US3642391A - Rotary engines - Google Patents

Rotary engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3642391A
US3642391A US885481A US3642391DA US3642391A US 3642391 A US3642391 A US 3642391A US 885481 A US885481 A US 885481A US 3642391D A US3642391D A US 3642391DA US 3642391 A US3642391 A US 3642391A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
members
pistons
engine
piston
chamber
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Expired - Lifetime
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US885481A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gordon Shirley Wilson
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CORP OF CITY OF COVENTRY
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CORP OF CITY OF COVENTRY
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/40—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and having a hinged member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2730/00—Internal-combustion engines with pistons rotating or oscillating with relation to the housing
    • F02B2730/01—Internal-combustion engines with pistons rotating or oscillating with relation to the housing with one or more pistons in the form of a disk or rotor rotating with relation to the housing; with annular working chamber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [30] Foreign Application Priority Data
  • a rotary engine such as an internal combustion engine or pump or compressor is disclosed in which pistons pivotally in- Dec. 18, Great England terlinked crank members ofthe engine Shafi are arranged to follow with oscillatory movement a path of approximately 2% elliptical form in leading and trailing transverse sealing con- E i c 4187260 6 264 tact with an inner peripheral wall of the engine chamber of corresponding profile wherein the pistons are externally interconnected through openings in sidewall members of the engine chamber with follower members such as rollers cooperat- [56] References Cited ing with cam track means outside the engine chamber, the for- UNITED STATES PATENTS mation of the cam track means being of corresponding ap- 1 proximate elliptical form to that of the inner peripheral wall of l the engine chamber whereby the pistons are upported during 147,623 2/1874 Ellis 335,121 2/1886 Forsythe....
  • This invention relates to rotary engines of the kind in which pistons pivotally connected to the engine shaft are arranged to follow with oscillatory movement a path of elliptical or like form in sealing contact with a wall of the engine chamber of corresponding profile.
  • the object of this invention is to provide an improved engine of this kind primarily as an internal combustion engine but also capable of practical embodiments as a pump or compressor whereby piston seal wear is considerably reduced and other practical advantages achieved as will be apparent from the following disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is an end view of one form of the engine partly in section to reveal construction
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are part axial plane sections taken on the lines IIII and III-III respectively of FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 4 to 8 are diagrams each showing a different arrangement of piston and follower rollers
  • FIG. 9 is an end view of a developed form of the engine partly in section to reveal construction
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are part axial plane sections taken on the lines X-X and XI-XI respectively of FIG. 9 and FIGS. 12 and 13 are detail sectional views each showing a variation in the arrangement of piston roller support.
  • the engine chamber 2 is provided by a drum 1 having an inner peripheral wall In ofapproximately elliptical form which four pistons 13, 15 having rectangular crowns follow with oscillatory motion as the engine output shaft 6 rotates.
  • Two of the pistons 13 (hereafter referred to as the master pistons and of which one is visible in FIG. 1) are each provided with transverse peripheral seals 13a for sealing contact with the wall la whilst the other two pistons 15 (hereafter referred to as slave pistons) have knuckle seal engagement at 15a with corresponding ends of the master pistons 13 for relative pivotal movement in a substantially gastight manner as the pistons 13,15 follow the elliptical form of the wall la.
  • both the latter and the slave pistons 15 are provided with side seals 13b,l5b cooperating with the sidewalls 3 of the engine chamber 2 (FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • Each master piston 13 is connected to a pair of link beams 11 (hereafter referred to as master beams 11) one at each side of the piston 13 outside the engine chamber 2.
