US3625487A - Placing of concrete - Google Patents

Placing of concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
US3625487A
US3625487A US866860A US3625487DA US3625487A US 3625487 A US3625487 A US 3625487A US 866860 A US866860 A US 866860A US 3625487D A US3625487D A US 3625487DA US 3625487 A US3625487 A US 3625487A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
duct
mix
concrete
water
station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US866860A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harry Spragg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MARKHAM AND CO Ltd
Original Assignee
MARKHAM AND CO Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MARKHAM AND CO Ltd filed Critical MARKHAM AND CO Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3625487A publication Critical patent/US3625487A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/34—Details
    • B65G53/40—Feeding or discharging devices
    • B65G53/46—Gates or sluices, e.g. rotary wheels
    • B65G53/4608—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material
    • B65G53/4625—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material with axis of turning perpendicular to flow
    • B65G53/4633—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material with axis of turning perpendicular to flow the element having pockets, rotated from charging position to discharging position, i.e. discrete flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3143—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit characterised by the specific design of the injector
    • B01F25/31432—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit characterised by the specific design of the injector being a slit extending in the circumferential direction only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/02—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions without using driven mechanical means effecting the mixing
    • B28C5/06—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions without using driven mechanical means effecting the mixing the mixing being effected by the action of a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
    • B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
    • B28C7/0404—Proportioning
    • B28C7/0418—Proportioning control systems therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
    • B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
    • B28C7/06—Supplying the solid ingredients, e.g. by means of endless conveyors or jigging conveyors
    • B28C7/062—Supplying the solid ingredients, e.g. by means of endless conveyors or jigging conveyors with a pneumatic or hydraulic conveyor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
    • B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
    • B28C7/12—Supplying or proportioning liquid ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/34—Details
    • B65G53/40—Feeding or discharging devices
    • B65G53/46—Gates or sluices, e.g. rotary wheels
    • B65G53/4608—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material
    • B65G53/4625—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material with axis of turning perpendicular to flow
    • B65G53/4633—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material with axis of turning perpendicular to flow the element having pockets, rotated from charging position to discharging position, i.e. discrete flow
    • B65G53/4641—Turnable elements, e.g. rotary wheels with pockets or passages for material with axis of turning perpendicular to flow the element having pockets, rotated from charging position to discharging position, i.e. discrete flow with means for clearing out the pockets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S417/00—Pumps
    • Y10S417/90—Slurry pumps, e.g. concrete

