US3639920A - Programmed plumbing service - Google Patents

Programmed plumbing service Download PDF

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Publication number
US3639920A
US3639920A US44501A US3639920DA US3639920A US 3639920 A US3639920 A US 3639920A US 44501 A US44501 A US 44501A US 3639920D A US3639920D A US 3639920DA US 3639920 A US3639920 A US 3639920A
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Prior art keywords
water
soap
flow
dispenser
plumbing fixture
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Expired - Lifetime
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US44501A
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English (en)
Inventor
James R Griffin
Norman A Forbes
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Bauer Industries Inc
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American Standard Inc
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Assigned to BAUER INDUSTRIES INC., A CORP. OF FL reassignment BAUER INDUSTRIES INC., A CORP. OF FL ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: AMERICAN STANDARD INC.
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/05—Arrangements of devices on wash-basins, baths, sinks, or the like for remote control of taps
    • E03C1/055—Electrical control devices, e.g. with push buttons, control panels or the like
    • E03C1/057—Electrical control devices, e.g. with push buttons, control panels or the like touchless, i.e. using sensors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/04—Water-basin installations specially adapted to wash-basins or baths
    • E03C1/046—Adding soap, disinfectant, or the like in the supply line or at the water outlet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K5/00—Holders or dispensers for soap, toothpaste, or the like
    • A47K5/06—Dispensers for soap
    • A47K5/12—Dispensers for soap for liquid or pasty soap
    • A47K2005/1218—Table mounted; Dispensers integrated with the mixing tap

