US3628503A - Apparatus for coating woven or nonwoven webs - Google Patents

Apparatus for coating woven or nonwoven webs Download PDF

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Publication number
US3628503A
US3628503A US848038A US3628503DA US3628503A US 3628503 A US3628503 A US 3628503A US 848038 A US848038 A US 848038A US 3628503D A US3628503D A US 3628503DA US 3628503 A US3628503 A US 3628503A
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United States
Prior art keywords
web
coating
casting box
coating composition
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US848038A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clemens Neuhaus
Klaus Boehme
Hermann Gutermuth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Glanzstoff AG
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Glanzstoff AG
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Publication date
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Publication of US3628503A publication Critical patent/US3628503A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
    • D06N3/0088—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/303—Extrusion nozzles or dies using dies or die parts movable in a closed circuit, e.g. mounted on movable endless support
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means
    • B29C48/914—Cooling drums
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • D06B19/0088—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor
    • D06B19/0094—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor as a foam

Definitions

  • the invention consists of an apparatus and process for applying a coating to a woven ornonwovcn web.
  • the apparatus is comprised of a casting box for holding a coating material.
  • an arrangement of slotted, rotating and nonrotating tubes for supplying a moving stream of coating composition into a pressure balancing zone above the web, a means for supplying the coating composition to the tubes, and a doctor blade suitably disposed above the web to achieve a coating of uniform thickness.
  • the movement of the coating composition relative to the web is in the form of periodically recurring, parallel lines, intersecting the center axis of the web at a constant angle of 0 a 90.
  • Coating compositions including pastes and gels, can be combined with color pigments or be dyed using soluble dye materials to achieve a desired effect.
  • the spreading process which includes the application of coating materials by means of roller wipers, rubber blanket wipers, or support wipers, can be used to achieve a coating of uniform thickness, but it is frequently difficult, using this process, to obtain a uniform color over the entire width of the material.
  • longitudinal stripes form and become visible because of the more or less great differences in color intensity. So far, no satisfactory explanation has been given for the occurrence of these variations in color.
  • a coating composition which is difficult to handle and produces the aforementioned color stripe, is polyurethane gel.
  • the polyurethane solid content lies, as a rule, between and 40 percent by weight.
  • One of the conventional methods for applying a polyurethane gel coating consists of supplying the gel over a stationary feed device in front of a doctor blade. In this process, however, a rotating bulge of gel material occurs in front of the doctor blade during the spreading process. After passing the doctor blade, the web has, as a rule, a smooth but nonhomogeneously colored covering layer which is permeated with longitudinal stripes. In addition, air is often imbedded by the rotating bulge thereby producing a faulty covering layer.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an improved coating apparatus for applying a stripe-free colored covering layer on woven or nonwoven webs.
  • a woven or nonwoven web is arranged to pass over a roller means.
  • a wiper or doctor blade is disposed above the moving web.
  • casting box is arranged in front of the doctor blade and above the moving web such that the casting box and the doctor blade form an enclosed vessel for holding a quantity of coating material.
  • a double tube having an inner tube and an outer tube, is mounted in the casting box above the moving web.
  • An outer tube having a straight slot facing the roller is attached in a fixed nonrotating position in the casting box. The straight slot extends the full width of the casting box.
  • the inner tube is rotatably mounted in the outer tube and is connected by a shaft means to a source of driving power.
  • a spiral slot which also extends the full width of the casting box, encircles the inner tube and makes at least one turn around the circumference of the inner tube. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the spiral slot in the inner tube covers the width of the casting box in two turns.
  • the inner space of the inner tube is connected to a source container for the coating composition.
  • the inner tube contains a spiral slot which makes at least one turn around the circumference of the inner tube, and since the outer tube has a straight slot, there will be one or more places along the length of the tubes where the spiral slot and straight slot will overlap.
