US3678805A - Pneumatic cylinder assemblies - Google Patents

Pneumatic cylinder assemblies Download PDF

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Publication number
US3678805A
US3678805A US83098A US3678805DA US3678805A US 3678805 A US3678805 A US 3678805A US 83098 A US83098 A US 83098A US 3678805D A US3678805D A US 3678805DA US 3678805 A US3678805 A US 3678805A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
cylinder
pneumatic
piston
piston rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US83098A
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English (en)
Inventor
Henry Walter Weyman
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3678805A publication Critical patent/US3678805A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/06—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor involving features specific to the use of a compressible medium, e.g. air, steam
    • F15B11/072—Combined pneumatic-hydraulic systems
    • F15B11/076—Combined pneumatic-hydraulic systems with pneumatic drive or displacement and speed control or stopping by hydraulic braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1466—Hollow piston sliding over a stationary rod inside the cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/405—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve
    • F15B2211/40507—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with constant throttles or orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/405—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve
    • F15B2211/40515—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with variable throttles or orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/41—Flow control characterised by the positions of the valve element
    • F15B2211/411—Flow control characterised by the positions of the valve element the positions being discrete
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/415—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit
    • F15B2211/41527—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit being connected to an output member and a directional control valve
    • F15B2211/41536—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit being connected to an output member and a directional control valve being connected to multiple ports of an output member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/42—Flow control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/428—Flow control characterised by the type of actuation actuated by fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
    • F15B2211/885—Control specific to the type of fluid, e.g. specific to magnetorheological fluid
    • F15B2211/8855—Compressible fluids, e.g. specific to pneumatics

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A pneumatic cylinder assembly incorporating hydraulic damping. said assembly comprising a pneumatic cylinder, a pneumatic piston slidable within said cylinder and a pneumatic piston rod operatively connected to said pneumatic piston, and a hydraulic damping cylinder assembly incorporating a hydraulic cylinder arranged within the pneumatic piston rod, a hydraulic piston within said hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic piston rod operatively connected to said hydraulic piston and secured to an end wall of said pneumatic cylinder remote from said pneumatic piston rod.
  • a disadvantage of pneumatic cylinder assemblies in some applications arises due to the compressibility of the air which is used as a pneumatic medium.
  • the initial movement of the cylinder is relatively slow because it takes some time for pressure to build up.
  • the cylinder assembly moves at an uncontrolled high speed. It is not possible to exert substantial control on the movement by throttling the air because this slows the initial response of the cylinder.
  • a pneumatic cylinder assembly including a pneumatic cylinder, pneumatic piston and pneumatic piston rod and a hydraulic damping cylinder assembly incorporating a hydraulic cylinder arranged within the pneumatic piston rod.
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic damping cylinder assembly is fixed at one end to the end wall of the pneumatic cylinder remote from the pneumatic piston rod.
  • a hydraulic connection between one side and the other of the hydraulic piston by way of a first bore in the hydraulic piston rod, a control valve assembly adjacent the end of the hydraulic piston rod which is secured in the end of the pneumatic cylinder and a further bore in the hydraulic piston rod leading to the opposed side of the hydraulic piston.
  • a hydraulic damping cylinder assembly within the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder assembly can be controlled so that its degree of damping can be adjusted to a suitable level without difficulty.
  • the hydraulic piston may be provided with a non-retum valve which pennits free flow of hydraulic fluid through the piston in one direction.
  • the hydraulic cylinder may be provided with a spring operated volume compensating piston at the end thereof remote from the hydraulic piston rod.
  • a pneumatic cylinder 11 has a piston 12 which slides within the cylinder 11 and is sealed by means of two seals 13 and 14.
  • the piston 12 is carried on a piston rod 15 which slides in a bore 16 of an end closure member 17 of the cylinder.
  • a seal 18 seals the piston rod 15 within the bore 16.
  • the end of the cylinder 11 opposite the end closure member 17 is closed ofi' by a further end closure 19 which for the purpose of the pneumatic operation effectively completely closes and seals the appropriate end of the cylinder.
  • Air supplies for the pneumatic operation of the cylinder assembly are shown diagrammatically at 21 and 22.
  • the pneumatic cylinder assembly operates conventionally in that supply of air under pressure to connection 21 while connection 22 is exhausted causes the cylinder assembly to expand while a reversal of the air pressure connections causes the cylinder assembly to retract towards the position shown.
  • a hydraulic damping cylinder assembly is provided within the cylinder 11 in such a way that the hydraulic cylinder 31 is formed within the pneumatic piston rod 15.
  • the hydraulic piston rod carries a hydraulic piston 33 which slides within the cylinder 31 and is sealed in the cylinder by means of a seal 34.
  • a series of passages 35 extend axially through the piston 33 from one side thereof to the other.
  • a one-way valve constituted by a plate 36 held against the ends of the passages 35 by a spring 37 prevents flow of hydraulic fluid through the passages 35 in a direction from the right to the left as shown in the drawing, but permits flow in the opposite direction against a relatively small back pressure.
  • the right hand of the hydraulic cylinder as shown in the drawing is closed by the pneumatic piston 12 which is threaded onto the piston rod 15 and is sealed by means of an O-ring seal 38.
  • a central axial bore 39 through the piston 12 forms a passage through which the hydraulic piston rod 32 passes.
  • the piston rod 32 is sealed within the bore 39 by a pair of seals 41 and 42.
  • the hydraulic piston rod 32 extends through the pneumatic cylinder end closure 19 and is secured to this end closure by means of a spigot 43 at the inner side of the end closure 19 and a nut 44 to the outside of the end closure 19.
  • a pair of O-ring seals 45 seal the piston rod 32 within the end closure 19.
  • a pair of hydraulic fluid bores 47 and 48 run the major part of the length of the hydraulic piston rod 32 and provide con nections between those parts of the cylinder 31 on opposed sides of the piston 33 by way of a control valve assembly arranged outside the pneumatic cylinder at the right hand of the drawing.
  • the valve assembly incorporates a block 51 which incorporates a manually adjustable needle valve 52 with an orifice 53 and a pneumatically operable valve 54 with an orifice 55 (shown closed). Hydraulic fluid in the cylinder 31 to the right of the piston 33 passes through a cross bore 50, bore 47 and a transverse bore 56 within the block 51 to either the needle valve 52 or the pneumatically operated valve 54. After passing through the valve orifice 53 or 55 fluid then passes by way of a communicating bore 57 or 58 respectively to an annular groove 59 in the face of the block 51 which bears against the end closure 19. From this annular groove the fluid passes through two bores 61 and 62 to the bore 48 in the piston rod 32. This bore 48 communicates directly with the volume of fluid within the cylinder 31 to the left of the piston 33.
  • the left hand end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is provided with a spring loaded piston 63.
  • a pneumatic cylinder cylinder assembly comprising:
  • a pneumatic piston rod operatively connected to said pneumatic piston
  • a hydraulic damping cylinder assembly having a hydraulic cylinder
  • valve assembly controls the interconnection for fluid flow between said one side and said other side of the hydraulic piston
  • said hydraulic control valve assembly comprising in parallel between said one side and said other side of the hydraulic piston a first valve providing a restricted inter-connection between said sides and a second valve which is selectively closable whereby to force all hydraulic flow from said one side to said other side through said restricted interconnection and openable to provide free flow between said sides of the hydraulic piston.
  • a pneumatic cylinder assembly according to claim 1 said restricted inter-connection provided by said first valve being adjustable setable.
  • l um 28 should read as E0 ows-.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
US83098A 1969-11-25 1970-10-22 Pneumatic cylinder assemblies Expired - Lifetime US3678805A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5749269 1969-11-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3678805A true US3678805A (en) 1972-07-25

