US3620892A - Dimensionally stable articles and method of making same - Google Patents

Dimensionally stable articles and method of making same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3620892A
US3620892A US3620892DA US3620892A US 3620892 A US3620892 A US 3620892A US 3620892D A US3620892D A US 3620892DA US 3620892 A US3620892 A US 3620892A
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United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
multiconstituent
matrix
product
fabric
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Robert C Wincklhofer
Gene C Weedon
George H Collingwood
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Honeywell International Inc
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Allied Chemical Corp
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
    • D02G3/402—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads the adhesive being one component of the yarn, i.e. thermoplastic yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/292—Conjugate, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, fibres or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/587—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads adhesive; fusible
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/06—Processes in which the treating agent is dispersed in a gas, e.g. aerosols
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/04—Heat-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/041—Heat-responsive characteristics thermoplastic; thermosetting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/062—Load-responsive characteristics stiff, shape retention
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/01—Surface features
    • D10B2403/011—Dissimilar front and back faces
    • D10B2403/0114—Dissimilar front and back faces with one or more yarns appearing predominantly on one face, e.g. plated or paralleled yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
    • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
    • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments
    • D10B2501/043—Footwear
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
    • D10B2501/06—Details of garments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
    • D10B2503/04—Floor or wall coverings; Carpets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/08—Upholstery, mattresses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
    • Y10T428/24818—Knitted, with particular or differential bond sites or intersections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3146—Strand material is composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/444—Strand is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/609—Cross-sectional configuration of strand or fiber material is specified
    • Y10T442/611—Cross-sectional configuration of strand or fiber material is other than circular
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material

Definitions

  • Massengil ABSTRACT Dimensionally stable articles are produced from heat-treating fabric comprised of multiconstituent filaments prepared from blended fiber-forming polymeric materials having different properties, at least one of the fiber-forming polymeric materials being dispersed as discontinuous fibrils in a lower melting matrix formed by another polymeric material,
  • the article is produced by preforming the fabric, during production of the fabric itself or by subsequent operation, and heating the latter to a temperature equal to or above the melting temperature of the multiconstituent matrix material but below that of the dispersed polymeric material, for a time sufficient to impart a shape stabilized property to the multiconstituent filaments and consequently to the fabric article.
  • the multiconstituent filaments are present in the fabric as individual yarn or filament elements in combination with other materials, or are present in a mechanically blended fiber or yarn with other materials.
  • the multiconstituent fibers fuse together individually along their lengths, at their cross points, and with any other filaments or yarn having ingredients capable of melting or tacking at the heat-treating temperature.
  • multiconstituent filaments can be combined with other natural or synthetic filaments to form fabric which can be heat-treated to produce articles similar to those mentioned above yet which can utilize the properties of the various other filamentary materials to vary the final product characteristics and economics.
  • the principal object of the invention is, therefore, to provide novel fabric articles dimensionally stabilized by fusing multiconstituent filaments incorporated in the article in a mechanically blended fiber or in the form of individual filaments or yarns woven, knitted or pressed together with other filaments.
  • multiconstituent filament means filaments made by inclusion of at least one polymeric material in a matrix of another as discontinuous fibrils, the two materials having melt temperatures at least l C. apart such that fibrous structures composed thereof can be heat-treated by application of heat below the melt temperature of one and equal to or above that of the other, the entire filament composition or any component thereof optionally including any secondary material compatible with the heat-treating property of the fabric as a whole such as antioxidants and other stabilizing agents, reinforcing particles, fillers, adhesion promoting agents, fluorescent materials, dispersing agents, and others useful in polymerization, extnrding, spinning, fabric forming and shaping, heat-treating and product finishing techniques.
  • desirable properties can be built into a product that can be heat-set to provide pennanent shape retention without the aid of bonding agents while maintaining the aesthetic qualities thereof.
