US3628219A - Method and apparatus for forming a combed sliver - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming a combed sliver Download PDF

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Publication number
US3628219A
US3628219A US817995A US3628219DA US3628219A US 3628219 A US3628219 A US 3628219A US 817995 A US817995 A US 817995A US 3628219D A US3628219D A US 3628219DA US 3628219 A US3628219 A US 3628219A
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Prior art keywords
sliver
combed
fleece
shear
rollers
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Expired - Lifetime
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US817995A
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English (en)
Inventor
Minoru Nakamura
Megumi Minamibata
Munetika Terao
Sueo Kawabata
Masateru Nishimura
Toshio Kato
Kazuo Yamada
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Osaka Kiko Co Ltd
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Osaka Kiko Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • each component tuft of fleece delivered from a detaching roller of a comber is provided with shear of fiber end arrangement so that leading ends of individual fibers of the component tuft are substantially arranged with uniform density with respect to an axis of sliver.
  • the sliverforming apparatus according to the present invention is provided with means for producing shear of fiber end arrangement so as to create uniform distribution of fiber ends in the sliver and provided with an auxiliary means for effecting positive movement of fibers during the silver-forming operation.
  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming a combed sliver, more particularly relates to an improved method and apparatus for forming a combed sliver having a preferable arrangement of component fibers so that a uniform draft operation can be carried out in successive draft operations.
  • distribution of fiber end density along the sliver axis is uniform.
  • Such a condition of the component fibers in a sliver is represented by the mentioned expression of preferable arrangement of component fibers. If a sliver having a preferable arrangement of component fibers is subjected to a draft operation, a drafted sliver having uniform thickness and uniform arrangement of the component fibers can be produced.
  • weight per unit length of a sliver, or number of fibers in a cross section of a sliver or its corresponding measure is used as a measure to express an evenness of a sliver.
  • ideal draft operation herein used means that moving speeds of individual fibers of a sliver is instantaneously changed from a feed speed to a delivery speed at a fixed point in a drafting field of a draft element.
  • the principal object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for forming a combed sliver having a uniform distribution of fiber end density along the entire length of the sliver.
  • FIGS. llA-l F, FIGS. 2A-2F and FIGS. 3A-3F are comparative diagrams of sliver geometry showing a distribution of fiber end density along a sliver axis and fiber arrangement in the sliver and thickness of sliver before and after an ideal draft operation respectively, wherein the sliver is composed of fibers having an equal staple length,
  • FIGS. 4A and AB, FIGS. 5A and 5B are the similar comparative diagrams to the preceding figures, except the sliver is composed of fibers having unequal staple length,
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams showing a distribution of fiber end density of a sliver produced by an apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIGS. S and 9 are schematic plan view of a sliver-forming apparatus utilized for a conventional comber
  • FIGS. 10A and 10B, FIGS. 11A and MB are explanatory drawings of the sliver geometry showing distribution of the fiber end density and the fiber arrangement in the slivers produced by the sliver forming apparatus shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, respectively,
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the sliver forming apparatus according to the present invention.
  • .sliver geometry The mentioned analysis is referred to hereinafter as .sliver geometry.
  • a tuft which is made by dividing the sliver into components of fiber groups, contains fibers of all lengths distributed according to the frequency length curve of sliver and the sliver is represented uniquely as a succession of identical tufts following each other at very small equal intervals.
  • FIGS. llA-llF, FIGS. 2A-2F and, FIGS. 3A-3F a sliver composed of fibers having an equal fiber length is considered.
  • a fiber end density, fiber arrangement and thickness of the drafted and undrafted slivers are compared respectively, wherein conditions of the undrafted sliver are shown in the left-hand portion and conditions of the drafted sliver are shown in the right-hand portion of FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
  • an undrafted sliver represented in the left-hand portion of FIG. II is composed of a plurality of identical tufts llb, llc, lid, 12, 1f, and fractions of the tufts la and llg are considered. It is noted that tufts of the undrafted sliver lla, lb, 10, Id, 1e, 1f are arranged in a slightly overlapping condition as shown in FIG. IIC.
  • overlapping shear and total shear of each tuft is referred to as shear of tuft.
  • overlapping shear and total shear of each tuft is referred to as shear of tuft.
  • Distributions of the fiber end density along the sliver axis of the undrafted sliver and the drafted sliver are represented by diagrams of fiber end density respectively shown in FIGS. IA and 18, wherein the ordinate represents the fiber end density (d) while the abscissa represents the length of sliver (L).
  • the diagrams of the fiber end density of the undrafted sliver and the drafted sliver are composed of a plurality of square waves repeated successively, because the tufts la, llb, Ic, 1d, lle, If, and 1g of undrafted sliver and the drafted sliver are arranged in a slightly overlapped conditions as shown in FIGS. 1C and ID.
  • the frequency of the mentioned square waves corresponds to the overlapped arrangement of the tufts shown in FIGS. llC and ID.
  • the arrangement of the square waves after the draft operation is shown in FIG. ID, however the magnitude of the fiber end density d of the drafted sliver is reduced by 1 /1,, times that of the undrafted sliver, while the overlapping shear a, and distance [3, of the drafted sliver are enlarged by 1 /1,, times those of the undrafted sliver, respectively.
