US3660973A - Spun yarn and a method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Spun yarn and a method for manufacturing the same Download PDF

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US3660973A
US3660973A US861933A US86193369A US3660973A US 3660973 A US3660973 A US 3660973A US 861933 A US861933 A US 861933A US 86193369 A US86193369 A US 86193369A US 3660973 A US3660973 A US 3660973A
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Prior art keywords
yarn
fibers
fiber
spun yarn
percent
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US861933A
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Kozo Susami
Keiichi Minami
Masaaki Tabata
Teiryo Kojima
Zyuji Yunoki
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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Priority claimed from JP7019168A external-priority patent/JPS541824B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP7244568A external-priority patent/JPS541823B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP7350068A external-priority patent/JPS548776B1/ja
Application filed by Toray Industries Inc filed Critical Toray Industries Inc
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/11—Spinning by false-twisting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved spun yarn and a method for manufacturing the same, more particularly it relates to a spun yarn having particular internal configurational features and a spinning method of an open-end-type for manufacturing the same utilizing pneumatic force.
  • outer fibrous layers of a yarn hereinafter used refers to fibrous layers of the yarn radially remote from a central longitudinal axis of the yarn while the term “inner fibrous layers of a yarn” hereinafter used refers to fibrous layers of the yarn radially in the vicinity of the central longitudinal axis.
  • a spiral diameter of a single fiber refers to a diameter of a circle made by the spiral of the fiber taken along a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal central axis of the fiber.
  • an uneveness index 2 hereinafter used refers to a value calculated in the following manner.
  • a Ue percent of a spinning yarn is obtained by measuring unevenness of the yarn on an evenness Uster-type tester and a critical percent unevenness Ut X 80/q is also calculated when "q is a number of component fibers contained within a lateral cross-section of the yarn.
  • the unevenness index Z is given by Ut( U31 1) U13
  • the term a variation coefficient of stretching tension S hereinafter used refers to a value measured and calculated in the following manner. A spun yarn to be measured is passed through a zone intervening two pairs of rollers located apart from each other by cm.
  • the ratio of a surface speed of the downstream side roller, with respect to that of the upstream side roller, is set at 1.05.
  • the tension of the spun yarn passed is successively measured by a suitable tension meter and recorded by a suitable recording device connected to the meter. Then, the variation coefficient of stretching tension 8 can be calculated from thus obtained record by using a conventional method.
  • a spun yarn In the conventional method of manufacturing a spun yarn, a plurality of single fibers of limited length are assembled together to form a fiber strand, the fiber strand is subjected to fiber orientation and stretching so as to have a desired thickness. Finally, a spun yarn of desired features can be acquired by imparting twists to this fiber strand.
  • a yarn manufacturing method of the above-described type is adopted, one cannot obviate the formation to an appreciable extent of unevenness in both yarn thickness and fluctuation in the yarns mechanical properties due to the lengthwise positional relationship'and arrangement of individual fibers composing the yarn.
  • synthetic fibers lack in hygroscopic property and, because of this reason, they are not suitable for uses which require superior hygroscopic property such as pile fabrics purposed for undershirts, towels or bedsheets.
  • superior hygroscopic property such as pile fabrics purposed for undershirts, towels or bedsheets.
  • synthetic fibers they are usually blended with wool, cotton, or regenerated fibers.
  • Another attempt in this regard consists in formation of a large number of fine spaces in the yarn configuration so as to utilize capillarity effect due topresence of such fine spaces.
  • the spun yarn requires excellent softness, bulkiness, hygroscopic property, water absorptiveness, drape and air permeability together with increased adaptability for a weaving process.
  • a principal object of the present invention manufacturing a spun yarn having less unevenness in its thickness and uniform mechanical properties along the lengthwise direction thereof together with an enhanced adaptability for subsequent processes for making end products.
  • Another object of the present invention is to manufacture a spun yarn of excellent bulkiness and hygroscopic property from so-called hydrophobic material fibers.
