US3623462A - Radiator system for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Radiator system for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3623462A
US3623462A US889033A US3623462DA US3623462A US 3623462 A US3623462 A US 3623462A US 889033 A US889033 A US 889033A US 3623462D A US3623462D A US 3623462DA US 3623462 A US3623462 A US 3623462A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fluid
flow
liquid
coolant
radiator
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Expired - Lifetime
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US889033A
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English (en)
Inventor
Joseph H Anders
Daniel J Bosch
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Modine Manufacturing Co
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Modine Manufacturing Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0231—Header boxes having an expansion chamber

Definitions

  • RADIATOR SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE One of the features of this invention is to provide a liquid coolant radiator for the cooling system of a heat-generating engine having positive flow inducing means for directing some of the coolant from its normal flow path into a quiescent tank or chamber in which the gas is separated from the coolant and the gas vented to the atmosphere.
  • Another feature of the invention is to provide a liquid coolant radiator having a gas separating container or tank that is supplied with liquid from the coolant flow path at all times during engine operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a semidiagrammatic elevational view of an internal combustion engine and a coolant flow path therefor including a heat-dissipating air-cooled radiator.
  • FIG. 2 is a semidiagrammatic elevational view illustrating a second embodiment of a radiator embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 but illustrating a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 2 but illustrating a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. I there is illustrated an internal combustion engine of the ordinary type that includes a customary liquid coolant portion having an ordinary powerdriven coolant-circulating pump 11.
  • the cooling system within the engine 10 has an inlet 12 leading to the pump 11 and an outlet 13 leading from the cooling section of the engine.
  • the coolant to and from the engine 10 is conducted in a flow path that has in it an air-cooled radiator 14.
  • This radiator as illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 1 comprises an inlet header 15, an outlet header 16, parallel tubes 17 interconnecting the headers for flow of liquid in a flow path that includes the inlet header l5, outlet header I6 and the intervening tubes 17.
  • Coolant and entrained gas is directed from the engine outlet 13 through a liquid line 18 to the top of the inlet header as indicated at 19.
  • a customary heat-operated thermostatic valve 20 which opens and closes to circulate liquid through the radiator 14 as a result of coolant temperature in the engine 10.
  • the bottom of the outlet header I6 is connected by means ofa liquid line 21 to the inlet 12 to the liquid-circulating pump 11 of the engine.
  • a fluid-confining means 22 illustrated in FIG. I as a tank that is separated from the outlet header 16 by a common dividing wall 23.
  • This tank 22 is for separating entrained gas from the coolant liquid and as a gas-receiving part 24 has a head space at the top of the tank 22 and a liquid-receiving part 25 at the bottom for receiving the coolant liquid 26.
  • the tank 22 provides a quiet space in which the more buoyant entrained gas has time to separate from the liquid 26 and collect as indicated at 27 as a gas with the liquid and gas having a liquid interface 28 therebetween.
  • a liquid flow means in the form of a small tube 29 interconnecting the confining means tank 22 and the liquid flow path.
  • this connecting is provided by having the tube 29 entrance end 30 at the top of the outlet header I6 and exhausting at an exit end 31 at the top of gas head space 24.
  • the mixed coolant liquid and entrained gas from the flow path into the separating tank 22 there are provided means for inducing fluid flow in the tube 29 from the flow path into the tank 22 or in the direction of the arrows of FIG. I.
  • This means for inducing fluid flow therefore continually draws a portion of mixed coolant and entrained gas from the flow path and separates the gas from the coolant after which the coolant is returned to the flow path in the manner illustrated hereinafter.
  • this fluid flow inducing means comprises a venturi tube aspirator 32 that may be positioned within the gas-confining head space 24 of tank 22 or outside tank 22 and is supplied with mixed liquid and coolant by way of a first supply line 33 from the coolant portion of the engine 10.
  • This line 33 leads through the venturi tube 32 to create a suction therein in the customary manner and the tube 29 from the coolant flow path portion of the radiator is connected to the throat of the venturi in the customary manner so that flow of liquid from the engine by way of the line 33 through the venturi tube draws a suction in the tube 29 to cause fluid flow therethrough in the direction indicated.
