US3673806A - Liner for tunnel wall - Google Patents

Liner for tunnel wall Download PDF

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Publication number
US3673806A
US3673806A US48997A US3673806DA US3673806A US 3673806 A US3673806 A US 3673806A US 48997 A US48997 A US 48997A US 3673806D A US3673806D A US 3673806DA US 3673806 A US3673806 A US 3673806A
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Prior art keywords
segments
liner
cylinder
cylinder segments
tubbing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US48997A
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English (en)
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Siegfried Hanig
Alfred Langer
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ILSEDER HUTTE
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ILSEDER HUTTE
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
    • E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members

Definitions

  • the annular reinforcements consist of complementary arcuate T-profiles with inwardly directed flange portions and complementary flat ring segments overlappingly adjoining the web portions of'the T-profiles.
  • the webs of the T- profiles which are peripherally coextensive with respective cylinder and shell segments, can be cut off along generally radial edges except at two neighboring locations where the edges diverge from the radial direction and are substantially parallel to facilitate radial insertion, in the manner of a keystone, of an intervening shorter segment.
  • a Ross Attomey LINER FOR TUNNEL WALL Our present invention relates to sheathings, known as tubbings, used in tunnel construction to line the tunnel walls.
  • Tubbings of rolled metal, particularly steel plate, are lower in cost and easier to install but, despite their high compressive and tensile strength, have hitherto found little acceptance because of their susceptibility to corrosion.
  • the usual anticorrosive layers do not afford sufiicien't protection since they are easily scratched during the emplacement of the tubbings, thereby exposing the metal to oxidation by its contact with the surrounding soil.
  • an object of our present invention to provide an improved tubbing structure, consisting essentially of metal plate, which avoids the above-described drawbacks and can be easily installed in a tunnel.
  • our invention aims at providing means for positively spacing a metallic cylinder from the tunnel wall while at the same time conferring upon that cylinder the necessary structural rigidity.
  • each tubbing section includes a tube preferably subdivided into cylinder segments which are held together by relatively narrow strips extending axially along their junctions, any two adjoining tubbing sections being separated by an interposed annular reinforcement also divided into ring segments which are disposed in a radial plane and project both inwardly and outwardly beyond the cylinder segments.
  • Such an annular reinforcement in addition to forming a link between two adjoining tubbing sections, acts as a spacer by bearing outwardly upon the tunnel wall.
  • a more complete separation between the tubbing cylinders and the tunnel wall is achieved by means of a cylindrical outer jacket surrounding the metal tube over the full length of a tubbing section and bearing upon the aforementioned reinforcement, or preferably on two such reinforcements supporting the jacket at opposite ends.
  • This jacket need not itself be corrosion-resistant since its primary purpose is to protect the steel tube during and immediately after installation; nevertheless, the jacket may be provided with protective coatings which also extend over the outer edges of the supporting ring segments as well as around confronting edges of adjacent cylinder segments and over part of the inner surfaces of the latter segments to seal the intervening gaps.
  • the jacket should also be peripherally subdivided into complementary shell segments which are substantially coextensive with respective cylinder segments of the associated metal tube and which preferably consists at least partly of metal to simplify their mechanical connection (e.g. by welding) with the supporting ring segments or segment pairs.
  • the ring segments constituting the annular reinforcement or support form two mutually overlapping sets, the ring segments of one set being substantially coextensive in peripheral direction with the associateed cylinder segments.
  • One of these sets of segments advantageously the last-mentioned one, preferably from a T-profile with flat web portions in the radial support plane and arcuate flange portions spaced inwardly from the confronting cylinder segments to stifien the latter.
  • One of these profiled ring segments may be relatively short to fit as a keystone between two neighboring ring segments in order to be slidable into position from within the tunnel during completion of the assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary axial sectional view of a tunnel lining formed from tubbing sections embodying our invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1, showing a modification
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a tubbing section taken on the line IHllI of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional detail view of the area IV of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line V-V of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 but taken on the line VI- VI of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the assembly shown in FIGS. 4-6.
  • the tunnel liner shown in the drawing comprises a plurality of coaxial cylindrical tubbing sections 1 each including a steel tube composed of cylinder segments 1a, a like number of steel strips 2 covering the junctions of segments 1a onto which they are fastened by bolts 1d and welding seams 1e, and an outer jacket subdivided into shell segments 5 (FIGS. 1, 3-7) or 5' (FIG. 2) which are coextensive with the adjoining cylinder segments 1a.
  • Shell segments 5 are shown to include corrugated steel plates 5a defining with cylinder segments la a multiplicity of longitudinal channels of generally trapezoidal cross section into which, as shown in FIG. 4, a filler 5b of concrete may be introduced to strengthen the jacket.