Definitions

  • Water may be turned on for a first [56] Relerences C'ted predetermined interval, for example, when the user reaches the front of the plumbing fixture, after which the water will be D TATE PATEN UNITE S S TS briefly turned off and the soap will be turned on for another 2,446,109 1943 predetermined interval. Then there will be a predetermined 2,772,116 1956 pause during which neither soap nor water will be dispensed, 3,151,340 l964 after which the flow of water will be reinstated and the flow 3,241,719 3/1966 continued until the user has departed from the plumbing fix- 3,298,037 1/1967 ture.
  • the invention relates to proximity equipment for a lavatory, washbasin or other plumbing fixture. More particularly, the invention relates to apparatus associated with a plumbing fixture for supplying soap and water to the plumbing fixture according to predetermined patterns.
  • Proximity apparatus heretofore proposed for lavatories, washbasins and other plumbing fixtures was designed to control the flow of water to the plumbing fixture without requiring the user to touch the faucet or any other part of the plumbing fixture.
  • a soap dispenser to enable the user to receive a selected or predetermined quantity of soap, in liquid or granulated solid or other form, so that the user may soap his hands or face and then remove the soap from the parts of his body to which the soap has been applied.
  • Soap dispensers have heretofore required mechanical means, controlled by the user, for dispensing the soap.
  • Such a user-operated mechanical dispensing equipment generally requires the user to touch the soap-dispensing equipment to release soap. This independent mechanical operation by the user usually defeats or nullifi'es the automatic operating feature of the overall equipment at the plumbing fixture.
  • the soap dispensed by the equipment and not used sometimes falls upon an exposed surface of the plumbing fixture and remains fixed or hardened in the position in which it has fallen. This mars the appearance of the plumbing fixture. Moreover, if the fixture is in a public place, an attendant may be required, and usually is required, to clean the fixture and remove all of the unused soap which remains on the fixture.
  • a proximity equipment for a lavatory or washbasin or like plumbing fixture will be illustrated and described having mechanism for the control of the flow of water from the spout of the plumbing fixture and having also additional mechanism coupled to the spout for the control of the disposal of soap from a soap container or dispenser.
  • Water will be supplied from the spout for a predetemiined time interval promptly when the user arrives at the plumbing fixture, then the water will be turned ofi and soap will be dispensed for a predetermined time interval, then there will be a pause during which neither water nor soap will be dispensed, and finally the water will be again turned on and remain turned on as long as the user remains at the plumbing fixture.
  • the user may get his hands into position and wetted in advance of a soaping operation. Then the water will be turned off and soap will be supplied for a second predetermined interval so that the user may receive soap independently of any additional water. Then there will be a pause lasting a third predetermined interval during which the user may, if he wishes, build up a lather on his hands or face sufficient for his intended purpose. Finally, the water will be turned on again and remain on (without any soap dispensation) until the user has completed his washing or rinsing functions at the plumbing fixture. It is only necessary for the user to remove himself from the plumbing fixture to cause the water flowing from the spout to be interrupted. This will complete the programmed sequence of events while the user remains at the plumbing fixture. This cycle will be restarted and completed with each approach of a user.
  • FIG. 1 generally and schematically shows a front elevational view of a plumbing fixture along with the additional apparatus, shown generally and schematically therein, for the control of the flow and dispensation of water and of soap;
  • FIG. 2 shows a side elevational view of the equipment shown schematically in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of associated circuitry for the overall control and programming of the apparatus of the plumbing fixture.
  • FIG. 4 shows a diagram exhibiting the time intervals which may be employed in the practice of one form of the invention.
  • an antenna ANT which may be a proximity antenna such as may be employed with a lavatory or basin or other plumbing fixture LV, a control equipment CN which is activated and otherwise controlled by the approach of the user to the antenna ANT, a solenoid valve SV which is employed for controlling the flow of water through the spout ST of the plumbing fixture LV, and a soap pump SP for dispensing soap through a fitting or spout SF of the plumbing fixture LV.
  • FIG. 3 A form of antenna arrangement suitable for the indicated purpose is disclosed in our copending application, Ser. No. 856,667, filed Sept. 10, 1969.
  • the lavatory LV which may be of any conventional shape, includes, in addition to the spout ST, the usual basin BA for the lavatory and a hanger section HN for hanging the lavatory LV against a backwall or other suitable support.
  • the spout ST is employed primarily to control the downward flow of water through the spout ST and into the basin BA.
  • the flow of water will not be controlled by the usual form of valves which are manually operated by the user to turn water on and off as desired, but the flow of water will be automatically controlled by the electrical solenoid valve SV and its associated equipments.
  • the solenoid valve SV is connected to the control apparatus CN as will be described and, according to this invention, the control apparatus CN will promptly respond to the approach of a user to the front of the lavatory LV, thereby changing the capacitance of the antenna ANT and causing the solenoid valve SV to be energized to initiate the flow of water through the spout ST. Water will continue to flow through the spout ST only as long as the solenoid valve SV is operated. The flow of water will be stopped upon the release of the solenoid valve.
