US3648768A - Heat-exchanger components - Google Patents

Heat-exchanger components Download PDF

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Publication number
US3648768A
US3648768A US32659A US3648768DA US3648768A US 3648768 A US3648768 A US 3648768A US 32659 A US32659 A US 32659A US 3648768D A US3648768D A US 3648768DA US 3648768 A US3648768 A US 3648768A
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
elements
pipes
header
projecting ends
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US32659A
Inventor
Gunter Scholl
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BIO-ENERGY SYSTEMS Inc A CORP OF NY
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Individual
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Filing date
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Publication of US3648768A publication Critical patent/US3648768A/en
Assigned to BIO-ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC., A CORP. OF NY. reassignment BIO-ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC., A CORP. OF NY. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SCHOLL, GUNTER
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3648768B1 publication Critical patent/US3648768B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1615—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
    • F28D7/1623—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0041—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having parts touching each other or tubes assembled in panel form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/22—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/06—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints
    • F28F9/08—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints by wedge-type connections, e.g. taper ferrule
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
    • Y10T29/49378—Finned tube

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

Heat-exchanger elements of plastic each of which is preferably produced in one piece by extrusion and consists of a plurality of substantially parallel tubes which are integrally secured to one another by connecting webs. A plurality of such elements may be interconnected by headers so as to form a larger heating unit.

Claims (20)

1. A heat exchanger comprising at least one unitary element of plastic material consisting of a multiplicity of thin-walled parallel pipes molded integrally with one another and with connecting webs maintaining said pipes transversely spaced.
2. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 1 wherein said pipes are divided into several sets of at least two adjacent pipes each, the axes and connecting webs of successive sets lying alternately in two parallel planes.
3. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 1 wherein said pipes have ends projecting beyond said webs, further comprising a header interconnecting said pipes, said header being anchored to said projecting ends.
4. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 3 wherein said header has a set of bores respectively traversed by said projecting ends.
5. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 4 wherein said projecting ends have extremities extending past said bores, further comprising wedge means in said header engaging in said extremities for dilating same.
6. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 5 wherein said wedge means comprises a set of tubular screws with conical heads of a diameter exceeding the inner pipe diameter.
7. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 5 wherein said wedge means comprises a set of compression springs aligned with said pipes and terminating in conical spreaders for said extremities, said springs bearing upon an inner wall surface of said header remote from said bores.
8. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 7 wherein said springs are coiled, said spreaders consisting of tapering turns of the coils.
9. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 7 wherein said spreaders are tubular inserts carried by said springs.
10. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 3 wherein said header has a set of bores confronting said projecting ends, further comprising nipples seated in said bores and connected with said projecting ends outside the header.
11. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 10 wherein said nipples have bulb-shaped outer ends received in said projecting ends, the latter being shrunk onto said nipple.
12. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 10 wherein said nipples have constricted outer ends received in said projecting ends, further comprising external clamping means holding said projecting ends onto said constricted ends.
13. A heat exchanger comprising a plurality of unitary elements as defined in claim 1 transversely spaced from one another and a generally rectangular spacer inserted between a pair of said elements in positive engagement therewith, said spacer having major sides indented to receive the adjoining halves of the pipes of said pair of elements.
14. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 13 wherein said spacer is bonded to said pair of elements.
15. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 13 wherein said connecting webs of said pair of elements are provided with apertures accommodating fastening means for holding said spacer in position therebetween.
16. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 13 wherein at least two of said elements are juxtaposed with their pipEs coplanar, further comprising individual headers for said elements respectively connected with the pipes thereof at one end of each element and a common header connected with the pipes of all said elements at the opposite end.
17. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 16 in which said headers are movable independently of one another in their longitudinal directions.
18. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 16 wherein said individual headers are coaxially disposed and provided with coupling sleeves establishing a fluid path therebetween.
19. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 16 wherein said elements are divided into two groups of at least two elements each, the elements of each group being provided with a common header at said opposite end, further comprising a supply duct communicating with an individual header of each group and a discharge group communicating with another individual header of each group with establishment of a fluid path from said supply duct to said discharge duct by way of said individual and common headers.
20. A heat exchanger as defined in claim 19 wherein said groups are provided with mounting means enabling relative movement thereof in response to thermal expansion and contraction.
US32659A 1969-05-22 1970-04-28 Heat-exchanger components Expired - Lifetime US3648768A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691926187 DE1926187A1 (en) 1969-05-22 1969-05-22 Heat exchange element made of materials with low thermal conductivity and strength
DE19691937783 DE1937783B2 (en) 1969-05-22 1969-07-25 HEAT EXCHANGER ELEMENT FOR PARTITION WALL HEAT EXCHANGER
DE19691948407 DE1948407A1 (en) 1969-05-22 1969-09-25 Heat exchange element made of materials with low thermal conductivity and strength