  • the points of overlap are called feed places since the coating composition can pass from the space interior to the inner tube through the overlapped slots into the vessel formed by the casting box and the doctor blade.
  • the use of the double tube as a rotating gel distributor makes possible the construction of a compact, closed casting box in which the static pressure in the gel can be increased by introducing an inert gas, under pressure, into the casting box above the coating composition.
  • the pressure balancing zone is utilized to diffuse the orifice pressure in the coating composition at the feed places to avoid any streakiness which might be caused by pressure variations.
  • the spacing between the outer tube and the roller lies generally between 0.5 centimeters and 5 centimeters. With this spacing, a sufficiently large pressure balancing zone is created. Depending upon the viscosity conditions, however, this spacing can be larger or smaller.
  • the uncoated web is conveyed and supported on a roller and passed beneath the casting box whereupon the coating composition is applied to the web.
  • the coating composition is wiped by the doctor blade onto the web in a known manner.
  • the coated web emerges under the doctor blade, the height of which is suitably adjusted to achieve a coating ofuniform thickness.
  • the rotation of the inner tube causes the overlap (feed place) of the spiral slot and straight slot to move from one side of the casting box to the other.
  • This movement of the feed place relative to the movement of the web may be graphically depicted as a series of recurrent parallel lines (relative movement lines) intersecting the central axis of the web at an angle (I, wherein 0 a Since the relative movement of the feed places with respect to the moving web is not a zigzag movement, as in the conventional processes using traverse motion feed tubes, it has been possible to achieve a stripe-free coating layer.
  • the angle a be greater than 0 but less than 90, whereupon the angle between the relative movement lines and the doctor blade is an acute angle which always remains constant. Under these circumstances, any occurrence of obliquely running stripes in front of the doctor blade will be eliminated and the web leaving the doctor blade will have a stripe-free covering layer.
  • the tangent. angle of a lies between 1 and 8. This means that the angle between the relative movement lines and the central axis of the web lies between 45 and 82. In this range, the spacings between the parallel relative movement lines are relatively small and the resolving capacity of the doctor blade is especially good. Best results appear to be obtained when the tangent of the angle a lies between 3 and 4; i.e., when the angle lies between 72 and 76.
  • the angle a is dependent upon the velocity with which the web passes through the apparatus, on the rotational speed of the inner tube, on the width of the endless web, and on the number of turns of the spiral slot on the inner tube. If the width of the web and its velocity are held constant, the stripes in the covering layer will be avoided with equal effect if the quotient of the turning speed of the inner tube to the number of turns of the spiral slot on the inner tube is constant.
  • the inner tube is provided with at least one slot covering, in spiral form, the entire casting box width in at least one turn.
  • multicourse slots i.e., parallel slots.
  • the number of turns of the spiral slot on the inner tube has to be an integral number greater than or equal to one. It is expedient, however, in order to avoid overlapping of the zones covered, to utilize an integral number of turns of the spiral slot on the inner tube and, in the case of multicourse slots, to keep the number of turns equal.
  • FIG. 2 is a section view taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a web passing through the gel distributor embodied in the present invention showing the time and spatial relationships between the gel feed places and the moving web;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation showing the time and spatial relationship between a gel feed tube in traverse motion and a moving web.
  • casting box 1 is arranged in front of wiper or doctor blade 2 and immediately above roller 5.
  • Outer tube 3 is rigidly and nonrotatably mounted as shown in casting box 1.
  • Slot 4, which extends approximately the width of casting box 1 and is situated as shown in tube 3, is oriented directly above and facing roller 5.
  • Inner tube 6 which is rotatably mounted in outer tube 3, is connected through shaft 14 to a drive means (not shown).
  • Spiral slot 7, situated as shown on inner tube 6, extends the width of casting box 1 and is arranged to make at least one turn around inner tube 6'over the width of casting box I.
  • slots 4 and 7 extend the width of casting box 1. This is intended to mean that normally the length of these slots can be identical with the width of casting box 1. It is, of course, possible to make the slots somewhat shorter than the casting box width if that is desired.