  • the number of fibers in a cross section in spite of having a uniform number of fibers in any cross section of the undrafted sliver as shown in FIG.
  • the number of fibers varies along the sliver axis by the draft operation as also shown in FIG. 10.
  • the drafted sliver has an irregular thickness as shown in FIGS. IE and IF wherein t represents thickness of sliver.”
  • the undrafted sliver having an ideal distribution of fiber end density is composed of a plurality of tufts 2b, 2c, 2d, 22, 2f, and fractions of the tufts 2a and 2g, arranged in a similar way to the undrafted sliver shown in the left-hand portion of FIG. 11.
  • the overlapping shear a, and the shear of tuft D are respectively equal to the fiber length m, and an absolute distance 8,, between a leading point of a tuft and an end point of a second tuft ahead is also equal to the length m.
  • This particular construction of the sliver is a characteristic feature of an ideal sliver having the mentioned ideal distribution of fiber end density.
  • a distance of the fiber end density of this ideal sliver before the drafting operation is shown in FIG. 2A and the variation of thickness of this undrafted sliver is represented in FIG. 2E.
  • the undrafted ideal sliver is drafted at a draft ratio 1
  • the tufts 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 20. 2f, and 2g are subjected to a shearing action of the draft operation, and their relative arrangements are changed as shown in FIG.
  • the overlapping shear and the shear of tuft are enlarged by the drafting operation in such a condition that the overlapping shear 01,, shear of tuft D,, the distance 3,, between a leading point of a tuft and an end point of a second tuft ahead of the drafted sliver are equal to a,,(l,/l,,), D,,(!,/l,,), ⁇ 3,(1 ll respectively.
  • the fiber end density diagram of FIG. 2A is simply enlarged in its length from 1,, to I and the magnitude of the uniform fiber end density d, is reduced to d, which corresponds to d,,(I,,/l,) as shown in FIG. 28, further, the thickness 1,, of the undrafted sliver is reduced to t, which corresponds to t,,(l,,/l,) as shown in FIG. 2F.
  • an undrafted sliver is composed of a plurality of tufts 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e arranged in a condition without any overlapped portion as shown in FIG. 3C and the undrafted sliver is drafted at a draft ratio (l,/I,,) by an ideal drafting operation, these tufts are separated from each other, in other words, it is impossible to produce a continuous drafted sliver. Supposing these tufts are arranged in a range I, with an equal intervened space between adjacent tufts as shown in FIG. 3D, the diagram of the fiber end density and the thickness diagram of the drafted sliver can be represented as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3F, respectively.
  • the sliver delivered from a detaching roller of a comber has an analogous construction to the sliver shown in FIG. SC, in other words, the sliver is composed of a plurality of identical tufts arranged with a little overlapping, this arrangement of tufts is rather similar to that of the undrafted slivers shown in FIG. 3C.
  • the overlapping of the tufts might be enlarged by a conventional sliver-forming apparatus so as to reform construction of the combed sliver, it has been possible only to produce a reformed sliver having an analogous construction to that of the sliver shown in FIG. 1. Therefore, it is well known that it is required to apply a successive doubling operation or operations of the conventional combed sliver for improving the distinct irregularity of thickness of the drafted combed sliver.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is based upon the result of the mentioned sliver geometry, in other words, the ideal construction shown in FIG. 2C must be satisfied for producing a drafted combed sliver having a uniform thickness.
  • the combed sliver is composed of fibers having various staple lengths. Therefore, the basic theory of the above-mentioned sliver geometry must be modified.
  • sliver axes are represented by x coordinates, the ordinates represent the fiber end density n(x).
  • the fiber end density n(x) is expressed by an estimated value of the number of fiber ends contained in a sliver of unit length.
  • each tuft is represented by its staple diagram shown in FIG. 4A.
  • the leading ends of the fibers in each staple diagram can be considered so arranged on a line perpendicular to the x-axis if the leading ends of each fiber tuft delivered periodically from the detaching roller is arranged on a line perpendicular to the sliver axis.
  • the above-mentioned intervened space corresponds to an interval of the adjacent nipping operation of the comber.
  • FIGS. 3A-3F of the sliver composed of the above-mentioned tufts shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is subjected to an ideal draft operation, a remarkably irregular sliver having a periodical variation in thickness is produced and it is impossible to produce a continuous sliver.
  • the arrangement of the leading ends of fibers in the tuft is changed so as to have a certain shear, for example, the leading ends in the tufts are arranged with a shear h as shown in FIG.
  • d is a value of n(x) of the rectangular wave.
  • n(x) is a sum of values of the ordinates u,(x) of a group of the rectangular waves overlapping each other which correspond to the adjacent tufts overlapping each other, wherein each tuft is provided with a shear h.
  • the arrangement of the rectangular waves 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, and 6f, 7a, 7b, 7c, and 7d etc. are shown in spreading-out conditions, respectively.
  • the fiber end density is always constant, that is, n(x) is 4u,(x) in the case of FIG. 6 and n(x) is u,(x) in the case of FIG. 7.
  • the arrangements of the fiber end in the tufts successively delivered from the detaching roller of the comber are provided with a suitable shear so as to produce uniform distribution of the fiber end density along the sliver axis and the preferable combed sliver can be produced, in other words, when the arrangements of the fiber end density in the tufts successively delivered from the detaching roller are provided with a suitable shear so that the value of shear of tuft is set as an integral number of times of the nipping interval, an ideal combed sliver can be produced.
