US3671336A - High-strength plain carbon steels having improved formability - Google Patents

High-strength plain carbon steels having improved formability Download PDF

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Publication number
US3671336A
US3671336A US842338A US3671336DA US3671336A US 3671336 A US3671336 A US 3671336A US 842338 A US842338 A US 842338A US 3671336D A US3671336D A US 3671336DA US 3671336 A US3671336 A US 3671336A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steels
strength
excess
zirconium
temperature range
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Expired - Lifetime
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US842338A
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English (en)
Inventor
Michael Korchynsky
John David Grozier
John L Mihelich
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Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp
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Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium

Definitions

  • the steels of the invention also exhibit superior formability resulting from the use of an inclusion shape-control agent comprising either Zirconium, or rare earths, or mischmetal which, of course, is a mixture of rare earths.
  • an inclusion shape-control agent results in the formation of substantially spherically shaped inclusion which retain their spherical shape in the hot-rolled finished material.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide plain carbon steels having high strength in combination with good toughness "and ductility and superior formability.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such steels characterized in a hot-rolled finished condition by yield strengths in excess of 35,000 p.s.i., ultimate tensile strengths in excess of 55,000 p.s.i., ductilities as measured by percent elongation (2 inches) in excess of 30% and good toughness.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide such steels which can be bent without cracking about an inside radius which is equal to or less than about one-half the thickness of the steels.
  • the steels of the present invention are fully killed and have the following general chemistry: carbon, .06% to .20%; manganese, .4% to 1.2%; silicon, 005% to .3%; sulfur, .04% maximum; phosphorus, .04% maximum;
  • an inclusion shape-control agent comprising either .05 to .20% zirconium, or .01% to .10% of rare earths or 01% to .10% mischmetal; and balance iron.
  • the preferred steels of the invention consist essentially of .12% to .16% carbon, .5% to .7% manganese, .1% maximum silicon, .02% maximum sulfur, .03% maximum phosphorus, .08% to .12% zirconium or .0l% to .10% of rare earths or mischmetal, balance iron.
  • Rare earths which are employed in the steels of the invention are, for example, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, yttrium and scandium.
  • Steels to possess the desired characteristics and properties of a yield strength in excess of 35,000 p.s.i., an ultimate tensile strength in excess of 55,000 p.s.i., ductility as measured by percent elongation (2 inches) in excess of 30% and good toughness are hot-rolled finished in the temperature range of 1550 F. to 1650 F., cooled at a rate within the range of 20 F. to F. per second and collected by coiling or piling within a preferred temperature range of 1025 F. to ll7S F. Steels finished and/or collected at temperatures in excess of the temperatures set out above or cooled at a rate less than 20 F. per second generally exhibit strengths below a yield strength of 35,000 p.s.i.
  • the steels do not have as good impact properties as steels hot rolled within the temperature ranges set out above.
  • Steels finished or coiled below the preferred temperature ranges exhibit ductilities as measured by percent elongation inferior to the ductilities of steels of the invention.
  • low finishing tempera.- tures result in production liabilities in that rolling speeds must be slower to achieve lower finishing temperatures.
  • the inclusion shape-control agents cause the sulfide inclusions in the steels to retain a spherical form, resulting in a significant improvement in the formability of the material.
  • certain inclusions become elongated during hot rolling and aligned parallel to the rolling direction and adversely affect the formability of the steels.
  • Zirconium additions are made when the mold is about one-third full and the additions completed by the time the mold is about two-thirds full. Typical zirconium recoveries achieved employing this method of addition are about 60%.
  • the zirconium additions can also be made to the ladle after the heat is tapped. However, the steel in the ladle must be fully killed to assure good zirconium recovery. In this technique, it is important to employ good teeming practice to minimize oxygen or nitrogen entrainment during teeming which ad versely affects zirconium recovery.
  • a killed high-strength plain carbon steel which has been hot-rolled finished in the temperature range 1550 F. to 1650" F., cooled at a rate within the range of 20 F. to 135 F. per second, and collected within a preferred temperature range of 1025 F. to 1175 F., the steel being characterized in a hot rolled condition by a yield strength in excess of 35,000 p.s.i., an ultimate tensile strength in excess of 55,000 p.s.i., ductility as measured by percent elongation (2 inches) in excess of good toughness and formability, said steel consisting essentially
  • Heat No. 427829 was a plain carbon steel containing .14% carbon, .28% manganese and .06% silicon.
  • Heat No. COM-2 was a plain carbon steel containing .12% carbon, .44% manganese and .05% silicon. The faster cooling rates resulted in reduced ferrite grain sizes which bring about the higher yield strengths and improved toughness.
  • the steel of claim 1 wherein the sulfide inclusion shape-control agent comprises .01% to .10% of rare earths.
  • a killed high-strength plain carbon steel which has been hot-rolled finished in the temperature range 1550 -F. to 1650 F., cooled at a rate within the range of 20 F. to F. per second, and collected within a preferred temperature range of 1-0 25 F. to 1175 F., the steel being characterized in a hot rolled condition by a yield strength in excess of 35,000 p.s.i., zn ultimate tensile strength in excess of 55,000 p.s.i., ductility as measured by percent elongation (2 inches) in excess of 30%, good toughness and formability, said steel consisting essentially of .12% to .15% carbon, .5% to .7% manganese, .3%
  • the sulfide inclusion shape-control agent comprises .05% to 20% zirconium.
  • RICHARD DEAN Pnmary Examiner 6 The steel of claim 4 wherein the sulfide inclusion U S Cl XR shape-control agent comprises .0l% to .10% of rare 10 earths. 75l23 E, 123 H, 123 N, 123 L; 148-12, 12.3