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3648768A true US3648768A (en) 1972-03-14
US3648768B1 US3648768B1 (en) 1983-10-18

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US32659A Expired - Lifetime US3648768A (en) 1969-05-22 1970-04-28 Heat-exchanger components

Country Status (12)

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US (1) US3648768A (en)
JP (1) JPS4930180B1 (en)
BE (1) BE750699A (en)
BG (1) BG20404A3 (en)
CH (1) CH517281A (en)
CS (1) CS174119B2 (en)
DE (3) DE1926187A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2043609B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1311998A (en)
NL (1) NL7005449A (en)
RO (1) RO61351A (en)
YU (1) YU33418B (en)

Cited By (60)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR2317604A1 (en) * 1975-06-25 1977-02-04 Hoechst Ag SOLAR ENERGY TRANSMISSION DEVICE TO A LIQUID MEDIUM
US4043015A (en) * 1976-08-18 1977-08-23 Brazeway, Inc. Method of forming a header assembly
DE2708408A1 (en) * 1976-08-18 1978-02-23 Hamon Sobelco Sa HEAT EXCHANGER
US4098331A (en) * 1974-10-07 1978-07-04 Fafco, Incorporated Solar heat exchange panel and method of fabrication
US4178909A (en) * 1978-05-01 1979-12-18 Reynolds Metals Company Solar collector
US4296539A (en) * 1978-01-27 1981-10-27 Kobe Steel, Limited Heat transfer tubing for natural gas evaporator
US4341346A (en) * 1980-07-30 1982-07-27 Alcan Aluminium (U.K.) Ltd. Radiators for use in hot water central heating systems
US4381764A (en) * 1980-03-20 1983-05-03 Warren Wojcik Solar panel
US4414960A (en) * 1982-05-10 1983-11-15 Insolar, Inc. Solar collection mat element
US4603731A (en) * 1984-11-21 1986-08-05 Ga Technologies Inc. Graphite fiber thermal radiator
US4694898A (en) * 1984-10-17 1987-09-22 Norsk Hydro A.S. Heat exchanger element comprising a single and integrally extruded member including at least two hollow tubes integrally joined by at least two webs
US4832119A (en) * 1986-06-05 1989-05-23 Bloor Trevor J Multi-tube heat exchanger and connectors therefor
AU617495B2 (en) * 1988-07-05 1991-11-28 Uponor N.V. A device for producing a grate construction and a grate construction
US5205593A (en) * 1990-08-03 1993-04-27 Francois Fondeur Method of tight connection, and corresponding tight connection fitting
US5411079A (en) * 1992-10-06 1995-05-02 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger and method for manufacturing the same
US5469915A (en) * 1992-05-29 1995-11-28 Anthony J. Cesaroni Panel heat exchanger formed from tubes and sheets
US5505254A (en) * 1993-08-19 1996-04-09 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger having tube support plate
WO2000043722A1 (en) * 1999-01-22 2000-07-27 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Heat exchanger with tube plates
US6302197B1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2001-10-16 Isteon Global Technologies, Inc. Louvered plastic heat exchanger
FR2810731A1 (en) * 2000-06-21 2001-12-28 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Heat exchanger for use in car radiators, heaters and air coolers for superchargers comprises bundle of flexible plastic tubes whose ends are attached to collectors with spacer bars between which keep tubes stretched
WO2002075220A1 (en) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-26 Robert Charles Dwyer Air treatment units
WO2002075232A1 (en) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-26 Robert Charles Dwyer Fluid to gas heat exchangers
US6488080B2 (en) * 2000-02-11 2002-12-03 Lg Electronics Inc. Refrigerator evaporator and method of manufacturing the same
US20030034154A1 (en) * 2001-08-14 2003-02-20 Otter James William Condensing heat exchanger formed of norbornene polymer
WO2003027596A1 (en) 2001-09-27 2003-04-03 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Heat exchanger barrier ribbon with polymeric tubes
US6547000B1 (en) * 1997-01-20 2003-04-15 Hadwaco Ltd. Oy Heat exchange for a film heat exchanger and a method for manufacturing the same
US20030070751A1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-04-17 Kevin Bergevin Method of manufacture for fluid handling polymeric barrier tube
US20030070752A1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-04-17 Kevin Bergevin Method of manufacture for fluid handling barrier ribbon with polymeric tubes
US6692037B1 (en) * 2002-10-29 2004-02-17 Global Industries Holdings Ltd. Flat water hose and hose connectors for flat water hose
EP1390681A1 (en) * 2001-05-02 2004-02-25 Aquatherm Industries, Inc. Overmolding insert for heat exchanger
US20050051318A1 (en) * 2002-11-29 2005-03-10 Calsonic Kansei Corporation Heat exchanger