  • the coolant and entrained gas from the flow path header l6 and from the engine by way of the tube line 33 mix in the venturi tube 32 and are exhausted out the exit 31 which is positioned at the top of the gas head space 24.
  • the common dividing wall 23 that separates the fluid confining tank 22 from the outlet header 16 is a vertical wall in the embodiment of FIG. 1 because the radiator 14 therein is a cross tube radiator with vertical headers 15 and 16. Located adjacent the bottom of this wall 23 are means embodied in the opening 34 for providing fluid flow between the liquid receiver tank 22 and the one header which in the FIG. 1 embodiment is the outlet header 16.
  • a return line 38 from the bottom of the tank 22 to the inlet 12 of the engine coolant circulating pump 11.
  • a customary liquid fill and pressure relief valve radiator cap 35 In order to vent the separated gas in the gas space 24 to the atmosphere there is provided a customary liquid fill and pressure relief valve radiator cap 35.
  • the fluid flow line from the venturi tube 32 and leading to the exit 31 includes a fluid trap illustrated herein as a U-tube 36.
  • This trap has its inlet end connected to the outlet of the aspirator 32 as illustrated, its bottom immersed in the coolant liquid 26 in the lower regions of the gas-separating tank 22 and its outlet end comprising the exit 31 at the top of the gas-containing head space 24.
  • a drain valve 87 in the bottom of the radiator that is designed for simultaneous drainage of the bottom of the U-tube 36 by way of a line 37 and the bottom of the fluid-confining tank 22. Because of the provision of the bottom opening 34 the drain valve 87 functions to drain the entire radiator 14 when desired.
  • FIG. 1 there is provided a further or second supply line 39 for coolant from the engine I0 and leading to the bottom of the fluid-confining tank 22.
  • the two lines 33 and 39 serve to direct liquid with entrained gas into the gasseparating tank 22 when the thermostat valve 20 is closed so that no coolant is flowing through the radiator 14.
  • coolant flow in line 39 can flow in either direction or can be completely stagnant depending upon the normal flow conditions in the specific engine-cooling radiator system itself. In other words, with the thermostat valve 20 open flow through the line 39 becomes unimportant.
  • coolant flow from the engine through line 33 and through the venturi aspirator 32 occurs at all times whether or not the thermostat valve 20 is opened or closed. This is the case in order that there will always be a suction on the line 20 so as to continuously withdraw s small but steady amount of coolant with entrapped gas from the flow path for separation of the gas.
  • coolant is pumped through the engine 10 by the coolant pump II in the customary manner.
  • coolant pump II When the temperature conditions of the coolant are such that the valve 20 is open coolant will be directed from the engine through line 18 to the top of the inlet header as indicated at 19. Liquid coolant from this header 15 then flows in parallel through the spaced tubes 17 where it is cooled in the customary manner by air contact with the tubes and the spaced interconnecting fins 40.
  • the tubes 17 empty into the outlet header l6 and the coolant is returned from the bottom of this header 16 by the line 21 to the inlet 12 of the coolant circulating pump 11.
  • valve 20 Regardless of whether the valve 20 is open or closed coolant is also directed from the cooling system portion of the engine 10 through the line 33 into and through the venturi tube 32 and from there through the liquid trap 36 into the top of the gas-containing head space 24.
  • This flow of coolant through the venturi tube 32 sets up a suction in the line 29 which thereby continuously draws a small amount of mixed coolant and entrained gas from the top of the header 16, mixes it with the coolant and gas from the engine line 33 and exhausts the mixture out the exit 31.
  • coolant and entrained gas is simultaneously supplied to the bottom of the tank 22 through the line 39.
  • the combined liquid flow rates in lines 29, 33 and 38 when used are such that the liquid level in tank 22 is below the top of this tank and well above the bottom of the U-tube 36.
