US3629948A - Drying apparatus - Google Patents

Drying apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3629948A
US3629948A US879068A US3629948DA US3629948A US 3629948 A US3629948 A US 3629948A US 879068 A US879068 A US 879068A US 3629948D A US3629948D A US 3629948DA US 3629948 A US3629948 A US 3629948A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
dryer
web
dried
belt
path
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US879068A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eric Wain
Neil Steadman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3629948A publication Critical patent/US3629948A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D15/00—Apparatus for treating processed material
    • G03D15/02—Drying; Glazing
    • G03D15/022—Drying of filmstrips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
    • F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects

Definitions

  • a dryer for drying moisture-containing webs, comprises a stray-field platen defined by a plurality of radio frequency electrodes arranged substantially on an arc and defining a path for a web to be dried, feed means for initially feeding a web to be dried through the dryer and extending along a path remote from the platen and additional heating means for initially directing a jet of a warm gas such as air on to the web to be dried.
  • a dryer for drying moisture-containing webs, comprising a stray-field platen defined by a plurality of radio frequency electrodes arranged substantially on an arc and defining a path for a web to be dried, feed means for initially feeding a web to be dried through the dryer and extending along a path remote from the platen and additional heating means for initially directing a jet of a warm gas such as air on to the web to be dried.
  • a similar means may be provided for directing a jet of warm gas across the surface of the web to be dried, adjacent an exit of the drier.
  • Air feed means may be provided for passing air through the drier to an extractor of the drier.
  • the air feed means may, in the drier of the present invention, draw its air supply from the cooling air used for cooling the driver of the radio frequency electrodes thereby forcibly cooling such driver and simultaneously providing warm air to the drier.
  • the means for initially feeding the web may comprise a continuous belt whereto a leading end of a web to be dried may be clipped.
  • the continuous belt may pass over rollers defining a path of progression thereof remote from the path to be occupied by the web to be dried.
  • the path of progression aforementioned may be defined, for the belt, by stub rollers of width only sufficient to support the belt.
  • the web drier provides several drying paths for respective webs to be dried and, located between adjacent web paths, feed means for initially feeding the webs through the drier.
  • the belt or belts constituting the feed means may be in the form of continuous nylon belts.
  • means for removing surplus moisture from the surface of the web to be dried adjacent an entrance to the drier.
  • Such means preferably takes the form of an air knife for each surface of the web but a suction device, squeegee rollers or rotating brushes may be used.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic transverse section of a drying apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 with a screening box removed therefrom.
  • a drying apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention comprises a housing which is constructed of a conductive metal so as to provide a continuous screen and prevent stray radiation of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves propogated by the drier.
  • a plurality of radio frequency electrodes 11 Located within the drier are a plurality of radio frequency electrodes 11 arranged substantially in an arc and supported between insulating spiders (not shown), and constituting a platen 12 which is known in the art, conventionally, as a strayfield platen.
  • a tuning coil 13 Located substantially at the radial center of the arc of the platen is a tuning coil 13 which may be adjustable in position to adjust the tuning of the platen as a whole to enhance the efficiency of the radio-frequency dryer.
  • the radially outer surfaces of the electrodes 11 define a web path wherealong a web to be dried is passed.
  • An entrance roller 14 is located adjacent an entrance 15 of the housing and an exit guide roller 16 is located again adjacent an exit 17 from the housing.
  • the rollers 14 and 16 each extend substantially the whole width of the dryer (see FIG. 2).
  • Located above the rollers 14 and 16 are stub rollers 18 and 19 supported by the insulating spiders and, centrally of the dryer, a stub roller 20 also supported by the spiders.
  • a guide roller 21 is shown immediately outside the entrance 15 to the dryer and similarly a guide roll is provided (but not shown) adjacent the exit of the dryer.
  • the rollers 21, l4, 18, 20, 19, and 16 and the exit guide roller define a path for a continuous web feed means in the form of a nylon belt 22 which serves initially to feed a web to be dried through the apparatus.
  • the belt 22 is outside the field of the radio-frequency electrodes. This is because despite its low dielectric loss, it is necessary to keep such belt out of the radio-frequency field in order to avoid undue heating thereof.
  • heaters 23, 24 Adjacent the entrance l5 and adjacent the exit 17, are provided respectively heaters 23, 24 which comprise appropriately screened louvres 25, a screening housing 26, a rodlike heater element 27 and which may comprise additionally, blower means for drawing air through the louvres 25 forcing it over the elements 27 and through an exit slot 28 so as to direct a jet or jets of air over the surface of a web to be dried.
  • the housing 10 also has an inlet aperture 29 and a chimney 30, both appropriately screened.
  • a web 31 to be dried has its leading end passed through a water-removing device 32 which is preferably in the form of a double air knife and is thereafter clipped by means of a laterally extending clip (not shown) to the belt 22.
  • the belt 22 draws the web to be dried over the roller 21 beneath the roller 14, and thereafter along an intermediate path extending somewhere between the path defined by the rollers 18, 20, and 19, and the arcuate path defined by the platen.
  • the web to be dried thereafter follows a path substantially the same as the arc defined by the surface of the platen.
  • the belt 22 conducts the web to be dried beneath the roller 16 and through the exit 17 of the drier.
  • Automatic declipping means may be provided at the exit of the dryer for unclipping the web to be dried from the belt 22.
  • the dried web can them be fed to some further station of a continuous apparatus or may be reeled in the form of a dried web.
  • the water-removing means 32 may take the form of a suction device, an air knife (as mentioned above), a pair of squeegee rollers, or rotating brushes or sponges for removing surplus water from the surfaces of the web.
  • rollers 14 and 16 are continuous across the width of the apparatus, the rollers l8, l9, and 20 are merely stub rollers supported by the insulating spiders (not shown) which extend outwardly from the region of the platen.
  • the belts 22 take the leading ends of the webs 31 to be dried through the apparatus by means of laterally extending clips secured to the belt and engaging the leading end of a web. It is also visible, in this figure, that the web 31 to be fried passes beneath the rollers 14 and 16 and then extends over, and generally in contact with, the radio-frequency electrodes 11 of the platen 12.
  • This figure also illustrates that several webs may be dried simultaneously and that they need not be of the same width. No adjustment is normally needed to the apparatus which runs at a constant input but a variable output depending upon the amount of water present in the webs to be dried. As is well known, the dielectric loss of the material in the radio-frequency field formed by the electrodes 11 alters the capacitance between these electrodes and the greater the amount of water (as opposed to paper), the greater the power used by the apparatus to dry the web.
  • the apparatus has been described in detail with particular reference to a preferred embodiment thereof, but it will be understood that variations may be made within the scope of the invention.
  • the apparatus is particularly suitable for the drying of photographic prints which are exposed and processed in the form of continuous strips and which are subsequently to be glazed, also in the form of continuous strips.
  • a radio-frequency dryer as described hereinabove is capable of drying such prints in a matter of 40 seconds. This compared extremely favorably with the time previously taken to dry photographic prints.
  • adjacent electrodes-l1 are connected to opposite output terminals of the oscillator so that the field is generated between adjacent elements. This, additionally, means that the field extending around the electrodes does not extend very far from the armate path defined thereby.
  • maximum transfer of energy to the web to dry the same is achieved.
  • a dryer for drying a moisture-containing web, comprising a stray-field platen defined by a plurality of radio-frequency electrodes arranged substantially on an arc and defining a path for and being in contact with a surface of a web to be dried, feed means for initially feeding a web to be dried through the dryer, said feed means extending through said dryer along a path remote from the platen, and means for directing a jet of a warm gas onto the web surface to be dried opposite the surface in contact with said electrodes.
  • a dryer as claimed in claim 2 including a radio-frequency driver cooperative with said electrodes, and wherein said gas is air, and said means for directing a jet is arranged to draw air from around said driver of the radio-frequency electrodes, thereby forcibly to cool such driver and simultaneously to provide warm air to the dryer.
  • a dryer as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means for initially feeding the web comprises a continuous belt whereto a leading end of a web to be dried may be clip d.
  • a dryer as claimed in claim 8 including, adjacent an entrance to the dryer, means for removing surplus moisture from the surface of a web to be dried.
  • An apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein the removing means is in the form of an air knife for each surface of the web.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US879068A 1968-11-25 1969-11-24 Drying apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3629948A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5578168 1968-11-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3629948A true US3629948A (en) 1971-12-28