US20050121169A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-09 Mcnair Edward F. Geothermal heating and/or cooling apparatus and method of using same
US20050145680A1 (en) * 2004-01-02 2005-07-07 Constantine Travassaros Space heating radiator
AU2003261501B2 (en) * 2003-03-13 2005-10-06 Lg Electronics Inc Heat exchanger and fabrication method thereof
US20050257922A1 (en) * 2004-05-19 2005-11-24 Shabtay Yoram L High pressure high temperature charge air cooler
US20070175468A1 (en) * 2006-02-01 2007-08-02 Vaughan William J Iv Systems and apparatuses for solar water heating
US20080271874A1 (en) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-06 John Gietzen Thermal energy exchanger
US20080283046A1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Chung Fu Hsu Solar collector having integral structure
US20090025921A1 (en) * 2005-09-27 2009-01-29 Uponor Innovation Ab Capillary Tube System
US20090041642A1 (en) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-12 General Electric Company Radiant coolers and methods for assembling same
US20090038155A1 (en) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-12 Judeth Helen Brannon Corry Syngas coolers and methods for assembling same
US20100083501A1 (en) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-08 Shah Suresh D Continuous manufacturing process for metal-plastic hybrid heat exchanger
US20100319379A1 (en) * 2009-06-23 2010-12-23 Hussmann Corporation Heat exchanger coil with wing tube profile for a refrigerated merchandiser
US20110036100A1 (en) * 2006-04-04 2011-02-17 Holger Sedlak Heat Pump
US20130025819A1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Tai-Her Yang Close-loop temperature equalization device having single-flowpath heat releasing device
US20140124974A1 (en) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-08 Charles George Williams Molding apparatus and method for operating same
WO2014209345A1 (en) * 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 Schneider Electric It Corporation Indirect evaporator cooler heat exchanger manufacturing method
US20150027437A1 (en) * 2009-02-12 2015-01-29 Babcock Power Services, Inc. Expansion joints for panels in solar boilers
US20150053379A1 (en) * 2012-03-19 2015-02-26 Bundy Refrigeration International Holding B.V. c/o Intertrust (Netherlands) B.V. Heat exchanger, method for its production as well as several devices comprising such a heat exchanger
US20170045309A1 (en) * 2015-08-11 2017-02-16 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation High temperature flow manifold
US20180003447A1 (en) * 2014-11-04 2018-01-04 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Heat-exchange element suitable for a heat exchange between first and second fluids, an exchanger core including the heat-exchange element and a heat exchanger including the exchanger core
CN108534395A (en) * 2018-05-17 2018-09-14 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 Heat exchanger and air conditioner with it
CN108562176A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-09-21 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 Heat exchanger and heat transmission equipment
CN108592654A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-09-28 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 Heat exchanger and heat transmission equipment
CN108645265A (en) * 2018-05-17 2018-10-12 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 Pipe wing monomer and heat exchanger, air conditioner with it
CN109780893A (en) * 2017-11-10 2019-05-21 王晋声 A kind of metal fin heat exchange unit and the heat exchanger using it
US20200149818A1 (en) * 2017-08-03 2020-05-14 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Heat exchanger and refrigeration cycle apparatus
CN111220007A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-06-02 四川金象赛瑞化工股份有限公司 Heat exchange plate, heat exchanger, application of heat exchanger and washing cooling tower
US11112182B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2021-09-07 Thomas Euler-Rolle Heat exchanger with adjustable guiding elements between tubes
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FR2592468A1 (en) * 1985-12-26 1987-07-03 Moureau Georges Exchanger for the concentrating of solutions and various liquids
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FR2785375B1 (en) * 1998-10-28 2001-01-12 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa HEAT EXCHANGER WITH TUBE BEAM AND COLLECTORS IN THERMOPLASTIC MATERIAL
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US3438432A (en) * 1967-06-26 1969-04-15 North American Rockwell Plastic heat exchanger with anti-buoyancy means