  • venturi tube 32 due to the suction set up therein draws only a relatively small volume flow of coolant and entrained gas through the line 29. Thus it serves continuously to induce fluid flow in this line so that the entrained gas can be removed.
  • the venturi tube 32 reduces the time for deaerating the liquid coolant on start-up of the engine after the engine and associated fluid flow lines have been initially filled with coolant. It also improves the efficiency of the deaeration as it continuously applies a suction to the coolant and it insures that the radiator 14 will be full of liquid coolant at all times as entrained gas is continuously removed.
  • the radiator 14 In initially filling the radiator 14 through the cap 35 in the customary manner the radiator is of course filled from the bottom by reason of the provision of the bottom opening 34 in the wall 23 and also through lines 38 and 21 when bottom opening 34 is small. During this filling from the bottom the line 29 leading to the venturi tube 32 as well as the tube itself serves as a vent to permit the escape of air from the top of the radiator through the top cap 35.
  • the trap embodied in the U-tube 36 serves to prevent the coolant level in the cooling system falling when the engine 10 is stopped.
  • the pump 11 also stops which means that pumped coolant is no longer forced through line 33 which is the coolant supply line from the engine to the tank 22.
  • the U-tube 36 maintains a liquid trap even when liquid is no longer supplied through the main inlet flow line 33 no air can enter the system so that the liquid level in the radiator 14 cannot fall. Because the liquid in the radiator cannot fall the coolant system including that portion of the engine 10 remains filled at all times whether or not the engine is running and so long as there is no malfunction of the system. Then, on restarting the engine the cooling of the engine is immediate as there is no waiting for the cooling system to fill with coolant as it is already full from the previous operation.
  • a check valve 41 may be used in the coolant return line 138 as illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 2. Due to the presence of this check valve 41 which prevents reverse flow in the line 138 which is otherwise equivalent to line 38 of FIG. 1, steam in the engine can flow from the engine through line 33 into the head space 24 and from there to ambient through the pressure relief valve radiator cap 35. This steam of course enters the space 24 by way of the U-tube 36 so that the tube is in the process blown free of liquid.
  • FIG. 2 The embodiment of FIG. 2 is quite similar to that of FIG. 1 except in FIG. 2 the inlet header is adjacent the fluidseparating tank 22 and the outlet header 116 is on the opposite side of the radiator 114. Coolant with entrained gas is supplied to the inlet header through a line 118 that corresponds to the line 18 in the first embodiment with this line also containing the thermostat valve 20. Liquid from the outlet header 116 in this embodiment is returned to the engine by line 121 which is similar in operation to line 21 ofFlG. 1.
  • the substantially gas-free return line 38 is omitted and this liquid 126 is returned to the engine by the above described return line 21 leading from the outlet header 16.
  • the opening 134 in the dividing wall 123 is made somewhat larger to accommodate this increased liquid flow. All other elements of the embodiment of FIG. 3 are the same as described.
  • a fourth tank 42 adjacent the inlet header 15 and divided therefrom by a common wall 43.
  • This fourth tank 42 which also serves as a reservoir for separating entrained gas from coolant includes a lower liquid-receiving part 44 adapted to contain liquid 45 and an upper gas-receiving part 46.
  • the two gas receiving parts 24 and 46 on opposite ends of the header are interconnected by a gas flow line 47 while the two liquid bodies 26 and 45 are interconnected by a liquid line 48.
  • there are two gas and liquid separation tanks on opposite ends of the radiator and pressure therein is equalized by the interconnecting gas line 47 and liquid line 48.
  • This embodiment therefore provides additional reserve coolant supply and the pressure balance lines 47 and 48 maintain equal reserve coolant levels 28 and 49 in the two tanks.
  • This embodiment of FIG. 4 is also provided with liquid supply lines 33 and 39, inlet line 18 and contained thermostat valve 20 and outlet line 21 as previously described.