  • the equipment of the invention includes the soap pump SP which is connected by means of a separate pipeline, or so-called soap conduit line SC, to a mechanically coupled soap fixture or spout SF through which soap may be dispensed.
  • the control mechanism CN is provided and arranged to activate the soap pump SP, which is connected to a soap reservoir (not shown) from which soap is applied through the conduit SC to fitting SF.
  • the soap conduit and the water conduit are separate and distinct from each other so as to prevent any commingling of the soap and water through a common faucet.
  • water may be dispensed through the spout ST and soap may be dispensed through the fitting SF, to enable the user to obtain a predetermined but ample supply of soap along with a sufficient quantity of water to enable the user to develop a good lather on his hands or his face, and thereafter collect water additionally discharged through the spout ST to wash away or rinse the user's hands or face.
  • soap may be dispensed through the fitting SF, to enable the user to obtain a predetermined but ample supply of soap along with a sufficient quantity of water to enable the user to develop a good lather on his hands or his face, and thereafter collect water additionally discharged through the spout ST to wash away or rinse the user's hands or face.
  • a primary feature of the invention resides, therefore, in the programmed dispensation of water and soap to the user in sufficient quantities to enable the user to develop an appropriate lather for the customary washing and rinsing purposes.
  • the water and soap dispensations may be arranged in any desired order, and the intervals of dispensation, if desired, may overlap to some extent. But in any case, the minimal requirements of soap and water for adequate lathering will be supplied by the equipment for the customary washing purposes.
  • the solenoid valve SV will be operated to allow water to be transmitted through the spout ST for a sufficient time interval to enable all the lather to be fully removed.
  • the waterflow may be continued as long as the user remains in front of the lavatory LV, and the waterflow may be interrupted only when the user has left the vicinity of the plumbing fixture LV. Then, and only then, will the waterflow be interrupted.
  • a source PS which may be the conventional l lO-volt AC source
  • the negative half cycles of the applied AC voltage will charge capacitor C2 through the diode D2, so that a negative DC voltage appears across capacitor C2.
  • This negative voltage appears across a voltage divider made up of resistor R1 and diode D3, and the negative voltage across diode D3 will apply a negative potential to the base of the transistor Q1 and maintain it in a nonconductive state.
  • the small fraction ofthis negative voltage that appears across diode D4 supplies a negative potential to the base of transistor Q3 and maintains transistor Q3 nonconducting.
  • additional negative current will flow from capacitor C2 through diode D4 over a circuit including the base and collector of transistor Q3, resistor R6 and back to capacitor C2. This negative current will apply a negative potential to the base of transistor Q4 and maintain transistor O4 in a nonconducting state.
  • transistor O4 When transistor O4 is in its nonconducting state, positive current will flow from the positive charge on capacitor C1 through resistor R7 and resistor R10 and back to the grounded side of capacitor C1. This positive current will supply a positive potential to the base of the transistor 05, whereupon transistor Q5 will become conducting. As long as transistor Q5 remains conducting, current will flow from the positive charge on capacitor C1 through resistor R8, through the collector and emitter electrodes of transistor 05 and back to the grounded side of capacitor C I. This current will be sufficiently large so that very little current may traverse the winding of relay L1. Hence, relay L1 will remain deactivated.
  • control network CN interconnects the antenna ANT to the winding of relay L2.
  • the antenna ANT will be unchanged in capacitance.
  • the control network CN will not supply operating current to the winding of relay L2.
  • Relay L2 will, therefore, remain deenergized and the forward or operating or make contact of this relay will remain open.
  • relay L2 remains deenergized, current cannot flow through the solenoid valve SV. Hence, no water will be supplied through the spout ST of the plumbing fixture LV.
  • relay L4 will be in its normal or nonoperated position.
  • the soap pump SP is shown coupled to the motor M0 by a coupler CP.
  • the motor MO is also wired through a conventional fullwave rectifier, including diodes D8 to D11, from the makecontact of relay L4. Because of the normal release of relay L4, the motor MO will not be operated and the soap dispenser SP will remain inactive and no soap will be dispensed by the fitting FS.
  • the antenna ANT Upon the arrival of the user in front of lavatory LV, the antenna ANT will be sufficiently changed in its caPacitance so that the relay L2 will become operated.
  • relay L2 Immediately upon the operation of relay L2, current will flow from the secondary winding of transformer TR over a circuit extending through the armature and make-contact of relay L2, then through the solenoid valve SV, then over the back contact and armature of relay L1, and back to the secondary winding of transformer TR. This current will operate the solenoid valve SV, and water will be transmitted through the spout ST of the plumbing fixture LV.