  • a further object of the present invention is to manufacture a sliver used for making spun yarns of the above-described features.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a novel spinning method of an open-end-type for manufacturing a spun yarn of the above-described nature utilizing pneumatic force.
  • the spun yarn of the present invention is provided with the following characteristic configurational features.
  • the number of twists of the outer fibrous layer is different from that of the inner fibrous layer with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the yarn.
  • the spiral diameter of every fiber composing the yarn is almost identical. Further, the value of the unevenness index Z does not exceed 10 while the value of the variation coefficient of stretching tension S does not exceed 4;
  • the yarn manufacturing method of the present invention is essentially a kind of so-called openend-type spinning system.
  • Fibers are supplied to a feeding device through a pair of feed rollers in the form of a fiber strand. Being introduced into the feeding device, the individual fibers are liberated from the bundle during their transportation toa downstreamly disposed rotor.
  • the method of the present invention preferably utilizes a pneumatic force created by a compressed air supply.
  • the liberated fibers are ejected and accumulated onto an inside wall of the rotor and adheres thereon due to a centrifugal force caused by the high speed rotation of the rotor.
  • the adhered fibers are removed therefrom in a rebundled condition and delivered out of the rotor while being twisted to have a form of a spun yarn.
  • the art of the present invention eliminates the need of folding two or more single spun yarns resulting in effective art of surplus textile production expense. Further, the art of the present invention is effective in enrichment of relatively poor bulkiness characteristic to the conventional spun yarns, that is, the spun yarn of the present invention is provided with preferable softness and excellent resiliency.
  • the spun yarn of the above-described nature can hardly be manufactured by any of the conventionally known spinning systems of ring-spinning type.
  • a roving is subjected only to a lengthwise drafting operation and unevenness in the roving thickness survives, although its lengthwise period is elongated due to the drafting, in the resultant configuration of the formed spun yarn.
  • the unevenness index still remains at a high level and the variation coefficient of stretching tension still remains at a remarkably high level. This is a fatal drawback of the ring-spinning system and elimination of such trouble may be achieved only by completely reforming or revolutionally converting the spinning mechanism of this type.
  • the inventors of the present invention have come to a conclusion that the spun yarn concerned with the present invention can be effectively manufactured by employing an extremely high drafting together and simultaneously with a large extent of doubling in the process from a roving to a spun yarn and they established the above-defined method for manufacturing the novel spun yarn of the present invention.
  • the spun yarn manufactured by this method is configurationally characterized in that the number of twists of outer fibrous layers is different from that of inner fibrous layers with respect to a central longitudinal axis of the yarn and the spiral diameter of every fiber composing the yarn is almost identical.
  • this particular twist configuration there is no interference among the actions of the fibers composing different fibrous layers. This means that reaction ofthe outer fibrous layer against bending or torsional deformation externally applied to the yarn is independent from that of the inner fibrous layer. That is, less inter-fiber frictional contact takes place within the yarn configuration even at twice such deformations.
  • the spun yarn of the present invention is provided with excellent resiliency together with increased softness due to less inter-fiber frictional contact against applied deformations of the above-described nature. None of the conventional ring-spinning systems can provide the spun yarn having such excellent mechanical properties.
  • the yarn manufacturing method of the present invention further requires additional definition concerning the nature of a fiber strand to be supplied to the system.
  • the relationship between the frictional force for maintaining that particular fiber in the fiber strand (hereinafter referred to as Draw-out resisting force”) and the pneumatic frictional force for liberating that particular fiber from the fiber strand (hereinafter referred to as Keep-in resisting force) changes from time to time after the relief of the fiber strand from the nip by the feed rollers.
  • the above-described fiber liberating operation can be regarded as a kind of fiber strand drafting operation. From this view point, fibers whose trailing end is caught by the feed rollers can be referred to as low speed fibers, fibers released from the catch but still maintained in the fiber strand can be referred to as floating fibers and fibers completely liberated from the fiber strand into the air flow can be referred to as high-speed fibers.