  • the beams 11 being shown united in H-formation by a bolt 11b passing trans versely through the piston 13, stub shafts 11a of the beams 11 having a splined engagement with the piston 13 so as to be rotationally fast therewith whereby the master piston 13 and beams are able to perform oscillatory movement together as a single unit as the piston 13 follows the generally elliptical path provided by the chamber wall 1a.
  • each slave piston 15 is connected by a transverse bolt 14b therethrough to corresponding slave link beams 14, stub shafts 14a of the latter having a splined engagement with the slave piston 15 for oscillatory movement of the beams 14 therewith, whilst the master and slave beams 11,14 are pivotally connected at their end portions about the axes of the support rollers 16 carried by the beam assemblies.
  • the beam assemblies 11,14 have parallelogrammic movement in a similar manner to the pistons 13,15 as the rollers 16 follow the cam tracks 17 so that such roller support is transmitted by the beam assemblies 11,14 to the pistons 13,15.
  • the master beams 11 are also shown pivotally connected by wrist pins 10 at their mid points to radial crank arms 9 rotationally fast with the engine shaft 6 in order to effect drive transmission to the latter on the above-mentioned movement of the pistons 13,15.
  • the stub shafts 11a,14a and piston bosses 13d,15d pass through a central opening 12 in each chamber sidewall 3 to the link beams 11,14, the openings 12 being such as to permit necessary movement of the stub shafts l1a,l4a with the pistons 13,15 yet at the same time avoid any interruption of the side sealing contact at 13b,l5b of the pistons 13,15 with the sidewalls 3.
  • inlet and exhaust ports 18,19 have been shown in the wall 1a of the drum 1 they may be situated in the sidewalls 3,3 and of suitable extent for appropriate timing of opening and closing of the ports.
  • the four piston arrangement herein described and shown in the drawings is particularly suitable for operation by a fuel/air mixture such as petrol/air where the latter is admitted at the inlet 18 from a carburettor since any leakage at the peripheral seals 13a passes from one variable volume between a piston 13 or 15 and the chamber wall In to the next, so that leakage losses are kept to a minimum and likewise the undesired occurrence of an explosive mixture in the central part of the chamber 2 within the pistons 13,15.
  • a fuel/air mixture such as petrol/air
  • more than one sparking plug may be provided at 20.
  • the engine is arranged to operate on the diesel or similar cycle with fuel injection so that only air is drawn in at the inlet 18 only two pistons (viz: the master pistons 13) need be employed or an arrangement of three pistons with'appropriate beam connections to the roller support 16.
  • roller and cam track support 16,17 can be of a substantial nature and arranged for adequate lubrication.
  • the chamber wall 1a is concave throughout its elliptical profile without any reentrant formation so that spring loading of the peripheral seals 13a need not be provided in the interests of more uniform seal pressure and longer serviceable life of the seals.
  • the axes of the support rollers 16 can be substantially coincident with the axes of the peripheral seals 13a whereby the latter follow the required locus or elliptical path in tangential contact with the chamber wall 1a without scuffing and remain theoretically at rest in relation to their pistons 13.
  • the axes of the wrist pins 10 i.e., the pivotal connections of the master beam 11 to corresponding crank arms 9) can be advantageously situated on the median between the peripheral seals 13a of the corresponding master pistons 13.
  • Refinements may include provision for eccentric setting of the rollers 16 and/or wrist pins 10 for adjustment or preloading purposes while to avoid cantilever stresses the rollers 16 can be arranged in line with the beams 11,14 such as by accommodation in forked ends of the master beams 11 or the use of twin rollers one at each side of the beam ends.
  • slave pistons is dispensed with and two (or if desired three) independent pistons 113 (FIG. 9) are employed with only one pair of follower or support rollers 116 to each piston 113 and preferably in a leading position in relation to the latter. Furthermore the center of mass or gravity G ofthe piston assembly is shifted from a position of symmetry in such a manner that the single pair of support rollers 116 are maintained in continuous contact with their cam tracks 117 by the action of centrifugal force on the piston assembly.
  • FIG. 4 firstly shows for convenient reference the arrangement of a master piston 13 of the engine shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 in which each of the two pairs of follower rollers 16 have their axis coincident with that of the corresponding peripheral seal 13a.