Family

ID=10479310

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US83098A Expired - Lifetime US3678805A (en) 1969-11-25 1970-10-22 Pneumatic cylinder assemblies

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3678805A (fr)
BE (1) BE758207A (fr)
CH (1) CH513338A (fr)
DE (1) DE2053819A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES192873Y (fr)
FR (1) FR2082971A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1320335A (fr)
NL (1) NL7016696A (fr)
SE (1) SE363664B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA706924B (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3824900A (en) * 1971-11-11 1974-07-23 Lelland J Mc Movement control apparatus
US3830139A (en) * 1972-07-31 1974-08-20 Pml Precision Mechanisms Ltd Pneumatic actuator
US3841607A (en) * 1972-07-25 1974-10-15 Vetco Offshore Ind Inc Hydraulic motion compensating apparatus
US3929057A (en) * 1973-04-14 1975-12-30 Kondo Mfg Hydraulic brake mechanism for an air cylinder
USRE29564E (en) * 1972-07-25 1978-03-07 Vetco Offshore Industries, Inc. Hydraulic motion compensating apparatus
DE4011050A1 (de) * 1990-04-05 1991-10-10 Knorr Bremse Ag Druckluftbeaufschlagbarer betaetiguzngszylinder
US5331884A (en) * 1992-06-04 1994-07-26 Ando Seisakujo Co., Ltd. Fluid cylinder with cooling passages
US5735187A (en) * 1992-12-11 1998-04-07 Pos-Line Aktiebolag Pneumatical piston-cylinder unit having a hydraulic control means
US6481335B2 (en) 1999-12-23 2002-11-19 Mark Y. Shteynberg Hybrid actuator
US6526865B2 (en) 2001-04-25 2003-03-04 Smc Corporation Of America Weld cylinder
US20040103780A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-03 Shteynberg Mark Y. Hydropneumatic hybrid cylinder with tandem pistons and dampening hydraulic chambers disposed between them
US20060272497A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-12-07 P. & M. Design & Consulting Ltd. Pneumatic cylinder
US20070068754A1 (en) * 2005-09-26 2007-03-29 Furgala George W Gas-biased hydraulic cylinder
EP3152445A4 (fr) * 2014-06-09 2018-02-21 Thordab Industri Innovation AB Vérin hydraulique