  • Our knowledge of conventional drafting mechanism teaches us the fact that less quantity of the floating fibers brings about more uniform drafting effect.
  • the inventors of the present invention succeeded in providing a method for effectively liberating individual fibers from the supplied fiber strand and instantly changing them to high-speed fibers while suitably dominating formation of the floating fibers. This can be attained by defining the relationship between the draw-out resisting force F and the keep-in resisting force F both in mg scale, as follows.
  • N Number of individual fibers contained in a lateral crosssection of a fiber strand supplied to the system.
  • the fiber supplied to the spinning rotor can be carried out in a stable and uniform condition assuring decrease in yarn breakage and yarn unevenness.
  • the draw-out resisting force F is measured using a fiber strand of 0.5 T.P.l. and gram/yarn.
  • the fiber strand is nipped at two points apart from each other by a distance twice the average fiber length of the strand and at one of the nip points, the strand is drawn remotely away from the other nip point into a longitudinal direction thereof at a drawing rate of 20 mm/min.
  • maximum values of the draw-out resisting force are measured twenty times and the measured results are calculated into the draw-out resisting force F in mg.
  • the keep-in resisting force F is measured in the following manner. Five single fibers are bundled with their one ends arranged in order. A bundle portion extending from the arranged end by l5 mm is exposed into an air flow advancing at a speed of l l m/sec., the keep-in resisting force in this condition is measured twenty times and the keep-in resisting force F in mg is obtained by dividing an average of thus measured values by 75.
  • thedrawout resisting force F D is representative of the frictional force applied to the floating fibers by the surrounding fibers while the keep-in resisting force F A is representative of the pneumatic frictional force applied to the floating fibers by the advancing air flow within the feeding device. Therefore, the difference between F, and (F /NL) should preferably be larger than a certain value and the value was confirmed by the inventors of the present invention to be 0.45. By defining the relationship between F D and F A in this way, a remarkable decrease in yarn breakageand yarn unevenness can be realized.
  • the characteristic K can be measured and calculated in the following manner.
  • a staple fiber has a fineness of d denier and a specific gravity of p g/cm, that each fiber has a columnlike shape of .uniform diameter and that the cut cross-sectional area of each fiber is negligible, then the total surface area 8 m /g of 1 g ofstable fibers is given by Whereas, most of the actual fibers are not provided with column-like shape-of uniform diameter and the cross-sectional profile thereof is mostly deviated from round. Therefore, the actual value of the total surface area of l g of fibers is larger than the 8-value calculated by the above formula. The difference between thus calculated S-value and the value of the actual value of the total surface area can be an index of the deviation of the cross-sectional profile from round.
  • micronaire fineness (1, is measured by applying 6 lbs/inch pneumatic pressure to 3.24 g, fibers on the micronaire and the characteristic K is calculated as follows.
  • the characteristic K represents the deviation of the cross-sectional profile of the fiber from round and the value of the characteristic K decreases with increase in the total surface area of l g fibers.
  • the value of K for a polyester fiber having a nearly round cross-section is 0.326 and the value for a rayon fiber having a complete cross-sectional profile is 0.292.
  • This quantity of floating fibers is dependent upon the relation between the frictional force for keeping the fibers within the supplied fiber bundle and the pneumatic force tending to draw those fibers out from'the bundle into the pneumatic flow. As the latter becomes larger than the former, the quantity of the floating fibers decreases accordingly. Therefore, production of a spun yarn of enhanced quality in a stable processing condition can be attained if a bundle of fibers having a keep-in resisting force far larger than a draw-in resisting force is desirably supplied to the production system.
  • the difference between the abovedescribed both forces has a direct relationship to the crosssectional profile of thefibers.