  • a liquid coolant radiator for the cooling system of a heatgenerating engine comprising: a liquid coolant inlet header; a liquid coolant outlet header; tubes interconnecting said headers for flow of mixed gas and coolant liquid in a flow path means that includes said inlet header, tubes and outlet header; fluid-confining means for separating entrained gas from coolant liquid having a gas receiver part; fluid flow means interconnecting said confining means and said flow path means;
  • positive flow-inducing means for inducing fluid flow in said fluid flow means from said flow path means to said confining means thereby flowing mixed coolant liquid and gas into said confining means from said flow path means; an inlet conduit means to said inlet header for flow of liquid thereto from said engine; a liquid flow control thermostat open and shut valve means in said inlet conduit means for controlling fluid flow in said flow path means; and fluid conduit means from said engine to said fluid-confining means bypassing said valve for flow of fluid t0 the fluid-confining means from said engine even when said valve is closed.
  • a liquid coolant radiator for the cooling system of a heatgenerating engine, comprising: a liquid coolant inlet header; a liquid coolant outlet header; tubes interconnecting said headers for flow of mixed gas and coolant liquid in a flow path means that includes said inlet header, tubes and outlet header; fluid-confining means for separating entrained gas from coolant liquid having a gas receiver part; fluid flow means interconnecting said confining means and said flow path means, said fluid flow means including a U-tube trap having an entrance connected to said fluid flow means and an exit in said fluid-confining means; positive flow-inducing means for in ducing fluid flow in said fluid flow means from said flow path means to said confining means from said flow path means; and drain means for simultaneously draining said trap and said radiator.
  • said positive flow-inducing means comprises aspirator means in said fluid conduit means connected to said fluid flow means for creating a suction in said fluid flow means by liquid flowing through said fluid conduit means and aspirator from said engine.
  • said positive flow-inducing means comprises aspirator means in said fluid conduit means connected to said fluid flow means for creating a suction in said fluid flow means by liquid flowing through said fluid conduit means and aspirator from said engine and said fluid flow means comprises a tube having an entrance adjacent the top of said flow path means and an exit adjacent the top of said gas receiver part.
  • said fluid-confining means includes a liquid receiver part beneath said gas receiver part for buoyant separation and collection of said entrained gas in said gas receiver part, and said fluid conduit means comprises a first supply line to said gas receiver part and a second supply line to said liquid receiver part.
  • said positive flow-inducing means comprises aspirator means in said first supply line connected to said fluid flow means for creating a suction in said fluid flow means.
US889033A 1969-12-30 1969-12-30 Radiator system for internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US3623462A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726262A (en) * 1970-12-09 1973-04-10 White Motor Corp Engine cooling system
US4011905A (en) * 1975-12-18 1977-03-15 Borg-Warner Corporation Heat exchangers with integral surge tanks
US4346757A (en) * 1980-09-10 1982-08-31 Borg-Warner Corporation Automotive cooling system using a non-pressurized reservoir bottle
US4366858A (en) * 1979-11-16 1983-01-04 Societe Anonyme Des Usines Chausson Self-deaerating heat exchanger for engine cooling circuits
US4422502A (en) * 1981-07-16 1983-12-27 Valeo Integrated water box and expansion chamber device for a heat exchanger such as the radiator in the cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine
US4480598A (en) * 1983-09-22 1984-11-06 William C. Neils Coolant recovery and de-aeration system for liquid-cooled internal combustion engines
US4767961A (en) * 1981-02-17 1988-08-30 The Machlett Laboratories, Inc. X-ray generator cooling system
US4846265A (en) * 1987-05-05 1989-07-11 Valeo Heat exchanger with liquid circulation, particularly for an automobile, including a liquid degasification passage
