US3658386A - Hopper craft - Google Patents

Hopper craft Download PDF

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Publication number
US3658386A
US3658386A US872973A US3658386DA US3658386A US 3658386 A US3658386 A US 3658386A US 872973 A US872973 A US 872973A US 3658386D A US3658386D A US 3658386DA US 3658386 A US3658386 A US 3658386A
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United States
Prior art keywords
air chambers
hopper
overflow
central
craft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US872973A
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English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Bertus Laarman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHC Holland NV
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IHC Holland NV
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IHC Holland NV filed Critical IHC Holland NV
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Publication of US3658386A publication Critical patent/US3658386A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
    • E02F7/04—Loading devices mounted on a dredger or an excavator hopper dredgers, also equipment for unloading the hopper
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
    • E02F7/06—Delivery chutes or screening plants or mixing plants mounted on dredgers or excavators
    • E02F7/065—Delivery chutes or screening plants or mixing plants mounted on dredgers or excavators mounted on a floating dredger

Definitions

  • a hopper craft is adapted to be loaded with relatively light material such as mud or with relatively dense material such as mixtures of sand and gravel.
  • a central hopper is provided with air chambers on either side, and loading means selectively direct the load into the central hopper and/or the air chambers.
  • the central hopper overflows into the air chambers and v the air chambers overflow to the sea; while alternatively, the central hopper can overflow directly to the sea.
  • the central chambers are used for any type of material but the air chambers are used only for light material.
  • Such a craft is adapted to carry, and afterwards unload, dredged soil,'and may or may not be a self-propelled box, a stationary dredge-with a pump, a tow dredge with a pump, or the like. 7
  • a hopper craft is usually dimensioned in such a way that the volume of the central hopper corresponds with the most customary specific gravity of the material to be carried.
  • the specific gravity of the load is usually dimensioned in such a way that the volume of the central hopper corresponds with the most customary specific gravity of the material to be carried.
  • the specific gravity of the load varies greatly, ranging from about 1.2 for mud, to 2.2 for a solid mixture of sand and gravel.
  • the estimated specific gravity of sand is about 1.8
  • a hopper craft is generally constructed to carry material having a specific gravity of about 1.8.
  • the vessel is carrying a considerably lighter load than is permitted by its buoyancy.
  • the hopper craft might be dimensioned for a lower specific gravity than that of sand, so that a better loading limit is provided for mud, but the circumstance arises that when loading heavy material at a certain stage a weight has been reached at which the central hopper is only partially filled with material, and the water-line of the craft is so high that an overflow has become impossible. In this case there is still a considerable quantity of water above the material, said water forming a dead weight.
  • the hopper craft has been provided with means for loading the air chambers with the material to be carried and unloading said material from the air chambers.
  • the craft is constructed in such a way that with a maximum load of material having a highspecific gravity nearly all the excess water can still flow away, the overflow of said hopper being adapted to be raised to such a level that the stability of the hopper craft is not affected when the hopper is loaded with material having at average specific gravity. If light material has now to be loaded, the hopper is loaded to a level which corresponds with a volume having the specific gravity of average sand, while the air chambers are then loaded with the light material (mud, for example).
  • the means for loading the air chambers with the material to be carried may consist of branched pipes of the chute for the central hopper, which chute may be valve controlled, said branched pipes naturally being valve controlled and debouching into the air chambers, and being spaced over one or more locations.
  • the lateral overflows of the central hopper may also flow directly into the air chambers, which overflows may be shortcircuited overboard when loading heavy material.
  • a direct connection between the overflow of the central hopper and the outboard side may be effected, for instance, by means of valves which seal the air chambers at the upper side. It goes without saying that other constructions may be thought of for discharging the overflow straight overboard.
  • Flap doors may be provided for unloading the air chambers, but it is also possible for every air chamber to be connected to the suction pipe of a pump by means of which the air chambers may be pumped dry.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically a longitudinal view of a hopper craft constructed as a tow dredge pump.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through the craft on the line II-II in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows diagrammatically an embodiment of the invention on an enlarged scale for loading the air chambers.
  • FIG. 4 shows another construction of the embodiment according to FIG. 3.
  • the center part 3 athwartship is constructed in three parts. It has a central hopper 4 with air chambers 5 and 6 on either side thereof.
  • a pressure pipe 7 leading from a dredge pump 8 is arranged in a central position and in a longitudinal direction above the central hopper 4.
  • Branch pipes 9 leading from the pressure pipe 7 have been provided with stop valves 10, said branch pipes 9 debouching into the air chambers 5 and 6.
  • the central hopper 4 has been provided with an overflow 11 on either side, said overflow emptying straight into the sea. The overflow of the air chambers is not shown in the drawing.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the overflow 11 of the central hopper 4 debouches into a pipe 12, the overflow 13 of the air chamber 5 also debouching into thispipe 12.
  • the pipe 12 leads via pipes 14, across the air chamber to and out through the ships hull 15.
  • the central hopper and the air chambers are filled via the pipe 7 with a greater or lesser number of stop valves 10 being in open position until their level of overflow has been reached when the water escapes. This process is repeated until the desired, generally maximum, loading capacity of the craft has been attained.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which no extra pipes 9 need be provided, which pipes debouch into the air chambers.
  • Loading takes place via the central pipe 7 in the central hopper, and once the central hopper has been filled to capacity, the suspension automatically flows to the air chambers 5 and 6 via the overflow 1l.
  • valves 16 pivotally arranged around horizontal axes 17. If materialwith an average to high specific gravity is loaded in the central hopper, the valve 16 are lowered, and the overflow will flow right across the valve 16 (illustrated with dotted lines in FIG. 4) into the water; If mud is to be loaded, the valves I6 are raised, forming an overflow for the air chamber 5 and 6 respectively. This gives the mud overflowing from the central hopper 4 into the air chamber 5 the chance to settle, the water then flowing off to the outside over the valve 16.
  • a pipe 18 for the discharge of the mud from the air chambers 5 and 6 on the bottom of each of the air chambers (FIGS. 1 and 2), said pipe being adapted to communicate with a pump, which is the dredge pump 8 in the example in question.
  • the pipe 18 may, for example, lead in a longitudinal direction to a position midway of the air chamber.
  • a craft having a loading capacity of 9,000 tons may serve as an example.
  • the craft is constructed in such a way according to the invention that the overflow is complete, or substantially complete with a load of 4,200 m of material having a specific gravity of 2.2, said volume for complete overflow being adapted to be raised to a volume of 5,000 m, the acceptable stability of the craft remaining intact if this volume is filled with material having a specific gravity of at most 1.8.
  • the overflow should be adapted to a corresponding height.
  • only the central hopper is loaded with a load having a specific gravity in the range of between 2.2 1.8.
  • the central hopper is filled with 5,000 m and the air chambers with 2,500 m of mud.
  • the embodiment in which the overflow of the central hopper opens directly into the air chambers has the additional advantage, with respect to the arrangement in which the air chambers are loaded directly, that the heaviest material settles in the central hopper, because of which stones and the like will therefore not get into the air chambers.
  • a hopper craft for dredged soil and water comprising a buoyant hull having at least one central hopper therein and at least two air chambers therein disposed one on either lateral side of the craft with the central hopper between them, means for loading dredged soil and water into said central hopper, means for selectively loading dredged soil and water into said air chambers,-means for removing dredged soil and water from the bottom of said central hopper, means for removing dredged soil and water from the bottom of said air chambers, overflow means by which water from said central hopper overflows by gravity into said air chambers, and means for selectively preventing said overflow from said central hopper into said air chambers and for directing said overflow from said central hopper overboard of said craft.
  • said selective directing means comprising means swingable between a lowered position in which said-means direct overflow from the central chamber to the sea, and a raised position in which said means permit overflow ofsaid central chamber to said air chamber.
  • said selective directing means in said raised position comprising an overflow means from said air chambers overboard of said craft, the last-named overflow means being substantially lower than the overflow means between the central chamber and the air chambers.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)
US872973A 1968-11-01 1969-10-31 Hopper craft Expired - Lifetime US3658386A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6815628.A NL163288C (nl) 1968-11-01 1968-11-01 Hoppervaartuig.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3658386A true US3658386A (en) 1972-04-25

