US3533465A - Crossflow radiator system - Google Patents

Crossflow radiator system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3533465A
US3533465A US756854A US3533465DA US3533465A US 3533465 A US3533465 A US 3533465A US 756854 A US756854 A US 756854A US 3533465D A US3533465D A US 3533465DA US 3533465 A US3533465 A US 3533465A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tank
coolant
tanks
radiator
engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US756854A
Inventor
George K Bennett
Robert R Mccutchen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Inc
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Tractor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Tractor Co filed Critical Caterpillar Tractor Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3533465A publication Critical patent/US3533465A/en
Assigned to CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. reassignment CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0231Header boxes having an expansion chamber

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A crossflow radiator system with vent means which acts to enable ready filling of the system with liquid coolant and prevents entry of air into the radiator and end tanks from an associate expansion tank when low pressure is experienced due to low speed operation of the coolant circulation pump.
  • ROBERT R. M CUTCHEN @J ?JQA PAZL,LV 45- ATTORNEYS I .1 CROSSFLOW RADIATOR SYSTEM in many crossflow radiator systems an engine coolant is contained in a radiator and two end tanks and is continuously circulated during engine operation through the engine and back to the tanks and radiator. Since radiators are most efficiently operated when they are full of coolant to the exclusion of all air it is customary to employ an expansion tank to receive air and provide makeup fluid for the system. Expansion tanks are generally disposed at a higher level than the radiator but in the interest of maintaining a low overall engine profile they are now found located in side by side relationship. This gives rise to problems in venting while the system is being filled with coolant and in periodic inclusion of air into the radiator circulatory system during low or erratic engine and pump speeds.
  • the drawing is a schematic view of a system including a radiator withiend tanks and expansion tank and a portion of the engine through which coolant is circulated.
  • the radiator is generally indicated at as having an inlet end tank 12 and an outlet end tank 13.
  • the engine a portion of which is shown at 14, is provided with a pump 15 and this pump withdraws coolant from the outlet end tank 13 to a conduit l6 and directs it through a conduit 17 into and through the engine block and head in a conventional manner.
  • the fluid after circulating through the engine block and head exits through a conduit 18 by which it is introduced into the end tank 12 as at 19. It is customary in systems of the type just described to employ thermostatic controls with shunt circuits so that the coolant is not circulated through the radiator until i the engine attains a predetermined operating temperature. This, however, does not form a part of the present invention and is therefore not disclosed herein.
  • An expansion tank or makeup tank is shown at 20 in proximity to the end tank 13 and the function of this tank is to receive air which may for any reason be included in the radia tor and end tanks and also to contain coolant for delivery into the radiator and end tanks for makeup purposes when they include air as a result of leakage, evaporation or some other causes.
  • One of the problems presented when the makeup tank is provided in side by side relationship with the end tank as shown is that venting of all of the spaces during filling of the system becomes difficult. This is accomplished in the present invention by providing a filling spout 22 with the usual removable cap thereon at the upper end of the makeup tank 20. A vent is then provided which extends from adjacent the upper end of one of the end tanks 12 and 13, here shown as the tank 12, and then extends downwardly to a point which is approximately at the level of the bottom of the expansion tank but above the level of the outlet of the bypass 26. This vent shown in tubular form at 24 extends upwardly from this level as illustrated at 25 to a point adjacent the upper end of the expansion tank 20.
  • coolant is introduced through the filling-spout 22 to fill the expansion tank and meanwhile to pass through a bypass conduit 26 into the line 16 and thence upwardly through the pump and engine as well as upwardly through the end tanks and radiator until the entire system ,is full. Since the end tanks and radiator are vented at the top as well asthe expansion tank by reason of the cap being removed from the'filler spout, no airlock occurs to prevent adequate'tilling. It will be understood that the return line 18 extends at a level above the engine outlet or slopes upradiator and end tanks. Ordinarily this cavitation or inclusion of air will be corrected when liquid in the expansion tank flows through the bypass 26 and is pumped into the circulatory system.
  • vent tubes of the prior art terminate at a point right below the top of the tank 20 where tube 24 enters.
  • This arrangement permits venting of air from tanks 12 and 13 as the system is 7 filled with coolant, but does not maintain a full" system at 24 to tank 20.
  • Tanks l2 and 13 and the radiator tubes therebetween will become completely filled, provided sufficient coolant is added to tank 20.
  • the flow capacity of the pump is greater than that of the radiator. and if it continues to runat a moderately high speed, excess coolant will be returned to tank 20 by tube 24. Thus adequate venting of tanks 12 and 13 is achieved.
  • the radiator may be only partially full of water.
  • the result is that when an engine is idling, a time when the greatest demand is made upon'the radiator and cooling system due to diminished air flow over the radiating elements, it is only partially full.
  • Tube 25 is added to tube 24.
  • the subject device functions in a manner similar to that of the prior art as described above. Air from tanks 12 and 13 is vented tov tank, 20 through tubes 24 and 25 as tanks 12 and 13 fill up.
  • a crossflow radiator system for an engine comprising a radiator with two end tanks and an expansion tank all disposed at approximately the same level, a coolant pump driven by the engine and means to direct fluid from the pump through the engine, through the radiator and end tanks, and back to the pump, the improvement which comprises a vent passage extending from adjacent an upper end of one end tank to a point and thenc tank.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Description