Definitions

  • Apparatus for placing concrete comprises a duct to guide the concrete from a mixing station to a placing station, a pump to provide a continuous flow of air in the duct in the direction towards the placing station, a rotor at the mixing station to feed a dry concrete mix into the duct at a predetermined rate, and a ring of nozzles around the duct adjacent the placing station to inject water into the duct at a predetermined rate, the rates being set to provide a predetermined wet concrete mix.
  • PATENTED BED mm 3 5254 7 sum 7 or 8 ⁇ u ll /62 PLACING F CONCRETE The invention relates to the placing of concrete, for example, in moulds or a framework.
  • a further proposal has been to pass a dry mix of cement and ballast along a pipe in a fluidized stream with air and to inject water into the stream at the end of the pipe nearer to where the concrete is to be placed.
  • This technique has the disadvantage that a highly skilled operator is required, as in the well-known gunniting process, because the water has to be injected by means of a valve controlled by the operator. Even with a skilled operator the method has only been used for applications where the strength and appearance of the concrete have not been very important. It is an object of the invention to provide an improved method of placing concrete.
  • the invention provides apparatus for placing concrete comprising a duct to guide the concrete from a mixing station to a placing station, means to provide a continuous flow of air in the duct in the direction towards the placing station, means at the mixing station to feed a'dry concrete mix into the duct at a predetermined rate, and means adjacent the placing station to inject water into the duct at a predetermined rate, the rates being set' to provide a predetermined wet concrete mix.
  • the water injection means and the dry mix feed means are arranged to be driven from the same power source so that any rate alteration by either means is automatically compensated.
  • water injection means and the mix feed means are relatively adjustable so that the proportion of water to mix can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 1 is a part side elevation and vertical section through the pneumatic placing machine, partly in section on the line 1-1 in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 is a part section on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is the plan view of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is an end view of the water injection flange
  • FIG. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is an end view of the water injection ring which fits within the flange
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the ring
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged section on the line 8-8 in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is a side view of the water injection pump
  • FIG. 10 is a section on the line 10-13 in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a section on the line l1ll in FIG. 10.
  • FIGS. 12a, 12b and 120 are diagrams showing how the stroke of the pump is adjusted.
  • the placing apparatus shown in FIGS 1 to 3 comprises a hollow platform 10 on which is mounted a compressed air motor or electric motor 11 which drives the feeding mechanism through a suitable gearbox 12, and coupling 25.
  • the feeding mechanism comprises two casing parts 13 which are adjustable towards one another between top and bottom plates 14 and 15 in known manner by screwjacks 16 mounted on suitable supports 17.
  • a suitable hopper or funnel 45 is secured to the upper plate 14.
  • End members 18 have attached to them closure plates 19 in which are mounted bearing holders 20.
  • Bearing members 21 and 22 in said holders respectively support a journal portion 23 of a shaft 24 driven from the gearbox I2 and one end 26 of a hollow rotor 27 which is keyed to another part of the shaft 24.
  • the rotor is provided with a number of circumferentially spaced pockets 28 the bottoms of which are curved in the direction of the axis of rotation as best seen in FIG. I.
  • the two casing parts 13 are arranged to provide between them spaces 32 and 33 at the top and bottom of the apparatus respectively.
  • the base 10 is formed with a compressed-air inlet pipe 39 which directs high-velocity air through one end of each pocket as it sweeps past so as to force any material in the pocket into a delivery conduit 40 which extends through the base and is provided with a flange 41 for connection to a delivery pipe which delivers the material to the required destination.
  • the inlet pipe 39 is similarly provided with a flange 42 for connection with a conduit leading to a source of compressed air.
  • the delivery pipe connected to the flange 41 extends to the location where the concrete is to be placed and adjacent the end of the pipe at the location there is a water injection flange which is shown in FIGS. 4 to 8.
  • the flange comprises an outer flange member 50 which is of annular fonn and is provided with holes 51 for attachment to the delivery pipe. There is a channel. 52 around the inner periphery of the member and there is a drilling 53 connected to the channel and for connection to a water pump.
  • a water injection ring fits within the member 50 and consists of two rings 54 and 55 which are joined together with a lap joint as shown in FIG. 8. The two rings are separated at the inner face of the joint to provide a channel 56.
  • the driving mechanism for the water pump which supplies water to the injection ring is shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 and comprises a casing 60 which houses the working mechanism.
  • the output is by way of a crosshead 61 mounted in guides 62 and the crosshead drives the piston of a reciprocating pump which is not shown.
  • the stroke of the crosshead can be varied between full stroke and travel by a system of linkages controlled by the positioning of the pivot position of an intermediate link.
  • a connecting rod 64 Attached to the crosshead by a pin 59 is a connecting rod 64.
  • This connecting rod is provided with a hinge pin 65 to which is secured a connecting link 66 which is given a reciprocating motion substantially at right angles to the axis.
  • the reciprocating motion of the link 66 is obtained by means of a crank driven from a pulley 67.
  • the pulley 67 is driven from the gearbox 12 so that the pump motion is positively connected to the motor of the rotor 27.
  • the hinge pin 65 is secured to a pair of links 68 which are hinged at precisely the same center distance as the connecting rod 64, by means of binge pins 69, which are carried in a cradle or frame 70 which can be swung about axis pins 71.
  • the center distance between pins 69 and 71 is precisely the same as that between pins 69 and 65, and also the connecting rod center distance.
  • the relative positions of the pins 59 and 69 are altered by rotating the cradle 70 using an am 72 keyed to an axle 73 which forms one bearing for the cradle.
  • the arm 72 slides over a scale 74 and is held in any selected position by means of a bolt 75 with a head 76 which is received in a slid 77 pivotally attached to the casing 60.
  • the bolt can be tightened by a ring nut 78 to lock the arm in position.
  • a dry concrete mix with a predetermined cement to ballast ratio is placed in the hopper 45, and
  • the air feed rate should be about 2,000 cubic feet per minute.
  • the rotor 27 is set in motion and is timed to release the dry mix at a predetermined measured rate.
  • the dry mix is swept in the airstream from the lower pocket of the rotor through the delivery pipe to the water injection flange where it meets a curtain of water which it picks up.
  • the wet mixture then passes out to the desired concrete location.
  • the amount of water required to provide the best mix can be calculated and injected into the mix by varying the stroke of the pump.
  • the wet concrete emerging from the apparatus has sufficient velocity to enable high compaction to be achieved even at distances of the order of 20 feet from the end of the delivery pipe.
  • the concrete can also be forced into moulds such as are used for moulding precast concrete members and because of the high compaction achieved no vibration in the mould is necessary.
  • Apparatus for placing concrete comprising a duct to guide the concrete from a mixing station to a placing station, means to provide a continuous flow of air in the duct in the direction towards the placing station, means at the mixing station to feed a dry concrete mix into the duct at a chosen rate, and means adjacent the placing station to inject water into the duct at a chosen rate, the water injection means and the dry mix feed means being arranged to be driven from the same power source so that any rate alteration by either means is automatically compensated, and being relatively adjustable during operation of the apparatus so that the proportion of water to mix can be adjusted to provide a chosen wet concrete mix.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which there is means to adjust the speed of the drive from the power source to the feed means and the injection means to vary the rate at which concrete is fed to the placing station without varying the ratio of water to mix.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 having a duct to a concrete mix from a mixing station to a placing station, an air pump to provide a continuous flow of air in the duct in the direction from the mixing station towards the placing station, at the mixing station a rotor having a plurality of identical pockets one of which is open to the duct and another of which is open to a supply of mix, means to rotate the rotor at a chosen speed to release successive equal quantities of mix into the duct at a chosen rate, adjacent the placing station a ring of inlet nozzles around the duct, a variable displacement pump to pump water through the nozzles into the duct at a chosen rate, common drive means and a gearbox for the rotor and the water pump, and means connecting the gearbox to the rotor and to the water pump.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
US866860A 1968-11-13 1969-10-16 Placing of concrete Expired - Lifetime US3625487A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5379568 1968-11-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3625487A true US3625487A (en) 1971-12-07