  • FIG. 1 is a skeleton sketch of a preferred embodiment of a spinningsystem for carrying out the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a graphical drawing for presenting a relationship between A and the mechanical condition of the yarn manufacturing system
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are graphical representations of lengthwise fluctuation in stretching tension of yarns manufactured by the method of the present invention and the ordinary ring-spinning method, respectively,
  • FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of relations between twist constant, tensile strength and percent water retainment of the yarn manufactured by the method of the present invention
  • Hg. 5 is an explanatory drawing for showing a method of measuring bending strength of single fibers
  • FIG. 6 is a graphical drawing for showing a relation between bending strength of the material fiber and the degree of bulkiness of the resultant product made by the method of the present invention.
  • a fiber strand 1 is supplied from a given draft mechanism (not shown) to a feeding device 3 through a pair of feed rollers 2a and 212 being sucked thereinto by a pneumatic suction force due to a compressed air supply.
  • a pneumatic suction force due to a compressed air supply.
  • the spinning rotor 4 rotates at an extremely high rotating speed around its vertical central axis and the introduced fibers adhere to the spinning rotors inside wall and, in this adhered condition, rotate around the central axis due to centrifugal force caused by the high speed rotation of the spinning rotor 4. Then, the fibers are removed therefrom in succession, rebundled while being twisted on its path from the removal point to the bottom rotary axis 7 of the opening rotor 4, delivered out of the rotor 4 through the bottom rotary axis 7 in the form of a spun yarn 8 and taken-up in the form of a package 9 by a pair oftake-up rollers 11a and 11b and a winding drum 12 to which the package 9 peripherally contacts.
  • the manufacturing mechanism of the spun yarn of the present invention in the above-described spinning system is as follows. Now, provided that the supplied fiber strand 1 has unevenness of thickness of sine-wave-like profile defined by a wave-length )t and a relative amplitude a", the thickness of the fiber strand S(X) at the location X on the yarn longitudinal axis is given by;
  • the ratio of the variation coefficient of stretching tension S with respect to the corresponding value of the unevenness index Z ranges in between 0.25 and 0.50 and is far smaller than that of the yarn manufactured by the conventional ringspinning method, which is ordinarily larger than 0.50.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B a polypropylene 100 percent spun yarn of 30 (cotton spinning count), manufactured by the method of the present invention, is used for measuring the lengthwise fluctuation in stretching tension, taken on the ordinate, while a same yarn manufactured by the ordinary ring-spinning method is illustrated in FIG. 3B.
  • the spun yarn of the above-described excellent nature can be obtained in the open-end-type spinning system of the present invention by using a material fiber strand containing natural fibers such as cotton, wool and silk, regenerated fibers or synthetic fibers. Synthetic fibers of extremely hydrophobic nature can also be used as the material. Especially, when synthetic fibers having a moisture content of 4 percent or smaller is used as the material, the resultant spun yarn can be provided with uniform-distribution of fine voids in the allfibrous configuration thereof and an excellent humidity absorptiveness represented by a percent water retainment" of 150 or more.
  • moisture content above-used refers to that inherent in a single fiber in a condition of 20 C and 65 percent relative humidity and the value is given in the form of an average of the moisture contents possessed by the respective fibers.
  • the measure percent water retainment above-used is obtained in the following manner.
  • the specimen spun yarn is taken up in the form of a skein for times on a reeling machine having a peripheral length of 1 m.
  • the skein After being immersed into water of 20 C for 20 minutes, the skein is hung by its one end, for the purpose of water removal, within a room conditioned at 20 C and 65 percent relative humidity.
  • the weight W of the skein was measured. Then, provided that the weight of the skein within a room of 20 C and 65 percent relative humidity before water immersion is given by W0, the percent water retainment of the specimen fiber is given by;
  • the measure true percent boiling water shrinkage hereafter used is measured by preparing a dried specimen fiber in the same manner as explained above. This prepared specimen fiber is next subjected to a 300 mg/denier loading and the obtained result is calculated into the turn percent boiling water shrinkage.