Family

ID=10474862

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US879068A Expired - Lifetime US3629948A (en) 1968-11-25 1969-11-24 Drying apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3629948A (de)
BE (1) BE742148A (de)
DE (1) DE1958767A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2032278A1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3722105A (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-03-27 Owens Illinois Inc Apparatus and method for applying radio frequency energy to a moving web of material
US5659972A (en) * 1995-10-06 1997-08-26 Avery Dennison Corporation Apparatus and method for drying or curing web materials and coatings
US6098306A (en) * 1998-10-27 2000-08-08 Cri Recycling Services, Inc. Cleaning apparatus with electromagnetic drying
US6192599B1 (en) 1998-09-23 2001-02-27 Bgf Industries, Inc. Drying process for woven fabric intended for use as a reinforcing laminate in printed circuit boards
US20130215202A1 (en) * 2012-02-22 2013-08-22 Kevin David Koller Helical dryer path for a print substrate web

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1079677A (en) * 1965-06-14 1967-08-16 Ilford Ltd Drying moisture-containing layers

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1079677A (en) * 1965-06-14 1967-08-16 Ilford Ltd Drying moisture-containing layers

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3722105A (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-03-27 Owens Illinois Inc Apparatus and method for applying radio frequency energy to a moving web of material
US5659972A (en) * 1995-10-06 1997-08-26 Avery Dennison Corporation Apparatus and method for drying or curing web materials and coatings
US5813134A (en) * 1995-10-06 1998-09-29 Avery Dennison Corporation Apparatus and method for drying or curing web materials and coatings
US5981022A (en) * 1995-10-06 1999-11-09 Avery Dennison Corporation Apparatus and method for drying or curing web materials and coatings
US6192599B1 (en) 1998-09-23 2001-02-27 Bgf Industries, Inc. Drying process for woven fabric intended for use as a reinforcing laminate in printed circuit boards
US6583073B1 (en) 1998-09-23 2003-06-24 Bgf Industries, Inc. Drying process for woven glass fabric intended for use as a reinforcing laminate in printed circuit boards
US6098306A (en) * 1998-10-27 2000-08-08 Cri Recycling Services, Inc. Cleaning apparatus with electromagnetic drying
US20130215202A1 (en) * 2012-02-22 2013-08-22 Kevin David Koller Helical dryer path for a print substrate web

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2032278A1 (de) 1970-11-27
DE1958767A1 (de) 1970-07-09
BE742148A (de) 1970-05-04

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