  • the nipping interval corresponds to a difference between distances of forward driving and backward driving of a nip roller of a comber. Consequently, when a sliver produced by a method according to the present invention wherein the above-mentioned theory is applied, it is subjected to the following drafting operation, and a very uniform sliver can be produced.
  • a fleece 9 delivered from a detaching roller d is collected into a sliver M by a trumpet l2 and delivered from a delivery roller 13 after being conveyed by an apron lift and a roller Ill.
  • the trumpet 112 is disposed at a certain position with respect to the passage of the fleece 9.
  • the fiber ends of each tuft delivered from the detaching roller f) of the comber is arranged on a line being parallel to the axis of the detaching roller fl and the fleece composed of these tufts in accumulated by the above-mentioned trumpet 112 so that the fiber arrangement of the sliver M can be represented as shown in FllG. 110B, therefore the diagram of the fiber end density along the sliver axis can be represented by a diagram shown in MG. litlA.
  • the trumpet i2 is disposed at a biased position so as to provide the distribution of the fiber ends of combed sliver with a certain shear, as shown in FlG. 9, the diagram of the fiber end density along the sliver axis and the fiber arrangement in the sliver 114 are shown in M08.
  • MA and MB are shown in M08.
  • FIG. 12 A typical embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention is shown in FIG. 12.
  • a fleece 113 is delivered from movable detaching rollers 115 (only the upper one being visible in H6. 112) in such a way that its leading end portion is superimposed with a rearward end portion of the ahead fleece by the intermittent operation of the detaching roller lb.
  • the intermittent operation of the movable detaching rollers l lay the tufts of combed fleece in overlapping relationship onto a comber apron 117 so that a continuous fleece it?
  • the fleece id delivered from the delivery roller i9 is conveyed to a pair of feed rollers 211 which is disposed at an extended position of the passage of the fleece lltl without any bias.
  • the rollers iii are rotating continuously toward the leading direction of the fleece lit.
  • the width of the feed roller M is equal to that of the delivery roller llt'l.
  • a pair of collecting rollers E lis and 24h are disposed at an outside position biased from an elongated line 22 which coincides with an edge line Ell of the continuous fleece l8 delivered from the delivery roller to as shown in Flt l2.
  • a trumpet for collecting the fleece id is disposed before the collecting roller Z -ln and Zdb.
  • the fleece llh delivered from the delivery roller H9 is carried to the trumpet 23 and collected in a sliver shape, after passing through the pair of feed rollers 211.
  • the sliver 25 thus produced is used for material sliver of the successive process, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the fleece Ml delivered from the delivery roller 119 is delivered from the feed roller Jill, and the arrangement of the fiber ends in the fleece lid is provided with a shear while carrying from the feed rollers 211 to the collecting rollers Eda and 24b.
  • the magnitude of the above-mentioned shear is varied in accordance with the position of the collecting rollers Zlda, 2 Let 1K it, be distances between a nip point (1K, being larger in distance between a nip point of the collecting rollers 24a, 24b and the feed rollers Zl) of the collecting roller Mn, 24b and both edges of the fleece llhl at the nip point of the feed rollers M respectively, the magnitude of the above-mentioned shear is substantially decided by difference between if, and K Therefore, it is necessary to fix the above-mentioned shear by means of selecting the distances l(,, if, so as to satisfy the condition which is previously given in the illustration of the method according to the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned preferable combed sliver can be continuously produced without any troubles such as distortion or tearing of the fleece iii, in spite of the intermittent combing action effected by the alternate rotations of the delivery roller 719.
  • the collecting rollers 24a, 2 th may be disposed at a position on the line 22 with restricted condition of mentioned distance K, is larger than the maximum staple length of the combed fleece ill (but lli, l(,) so that the same result as the above-mentioned embodiment can be obtained.
  • This setting position of the collecting rollers is a borderline to attain the purpose of the present invention.
  • an improvement comprising: taking up a continuous fleece delivered from said detaching rollers without substantially changing the width thereof by means of a pair of rotating nip rollers, and condensing said fleece delivered from said nip rollers at a position biased outwardly from an extended edge line of said fleece being carried to said nip rollers to effect shear of the fiber end arrangement in each component tuft during formation of said combed sliver in a particular condition that said fiber ends of each component tuft are arranged uniformly in an inclined cross-sectional plane of said sliver with respect to said sliver axis and the amount of said shear is approximately equal to an integral number of times the nip distance of said carried fleece from said detaching roller, whereby a combed sliver having a uniform density of said fiber end along the entire length thereof is produced.
  • An apparatus for producing condensed sliver in a combing machine comprising: advancing means including a pair of rotationally driven feed rollers for advancing a combed fleece composed of numerous overlapped tufts of fibers along a longitudinal axis; condensing means for receiving the combed fleece from said feed rollers and condensing same into a condensed sliver; means locating said condensing means at a position bimed outwardly from an extended edge line of said fleece delivered from said feed rollers to effect shear of the fiber end arrangement in each component tuft formation of said combed sliver in an inclined cross-sectional plane of said sliver with respect to said sliver, and the value of said shear member having a divergent end facing said longitudinal axis receptive of the combed sliver and a convergent end through which the condensed sliver exits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US817995A 1968-12-13 1969-04-21 Method and apparatus for forming a combed sliver Expired - Lifetime US3628219A (en)