US5410991A (en) * 1994-05-05 1995-05-02 Standard-Thomson Corporation Coolant fill housing with integral thermostat
US20090020081A1 (en) * 2007-07-16 2009-01-22 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Integrated Vehicle Cooling System
US20100037836A1 (en) * 2008-08-17 2010-02-18 Cummins Intellectual Properties, Inc. Gas extractor for an engine coolant system

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2292109A1 (fr) * 1974-11-22 1976-06-18 Citroen Sa Perfectionnements apportes aux dispositifs de refroidissement pour moteur a combustion interne et aux elements de tels dispositifs
FR2514479B1 (fr) * 1981-10-13 1987-05-07 Valeo Echangeur de chaleur a circulation de liquide, en particulier pour un vehicule automobile
DE3444273C1 (de) * 1984-12-05 1985-11-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Aus Kunststoff hergestellter Wasserkasten fuer einen Querstrom-Kuehler fuer Brennkraftmaschinen
GB2303438A (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-02-19 Llanelli Radiators Ltd Vehicle heat exchanger vent arrangement

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1658934A (en) * 1922-08-16 1928-02-14 Wellington W Muir Process of and apparatus for operating internal-combustion engines
US2170214A (en) * 1937-06-07 1939-08-22 Homer B Morrow Radiator used with internal combustion engines
US2428373A (en) * 1945-08-09 1947-10-07 Edward C Lloyd Pump priming system
US3051450A (en) * 1960-04-29 1962-08-28 Ford Motor Co Cooling system
US3077927A (en) * 1960-05-02 1963-02-19 Ford Motor Co Cooling system
US3455377A (en) * 1967-08-23 1969-07-15 Modine Mfg Co Liquid coolant radiator with air separating means
US3533465A (en) * 1968-09-03 1970-10-13 Caterpillar Tractor Co Crossflow radiator system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1658934A (en) * 1922-08-16 1928-02-14 Wellington W Muir Process of and apparatus for operating internal-combustion engines
US2170214A (en) * 1937-06-07 1939-08-22 Homer B Morrow Radiator used with internal combustion engines
US2428373A (en) * 1945-08-09 1947-10-07 Edward C Lloyd Pump priming system
US3051450A (en) * 1960-04-29 1962-08-28 Ford Motor Co Cooling system
US3077927A (en) * 1960-05-02 1963-02-19 Ford Motor Co Cooling system
US3455377A (en) * 1967-08-23 1969-07-15 Modine Mfg Co Liquid coolant radiator with air separating means
US3533465A (en) * 1968-09-03 1970-10-13 Caterpillar Tractor Co Crossflow radiator system

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726262A (en) * 1970-12-09 1973-04-10 White Motor Corp Engine cooling system
US4011905A (en) * 1975-12-18 1977-03-15 Borg-Warner Corporation Heat exchangers with integral surge tanks
US4366858A (en) * 1979-11-16 1983-01-04 Societe Anonyme Des Usines Chausson Self-deaerating heat exchanger for engine cooling circuits
US4346757A (en) * 1980-09-10 1982-08-31 Borg-Warner Corporation Automotive cooling system using a non-pressurized reservoir bottle
US4767961A (en) * 1981-02-17 1988-08-30 The Machlett Laboratories, Inc. X-ray generator cooling system
US4422502A (en) * 1981-07-16 1983-12-27 Valeo Integrated water box and expansion chamber device for a heat exchanger such as the radiator in the cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine
US4480598A (en) * 1983-09-22 1984-11-06 William C. Neils Coolant recovery and de-aeration system for liquid-cooled internal combustion engines
US4846265A (en) * 1987-05-05 1989-07-11 Valeo Heat exchanger with liquid circulation, particularly for an automobile, including a liquid degasification passage
US5410991A (en) * 1994-05-05 1995-05-02 Standard-Thomson Corporation Coolant fill housing with integral thermostat
US20090020081A1 (en) * 2007-07-16 2009-01-22 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Integrated Vehicle Cooling System
US7669558B2 (en) * 2007-07-16 2010-03-02 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Integrated vehicle cooling system
US20100037836A1 (en) * 2008-08-17 2010-02-18 Cummins Intellectual Properties, Inc. Gas extractor for an engine coolant system
US7681537B2 (en) 2008-08-17 2010-03-23 Cummins Intellectual Properties, Inc. Gas extractor for an engine coolant system

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Publication number Publication date
GB1264282A (de) 1972-02-16
DE2044033C3 (de) 1978-11-30
DE2044033A1 (de) 1971-07-08
DE2044033B2 (de) 1978-04-06

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