  • the center of gravity G of the piston assembly is symmetrically disposed i.e., on a median passing through the axis of the wrist pin 10 and that of the stub shafts 1 1a.
  • each piston 13g With only a pair of follower rollers, the latter need no longer be concentric with a peripheral seal 13a and may be positioned at 1611 (FIG. 6) which arrangement results in a reduced extent of cooperating cam track 17 and also a reduced speed of rotation of the rollers under running conditions.
  • the single pair of follower rollers 316 are also concentric with the beam cross shaft 311a but in a trailing position in relation to the median through the axes of the wrist pin 310 and engine shaft 306 so that the center of gravity G is disposed well forwardly in relation to the rollers 316 and cross shaft 311a.
  • the action of centrifugal force on the piston assembly is such as to maintain the rollers 316 in contact with a cam track of external form i.e., in the manner shown in FIG. 13 and hereafter described.
  • each piston 113 has an angular velocity at or near a maximum value.
  • the load on the rollers may tend towards zero when the wrist pins 110 are in the second and fourth quadrants due to the angular deceleration of each piston 113.
  • the profile of the inner peripheral wall 1010 of the drum 101 and likewise of the cam track 117 or pitch curve of the latter is of asymmetric form on a mathmatical basis in which the first and third quadrants are similar but differ slightly fromv the second and fourth quadrants which latter are similar to one another.
  • Each piston 113 is provided with leading and trailing transverse peripheral seals 113a and also with side seals 113b cooperating with the sidewalls 103 ofthe engine chamber 102.
  • each piston 113 may be achieved by adding counterpoise masses to the pistons 113 and/or to the links 111
  • the addition of such masses to members subject to cyclic accelerations is undesirable and as described is preferably effected by suitable arrangement of the piston webbing 113d in conjunction with the forward disposition of the single pair of rollers 116 so that the weight of the piston assembly may be kept to a minimum.
  • FIG. 13 For the purpose of providing external cam track support for a piston and roller arrangement as per FIG. 8, the arrangement of FIG. 13 can be followed in which a support or follower roller 316 at the end of the cross shaft 311a cooperates with an external cam track 317 provided by the end cover 305, each crank arm or disc 309 being again slotted at 309a for passage of the end portions of the pin 311a therethrough and for necessary relative oscillatory movement of the latter.
  • a rotary engine of the character described comprising a drum providing an engine chamber having inlet and outlet ports thereto and an inner peripheral wall of approximately elliptical form; sidewall members secured to the drum one at each side of the chamber; each sidewall member having a central opening; an engine shaft substantially coaxially disposed in said chamber and extending through the central openings in the sidewall members and externally supported for rotation relative to said drum; pistons arranged to follow with oscillatory movement a path of the said approximate elliptical form in leading and trailing transverse sealing contact with the inner peripheral wall of said chamber and in side sealing contact with the side wall members, external link members rotationally fast with corresponding pistons and connected to the pistons through the central openings in the side wall members; external crank members rotationally fast with and extending radially from the engine shaft and pivotally connected to the link members; cam track means fast with the drum and externally disposed in relation to the drum adjacent each side wall member and of corresponding approximate elliptical form to the inner peripheral wall of said chamber and coaxial therewith; and
  • a rotary engine according to claim 1 wherein the approximate elliptical form of the inner peripheral wall of the engine chamber and of the cam track means is asymmetric with a view to effecting reduction of the deceleration of angular movement of each piston during the oscillatory motion of the latter whereby the tendency of the follower members to leave contact with the cam track means is minimized.
  • a rotary engine according to claim 1 wherein the pistons are pivotally interengaged at their leading and trailing edges with further slave pistons which have a similar oscillatory motion and follow the same path of approximate elliptical form in sealing contact with the inner peripheral wall of the engine chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
US885481A 1968-12-18 1969-12-16 Rotary engines Expired - Lifetime US3642391A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB6024968 1968-12-18