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ID=10469009

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US866860A Expired - Lifetime US3625487A (en) 1968-11-13 1969-10-16 Placing of concrete

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3625487A (de)
BE (1) BE741496A (de)
CA (1) CA931558A (de)
DE (1) DE1952415A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2023171A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1233272A (de)
NL (1) NL6916972A (de)
ZA (1) ZA697187B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2341018A1 (de) * 2009-12-31 2011-07-06 Günther Opitz Zellenradschleuse sowie Förderanlage zum Fördern von Schüttgut
US20160257506A1 (en) * 2015-03-06 2016-09-08 Cold Jet, Llc Particle feeder
CN111002465A (zh) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-14 广东能强陶瓷有限公司 一种陶瓷地砖生产用原料混合装置
CN113618908A (zh) * 2021-08-20 2021-11-09 中建七局(上海)有限公司 一种建筑工程预制用混凝土浇筑设备
CN116356828A (zh) * 2023-05-24 2023-06-30 江苏力引建材科技股份有限公司 一种水利支护冠梁的混凝土浇筑设备

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2644491B1 (fr) * 1989-03-15 1991-05-31 Regicentre Sarl Procede de preparation et de gachage de mortiers fins et coulis pour le remplissage de vides souterrains
CN107696296A (zh) * 2017-11-13 2018-02-16 国家林业局北京林业机械研究所 一种移动式物料配制工作机组
CN109483732B (zh) * 2019-01-04 2024-03-19 河北乾昂新型材料科技有限公司 一种连续性砂浆搅拌机

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1731953A (en) * 1926-08-16 1929-10-15 Thomson Peter Mixer and conveyer
US2161553A (en) * 1935-09-30 1939-06-06 Westberg Gustave Edward Means of conveying and mixing comminuted material
US2577664A (en) * 1950-03-20 1951-12-04 Jo Zach Miller Discharge nozzle for hydrating cementitious substances under pressure
US2637539A (en) * 1949-04-01 1953-05-05 John M Crom Distribution of solids in air
US3006615A (en) * 1957-07-05 1961-10-31 Hoge Warren Zimmermann Co Continuous mixing, metering and delivering apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1731953A (en) * 1926-08-16 1929-10-15 Thomson Peter Mixer and conveyer
US2161553A (en) * 1935-09-30 1939-06-06 Westberg Gustave Edward Means of conveying and mixing comminuted material
US2637539A (en) * 1949-04-01 1953-05-05 John M Crom Distribution of solids in air
US2577664A (en) * 1950-03-20 1951-12-04 Jo Zach Miller Discharge nozzle for hydrating cementitious substances under pressure
US3006615A (en) * 1957-07-05 1961-10-31 Hoge Warren Zimmermann Co Continuous mixing, metering and delivering apparatus

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2341018A1 (de) * 2009-12-31 2011-07-06 Günther Opitz Zellenradschleuse sowie Förderanlage zum Fördern von Schüttgut
US20160257506A1 (en) * 2015-03-06 2016-09-08 Cold Jet, Llc Particle feeder
US10315862B2 (en) * 2015-03-06 2019-06-11 Cold Jet, Llc Particle feeder
US20190291975A1 (en) * 2015-03-06 2019-09-26 Cold Jet, Llc Particle feeder
US10737890B2 (en) * 2015-03-06 2020-08-11 Cold Jet, Llc Particle feeder
CN111002465A (zh) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-14 广东能强陶瓷有限公司 一种陶瓷地砖生产用原料混合装置
CN113618908A (zh) * 2021-08-20 2021-11-09 中建七局(上海)有限公司 一种建筑工程预制用混凝土浇筑设备
CN116356828A (zh) * 2023-05-24 2023-06-30 江苏力引建材科技股份有限公司 一种水利支护冠梁的混凝土浇筑设备
CN116356828B (zh) * 2023-05-24 2023-11-10 江苏力引建材科技股份有限公司 一种水利支护冠梁的混凝土浇筑设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1952415A1 (de) 1970-06-18
BE741496A (de) 1970-04-16
FR2023171A1 (de) 1970-08-07
GB1233272A (de) 1971-05-26
CA931558A (en) 1973-08-07
NL6916972A (de) 1970-05-15
ZA697187B (en) 1971-05-27

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