  • the hydrophobic synthetic fiber preferably used in the art of the present invention should have a percent boiling water shrinkage of 5 or smaller together with a moisture content of 4 percent or smaller and such synthetic fibers as polyacrylonitriles, polyesters, polyamides and polypropylenes can favorably conform to this requirement. It is preferable that the fibrous material used in the art of the present invention should contain 30 percent by weight or more hydrophobic fibers as its component.
  • the internal configuration of the spun yarn thus prepared is characterized by being provided with numerous fine voids uniformly distributed in the respective fibrous layers.
  • This uniform distribution of numerous fine voids is brought about because, in the spinning system of the present invention, pneumatically liberated individual fibers are rebundled due to centrifugal force and vortical air flow created inside the spinning rotor.
  • This presence of numerous fine voids provides the yarn of the present invention with remarkably large humidity absorptiveness due to capillarity. So, even when hydrophobic fibers occupy a major part of the material fibers, the resultant spun yarn can be provided with superior humidity absorptiveness as compared to that of the conventional spun yarns made up of hydrophobic fibers.
  • Specimen undershirts were made up of the following three types of sample yarns by a knitting manner and were subjected to a performance test the result of which is illustrated in Table 1.
  • Sample I A spun yarn of synthetic fibers manufactured by the ordinary ring-spinning-type method.
  • Sample 11 A spun yarn made by the method of the present invention.
  • Sample III A bulky yarn made by blending highly shrinkable fibers with low shrinkable fibers.
  • an undershirt having preferable humidity absorptiveness, softness .moderately combined with resiliency can be obtained if percent water retainment of the material yarns becomes 150 or more.
  • the sample yarn 111 can also possess such degree of percent water retainment.
  • the percent shrinkage of the highly shrinkable fiber must be 5 or more, more generally from to 30, in order to manufacture a high bulky yarn of 7 TABLE 2 Percent moisture content at 20 C. temperature and 65% relative humidity Fineness in denier fiber length in mm.
  • the fineness of the fibers used in the present invention is selected according to the required count of the resultant spun yarn and to the end use of the product, it is generally and preferably in a range between 1.5 and 2.5 denier.
  • the material fiber may be provided with three-dimensional crimps for the purpose of bulkiness impartation to the resultant yarn.
  • provision of such crimps is not recommended in the art of the present invention because it sometimes requires increase in the yarn manufacturing cost and it tends to provide the resulting yarn with an apparent shrinkage exceeding 5 percent.
  • the spun yarn of the present invention can be provided with lengthwise uniformity in various senses and, even when it is made up of synthetic fibers only, excellent humidity absorptiveness. Therefore, the spun yarn of the present invention is advantageously used as a material for undershirts, bedsheets, towels and socks assuring provision of excellent quality and soft hand feeling.
  • these textile products have excellent resistance against abrasion and pill-formation during practical use.
  • the fibers composing the fiber strand need to have a bending strength of 400 times or larger.
  • the resultant textile products will have a degree of bulkiness ranging between 6.0 and 7.0 cm lg and, within the range of this degree of bulkiness, they can have remarkably enhanced resTstances against abrasion and pill-formation during actual use thereof.
  • fibers 13 and 14 should be of the same kind and the number of Q y 16 ut of 00 xaminers abrasion repetitions at this moment of the fibers break is in between hked the referred to as the bending strength of that fiber.
  • the bending 60 and Moderate ft with excellent strengths thus measured of several textile fiber yarns are as comfortability and humidity follows I 5 absorptiveness.
  • 58 out of I00 examiners feel the socks as preferable. Peruvian cotton from 600 to 1000 larger than Wool f om 100 to 00 7.0 Soft feeling and nice fit to wear Nylon larger than 10000 but poor resistance against pill- Polyacrylonitrile from 100 to 300 formation.
  • 26 out of I00 Polyester from 2000 to 4000 20 examiners f the socks Improved polyester larger than 300 desirable.