  • filler materials include expanded clay, glass or furnace slag as well as open-celled hard foam plastic.
  • a similar filler e.g. of grout, could be additionally or alternatively introduced into the outer channels of the jacket as shown at 5c in FIG. 3.
  • stirrups 7 may project into the voids as likewise illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the jacket 5 shown in FIG. 2 comprises simply an array of shell segments 5d of reinforced concrete held in position by stirrups 7 the reinforcing armatures being partly in the form of axially extending rods 5e.
  • Axially adjoining tubbing sections are separated by annular reinforcements each consisting of two sets of mutually overlapping ring segments 3, 4 lying flat against one another in a radial plane.
  • Ring segments 4 are curved T-profiles with webs 4a and flanges 4b, the latter being coaxial with the cylinder segments la and inwardly spaced therefrom. It will be noted that the profiled ring segments 4 are separated by gaps registering with the junctions of adjacent cylinder segments la and shell segments 5a (or 5b), these gaps being bridged by ring segments 3.
  • Ring segments 3 and 4 are welded to cylinder segments 1a at 1b and 10, respectively, and to each other at If.
  • Seams lb and 1c can also be used to hold the corrugated steel plates 5a in position as shown in FIG. 4; with the modified jacket 5' of FIG. 2 the concrete segments 5d may be secured to adjoining reinforcing rings by a welding of the ends of armatures 5e to their segments 3 and 4, respectively.
  • the radially outwardly projecting parts of ring segments 3 and web portions 4a form ribs bearing endwise upon the jackets 5 or 5'.
  • the structure so far described may be installed one tubbing section at a time, with each cylinder segment 1a initially welded to the associated shell segment a (or 5d) and the web portion 4a of the corresponding ring segment 4 in the manner indicated above, as by means of a weld seam 1e.
  • the other end of the segmental unit 1a, 5a (or 5d) may be joined to a ring segment 3 which, however, is peripherally staggered with reference to that unit and to segment 4.
  • the narrower unit rigid with keystone 4' is slid into place whereupon the several webs 4a are bolted at to the adjoining ring segments 3 of the previously formed tubbing section.
  • the joint between these tubbing sections is then completed by a welded connection 11 between elements 3 and 4a.
  • the junctions between segments 1a are covered by the strips 2 which are bolted down at 1d and welded in position at le.
  • elements 3 and 4a are separated near their outer peripheries by an annular recess 3b adapted to receive angularly profiled inserts 12 and 12' of corrosion-resistant plastic or possibly metallic material.
  • These inserts have flanges which overlie the outer edges of elements 3 and 4a and are in contact with the ends of protective coatings 9 of similar material adhering to the external surface of jacket 5.
  • These coatings which may completely cover the outer trapezoidal channels of the corrugated plates 5a in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-7, abut the webs of inserts 12 and 12' which are wedged into the clearance 3b; these inserts are also subdivided into segments, preferably in overlapping relationship as seen in FIG. 7, and are emplaced together with the shell segments of a new tubbing section on the exposed faces of ring segments 3 secured to a previously installed section.
  • the coatings 9 (omitted for clarity in FIG. 7) of juxtaposed jackets 5 may also extend through the narrow gap between the segments la of two adjacent steel tubes la and over part of the inner surfaces of these tubes into a recess 2a of a strip 2 overlying this gap, the strip 2 thus bear ing upon the segments la only by its longitudinal edges while also exerting clamping pressure upon the terminal zones of the coatings, received in recess 2a, through a resilient pad 8 of rubber or other elastomeric material.
  • Weld seam 1e advantageously extends completely around the strip 2 to join the ends of the strip to segments 3 and 4 while forming a bead which spans the narrow gap between webs 4a sealed by the coatings 9.
  • a liner for a tunnel wall comprising:
  • a cylindrical outer jacket surrounding said tube over the full length of a tubbing section thereof, said jacket being peripherally subdivided into a plurality of corrugated metallic shell segments substantially coextensive with respective cylinder segments, said shell segments forming axially extending channels along the outer periphery of said tube;
  • fastening means interconnecting said cylinder segments and said shell segments 2.
  • a liner as defined in claim 1 wherein said fastening means comprises a plurality of relatively narrow metallic strips ex tending axially along the junctions of said cylinder segments in overlapping relationship therewith for unifying same, and an annular reinforcement interposed between any two adjoining tubbing sections.
  • a liner as defined in claim 7 wherein said web portions are cut off along substantially radial edges except at two locations spaced apart a fraction of a quadrant in alignment with a pair of successive junctions of said cylinder segments, said 10- cations forming the boundaries of two spaced-apart web portions and one intervening web portion, said spaced-apart web portions being cut off along substantially parallel confronting edges facilitating insertion of said intervening web portion therebetween.
  • a liner as defined in claim 9 wherein said reinforcement includes a second set of substantially complementary metallic ring segments, the two sets overlappingly overlying one another along said radial plane, the coatings of adjoining tubbing sections extending over the outer peripheries of respective sets of ring segments of an interposed reinforcement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
US48997A 1969-06-25 1970-06-23 Liner for tunnel wall Expired - Lifetime US3673806A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691932107 DE1932107A1 (de) 1969-06-25 1969-06-25 Tunnelring mit staehlerner Tragkonstruktion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3673806A true US3673806A (en) 1972-07-04