  • DESCRIPTION Multiconstituent filaments are produced by combining two different thermoplastic polymeric materials preferably, although not necessarily, having melting points approximately 2 5C. apart. A major amount of one of the materials is utilized as a matrix in which the other is dispersed.
  • the preferred polymeric materials are nylon 6 (50-90 parts by weight) and polyethylene terephthalate (10-50 parts by weight). The precise nature of these preferred materials and the preferred manner in which they are blended together are fully disclosed in the above cited Twilley patent and reliance on the disclosure therein is made for any details.
  • thermoplastic polymers and copolymers alone or in combination may be used such as polyamides, polysulfones, polyphenylene oxides, polycarbonates, polyesters and polyolefins, again with the matrix being present in a major amount and the higher melting dispersion being dispersed in discontinuous fibrils therein, in accordance with the blending principles established in the Twilley disclosure.
  • Polyesters and polyamides are preferably of the type disclosed in the Twilley patent.
  • Other suitable polyamides are nylon 6/6 (hexamethylene-diamine-adipic acid), nylon 6/ l0 (hexamethylene-diamine-sebacic acid) methanoland ethanol-soluble polyamide copolymers, and other substituted polyamides such as the alkoxy substituted polyamides.
  • Suitable polyolefinic materials are polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-lbutene, poly-2-butene, vpolyisobutylene, polystyrene, and similar materials.
  • useful natural fibers are: animal fur, rabbit hair, wool, worsted, vegetable fibers such as cotton, flax, linen, hemp, jute, kenaf, pineapple fiber, ramie and sisal, and mineral fibers such as asbestos, glass fibers and spun glass.
  • Modified fibers include cyanoethylated cotton, mercerized cotton and nonshrinkable wool.
  • example A is the preferred method of carrying out the invention and illustrates the generally applicable principles hereof.
  • a fiber was prepared according to example l of the above-mentioned Twilley patent, i.e., nylon 6 and polyethylene terephthalate, and 30 parts by weight respectively, were heated and blended substantially homogeneously, and spun and drawn so that the final yarn denier was 70 grams per 9000 meters. From this a textured 2 ply/70 denier/ l 6 filament yarn was made.
  • Commercially available nylon 6,6 (70/34 denier/filament) was mixed by the Taslan process to give a 33 percent by weight multiconstituent 67 percent by weight nylon 6,6 yarn which was then knitted into a l by 2 rib knit fabric.
  • the fabric was placed over a 6 inch circular hoop with a friction retaining ring and subsequently exposing the fabric to temperatures above the melting point of nylon 6 but below that of the polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the minimum fusion time was approximately l0 seconds at an optimum temperature of 240 C. within the preferred range of 230250 C.
  • the resulting data shown below in table I indicates dramatically the effects of heat-treating in terms of stiffness but without loss of fabric appearance.
  • Such dimensionally stabilized fabrics are useful in the production of wall coverings, upholstery for boats, automobiles, planes, in such apparel as and in many other applications.
  • xamp e as 223 i288 2' l 000 1 Ply N 6 70/34 ⁇ 1 x 2 rib knit (both knitted as a sin 1e end 4100 1 ply 70% Nylon 6, 30% 70/32 g 120 240 4, 600 21,000 polyester. 180 240 4, 400 21, 000 Unfused 240 15, 400) l, 950
  • multiconstituent and non-multiconstituent filaments can be employed. They can be employed as yarn ends or filaments as separate ends in the production of a fabric by known techniques. They can also be formed into a mechanically blended filament by plying two or more different ends together, paralleling two or more ends as one at takeup or coning, entangling two or more different ends either by air or elastrostatic process (either commingle or Taslan) knitting two or more different yarns as one through the same guides, core spinning one yarn with a sheath of another yarn, staple blending different fibers, texturing different ends together or by matting by known techniques.
  • elastrostatic process either commingle or Taslan
  • a fabric in another embodiment of the invention, may be knitted into a fabric having one side predominantly multicon stituent yarn and the other side a nonmulticonstituent.