  • socks having excelample cotton, nylon or polyester fibers, and the fiber strand to lent reslstance F vlll-fomatlmp abraslon reslstanfiev be supplied to the open-end-type spinning system should hand'feelmg and bulkiness can b6 obtained y P Y 8 preferably contain at least percent by weight of fibers of the yam mamffactunng method Qfthe Psemmvemmm such nature.
  • the f f examples are 'uustrauve of the P?
  • Example 2 Polyester staple fibers of 1.5 denier fineness and 38 mm fiber length having five kinds of differently shaped crimps were used as the material. These material fibers were manufactured into slivers of 90 grain/l5 yards thickness and 0.5 TPl. by passing through an opening process, a cording process, two stayed drawing processes and a roving process. Using these slivers as specimens, values of draw-out resisting force F D in g and keep-in resisting force F A in mg were measured. Subsequent to this measurement, the slivers were processed through an open-end spinning process of the present invention and the resultant yarn breakages during the process were measured together with the thickness unevenness of the manufactured yarn. The measured results are illustrated in Table 8.
  • Example 3 Measurement, the same with that taken in the preceding example, was carried out on material staple fibers of 1.5 denier fineness and 38 mm fiber length. Polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene and rayon fibers were used as the material, The obtained result is presented in Table 9.
  • spun yarns were subjected to measurement of water retainment and the resultant percent water retainment was 167 percent for yarn manufactured by the method of the present invention and l35 percent for the yarn manufactured by the conventional ring-spinning method.
  • the moisture content of the above used polyacrylonitrile fiber at 20 C and 65 percent relative humidity was 1.6 percent and the percent boiling water shrinkage was 2.5 percent.
  • Knitting machine used Double interlock rib knitting machine of 21 gauge.
  • Example 5 Polyethyeneterephthalate polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.66 was processed through spinning, drawing and crimp impartation. The specification of the crimps imparted to the drawn filament was as follows.
  • One of the objects of the heat-set treatment performed here is the stabilization of the crimps already imparted to the filament. Another object of it is elimination of dependency of the shrinkableness and affinity to dye of the staple fibers upon the processing conditions in the following twist-set, heat-set or dyeing operation, that is stabilization of the internal configuration of the produced spun yarns. This heat-set treatment also has a great effect upon the crimp resiliency and crimp durability of the spun yarn obtained.
  • the preferable heat-set temperature to be employed in the art of the present invention is in a range from 100 to 115 C.
  • the temperature exceeds this upper limit, a considerable increase in the yarn breakage during the yarn formation and unevenness in the yarn thickness while the heat-set temperature under this lower limit will result in abnormal increase in the resultant spun yarn shrinkability. This latter increase tends to accompany difificulty in uniform dyeing of the spun yarn.
  • Example 6 Several kinds of staple fibers were made of polyacrylonitrile fibers having various cross-sectional profile characteristics K and the relationship between the value and the processing characteristics of the fibers in the spinning operation was investigated as shown in the following Table 12v through a mixing and blowing operation, a carding operation, two-staged drawing operations and a roving operation to obtain rovings of grain/l5 yards thickness and of 0.5 TPl. twists. Processing these roving samples through the spinning system shown in FIG. 1, yarn breakage and resultant unevenness of the yarn thickness were measured as shown in Table 13.
  • the value of K should preferably be 0.3 or smaller. It was also confirmed by the inventors of the present invention that the poly-acrylonitrile group staple fibers of the above-described nature can be easily produced by adopting suitable modifications in the known synthetic filaments spinning and drawing process.
  • Example 7 Stock dyed percent polyester fibers of 2 denier fineness and 51 mm fiber length were processed through the open-endtype spinning system of the invention to form a spun yarn of 24'. The yarn was provided with an average twist angle of 52.0 in its inner-layer portion. Next, mens stockings were made of the spun yarns under the following specification and the obtained stockings were subjected to a steam-set treatment for 1 minute at 1 10 C temperature after sewing.