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GB (1) GB1289479A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2235268A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-06-27 1975-01-24 Martin Artajo Jose
US3918415A (en) * 1972-09-19 1975-11-11 Ishida Industry Company Limite Rotary internal combustion engine
WO1985001777A3 (en) * 1983-10-13 1985-06-06 Hubert Petutschnig Rotary motor, rotary compressor
DE19901110A1 (de) * 1999-01-14 2000-07-27 Herbert Huettlin Schwenkkolbenmaschine
US6315538B1 (en) * 2000-05-26 2001-11-13 Masahiro Tagami Driven equipment for fluid machinery
US6494697B2 (en) * 2000-05-26 2002-12-17 Masahiro Tagami Driven equipment for fluid machinery
US6718938B2 (en) * 2000-05-12 2004-04-13 Peter Szorenyi Hinged rotor internal combustion engine
US20050025633A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2005-02-03 Hiroshi Ichikawa Rotating fluid machine
US20110280757A1 (en) * 2008-11-12 2011-11-17 Jean-Pierre Ambert Rotary machine of the deformable rhombus type comprising an improved transmission mechanism
US20230031345A1 (en) * 2021-07-29 2023-02-02 Nidec Motor Corporation Support roller bearing regreasing arrangement for high load crank assembly

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ191548A (en) 1979-09-12 1984-02-03 Walker Engines Ltd Rotary internal combustion engine-hinged shoes form combustion chambers

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US119714A (en) * 1871-10-10 Improvement in water-meters
US147623A (en) * 1874-02-17 Improvement in machinery for forcing and exhausting air
US335121A (en) * 1886-02-02 Rotary steam-engine
US716970A (en) * 1902-05-26 1902-12-30 Edward H Werner Rotary engine.
US941567A (en) * 1908-04-30 1909-11-30 Frank Fleming Rotary combustion-engine.
US1715490A (en) * 1924-05-20 1929-06-04 William D Ballerstedt Rotary steam engine
US1995755A (en) * 1933-07-17 1935-03-26 George H Smith Rotary motor
US3295505A (en) * 1963-05-31 1967-01-03 Jordan Alfred Rotary piston apparatus
US3369529A (en) * 1966-09-29 1968-02-20 Alfred Jordan Rotary internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US119714A (en) * 1871-10-10 Improvement in water-meters
US147623A (en) * 1874-02-17 Improvement in machinery for forcing and exhausting air
US335121A (en) * 1886-02-02 Rotary steam-engine
US716970A (en) * 1902-05-26 1902-12-30 Edward H Werner Rotary engine.
US941567A (en) * 1908-04-30 1909-11-30 Frank Fleming Rotary combustion-engine.
US1715490A (en) * 1924-05-20 1929-06-04 William D Ballerstedt Rotary steam engine
US1995755A (en) * 1933-07-17 1935-03-26 George H Smith Rotary motor
US3295505A (en) * 1963-05-31 1967-01-03 Jordan Alfred Rotary piston apparatus
US3369529A (en) * 1966-09-29 1968-02-20 Alfred Jordan Rotary internal combustion engine

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918415A (en) * 1972-09-19 1975-11-11 Ishida Industry Company Limite Rotary internal combustion engine
FR2235268A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-06-27 1975-01-24 Martin Artajo Jose
WO1985001777A3 (en) * 1983-10-13 1985-06-06 Hubert Petutschnig Rotary motor, rotary compressor
EP0158765A1 (de) * 1983-10-13 1985-10-23 Hubert Petutschnig Rotationsmotor, Rotationsverdichter
DE19901110C2 (de) * 1999-01-14 2002-06-06 Herbert Huettlin Schwenkkolbenmaschine
DE19901110A1 (de) * 1999-01-14 2000-07-27 Herbert Huettlin Schwenkkolbenmaschine
US6431139B1 (en) 1999-01-14 2002-08-13 Huettlin Herbert Oscillating-piston engine
US6718938B2 (en) * 2000-05-12 2004-04-13 Peter Szorenyi Hinged rotor internal combustion engine
US6315538B1 (en) * 2000-05-26 2001-11-13 Masahiro Tagami Driven equipment for fluid machinery
US6494697B2 (en) * 2000-05-26 2002-12-17 Masahiro Tagami Driven equipment for fluid machinery
US20050025633A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2005-02-03 Hiroshi Ichikawa Rotating fluid machine
US20110280757A1 (en) * 2008-11-12 2011-11-17 Jean-Pierre Ambert Rotary machine of the deformable rhombus type comprising an improved transmission mechanism
US8951028B2 (en) * 2008-11-12 2015-02-10 Vincent Genissieux Rotary machine of the deformable rhombus type comprising an improved transmission mechanism
US20230031345A1 (en) * 2021-07-29 2023-02-02 Nidec Motor Corporation Support roller bearing regreasing arrangement for high load crank assembly
US12304785B2 (en) * 2021-07-29 2025-05-20 Nidec Motor Corporation Support roller bearing regreasing arrangement for high load crank assembly

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Publication number Publication date
GB1289479A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-20

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