acid reactant can be a succinic acid or a functional derivative, for example the acylhalide, anhydride or ester.
  • the succinic acid reactant has a substantially aliphatic hydrocarbon group linked to a methylene carbon atom. This group has 30 to 200 carbon atoms. It is preferably a C alkylene polymer group, for example a polymeric group of ethylene, propylene l-butene, 2- butene or isobutene.
  • the polymeric group conveniently has a molecular weight of 400 to 3,000, preferably 900 to 1,200 (calculated). Preferred polymeric groups are of isobutene.
  • the anhydride is most convenent. It can be made by reacting the polymerized alkylene hydrocarbon with maleic anhydride.
  • amides, diamides, imides and diimides there can be formed amides, diamides, imides and diimides.
  • Convenient mole ratios of succinic acid reactant to the polyamine reactant are 0.5/1 to 2.5/1.
  • Products of the reaction are available under the trademarks Lubrizol 894 or Oronite 1200. They have about weight of reaction product in a hydrocarbon carrier oil.
  • a lubricant of the present invention there is conveniently 0.2 to 10 (preferably 0.5 to 5) percent weight of succinimide dispersant additive based on the lubricant.
  • the alcohol or ester additive of a lubricant of the pres ent invention has a boiling point such that it will either not distill or substantially not distill from the lubricant during use.
  • the boiling point is preferably at least 200 C. (particularly at least 280 C. at atmospheric pressure).
  • the alcohol or ester additive is monomeric and is not a polymer. It preferably has a molecular weight of 100 to 2,500 (calculated).
  • the alcohol or ester additive can be incorporated as such or as a concentrate. If desired, it can be added with other materials to be added to a lubricant of the invention. Conveniently, there is 0.2 to 10 (preferably 0.5 to percent weight of alcohol or ester additive based on the lubricant.
  • the alcohol additive can be at least one monohydroxy or polyhydroxy alcohol. If desired, it can have thio atoms, for example it can be thiapentacosanol.
  • the monohydroxy alcohols are conveniently aliphatic alcohols and may be unsaturated. These alcohols preferably have at least 9 and more preferably at least 12 carbon atoms. Examples of preferred aliphatic monohydroxy alcohols are 2-methyl-7-ethyl-undecan-4-ol; dodecanol; tridecanol; tetradecanol; pentadecanol and oleyl alcohol.
  • aliphatic monohydroxy alcohols are included among monohydroxy alcohols of the general formula (wherein R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl group; R, and R are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl group; and R R and R or any two of these symbols, can jointly be part of a ring).
  • the aliphatic monohydroxy alcohols are conveniently those in which R R, and R are each alkyl groups, and R is a methyl group. These alcohols preferably have 9 to 11, 12 to 15 or 15 to 19 carbon atoms. A mixture of them can be called a mixture of C C or C1549 branched chain alkyl alcohols.
  • the monohydroxy alcohols of the general formula which are not aliphatic are also examples of suitable monohydroxy alcohols.
  • the alcohol is a polyhydroxy alcohol, it is conveniently a dihydroxy alcohol having at least 5 carbon atoms (for instance hexan-l,6-diol); a trihydroxy alcohol (for instance trimethylol propane or glycerol); a tetrahydroxy alcohol (for instance pentaerythritol); or a hexahydroxy alcohol (for instance dipentaerythritol or a hexose such as mannnitol or sorbitol).
  • Preferred alcohols melt below 40 C.
  • the ester additive can be at least one ester of a low molecular weight monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid (e.g. C -C preferably C -C and a relatively high molecular weight alcohol, C upwards, preferably C alcohol such as Dobanol or Alfol 20+1. It is not desirable that it be an ester of a natural straight chain C1240 aliphatic fatty acid, for example oleic acid.
  • a low molecular weight monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid e.g. C -C preferably C -C and a relatively high molecular weight alcohol, C upwards, preferably C alcohol such as Dobanol or Alfol 20+1.
  • C alcohol such as Dobanol or Alfol 20+1. It is not desirable that it be an ester of a natural straight chain C1240 aliphatic fatty acid, for example oleic acid.
  • ester additive for the present invention can be a reaction 1 product of a monohydroxy or polyhydroxy alcohol or a phenol with a monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid.
  • the monohydroxy alcohols are preferably aliphatic. Examples are among aliphatic alcohols described earlier above for preparing ester lubricating oils.
  • the monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic. Examples are among the carboxylic acids described earlier above for preparing ester lubricating oils.
  • Preferred carboxylic acids are naphthenic acids and alkyl substituted .benzoic, salicylic, resorcylic, anthranilic or naphthoic acids.
  • esters conveniently have at least 10 carbon atoms. Preferred esters melt below 70 C.
  • esters which may be employed according to the invention are those produced by the reaction of isobutyric acid and primary aliphatic straight chain alcohols having at least twenty carbon atoms (Alfol 20+) and the reaction of salicylic acid and a mixture of such alcohols having from 12 to 15 carbon atoms (Dobanol 25).
  • a lubricant of the present invention can also comprise one or more supplementary additives, the amounts being appropriate to the effects desired. Examples are: (a) Antifoam agents, for instance silicones;