  • these same materials are knitted as separate ends into a Swiss pique fabric using conventional equipment, one side of which is predominantly multiconstituent and the other nylon 6,6.
  • the same can also be done with polyethylene terephthalate or other materials having a higher melting point than the matrix material in the multiconstituent blend, or with a mechanically blended (Taslan for example) yam such as illustrated in examples A, B or C of table I above in combination with another fiber forming thermoplastic material.
  • Such fabrics are useful, for example, in the production of wrinkle resistant fabrics or permanent crease-type garments, and also may be employed in the production of garments requiring a hard or tough exterior or surface.
  • the fabric may be selectively heated where a low melting fiber or yarn is combined with the multiconstituent yarn or blended yarn to avoid fusion of the latter if maximum utilization of the properties of the nonmulticonstituent is desired.
  • heat may be carried out in a mold where only the male or female side is heated while the other is cooled or allowed to remain at a relatively lower temperature during the short period required for fusing the other side, or the fabric may be passed over a heated roll or series of rolls, one of which is heated to a temperature sufficient to fuse the multiconstituent yarn.
  • Multi-oonstituont yarn composed of 70% Ny on 6 and 30% polyester.
  • a nonwoven fibrous structure was prepared from a 50/50 staple mixture of 70/30 nylon 6- polyester blend and asbestos fibers.
  • the nonwoven structure was heated to 240 C. for 60 seconds to fuse the nylon-polyester component.
  • the fused structure had excellent strength and did not propagate flame when subjected to the above test method. Additional heating of the structure produced a hard stiff material suitable for use as panelling, etc.
  • the products of this invention may be employed above or in combination with other articles to form laminates or other types of reinforced articles and products.
  • non-extensible. 9 do 20% AC0001, 80% polyester.. Control Not fused. 13,200 1.3 134 Soft; extensible. 10 do ..do 240 120 8,200 39. 5 87 Soft on face side; pliable,
  • Fabrics H 5. The product of claim 4 where polymer forming the matrix AC0001 840-136 70/30 (Nylon 6/PET). of said multiconstituent filaments is selected from the group W136 consisting of polyolefins, polyamides and polyesters. 2/7046 70/30 Textured. 6. The product of claim 4 wherein the dispersed fibrils are Nylon 6,6 37 K? 313E533: formed from a polymer selected from the group consisting of Fabrics 15-16: polyolefins, polyamrdes, polyesters, polysulfones, polyphengsfgg x52 70/30 ylene oxides and polycarbonates. Fabrics 17-18: 7.
  • a dimensionally-stable fibrous structure comprised of a heat-treated, fusion bonded textile material; said textile material being comprised of a blend of (a) a first component of multiconstituent filaments spun from at least two different polymeric materials such that, in a given filament, a first fiberforrning polymeric material defines a matrix and a second polymeric material is dispersed therein in the form of discontinuous fibrils, said matrix comprising at least 50 percent by weight of the filament and having a lower melting point than said dispersed fibrils, and (b) a second component of fibrous material selected from the group consisting of those natural, synthetic or inorganic materials which are capable of withstanding the heat required to elevate the multiconstituent filaments to at least the melt temperature of the matrix thereof; and said textile material having been heat-treated at a temperature in the range above the melting point of the matrix but below the melting point of the dispersed fibrils such that the multiconstituent filaments thereof are set and fusion bonded at least at their cross
  • multiconstituent filaments are melt spun from at least two fiber-forming thermoplastic polymers of which said matrix-forming polymer has a melting index at least 10 C. lower than said dispersed fibrils.