Family

ID=19805055

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US872973A Expired - Lifetime US3658386A (en) 1968-11-01 1969-10-31 Hopper craft

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3658386A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE741028A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1955627C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2022413B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1253316A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL163288C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3999566A (en) * 1975-08-21 1976-12-28 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for discharging overboard excess water from hopper of hopper suction dredger or barge or scow
WO2010122093A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2010-10-28 Dredging International N.V. Dredging vessel and method for loading the dredging vessel with dredged material
EP3854945A1 (en) * 2020-01-23 2021-07-28 Damen 40 B.V. A suction hopper dredger

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL177238C (nl) * 1980-04-14 1985-08-16 Ihc Holland Nv Sleepzuiger met laadruim en overvloei.
RU2603810C1 (ru) * 2015-09-21 2016-11-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Астраханский государственный университет" (Астраханский государственный университет) Судно для транспортировки грунта при производстве дноуглубительных работ
RU171525U1 (ru) * 2016-11-21 2017-06-05 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Астраханский государственный университет" Судно для транспортировки пульпы при производстве дноуглубительных работ
RU2705457C2 (ru) * 2017-11-01 2019-11-07 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Астраханский государственный университет" Плавучее средство для транспортировки грунта при производстве дноуглубительных работ

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE198265C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US304982A (en) * 1884-09-09 wiesebrock
US1750095A (en) * 1928-06-06 1930-03-11 Ewig Friedrich Hold for dredgers
US2545853A (en) * 1946-05-13 1951-03-20 Howden James & Co Ltd Hydraulic dust trap
GB836101A (en) * 1957-12-07 1960-06-01 Wouter Arie Bos Improvements in or relating to suction dredgers

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE198265C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US304982A (en) * 1884-09-09 wiesebrock
US1750095A (en) * 1928-06-06 1930-03-11 Ewig Friedrich Hold for dredgers
US2545853A (en) * 1946-05-13 1951-03-20 Howden James & Co Ltd Hydraulic dust trap
GB836101A (en) * 1957-12-07 1960-06-01 Wouter Arie Bos Improvements in or relating to suction dredgers

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3999566A (en) * 1975-08-21 1976-12-28 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for discharging overboard excess water from hopper of hopper suction dredger or barge or scow
WO2010122093A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2010-10-28 Dredging International N.V. Dredging vessel and method for loading the dredging vessel with dredged material
BE1018577A4 (nl) * 2009-04-22 2011-04-05 Dredging Int Baggertuig en werkwijze voor het beladen van het baggertuig met baggerspecie.
EP3854945A1 (en) * 2020-01-23 2021-07-28 Damen 40 B.V. A suction hopper dredger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1955627A1 (de) 1970-05-06
GB1253316A (en) 1971-11-10
FR2022413A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-31
DE1955627C3 (de) 1978-06-15
NL163288B (nl) 1980-03-17
NL163288C (nl) 1980-08-15
FR2022413B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-03-16
NL6815628A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-06
DE1955627B2 (de) 1977-10-20
BE741028A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-30

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