  • Antioxidants for instance diarylamines (such as p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine); substituted amines (such as phenyl a naphthylamine); substituted phenothiazines (such as N-substituted-3,7-dialkyl phenothiazines); substituted phenols (such as 4,4'-rnethylene-bis (2,6-di-t-butyl phenol; metal di-alkyldithiocarbamates metal dialkyldithiophosphates (such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate);
  • diarylamines such as p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine
  • substituted amines such as phenyl a naphthylamine
  • substituted phenothiazines such as N-substituted-3,7-dialkyl phenothiazines
  • substituted phenols such as 4,4'-rnethylene-
  • Anticorrosion agents for instance Group II-A metal salts of petroleum sulfonic acids (such as a calcium 1 petroleum s-nl-fonate), especially basic form of such salts; or alkenyl succinic acids or their anhydrides;
  • Detergents for instance Group H-A metal salts of naphthenic acids (such as a basic calcium naphthenate), or such salts of alkyl salicylic acids) such as a mixture of calcium C1448 alkyl and dialkyl salicylates); or Group II-A metal phenates (such as a calcium salt of a condensation product of formaldehyde and octyl phenol);
  • naphthenic acids such as a basic calcium naphthenate
  • alkyl salicylic acids such as a mixture of calcium C1448 alkyl and dialkyl salicylates
  • Group II-A metal phenates such as a calcium salt of a condensation product of formaldehyde and octyl phenol
  • Extreme pressure agents for instance organic phosphorus containing compound, such as phosphorothionates (for example triphenylphosphorotbionate); phosphates (for example triphenylphosphate or tricresylphosphate); salts of chlorinated unsubstituted phosphonic acids with amines; metal dialkyldithiocarba'amtes (such as zinc dialkyldithiocarbamates); metal dialkyldithiophosphates polyphenyls (for example chlorinated diphenyls), such as those sold under the trademark Aroclor;
  • organic phosphorus containing compound such as phosphorothionates (for example triphenylphosphorotbionate); phosphates (for example triphenylphosphate or tricresylphosphate); salts of chlorinated unsubstituted phosphonic acids with amines; metal dialkyldithiocarba'amtes (such as zinc dialkyldithiocarbamates); metal dialkyl
  • Metal passivators and corrosion inhibitors for instance triazoles (such as 1,2,3-benztriazole; methyl-1,2,3- benztriazole; 3 amino 5 phenyl 1,2,4-triazole; or 3 amino 5 anilido 1,2,4 triazole); or dicarboxylic acids (such as sebacic, azelaic or adipic acid, which are particularly useful as inhibitors of lead corrosion);
  • triazoles such as 1,2,3-benztriazole; methyl-1,2,3- benztriazole; 3 amino 5 phenyl 1,2,4-triazole; or 3 amino 5 anilido 1,2,4 triazole
  • dicarboxylic acids such as sebacic, azelaic or adipic acid, which are particularly useful as inhibitors of lead corrosion
  • Thickeners for instance polyisobutenes; polymers of esters of acrylic acid or an alkylacrylic acid (such as lauryl methacrylate); esters of polyoxaalkylene glycols (such as fluids sold under the trademark Ucon or copolymers of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide sold under the trademark Oxilube.
  • Example I TABLE 1 Additives: Viscosity, cs./60 C.
  • Methyl naphthenate mixture of primary C C alcohols Dobanol 25) Mixture of primary C -C alcohols (Dobanol -25) salicylate (described above) 42.1 Mixture of primary C -C alcohols (Dobanol 25) 42.7 iDinonyl phthalate 42.5
  • Example III Road tests in a commercial diesel powdered automobile, using a lubricant composition according to the invention (and a control) were carried out, involving viscosity and insolubles determinations at 800 km. intervals. The following results were obtained:
  • CLC COMMERCIAL LUBRICANT COM- POSITIONS
  • a lubricant composition consisting essentially of a major amount of a lubricating oil and (a) from about 0.2% to about 10% by weight of the composition of an oil-soluble alkenyl succinimide dispersant additive that is the reaction product of one mole of a polyamine reactant of the formula wherein -R and R are alkylene groups having up to 7 carbon atoms or alkyl substituted alkylene groups having up to 7 carbon atoms; R and ⁇ R are hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups having up to 7 carbon atoms, or amino substituted alkyl groups in which the amino substituents are alkylene diamine or polyalkylene polyamine groups where the alkylene group has up to 7 carbon atoms; and n is 0 to 5, and from 0.5 to 2.5 moles of an alkenyl succinic acid reactant having 30 to 200 carbon atoms in the alkenyl group and -(b) from about 0.2% to about 10% by weight of the composition of an oil-soluble monomeric monohydroxy alcohol additive
  • composition of claim 1 in which the alkanol reactant used in producing the oil soluble ester additive has from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • composition of claim 1 in which the reaction product of the polyamine reactant and the alkenyl succinic acid reactant is polyisobutenyl succinimide.
  • composition of claim 4 in which the polyisobutenyl succinimide forms 2% by weight of the composition and the oil soluble alcohol or ester additive forms 1% by weight of the composition.
  • composition of claim 1 in which the oil soluble alcohol or ester additive forms from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight of the composition.
  • composition of claim 6 in which the acid from which the soluble ester additive is derived is a naphthenic, salicylic, resorcylic, anthranilic, naphtholic or alkyl substituted 'benzoic acid.
  • composition of claim 6 in which the oil soluble additive contains at least twelve carbon atoms.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US874370A 1968-11-13 1969-11-06 Lubricant compositions Expired - Lifetime US3679585A (en)