  • textile material comprised of a blend of (a) a first component of multiconstituent filaments spun from at least two difierent polymeric materials such that, in a given filament, a first fiber-forming polymeric material defines a matrix and a second polymeric material is dispersed therein in the form of discontinuous fibrils, said matrix comprising at least about 50 percent by weight of the filament and having a lower melting point than said dispersed fibrils, and (b) a second component of fibrous material selected from the group consisting of those natural, synthetic or inorganic materials which are capable of withstanding the heat required to elevate the multiconstituent filaments to at least the melt temperature of the matrix thereof;
  • a method as defined by claim 12 wherein said fibrous structure is comprised of a composite yarn fonned from the filaments of both of the components (a) and (b).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
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US (3) US3620892A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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FR (2) FR2007978A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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FR2390117A1 (fr) * 1977-05-11 1978-12-08 Stevens & Co Inc J P Tissus en fil d'aramide et procede pour leur stabilisation dimensionnelle
US4211816A (en) * 1977-03-11 1980-07-08 Fiber Industries, Inc. Selfbonded nonwoven fabrics
US4292416A (en) * 1980-02-21 1981-09-29 Phillips Petroleum Co. Polymer blends
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US4479999A (en) * 1982-04-15 1984-10-30 Celanese Corporation Fabric comprised of fusible and infusible fibers, the former comprising a polymer which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase
US4500384A (en) * 1982-02-05 1985-02-19 Chisso Corporation Process for producing a non-woven fabric of hot-melt-adhered composite fibers
WO1985004835A1 (en) * 1984-04-20 1985-11-07 United Technologies Corporation Method for forming composite articles of complex shapes
US4818316A (en) * 1987-06-04 1989-04-04 Collins & Aikman Corporation Method of forming a ravel resistant warp knit elastic tape
US4894280A (en) * 1987-12-21 1990-01-16 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Flexible, tear resistant composite sheet material and a method for producing the same
EP0394954A2 (en) 1989-04-28 1990-10-31 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Strong nonwoven fabrics from engineered multiconstituent fibers
US5069970A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-12-03 Allied-Signal Inc. Fibers and filters containing said fibers
US5128197A (en) * 1988-10-17 1992-07-07 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Woven fabric made of shape memory polymer
US5260017A (en) * 1990-01-02 1993-11-09 General Electric Company Method for improved surface profile of composite structures
US5284704A (en) * 1992-01-15 1994-02-08 American Felt & Filter Company Non-woven textile articles comprising bicomponent fibers and method of manufacture
US5298320A (en) * 1987-04-10 1994-03-29 Commonwealth Sceintific And Industrial Research Organisation Non-woven material containing wool
US5305813A (en) * 1988-08-31 1994-04-26 Poole Philip J Window blinds
US5387382A (en) * 1992-02-22 1995-02-07 Firma Carl Freudenberg Method for manufacturing interior fitted part for motor vehicle
US5418035A (en) * 1991-09-12 1995-05-23 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Thermoplastic composite fabrics and formed article produced therefrom
US5593768A (en) * 1989-04-28 1997-01-14 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Nonwoven fabrics and fabric laminates from multiconstituent fibers
US5759926A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fine denier fibers and fabrics made therefrom
US6071578A (en) * 1996-04-18 2000-06-06 Price Shepshed Limited Tubular fabric and method of making the same
US6624100B1 (en) 1995-11-30 2003-09-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Microfiber nonwoven web laminates
US20040231744A1 (en) * 2001-07-17 2004-11-25 Glenn Robert Arthur Tubular fabric and method of making the same
US7032626B2 (en) 2001-07-17 2006-04-25 Price Shepshed Limited Tubular fabric and method of making the same
US20090286080A1 (en) * 2003-09-01 2009-11-19 Shigeru Nakanishi Method of manufacturing line of autohesion thread
US20110151155A1 (en) * 2009-09-03 2011-06-23 Mike He Fabric Strap with Multi-Layer Structure For Air-Cushion Effect And Uses Thereof In Underwear