  • the operation of the relay L2 in response to the approach of the user to the antenna ANT, will also establish a circuit to three delay networks DL1, DL2 and DL3. That circuit will be established from the secondary winding of transformer TR through the armature and make-contact of relay L2, through diode D12 and capacitor C6 and back to the secondary winding of the transformer. This will cause positive pulses of current to be supplied to the upper tenninal of capacitor C6. Capacitor C6 will become charged by these positive pulses. It is to be observed that the capacitor C6 is bridged by a resistor R9.
  • Capacitor C6 is also connected to the three delay networks DL1, DL2 and DL3 in a parallel arrangement.
  • the delay network DLl includes the series resistors R16 and R15 which extend to the terminal common to the collector of transistor 03 and the base of transistor Q4.
  • the terminal common to resistors R15 and R16 is bridged by a capacitor C5 extending to the grounded terminal of the secondary winding of transformer TR.
  • the delay network DL2 is connected to the upper terminal of capacitor C6 through series resistors R12 and R11 and this series circuit is connected to the base terminal of transistor Q1.
  • a capacitor C3 of delay network DL2 is bridged between the terminal common to resistors R11 and R12 and the grounded terminal of the secondary winding of transformer TR.
  • the delay network DL3 is connected to the upper terminal of the capacitor C6 through a series circuit including resistors R14 and R13 and this circuit extends to the base terminal of transistor Q3.
  • the several resistors R16, R12 and R14 of the respective delay networks DL1, DL2 and DL3 are bridged by corresponding diodes D7, D5 and D6.
  • These delay networks DL1, DL2 and D3, all of which are controlled by the charge of capacitor C6, are provided to furnish appropriate but different predetermined time intervals for the operation of the mechanism of this invention.
  • relay L4 Upon the operation of relay Ll, a circuit will be established through the winding of relay L4 over a path which includes the secondary winding of transformer TR, the armature and make-contact of relay L2, the armature and back contact of relay L3, the winding of relay LA, the make-contact and armature of relay L1 and back to the secondary winding of transformer TR.
  • Relay L4 will therefore operate.
  • a circuit will be established to operate the motor MO and the soap pump SP coupled thereto.
  • This circuit will include the secondary winding of transformer TR, the armature and make-contact of relay [4, resistor R17, the full-wave rectifier consisting of diodes D8, D99, D10 and D11, and back to the secondary winding of transformer TR.
  • the full-wave rectifier will pemiit the motor M0 to be fed current unidirectionally during both halves of each cycle of current supplied by the power source PS.
  • the soap pump SP will then be activated, thereby supplying soap to the soap-dispensing fixture SF affixed to or associated with the plumbing fixture LV.
  • Soap will be dispensed by the soap pump SP via spout or fitting SF for a period of time determined by the constants of the delay network DL2 which may be, for example, during an interval t to L of FIG. 4 of, say, 2 seconds.
  • the capacitor C3 will continue to receive a rather large charge of voltage, and the voltage on capacitor C3 will increase to the magnitude required to make transistor Q1 conductive at about the end of the interval.
  • relay L1 releases.
  • the release of relay L1 will again connect the solenoid valve SV to the secondary winding of transformer TR over a path established through the armature and make-contact of relay L2, the solenoid valve SV, the back contact and armature of relay L1 and back to the transformer secondary winding. This operation of the solenoid valve will reestablish a flow of water through the faucet ST of the plumbing fixture LV.
  • relay L2 is controlled by the control network CN which, in turn, is controlled by the capacitance of the antenna ANT. Hence, when the user departs from the plumbing fixture LV, and only then, the relay L2 will become released, breaking the circuit extending to the solenoid valve SV and interrupting the flow of water through the faucet ST of the plumbing fixture LV.
  • the first interval determined by delay network DLl, which may be 1 second, for example, will effect the interval of the initial flow of water through the solenoid valve SV and, therefore, through the faucet ST.
  • the second time interval determined by the delay network DL2
  • the third period of time which is determined by the delay network DL3, will determine the end of the period of time, such as 2 seconds, for example during which neither soap nor water will be dispensed.
  • the solenoid valve SV will then be turned on a second time to permit the user to wash his hands or face, etc.
  • the water will continue to flow through faucet ST until the user leaves his position adjacent to the plumbing fixture LV.
  • the three time intervals are exemplified in FIG. 4 and may be adjusted to any desired values merely by changing the parameters of the circuitry.
  • each of the three delay networks DLI, DL2 and DL3 embodies a distinctive diode.
  • the three diodes are designated, respectively, D7, D5 and D6, and they bridge the resistors R16, R12 and R14 respectively. These diodes are intended to dissipate the discharge current flow through the respective delay networks so as to discharge their respective capacitors rapidly.
  • the rapid discharge of the capacitors of the three delay networks serves to reinstate the three delay networks in readiness for their prompt return for delaying action as may be required with the approach of a subsequent user of the same lavatory LV.
  • the time intervals need not be adjacent or sequential, but may be partially or fully overlapping, as may be desired.
  • the objective in having them in sequential order is to allow the user to become aware and cognizant of the automatic operation of the equipment before allowing soap to be dispensed to the user. This helps to avoid the unnecessary wastage of soap.
  • These time factors may, of course, be changed as may be desired to change the intervals.