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GB53870/68A GB1287405A (en) 1968-11-13 1968-11-13 Non-aqueous lubricant compositions

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US3679585A true US3679585A (en) 1972-07-25

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BE (1) BE741566A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1956638B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES373404A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2023175A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1287405A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6916940A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO126330B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4107054A (en) * 1977-06-27 1978-08-15 Continental Oil Company Lubricating oil compositions
US4406803A (en) * 1980-11-24 1983-09-27 Chevron Research Company Method for improving fuel economy of internal combustion engines
US4471091A (en) * 1982-08-09 1984-09-11 The Lubrizol Corporation Combinations of carboxylic acylating agents substituted with olefin polymers of high and low molecular weight mono-olefins, derivatives thereof, and fuels and lubricants containing same
US4486573A (en) * 1982-08-09 1984-12-04 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic acylating agents substituted with olefin polymers of high molecular weight mono-olefins, derivatives thereof, and fuels and lubricants containing same
US4489194A (en) * 1982-08-09 1984-12-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic acylating agents substituted with olefin polymers of high/low molecular weight mono-olefins, derivatives thereof, and fuels and lubricants containing same
US4491527A (en) * 1982-04-26 1985-01-01 The Lubrizol Corporation Ester-heterocycle compositions useful as "lead paint" inhibitors in lubricants
US4505829A (en) * 1980-05-08 1985-03-19 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Lubricating oil composition containing sediment-reducing additive
US4519927A (en) * 1983-01-17 1985-05-28 Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited Lubricant for use at high temperature
US4564460A (en) 1982-08-09 1986-01-14 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acylating agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same
US4575526A (en) 1982-08-09 1986-03-11 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acylaging agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same
US4596663A (en) * 1982-08-09 1986-06-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic acylating agents substituted with olefin polymers of high molecular weight mono-olefins, derivatives thereof, and fuels and lubricants containing same
US4613342A (en) 1982-08-09 1986-09-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acylating agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same
US5041622A (en) * 1988-04-22 1991-08-20 The Lubrizol Corporation Three-step process for making substituted carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof
US5171903A (en) * 1988-11-15 1992-12-15 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil composition
US5198129A (en) * 1989-07-13 1993-03-30 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil composition containing zinc dithiophosphate
US6165952A (en) * 1999-04-05 2000-12-26 King Industries, Inc. Ashless rust inhibitor lubricant compositions
US20090029889A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Marc-Andre Poirier Hydrocarbon fluids with improved pour point