Q Einrte States :atent inventors George K. Bennett Peoria;
Robert R. McCutchen, East Peoria, Illinois Appl. No. 756.854 Filed Sept. 3, 1968 Patented Oct. 13, 1970 Assignee Caterpillar Tractor Co.
Peoria, Illinois y a corporation of California CROSSFLOW RADIATOR SYSTEM 2 Claims, '1 Drawing Fig.
US. Cl ..l
Int. Cl ..F28d 15/00, F01p 1 H02 Field ofSearch 165/1 10,
trrorney- Fryer, Tjensvold, feix, Phillips and Lempio [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,074,350 3/1937 Wood 165/1 10X 2,170,214 8/1939 Morrow et al. 165/110 3,051,450 8/1962 White et a1. 165/110 3,254,707 6/1966 Ferguson 165/110 3,455,377 7/1969 Hayes 165/110 1,998,695 4/1935 White 123/4154 Primary Examiner-Albert W. Davis, J r.
ABSTRACT: A crossflow radiator system with vent means which acts to enable ready filling of the system with liquid coolant and prevents entry of air into the radiator and end tanks from an associate expansion tank when low pressure is experienced due to low speed operation of the coolant circulation pump.
Patented Oct. 13, 1970 3,533,416
INVENTORS GEORGE K BENNETT, JR.
ROBERT R. M CUTCHEN @J ?JQA PAZL,LV 45- ATTORNEYS I .1 CROSSFLOW RADIATOR SYSTEM in many crossflow radiator systems an engine coolant is contained in a radiator and two end tanks and is continuously circulated during engine operation through the engine and back to the tanks and radiator. Since radiators are most efficiently operated when they are full of coolant to the exclusion of all air it is customary to employ an expansion tank to receive air and provide makeup fluid for the system. Expansion tanks are generally disposed at a higher level than the radiator but in the interest of maintaining a low overall engine profile they are now found located in side by side relationship. This gives rise to problems in venting while the system is being filled with coolant and in periodic inclusion of air into the radiator circulatory system during low or erratic engine and pump speeds.
The manner of operation of the present invention and the several advantages of the system will best be understood from the following specification wherein the invention is described by reference to the accompanying drawing. The drawing is a schematic view of a system including a radiator withiend tanks and expansion tank and a portion of the engine through which coolant is circulated.
The radiator is generally indicated at as having an inlet end tank 12 and an outlet end tank 13. The engine, a portion of which is shown at 14, is provided with a pump 15 and this pump withdraws coolant from the outlet end tank 13 to a conduit l6 and directs it through a conduit 17 into and through the engine block and head in a conventional manner. The fluid after circulating through the engine block and head exits through a conduit 18 by which it is introduced into the end tank 12 as at 19. It is customary in systems of the type just described to employ thermostatic controls with shunt circuits so that the coolant is not circulated through the radiator until i the engine attains a predetermined operating temperature. This, however, does not form a part of the present invention and is therefore not disclosed herein.
An expansion tank or makeup tank is shown at 20 in proximity to the end tank 13 and the function of this tank is to receive air which may for any reason be included in the radia tor and end tanks and also to contain coolant for delivery into the radiator and end tanks for makeup purposes when they include air as a result of leakage, evaporation or some other causes.
One of the problems presented when the makeup tank is provided in side by side relationship with the end tank as shown is that venting of all of the spaces during filling of the system becomes difficult. This is accomplished in the present invention by providing a filling spout 22 with the usual removable cap thereon at the upper end of the makeup tank 20. A vent is then provided which extends from adjacent the upper end of one of the end tanks 12 and 13, here shown as the tank 12, and then extends downwardly to a point which is approximately at the level of the bottom of the expansion tank but above the level of the outlet of the bypass 26. This vent shown in tubular form at 24 extends upwardly from this level as illustrated at 25 to a point adjacent the upper end of the expansion tank 20. To fill the system, coolant is introduced through the filling-spout 22 to fill the expansion tank and meanwhile to pass through a bypass conduit 26 into the line 16 and thence upwardly through the pump and engine as well as upwardly through the end tanks and radiator until the entire system ,is full. Since the end tanks and radiator are vented at the top as