  • Knitting machine used Hosiery knitting machine of links-boss type Diameter of the cylinder 4 in inch Number of the needles 176 Supplied yarn Plied yarn of two set supply Supply speed in m./min. 65
  • abrasion resistance is carried out following the method prescribed in ASTM. Dl 175-641 using a pressing load of 1", pneumatic pressure of 4""lin and an abrasive paper of CC800-CW type.
  • Evaluation of resistance against pill formation is carried out on an ICl-type pill tester.
  • An improved spun yarn comprising an inner fibrous layer and an outer fibrous layer with no distinct boundary between said layers, the number of twist possessed by fibers of said outer layer being different from that possessed by fibers of said inner layer with respect toa central longitudinal axis of said spun yarn, the spiral diameter of every fiber composing said yarn being substantially identical, the value of unevenness index not exceeding 10 and the value of variations of stretching tension not exceeding 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US861933A 1968-08-16 1969-09-29 Spun yarn and a method for manufacturing the same Expired - Lifetime US3660973A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7019168A JPS541824B1 (cs) 1968-08-16 1968-08-16
JP7244568A JPS541823B1 (cs) 1968-10-07 1968-10-07
JP7350068A JPS548776B1 (cs) 1968-10-11 1968-10-11
JP7613468 1968-10-21
JP7651168 1968-10-22

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US3660973A true US3660973A (en) 1972-05-09

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US (1) US3660973A (cs)
CH (1) CH510138A (cs)
DE (1) DE1949172C3 (cs)
FR (1) FR2019252A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1288975A (cs)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050151298A1 (en) * 2004-01-12 2005-07-14 Pawloski James C. Pouch production apparatus and method

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2911783A (en) * 1959-11-10 Process and apparatus for spinning a yarn
US3126697A (en) * 1964-03-31 Apparatus for continuous spinning of fibrous textile materials
US3163976A (en) * 1962-05-25 1965-01-05 Alsacienne Constr Meca Spinning device
US3501907A (en) * 1966-12-20 1970-03-24 Toray Industries Spun yarn and its doubled yarn
US3511042A (en) * 1967-12-08 1970-05-12 Chary Anna Seidov Spindleless spinning apparatus
US3523300A (en) * 1966-08-18 1970-08-04 Toray Industries Spinning method and apparatus for manufacturing yarn from textile fibers

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2911783A (en) * 1959-11-10 Process and apparatus for spinning a yarn
US3126697A (en) * 1964-03-31 Apparatus for continuous spinning of fibrous textile materials
US3163976A (en) * 1962-05-25 1965-01-05 Alsacienne Constr Meca Spinning device
US3523300A (en) * 1966-08-18 1970-08-04 Toray Industries Spinning method and apparatus for manufacturing yarn from textile fibers
US3501907A (en) * 1966-12-20 1970-03-24 Toray Industries Spun yarn and its doubled yarn
US3511042A (en) * 1967-12-08 1970-05-12 Chary Anna Seidov Spindleless spinning apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050151298A1 (en) * 2004-01-12 2005-07-14 Pawloski James C. Pouch production apparatus and method
WO2005068158A2 (en) * 2004-01-12 2005-07-28 S. C. Johnson Home Storage, Inc. Pouch production apparatus and method
WO2005068158A3 (en) * 2004-01-12 2006-01-05 S C Johnson Home Storage Inc Pouch production apparatus and method
US7207794B2 (en) 2004-01-12 2007-04-24 S.C. Johnson Home Storage, Inc. Pouch production apparatus and method

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DE1949172C3 (de) 1981-02-12
GB1288975A (cs) 1972-09-13
DE1949172B2 (de) 1977-04-21
DE1949172A1 (de) 1970-05-21
CH510138A (de) 1971-07-15
FR2019252A1 (cs) 1970-06-26

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