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JP9172868 1968-12-13
JP9622268 1968-12-26

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US (1) US3628219A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1927292A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2026030A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1297649A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10300317A1 (de) * 2003-01-09 2004-07-22 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Faservlieses
DE102005001241A1 (de) * 2004-02-19 2005-09-01 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Abzugswalzen einer Kämmmaschine

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2640467C2 (de) * 1976-09-08 1982-02-18 Moskovskij tekstil'nyj institut, Moskva Verfahren zum Kämmen von Textilfasern und Kämmaschine zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
US4384450A (en) 1979-08-13 1983-05-24 Celanese Corporation Mixed fiber length yarn
CA1137368A (en) * 1979-08-13 1982-12-14 Linda C. Sawyer Mixed fiber length yarn
US4466237A (en) * 1980-12-16 1984-08-21 Celanese Corporation Mixed fiber length yarn

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB937538A (en) * 1961-02-21 1963-09-25 Tmm Research Ltd Improvements in textile combing machines of the rectilinear type

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB937538A (en) * 1961-02-21 1963-09-25 Tmm Research Ltd Improvements in textile combing machines of the rectilinear type

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Saco Lowell Bulletin, April 1962, pp. 32 34 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10300317A1 (de) * 2003-01-09 2004-07-22 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Faservlieses
DE102005001241A1 (de) * 2004-02-19 2005-09-01 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Abzugswalzen einer Kämmmaschine

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FR2026030A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-11
GB1297649A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-29
DE1927292A1 (de) 1971-04-22

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