well asthe expansion tank by reason of the cap being removed from the'filler spout, no airlock occurs to prevent adequate'tilling. It will be understood that the return line 18 extends at a level above the engine outlet or slopes upradiator and end tanks. Ordinarily this cavitation or inclusion of air will be corrected when liquid in the expansion tank flows through the bypass 26 and is pumped into the circulatory system. However, this requires a considerable length of time during which inefficient heat transfer as well as inefficient pumping will take place because of the cavitation or presence of air in the system. In the present system during ordinary operation at relatively high engine speeds the pump exceeds the necessary capacity for full circulation through the system and a portion of the coolant is being bled off through the vent line 24-25 and into the expansion chamber 20. Thus when there is a tendency for cavitation to occur, air from the upper end of the chamber 20 is prevented from entering the circulatory system through the vent which is filled with liquid and until the requirement for fluid in the system is made up through the bypass 26.
In amplification of the above and by way of example the vent tubes of the prior art terminate at a point right below the top of the tank 20 where tube 24 enters. This arrangement permits venting of air from tanks 12 and 13 as the system is 7 filled with coolant, but does not maintain a full" system at 24 to tank 20.
ward fromthe engine outlet to a level just below the tops of the other tanks to where it enters the end tank 12 at 14.
Another very great advantage of the system disclosed is that As pump P continues to run. Tanks l2 and 13 and the radiator tubes therebetween will become completely filled, provided sufficient coolant is added to tank 20. The flow capacity of the pump is greater than that of the radiator. and if it continues to runat a moderately high speed, excess coolant will be returned to tank 20 by tube 24. Thus adequate venting of tanks 12 and 13 is achieved.
However, if the pump is now stopped, or run at a very slow speed, sufficient coolant pressure in tank 12 will not be maintained and coolant from tank 13 and 12 will flow through tubes 16 and 26 into tank 20 until the coolant level in all three tubes is equalized. Air from tank 20 flows back through tube 24 to tanks 12 and 13. This is a result of the well-known characteristic of fluids tending to seek their own level.
Thus, at slow pump speeds, the radiator may be only partially full of water. The result is that when an engine is idling, a time when the greatest demand is made upon'the radiator and cooling system due to diminished air flow over the radiating elements, it is only partially full.
The subject invention avoids this serious problem. Tube 25 is added to tube 24. During the filling of the system, the subject device functions in a manner similar to that of the prior art as described above. Air from tanks 12 and 13 is vented tov tank, 20 through tubes 24 and 25 as tanks 12 and 13 fill up.
When tanks 12 and 13 are full, the coolant in tank 20 will be at a given level, for example, near the top of the tank. At high pump speeds, excess fluid will be returned to tank 20 through tubes 24 and 25. Thus tube 25 will become filled with fluid.
At low or zero pump speeds, coolant from tanks 12 and 13 cannot flow through tubes 16 and 26 into tank 20 because the coolant retained in tube 25 prevents the venting of air to tanks 12 and 13. Accordingly the system will stabilize when the level of coolant in tube 25 falls to said aforesaid level. Any additional flow of coolant from tanks 13 and 12 to tank 20 would require pulling a vacuum which the system will not do. Thus the radiator is maintained full of coolant at all times, due to utilization of tube 25, which clearly has a marked effect on the operation of the system.
We claim:
1. In a crossflow radiator system for an engine comprising a radiator with two end tanks and an expansion tank all disposed at approximately the same level, a coolant pump driven by the engine and means to direct fluid from the pump through the engine, through the radiator and end tanks, and back to the pump, the improvement which comprises a vent passage extending from adjacent an upper end of one end tank to a point and thenc tank.
2. The improvement setforth in claim 1 with a filler 5 adjacent the upper end of the expansion tank.
pout
US756854A 1968-09-03 1968-09-03 Crossflow radiator system Expired - Lifetime US3533465A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US75685468A 1968-09-03 1968-09-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3533465A true US3533465A (en) 1970-10-13