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4173540A (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-11-06 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Lubricating oil composition containing a dispersing-varnish inhibiting combination of polyol ester compound and a borated acyl nitrogen compound
US4248719A (en) * 1979-08-24 1981-02-03 Texaco Inc. Quaternary ammonium salts and lubricating oil containing said salts as dispersants
JP2795911B2 (ja) * 1989-07-13 1998-09-10 出光興産株式会社 潤滑油組成物

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4107054A (en) * 1977-06-27 1978-08-15 Continental Oil Company Lubricating oil compositions
US4505829A (en) * 1980-05-08 1985-03-19 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Lubricating oil composition containing sediment-reducing additive
US4406803A (en) * 1980-11-24 1983-09-27 Chevron Research Company Method for improving fuel economy of internal combustion engines
US4491527A (en) * 1982-04-26 1985-01-01 The Lubrizol Corporation Ester-heterocycle compositions useful as "lead paint" inhibitors in lubricants
US4564460A (en) 1982-08-09 1986-01-14 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acylating agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same
US4613342A (en) 1982-08-09 1986-09-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acylating agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same
US4486573A (en) * 1982-08-09 1984-12-04 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic acylating agents substituted with olefin polymers of high molecular weight mono-olefins, derivatives thereof, and fuels and lubricants containing same
US4489194A (en) * 1982-08-09 1984-12-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic acylating agents substituted with olefin polymers of high/low molecular weight mono-olefins, derivatives thereof, and fuels and lubricants containing same
US4471091A (en) * 1982-08-09 1984-09-11 The Lubrizol Corporation Combinations of carboxylic acylating agents substituted with olefin polymers of high and low molecular weight mono-olefins, derivatives thereof, and fuels and lubricants containing same
US4575526A (en) 1982-08-09 1986-03-11 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acylaging agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same
US4596663A (en) * 1982-08-09 1986-06-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Carboxylic acylating agents substituted with olefin polymers of high molecular weight mono-olefins, derivatives thereof, and fuels and lubricants containing same
US4519927A (en) * 1983-01-17 1985-05-28 Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited Lubricant for use at high temperature
US5041622A (en) * 1988-04-22 1991-08-20 The Lubrizol Corporation Three-step process for making substituted carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof
US5171903A (en) * 1988-11-15 1992-12-15 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil composition
US5198129A (en) * 1989-07-13 1993-03-30 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil composition containing zinc dithiophosphate
US6165952A (en) * 1999-04-05 2000-12-26 King Industries, Inc. Ashless rust inhibitor lubricant compositions
US20090029889A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Marc-Andre Poirier Hydrocarbon fluids with improved pour point
US8377859B2 (en) 2007-07-25 2013-02-19 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Hydrocarbon fluids with improved pour point

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2023175A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-08-07
DE1956638A1 (de) 1970-07-09
NL6916940A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-15
DE1956638B2 (de) 1977-07-07
BE741566A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-12
GB1287405A (en) 1972-08-31
ES373404A1 (es) 1972-05-16
NO126330B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-22

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