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US842338A 1969-07-16 1969-07-16 High-strength plain carbon steels having improved formability Expired - Lifetime US3671336A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US84233869A 1969-07-16 1969-07-16

Publications (1)

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US3671336A true US3671336A (en) 1972-06-20

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Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3671336A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4927483B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA922939A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2033003B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1290659A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765874A (en) * 1972-05-19 1973-10-16 Armco Steel Corp Vacuum degassed, interstitial-free, low carbon steel and method for producing same
US3787250A (en) * 1971-03-11 1974-01-22 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Corrosion-resistant high-strength low-alloy steels
US3904446A (en) * 1973-07-12 1975-09-09 Nippon Kokan Kk Process of making high strength cold rolled steel having excellent bake-hardening properties
US3928083A (en) * 1973-03-09 1975-12-23 Nippon Steel Corp Process for producing an enamelling steel sheet
USRE28719E (en) * 1971-12-22 1976-02-24 United States Steel Corporation Method of making flat steel files
US3945858A (en) * 1973-03-19 1976-03-23 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing steel for low temperature services
US3976514A (en) * 1975-02-10 1976-08-24 Nippon Steel Corporation Method for producing a high toughness and high tensil steel
US4011106A (en) * 1975-06-18 1977-03-08 Nippon Steel Corporation Hot-rolled steel sheet of high cold formability and method of producing such steel sheet
US4023990A (en) * 1974-09-28 1977-05-17 Hoesch Werke Aktiengesellschaft Dynamo or electro band
US4032333A (en) * 1973-12-28 1977-06-28 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Aktiebolag Rolled steel materials
US4054447A (en) * 1973-02-16 1977-10-18 Gennosuke Tenmyo Steel resistant to intergranular stress corrosion cracking
US4127427A (en) * 1975-08-15 1978-11-28 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Super mild steel having excellent workability and non-aging properties

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5818404B2 (ja) * 1975-01-24 1983-04-13 日本鋼管株式会社 ダイケイウスニクコウカンノヤキイレ ヤキモドシホウホウ

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3787250A (en) * 1971-03-11 1974-01-22 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Corrosion-resistant high-strength low-alloy steels
USRE28719E (en) * 1971-12-22 1976-02-24 United States Steel Corporation Method of making flat steel files
US3765874A (en) * 1972-05-19 1973-10-16 Armco Steel Corp Vacuum degassed, interstitial-free, low carbon steel and method for producing same
US4054447A (en) * 1973-02-16 1977-10-18 Gennosuke Tenmyo Steel resistant to intergranular stress corrosion cracking
US3928083A (en) * 1973-03-09 1975-12-23 Nippon Steel Corp Process for producing an enamelling steel sheet
US3945858A (en) * 1973-03-19 1976-03-23 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing steel for low temperature services
US3904446A (en) * 1973-07-12 1975-09-09 Nippon Kokan Kk Process of making high strength cold rolled steel having excellent bake-hardening properties
US4032333A (en) * 1973-12-28 1977-06-28 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Aktiebolag Rolled steel materials
US4023990A (en) * 1974-09-28 1977-05-17 Hoesch Werke Aktiengesellschaft Dynamo or electro band
US3976514A (en) * 1975-02-10 1976-08-24 Nippon Steel Corporation Method for producing a high toughness and high tensil steel
US4011106A (en) * 1975-06-18 1977-03-08 Nippon Steel Corporation Hot-rolled steel sheet of high cold formability and method of producing such steel sheet
US4127427A (en) * 1975-08-15 1978-11-28 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Super mild steel having excellent workability and non-aging properties

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2033003A1 (de) 1971-01-28
JPS4927483B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-07-18
DE2033003B2 (de) 1976-02-05
CA922939A (en) 1973-03-20
GB1290659A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-27

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