US20120000251A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Items of clothing having shape memory
WO2012151408A3 (en) * 2011-05-04 2013-01-03 Nike International Ltd. Knit component bonding
US20160237602A1 (en) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-18 Highland Industries, Inc. Weft-inserted warp knit fabric
US10455885B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2019-10-29 Adidas Ag Flat weft-knitted upper for sports shoes
US10834991B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2020-11-17 Adidas Ag Shoe
US10939729B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2021-03-09 Adidas Ag Knitted shoe upper
US11044963B2 (en) 2014-02-11 2021-06-29 Adidas Ag Soccer shoe
US11589637B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2023-02-28 Adidas Ag Layered shoe upper
US11666113B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2023-06-06 Adidas Ag Shoe with knitted outer sole
US12082639B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2024-09-10 Adidas Ag Shoe upper
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Cited By (63)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3876745A (en) * 1968-02-14 1975-04-08 Vepa Ag Process for the production of a dense stitched fleece
US4211816A (en) * 1977-03-11 1980-07-08 Fiber Industries, Inc. Selfbonded nonwoven fabrics
FR2390117A1 (fr) * 1977-05-11 1978-12-08 Stevens & Co Inc J P Tissus en fil d'aramide et procede pour leur stabilisation dimensionnelle
US4143197A (en) * 1977-05-11 1979-03-06 J. P. Stevens & Co., Inc. Aramid yarn fabrics and method of dimensional stabilization of same by heat setting
US4296168A (en) * 1980-02-19 1981-10-20 Ambrose Jere B Padding sheet formed of a mixture of fibers bonded at their intersections
US4292416A (en) * 1980-02-21 1981-09-29 Phillips Petroleum Co. Polymer blends
US4500384A (en) * 1982-02-05 1985-02-19 Chisso Corporation Process for producing a non-woven fabric of hot-melt-adhered composite fibers
US4479999A (en) * 1982-04-15 1984-10-30 Celanese Corporation Fabric comprised of fusible and infusible fibers, the former comprising a polymer which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase
WO1985004835A1 (en) * 1984-04-20 1985-11-07 United Technologies Corporation Method for forming composite articles of complex shapes
US4613473A (en) * 1984-04-20 1986-09-23 United Technologies Corporation Method for forming composite articles of complex shapes
US5298320A (en) * 1987-04-10 1994-03-29 Commonwealth Sceintific And Industrial Research Organisation Non-woven material containing wool
US4818316A (en) * 1987-06-04 1989-04-04 Collins & Aikman Corporation Method of forming a ravel resistant warp knit elastic tape
US4894280A (en) * 1987-12-21 1990-01-16 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Flexible, tear resistant composite sheet material and a method for producing the same
US5305813A (en) * 1988-08-31 1994-04-26 Poole Philip J Window blinds
US5128197A (en) * 1988-10-17 1992-07-07 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Woven fabric made of shape memory polymer
US5069970A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-12-03 Allied-Signal Inc. Fibers and filters containing said fibers
US5108827A (en) * 1989-04-28 1992-04-28 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Strong nonwoven fabrics from engineered multiconstituent fibers
EP0394954A2 (en) 1989-04-28 1990-10-31 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Strong nonwoven fabrics from engineered multiconstituent fibers
US5593768A (en) * 1989-04-28 1997-01-14 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Nonwoven fabrics and fabric laminates from multiconstituent fibers
US5260017A (en) * 1990-01-02 1993-11-09 General Electric Company Method for improved surface profile of composite structures
US5418035A (en) * 1991-09-12 1995-05-23 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Thermoplastic composite fabrics and formed article produced therefrom
US5464493A (en) * 1991-09-12 1995-11-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Thermoplastic composite fabrics and formed article produced therefrom
US5284704A (en) * 1992-01-15 1994-02-08 American Felt & Filter Company Non-woven textile articles comprising bicomponent fibers and method of manufacture
US5387382A (en) * 1992-02-22 1995-02-07 Firma Carl Freudenberg Method for manufacturing interior fitted part for motor vehicle
US5759926A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fine denier fibers and fabrics made therefrom