  • the width of web 12 on the other hand is normally somewhat greater than the length of slot 4.
  • spiral slot 7 forms two turns over the width of casting box I. As used herein, a turn is defined as a spiral curve which encloses the circumference of inner tube 6, and therefore, in axial projection, includes one rotation through an angle of 360.
  • a viscous coating composition 15 is pumped from container 27 through tube 25 into gel tube 9 in the direction designated by the arrow A shown in FIG. 1.
  • the ends of tubes 3 and 6 extend as shown beyond casting box 1.
  • Viscous coating composition 15 is conveyed from gel tube 9 through annular space 16 in outer tube 3 and slot opening 17 inner tube 6 into inner space 8 of tube 6.
  • the places where slots 4 and 7 cover each other are designated feed places 23.
  • Coating composition 15 is delivered from inner space 8 through the feed places 23 into pressure balancing zone 19 which lies between outer tube 3 and roller 5.
  • casting box 1 is partially filled with coating composition as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Casting box 1 is disposed above the uncoated web 12 such that none of the coating composition 15 wells forth under the side of casting box 1 lying opposite wiper or doctor blade 2. With casting box 1 so disposed, no rotating bulge of coating composition 15 will form in the area 18 between casting box 1 and uncoated web 12.
  • coating composition 15 is applied, and coated web 13 emerges under wiper or doctor blade 2 in the direction indicated by arrow D in FIG. 2.
  • Doctor blade 2 which performs a wiping operation, is arranged above coated web 13, so as to obtain a uniform coating thickness.
  • an inert gas is introduced through connection 10 in the direction indicated by arrow B.” This gas acts against the surface 26 of coating composition 15 to increase the pressure in the coating composition.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation showing the relative movement between feed places 23 and the centerline of moving coated web 13. This relative movement can be represented by a series of parallel straight lines 20 which intersect the centerline 24 of web 13 at a constant angle a where 0 a 90.
  • the three feed places 23 shown in FIG. 3 at least two may be utilized to supply coating composition 15 into the pressure balancing zone 19. Once during each revolution of inner tube 6, however, three feed places can be utilized namely, at both ends and in the middle of slot 4.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation, included for comparison purposes with FIG. 3, showing the relative movement, in a conventional wiper machine, between a feed place 22 in traverse motion and a web 13.
  • This relative movement can be represented by a zigzag line 21 which passes the center line 24 alternately at an angle B less than 90 and a greater than 90.
  • EXAMPLE A nonwoven carrier material (web), centimeters in width, is supplied to the apparatus described in detail in FIGS. 1 and 2, at a velocity of 2 meters per minute.
  • Inner tube 6 has a two-turn spiral slot 7.
  • the feed places 23 will have a separation of 40 centimeters.
  • slots 4 and 7 are 3 millimeters.
  • the inner tube 6 rotates at 10 rpm. Consequently, I revolution requires 0.1 minutes (6 seconds). During this 6 second period, feed places 23 will move along straight slot 4 by 40 centimeters. During the same interval, 20 centimeters of web 13 move past slot 4.
  • the tangent of the angle a between the line 20, which represents the relative movement between feed places 23 and web 13, and the centerline 24 of web 13, is two.
  • the angle a is, therefore, about 64.
  • a covering layer consisting of a coating composition 15 made up of a polyurethane gel having a solid substance content of 20 percent by weight, will be completely free of stripes.
  • Apparatus for applying a stripe-free coating to a woven or nonwoven web comprising in combination:
  • a roller means disposed below said web for conveying and supporting said web;
  • a first tube means rigidly mounted in said casting box means, said first tube means arranged generally above said web;
  • a straight slot in said first tube means said slot being oriented downwardly toward said web and extending the full width of said casting box;
  • At least one spiral slot situated in the circumference of said second tube means and extending substantially the full width of said casting box, said spiral slot executing at least one complete turn around the circumference of said second tube means;
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 comprising in addia. cover plate means engaging the upper edges of said casting box means;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
US848038A 1968-08-06 1969-08-06 Apparatus for coating woven or nonwoven webs Expired - Lifetime US3628503A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681752921 DE1752921A1 (de) 1968-08-06 1968-08-06 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von endlosen gewebten oder nichtgewebten Bahnen