Cited By (89)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4098331A (en) * 1974-10-07 1978-07-04 Fafco, Incorporated Solar heat exchange panel and method of fabrication
US4066063A (en) * 1975-06-25 1978-01-03 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Device for the transmission of solar energy to a liquid medium
FR2317604A1 (en) * 1975-06-25 1977-02-04 Hoechst Ag SOLAR ENERGY TRANSMISSION DEVICE TO A LIQUID MEDIUM
US4043015A (en) * 1976-08-18 1977-08-23 Brazeway, Inc. Method of forming a header assembly
DE2708408A1 (en) * 1976-08-18 1978-02-23 Hamon Sobelco Sa HEAT EXCHANGER
US4296539A (en) * 1978-01-27 1981-10-27 Kobe Steel, Limited Heat transfer tubing for natural gas evaporator
US4178909A (en) * 1978-05-01 1979-12-18 Reynolds Metals Company Solar collector
US4381764A (en) * 1980-03-20 1983-05-03 Warren Wojcik Solar panel
US4341346A (en) * 1980-07-30 1982-07-27 Alcan Aluminium (U.K.) Ltd. Radiators for use in hot water central heating systems
US4414960A (en) * 1982-05-10 1983-11-15 Insolar, Inc. Solar collection mat element
US4694898A (en) * 1984-10-17 1987-09-22 Norsk Hydro A.S. Heat exchanger element comprising a single and integrally extruded member including at least two hollow tubes integrally joined by at least two webs
US4603731A (en) * 1984-11-21 1986-08-05 Ga Technologies Inc. Graphite fiber thermal radiator
US4832119A (en) * 1986-06-05 1989-05-23 Bloor Trevor J Multi-tube heat exchanger and connectors therefor
AU617495B2 (en) * 1988-07-05 1991-11-28 Uponor N.V. A device for producing a grate construction and a grate construction
US5205593A (en) * 1990-08-03 1993-04-27 Francois Fondeur Method of tight connection, and corresponding tight connection fitting
US5469915A (en) * 1992-05-29 1995-11-28 Anthony J. Cesaroni Panel heat exchanger formed from tubes and sheets
US5411079A (en) * 1992-10-06 1995-05-02 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger and method for manufacturing the same
US5513432A (en) * 1992-10-06 1996-05-07 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger and method for manufacturing the same
US5505254A (en) * 1993-08-19 1996-04-09 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger having tube support plate
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YU33418B (en) 1976-12-31
DE1948407A1 (en) 1971-04-08
CS174119B2 (en) 1977-03-31
YU124870A (en) 1976-06-30
NL7005449A (en) 1970-11-24
BG20404A3 (en) 1975-11-05
RO61351A (en) 1977-01-15
DE1926187A1 (en) 1970-11-26
GB1311998A (en) 1973-03-28
BE750699A (en) 1970-11-23
FR2043609B1 (en) 1974-02-01
DE1937783A1 (en) 1971-02-04
FR2043609A1 (en) 1971-02-19
JPS4930180B1 (en) 1974-08-10
DE1937783B2 (en) 1977-12-29
CH517281A (en) 1971-12-31
US3648768B1 (en) 1983-10-18

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