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0057301A1 (fr) * 1981-01-27 1982-08-11 Henry Walter Weyman Ensemble de cylindre pneumatique
GB2178109A (en) * 1985-07-25 1987-02-04 David William Arnold Actuator
AT383871B (de) * 1985-11-13 1987-09-10 Enfo Grundlagen Forschungs Ag Einfachwirkender arbeitszylinder
JPS62258207A (ja) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-10 Sumio Sugawara 複合流体圧シリンダ装置
US5161449A (en) * 1989-12-22 1992-11-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Pneumatic actuator with hydraulic control
GB9317634D0 (en) * 1993-08-25 1993-10-13 Blatchford & Sons Ltd Antificial limb component
DE19959799A1 (de) * 1999-12-11 2001-06-13 Dautel Gmbh Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung
CN111425483B (zh) * 2020-04-17 2022-04-22 河海大学常州校区 一种油缸末端缓冲装置
CN111425484A (zh) * 2020-04-17 2020-07-17 河海大学常州校区 一种油缸末端缓冲装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2081921A (en) * 1934-08-22 1937-06-01 Sullivan Machinery Co Rock drill feeding mechanism
US2624318A (en) * 1946-06-24 1953-01-06 Rheem Mfg Co Pneumatic servomotor
US2664859A (en) * 1950-09-11 1954-01-05 Timken Roller Bearing Co Hydraulically controlled fluid driven reciprocating actuator
US3146680A (en) * 1961-02-13 1964-09-01 K & H Equipment Ltd Hydraulically controlled air cylinder
US3149541A (en) * 1963-07-12 1964-09-22 K & H Equipment Ltd Hydraulically controlled air leg structure
US3313214A (en) * 1964-06-16 1967-04-11 Sandex Inc Power feed with liquid check

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2081921A (en) * 1934-08-22 1937-06-01 Sullivan Machinery Co Rock drill feeding mechanism
US2624318A (en) * 1946-06-24 1953-01-06 Rheem Mfg Co Pneumatic servomotor
US2664859A (en) * 1950-09-11 1954-01-05 Timken Roller Bearing Co Hydraulically controlled fluid driven reciprocating actuator
US3146680A (en) * 1961-02-13 1964-09-01 K & H Equipment Ltd Hydraulically controlled air cylinder
US3149541A (en) * 1963-07-12 1964-09-22 K & H Equipment Ltd Hydraulically controlled air leg structure
US3313214A (en) * 1964-06-16 1967-04-11 Sandex Inc Power feed with liquid check

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3824900A (en) * 1971-11-11 1974-07-23 Lelland J Mc Movement control apparatus
US3841607A (en) * 1972-07-25 1974-10-15 Vetco Offshore Ind Inc Hydraulic motion compensating apparatus
USRE29564E (en) * 1972-07-25 1978-03-07 Vetco Offshore Industries, Inc. Hydraulic motion compensating apparatus
US3830139A (en) * 1972-07-31 1974-08-20 Pml Precision Mechanisms Ltd Pneumatic actuator
US3929057A (en) * 1973-04-14 1975-12-30 Kondo Mfg Hydraulic brake mechanism for an air cylinder
DE4011050A1 (de) * 1990-04-05 1991-10-10 Knorr Bremse Ag Druckluftbeaufschlagbarer betaetiguzngszylinder
US5331884A (en) * 1992-06-04 1994-07-26 Ando Seisakujo Co., Ltd. Fluid cylinder with cooling passages
US5735187A (en) * 1992-12-11 1998-04-07 Pos-Line Aktiebolag Pneumatical piston-cylinder unit having a hydraulic control means
US6481335B2 (en) 1999-12-23 2002-11-19 Mark Y. Shteynberg Hybrid actuator
US20030066415A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2003-04-10 Shteynberg Mark Y. Hybrid actuator
US6606936B2 (en) * 1999-12-23 2003-08-19 Mark Y. Shteynberg Hybrid actuator
US6675698B1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2004-01-13 Mark Y. Shteynberg Hybrid actuator
US6526865B2 (en) 2001-04-25 2003-03-04 Smc Corporation Of America Weld cylinder
US20040103780A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-03 Shteynberg Mark Y. Hydropneumatic hybrid cylinder with tandem pistons and dampening hydraulic chambers disposed between them
US20060272497A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-12-07 P. & M. Design & Consulting Ltd. Pneumatic cylinder
US7395749B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2008-07-08 Michael R Adams Pneumatic cylinder
US20070068754A1 (en) * 2005-09-26 2007-03-29 Furgala George W Gas-biased hydraulic cylinder
EP3152445A4 (fr) * 2014-06-09 2018-02-21 Thordab Industri Innovation AB Vérin hydraulique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES192873Y (es) 1975-02-16
SE363664B (fr) 1974-01-28
FR2082971A5 (fr) 1971-12-10
ZA706924B (en) 1971-10-27
ES192873U (es) 1974-11-01
BE758207A (fr) 1971-04-01
DE2053819A1 (de) 1971-07-08
CH513338A (de) 1971-09-30
NL7016696A (fr) 1971-05-27
GB1320335A (en) 1973-06-13

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