Family

ID=25045338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US756854A Expired - Lifetime US3533465A (en) 1968-09-03 1968-09-03 Crossflow radiator system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3533465A (en)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3604502A (en) * 1969-09-04 1971-09-14 Modine Mfg Co Coolant deaeration system for internal combustion engine cooled by crossflow radiator
US3623462A (en) * 1969-12-30 1971-11-30 Modine Mfg Co Radiator system for internal combustion engine
JPS5221353U (en) * 1975-08-04 1977-02-15
FR2428812A1 (en) * 1978-06-15 1980-01-11 Ferodo Sa EXPANSION VESSEL DEVICE AND WATER BOX FOR HEAT EXCHANGER SUCH AS A MOTOR VEHICLE RADIATOR
US4366858A (en) * 1979-11-16 1983-01-04 Societe Anonyme Des Usines Chausson Self-deaerating heat exchanger for engine cooling circuits
EP0075750A2 (en) * 1981-09-30 1983-04-06 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. A heater core
FR2514479A1 (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-15 Valeo LIQUID CIRCULATION HEAT EXCHANGER, ESPECIALLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE
FR2532740A1 (en) * 1982-09-03 1984-03-09 Valeo Diesel engine with radiator of cooling system circuit
EP0257111A1 (en) * 1986-08-14 1988-03-02 AURORA Konrad G. Schulz GmbH & Co Heat exchanger for the cooling circuits of combustion engines
US20030230395A1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-18 Koichi Kaiyama Vehicle air-conditioning system
US20130327511A1 (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-12 Tesla Motors, Inc. Passive air bleed for improved cooling systems
US20170038168A1 (en) * 2015-08-08 2017-02-09 Modine Manufacturing Company Indirect Gas Cooler
CN110920348A (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-27 马勒国际有限公司 Heat exchanger unit

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3604502A (en) * 1969-09-04 1971-09-14 Modine Mfg Co Coolant deaeration system for internal combustion engine cooled by crossflow radiator
US3623462A (en) * 1969-12-30 1971-11-30 Modine Mfg Co Radiator system for internal combustion engine
JPS5221353U (en) * 1975-08-04 1977-02-15
FR2428812A1 (en) * 1978-06-15 1980-01-11 Ferodo Sa EXPANSION VESSEL DEVICE AND WATER BOX FOR HEAT EXCHANGER SUCH AS A MOTOR VEHICLE RADIATOR
US4366858A (en) * 1979-11-16 1983-01-04 Societe Anonyme Des Usines Chausson Self-deaerating heat exchanger for engine cooling circuits
US4483390A (en) * 1981-09-30 1984-11-20 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Heater core of an automotive air conditioning device
EP0075750A2 (en) * 1981-09-30 1983-04-06 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. A heater core
EP0075750A3 (en) * 1981-09-30 1983-10-05 Nissan Motor Company, Limited A heater core of an automotive air conditioning device
FR2514479A1 (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-15 Valeo LIQUID CIRCULATION HEAT EXCHANGER, ESPECIALLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE
FR2532740A1 (en) * 1982-09-03 1984-03-09 Valeo Diesel engine with radiator of cooling system circuit
EP0257111A1 (en) * 1986-08-14 1988-03-02 AURORA Konrad G. Schulz GmbH & Co Heat exchanger for the cooling circuits of combustion engines
US20030230395A1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-18 Koichi Kaiyama Vehicle air-conditioning system
US20130327511A1 (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-12 Tesla Motors, Inc. Passive air bleed for improved cooling systems
US10828582B2 (en) 2012-06-06 2020-11-10 Tesla, Inc. Passive air bleed for improved cooling systems
US20170038168A1 (en) * 2015-08-08 2017-02-09 Modine Manufacturing Company Indirect Gas Cooler
US10571204B2 (en) * 2015-08-08 2020-02-25 Modine Manufacturing Company Indirect gas cooler
CN110920348A (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-27 马勒国际有限公司 Heat exchanger unit

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3533465A (en) Crossflow radiator system
US4932365A (en) System for evaporation cooling of an internal combustion engine and for operation of a heating heat exchanger by the coolant
US4346757A (en) Automotive cooling system using a non-pressurized reservoir bottle
EP0126422A2 (en) Improved cooling system for automotive engine or the like
US2343145A (en) Radiator surge tank
US3623462A (en) Radiator system for internal combustion engine
JPH0544462A (en) Evaporative cooling type internal combustion engine
US4605164A (en) Cabin heating arrangement for vehicle having evaporative cooled engine
EP0134006A1 (en) Cooling system for automotive engine or the like
US2235806A (en) Liquid and vapor heat exchanger
US2032670A (en) Cooling system for internal combustion engines
US2320889A (en) Cooling system
US1649247A (en) Cooling system for internal-combustion engines
US1674689A (en) Cooling system for internal-combustion engines and process of operating the same
US1378070A (en) Water-cooling system for internal-combustion motors
US1676961A (en) Process of and apparatus for cooling internal-combustion engines
US1625737A (en) Means and method of cooling internal-combustion engines
US1634844A (en) Cooling system for internal-combustion engines
US1678644A (en) Cooling system for internal-combustion engines
US3125868A (en) Automatic automobile radiator cooler
US1690703A (en) Engine-cooling system
US1838450A (en) Cooling system
US3068846A (en) Expansion system for engine coolant
US1632583A (en) Engine-cooling system
US2420624A (en) Boiler feed-water system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE.,ILLINOIS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., 100 N.E. ADAMS STREET, PEORIA, I

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515