  • the arrangement of this invention employs a control network CN to operate relay L2 when the user arrives at the plumbing fixture and to release relay L2 when the user departs from the fixture.
  • the control network CN may be of any suitable structure available for this purpose. Any appropriate vacuum tube system or transistor system will suffice if it is triggered by a predetennined change in capacitance of a capacitive antenna or by a change in impedance of a photocell or other device to operate relay L2 upon the users arrival and to release relay L2 upon the return of the device to its normal condition as the user departs.
  • the lamp RL which is controlled by relay L3, will be operated at about time t (see FIG. 4) when neither water nor soap are being discharged.
  • the lamp RL will continue to be lighted from the beginning of the pause in the discharge of the soap until the user has departed from the plumbing fixture.
  • the other lamp SL which is connected to the back contact of relay L3, will be lighted as soon as the user arrives at the plumbing fixture and remain lighted until the soap delivery has been completedwhich will occur at about time t (of FIG. 4).
  • the lamp SL is labeled SOAP and the lamp RL is labeled RINSE. These lamps are provided to help explain the operation of the device to an uninitiated user.
  • any other form of device such as a photoelectric cell, may be substituted therefor.
  • the photocell would be employed to undergo a change in its impedance when the user arrives and to return to its initial impedance when the user departs.
  • a suitable photoelectric arrangement for this purpose is fully shown and described in a copending application of N. A. Forbes, Ser. No. 37,077, filed on or about May I4, 1970.
  • a plumbing fixture having a spout for the discharge of water and a dispenser for the discharge of soap, a solenoid valve for controlling the flow of water through the spout, a pump for feeding soap to the dispenser, an antenna, and means controlled by said antenna for operating the solenoid valve for a first predetermined time interval to discharge water through the spout, said means also including means for operating the pump for a second predetennined time interval to discharge soap through the dispenser.
  • a plumbing fixture having first and second spouts for supplying water and soap respectively
  • a first device including means for controlling the discharge of water through the first spout
  • a second device including means for controlling the flow of soap through the second spout
  • programming apparatus coupled to said first and second devices and including mechanism for sequentially operating said first and second devices for first and second predeter' mined time intervals, respectively.
  • the programming apparatus includes means for interrupting the flow of water through the first spout and for thereafter reinstating the flow of water through the first spout.
  • Program apparatus for a plumbing fixture comprising, in addition to the plumbing fixture, a solenoid valve and a faucet to control the flow of water through the plumbing fixture, a pump and a fitting to control the flow of soap to the plumbing fixture, electrical sensing means responsive to the advent of a user to the plumbing fixture to operate the solenoid valve to transmit water through the faucet for a first predetermined time interval and to operate the pump to dispense soap through the fitting for a second predetennined interval, and means to interrupt the flow of water through the faucet for a third predetermined time interval and thereafter to reinstate the flow of water through the faucet.
  • the program apparatus including a delay network to fix the time interval between the separate operations of the solenoid valve.
  • Program apparatus including means to mechanically couple the faucet and the fitting to each other so that the soap and the water may be emitted in the same general direction.
  • Plumbing apparatus comprising a soap dispenser, a water dispenser, and electrical sensing means coupled to both dispensers and including mechanism responsive to the approach of a user to the plumbing apparatus to sequentially operate the water and soap dispensers for different predetermined time intervals.
  • Plumbing apparatus including the means to operate the water dispenser continuously after said different predetermined intervals have expired and to interrupt the flow of water through the water dispenser upon the departure of the user from the plumbing fixture.
  • Plumbing apparatus including means to couple the soap dispenser to the water dispenser so that the emission paths of the soap and water will be substan tially parallel to each other.
  • Plumbing apparatus including two indicators coupled respectively to the soap and water dispensers to indicate that the respective dispensers are in operation.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
US44501A 1970-06-08 1970-06-08 Programmed plumbing service Expired - Lifetime US3639920A (en)

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US4450170A 1970-06-08 1970-06-08

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US3639920A true US3639920A (en) 1972-02-08

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US44501A Expired - Lifetime US3639920A (en) 1970-06-08 1970-06-08 Programmed plumbing service

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US (1) US3639920A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE767635A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA939101A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2127939A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2097796A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1302821A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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DE2127939A1 (de) 1971-12-16
BE767635A (fr) 1971-10-18
CA939101A (en) 1974-01-01
GB1302821A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-10
FR2097796A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-03

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