US6624100B1 (en) 1995-11-30 2003-09-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Microfiber nonwoven web laminates
US6071578A (en) * 1996-04-18 2000-06-06 Price Shepshed Limited Tubular fabric and method of making the same
US20080163953A1 (en) * 2001-07-17 2008-07-10 Stretchline Intellectual Properties Limited Tubular fabric and method of making the same
US7347229B2 (en) 2001-07-17 2008-03-25 Stretchline Intellectual Properties Limited Tubular fabric and method of making the same
US20040231744A1 (en) * 2001-07-17 2004-11-25 Glenn Robert Arthur Tubular fabric and method of making the same
US7565919B2 (en) 2001-07-17 2009-07-28 Stretchline Intellectual Properties, Ltd. Tubular fabric and method of making the same
US7032626B2 (en) 2001-07-17 2006-04-25 Price Shepshed Limited Tubular fabric and method of making the same
US20090286080A1 (en) * 2003-09-01 2009-11-19 Shigeru Nakanishi Method of manufacturing line of autohesion thread
US20110151155A1 (en) * 2009-09-03 2011-06-23 Mike He Fabric Strap with Multi-Layer Structure For Air-Cushion Effect And Uses Thereof In Underwear
US9222203B2 (en) * 2010-06-30 2015-12-29 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Items of clothing having shape memory
US20120000251A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Items of clothing having shape memory
US9150986B2 (en) 2011-05-04 2015-10-06 Nike, Inc. Knit component bonding
US11155942B2 (en) 2011-05-04 2021-10-26 Nike, Inc. Knit component bonding
US10094053B2 (en) 2011-05-04 2018-10-09 Nike, Inc. Knit component bonding
US11692289B2 (en) 2011-05-04 2023-07-04 Nike, Inc. Knit component bonding
WO2012151408A3 (en) * 2011-05-04 2013-01-03 Nike International Ltd. Knit component bonding
US11203823B2 (en) 2011-05-04 2021-12-21 Nike, Inc. Knit component bonding
US11155943B2 (en) 2011-05-04 2021-10-26 Nike, Inc. Knit component bonding
US12268271B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2025-04-08 Adidas Ag Shoe upper
US12082639B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2024-09-10 Adidas Ag Shoe upper
US11666113B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2023-06-06 Adidas Ag Shoe with knitted outer sole
US12250994B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2025-03-18 Adidas Ag Shoe
US11116275B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2021-09-14 Adidas Ag Shoe
US10939729B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2021-03-09 Adidas Ag Knitted shoe upper
US11129433B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2021-09-28 Adidas Ag Shoe
US11589637B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2023-02-28 Adidas Ag Layered shoe upper
US10834992B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2020-11-17 Adidas Ag Shoe
US11678712B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2023-06-20 Adidas Ag Shoe
US10834991B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2020-11-17 Adidas Ag Shoe
US12376647B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2025-08-05 Adidas Ag Knitted shoe upper
US11896083B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2024-02-13 Adidas Ag Knitted shoe upper
US11044963B2 (en) 2014-02-11 2021-06-29 Adidas Ag Soccer shoe
US12369675B2 (en) 2014-02-11 2025-07-29 Adidas Ag Soccer shoe
US11272754B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2022-03-15 Adidas Ag Flat weft-knitted upper for sports shoes
US12220017B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2025-02-11 Adidas Ag Flat weft-knitted upper for sports shoes
US10455885B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2019-10-29 Adidas Ag Flat weft-knitted upper for sports shoes
US11849796B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2023-12-26 Adidas Ag Flat weft-knitted upper for sports shoes
US20160237602A1 (en) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-18 Highland Industries, Inc. Weft-inserted warp knit fabric

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2046269A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-03-05
BE732600A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-06
FR2007978A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-01-16
NL7005790A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-11-02
DE1922803A1 (de) 1970-02-05
CH699069D (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01
US3618141A (en) 1971-11-09
DE2018762A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-11-12
NL6906927A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-11
US3616149A (en) 1971-10-26
BE749387R (fr) 1970-10-01

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