Publications (1)

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US3628503A true US3628503A (en) 1971-12-21

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US848038A Expired - Lifetime US3628503A (en) 1968-08-06 1969-08-06 Apparatus for coating woven or nonwoven webs

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US (1) US3628503A (en, 2012)
AT (1) AT308698B (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE736699A (en, 2012)
CH (2) CH1158869A4 (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1752921A1 (en, 2012)
ES (1) ES370250A1 (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR2015160A1 (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1231306A (en, 2012)
LU (1) LU59183A1 (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL6911873A (en, 2012)
RO (1) RO55507A (en, 2012)
SE (1) SE351171B (en, 2012)
SU (1) SU510155A3 (en, 2012)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3814055A (en) * 1971-05-17 1974-06-04 Winkler Duennebier Kg Masch Device for applying strip-shaped adhesive coatings to paper, cardboard and the like
US3926105A (en) * 1971-04-26 1975-12-16 Automation Dev & Engineering C Cooking apparatus
US4061001A (en) * 1975-05-24 1977-12-06 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Device for the application of foam on textile webs
US4139662A (en) * 1977-11-14 1979-02-13 Armstrong Cork Company Method of and apparatus for metering fast-reacting saturant onto sheet material
US4159355A (en) * 1977-11-14 1979-06-26 Scott Paper Company Foam bonding
EP0077653A1 (en) * 1981-10-15 1983-04-27 West Point-Pepperell, Inc. Device for applying foam to textiles
WO1984000041A1 (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-01-05 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Impregnating a porous substrate with foam
US4518634A (en) * 1983-05-12 1985-05-21 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for coating magnetic recording media

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2117045C3 (de) * 1971-04-07 1975-09-18 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Strangpresse zum Herstellen von Profilen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen mit Mehrfarbeneffekt
DE3131545C2 (de) * 1981-08-08 1985-04-11 Küsters, Eduard, 4150 Krefeld Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Schaum
FI65554C (fi) * 1982-07-26 1984-06-11 Jouko Juhani Salmela Anordning foer utspridning av vaetska pao en roerlig materialbana
DE3230492A1 (de) * 1982-08-17 1984-02-23 Mathias 4815 Schloss Holte Mitter Rotierend angetriebener schaumgenerator
GB2126924B (en) * 1982-09-13 1987-08-19 Dexter Chemical Corp Foam finishing fabrics
SE545388C2 (en) * 2021-02-26 2023-07-25 Stora Enso Oyj Casting device, system and method of casting an mfc film

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1667408A (en) * 1921-11-09 1928-04-24 Duratex Corp Method and apparatus for coating fabrics
US2796146A (en) * 1952-11-13 1957-06-18 Hersey Scanning jet for filters
US3083685A (en) * 1960-06-27 1963-04-02 Air Reduction Paper coating apparatus
US3419934A (en) * 1967-01-05 1969-01-07 Dow Chemical Co Dispensing apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1667408A (en) * 1921-11-09 1928-04-24 Duratex Corp Method and apparatus for coating fabrics
US2796146A (en) * 1952-11-13 1957-06-18 Hersey Scanning jet for filters
US3083685A (en) * 1960-06-27 1963-04-02 Air Reduction Paper coating apparatus
US3419934A (en) * 1967-01-05 1969-01-07 Dow Chemical Co Dispensing apparatus

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3926105A (en) * 1971-04-26 1975-12-16 Automation Dev & Engineering C Cooking apparatus
US3814055A (en) * 1971-05-17 1974-06-04 Winkler Duennebier Kg Masch Device for applying strip-shaped adhesive coatings to paper, cardboard and the like
US4061001A (en) * 1975-05-24 1977-12-06 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Device for the application of foam on textile webs
US4139662A (en) * 1977-11-14 1979-02-13 Armstrong Cork Company Method of and apparatus for metering fast-reacting saturant onto sheet material
US4159355A (en) * 1977-11-14 1979-06-26 Scott Paper Company Foam bonding
EP0077653A1 (en) * 1981-10-15 1983-04-27 West Point-Pepperell, Inc. Device for applying foam to textiles
US4667882A (en) * 1981-10-15 1987-05-26 West Point Pepperell, Inc. Device for applying foam to textiles
WO1984000041A1 (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-01-05 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Impregnating a porous substrate with foam
US4518634A (en) * 1983-05-12 1985-05-21 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for coating magnetic recording media

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1231306A (en, 2012) 1971-05-12
AT308698B (de) 1973-07-10
SE351171B (en, 2012) 1972-11-20
RO55507A (en, 2012) 1973-08-20
CH1158869A4 (en, 2012) 1970-12-31
NL6911873A (en, 2012) 1970-02-10
BE736699A (en, 2012) 1969-12-31
CH506340A (de) 1970-12-31
FR2015160A1 (en, 2012) 1970-04-24
DE1752921A1 (de) 1971-04-08
LU59183A1 (en, 2012) 1969-12-09
SU510155A3 (ru) 1976-04-05
ES370250A1 (es) 1971-12-01

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