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US48997A Expired - Lifetime US3673806A (en) 1969-06-25 1970-06-23 Liner for tunnel wall

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US (1) US3673806A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4814110B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1932107A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2039084A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1311113A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4084386A (en) * 1975-12-24 1978-04-18 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Apparatus for and a method of tunnelling
US4201497A (en) * 1977-09-30 1980-05-06 Artweger-Industrie-Gesellschaft M.B.H. Apparatus for producing a wall
US4940360A (en) * 1987-07-27 1990-07-10 Weholt Raymond L Insulated tunnel liner and rehabilitation system
US5833394A (en) * 1996-06-12 1998-11-10 Michael W. Wilson Composite concrete metal encased stiffeners for metal plate arch-type structures
US6402427B1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2002-06-11 Peter James Method for reinforcing tunnel linings
US20040194425A1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-07 Santa Cruz Cathy D. Method and apparatus used for constructing an arched shaped structure
US20140086686A1 (en) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Darrell J. Sanders Low profile mine shaft liner plate system and method
CN107905822A (zh) * 2017-09-13 2018-04-13 北京建工土木工程有限公司 一种大断面隧道可移动可调节防水施工台车
CN110080800A (zh) * 2019-05-10 2019-08-02 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种可适应大变形的盾构隧道衬砌管片
EP3521557A1 (de) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-07 ICW Ingenieur Consult Würzburg Peter Hofstetter Multifunktionsrahmen für röhrenartige bauwerke

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4084386A (en) * 1975-12-24 1978-04-18 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Apparatus for and a method of tunnelling
US4201497A (en) * 1977-09-30 1980-05-06 Artweger-Industrie-Gesellschaft M.B.H. Apparatus for producing a wall
US4940360A (en) * 1987-07-27 1990-07-10 Weholt Raymond L Insulated tunnel liner and rehabilitation system
US5833394A (en) * 1996-06-12 1998-11-10 Michael W. Wilson Composite concrete metal encased stiffeners for metal plate arch-type structures
US6595722B2 (en) 1996-06-12 2003-07-22 Ail International, Inc. Composite concrete metal encased stiffeners for metal plate arch-type structures
US6402427B1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2002-06-11 Peter James Method for reinforcing tunnel linings
US20040194425A1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-07 Santa Cruz Cathy D. Method and apparatus used for constructing an arched shaped structure
US20140086686A1 (en) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Darrell J. Sanders Low profile mine shaft liner plate system and method
CN107905822A (zh) * 2017-09-13 2018-04-13 北京建工土木工程有限公司 一种大断面隧道可移动可调节防水施工台车
EP3521557A1 (de) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-07 ICW Ingenieur Consult Würzburg Peter Hofstetter Multifunktionsrahmen für röhrenartige bauwerke
EP3521556A1 (de) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-07 ICW Ingenieur Consult Würzburg Peter Hofstetter Multifunktionsrahmen im tunnelbau
CN110080800A (zh) * 2019-05-10 2019-08-02 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种可适应大变形的盾构隧道衬砌管片
CN110080800B (zh) * 2019-05-10 2023-12-15 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种可适应大变形的盾构隧道衬砌管片

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1932107B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-09-11
FR2039084A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-01-08
GB1311113A (en) 1973-03-21
JPS4814110B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-05-02
DE1932107A1 (de) 1971-01-07

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