US3601227A - Emergency brake control system for elevators - Google Patents

Emergency brake control system for elevators Download PDF

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Publication number
US3601227A
US3601227A US46165A US3601227DA US3601227A US 3601227 A US3601227 A US 3601227A US 46165 A US46165 A US 46165A US 3601227D A US3601227D A US 3601227DA US 3601227 A US3601227 A US 3601227A
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United States
Prior art keywords
generator
car
actuator
brake
voltage
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US46165A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arthur R Burch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doosan Bobcat North America Inc
Original Assignee
Clark Equipment Co
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3601227A publication Critical patent/US3601227A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B66B5/20—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by means of rotatable eccentrically-mounted members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/04—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
    • B66B5/06—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed electrical

Definitions

  • Norton and Lewis J Lamm ABSTRACT Anem ergency brake control system for elevator cars is disclosed.
  • the system is adapted to be carried in its entirety on the elevator car and requires no external source of energization.
  • An electrical generator is operatively connected between the elevator car and frame for developing a voltage corresponding to the speed of the car.
  • Control means is connected to the generator and is responsive to a predetermined voltage for applying brakes to the car.
  • a permanent magnet direct current generator is used with a control means including a unidirectionally conductive voltage responsive device such as a silicon controlled rectifier so that the brakes are a plied only when the polarity of the generator voltage corresponds to downward travel of the elevator car.
  • an emergency brake control system for elevators which is operable independently of the lift cable and drive train for the elevator car. It requires no external source of energization and it may be carried in its entirely on the elevator car. This is accomplished by an electrical generator operatively connected between the elevator car and frame for developing an electrical quantity corresponding to the speed of the car. Control means is connected to the generator and is responsive to a predetermined value of the electrical quantity for applying brake means to the car.
  • the brake control system may be carried entirely on the elevator car and be entirely self-energizing. This is accomplished by a permanent magnet direct current generator which develops a voltage magnitude corresponding to the speed of the car and the control means, responsive to a predetermined voltage magnitude, is effective to connect the generator to the brake applying means.
  • the brake control system is operable for only one direction of travel. This is accomplished by control means which includes a unidirectionallyconductive and voltage-responsive device which is poled relative to the generator so that the brake-applying means is energizedthrough the control means only when the generator voltage has a polarity corresponding to the downward travel of the elevator car.
  • the brake- .applying means may utilize the potential energy of a compressed spring or the like under the control of an electrically operated trigger device or release mechanism.
  • a keeper means retaining a brake shoe disengaged from the elevator guide track, retractor means connected therewith an an electrical actuator connected with the retractor for operation thereof to initiate engagement of the brake shoe.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an elevator including the inventive emergency brake control system
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of the brake and the actuator therefor
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of construction of the brake
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control circuit for the emergency brake.
  • an illustrative embodiment of the invention in an emergency brake control system for an elevator of the type which is adapted primarily for cargo handling.
  • the elevator is adapted for use in an automatic warehouse system of the type using a stacker vehicle operative in one or more aisles between arrays of storage bins.
  • a stacker vehicle with a cargo elevator thereon is adapted for high-speed operation under automatic control in a substantially unattended manner.
  • this invention may also be used with other types of elevators to provide a safety brake in the event of either control system or mechanical failure thereof.
  • an elevator including a car 10 movable vertically within an elevator frame including guide tracks-12 and 14 at opposite sides of the car.
  • Lift means for the car include a drive chain 16 which is drivingly connected through a drive train to a hoist motor not shown.
  • the emergency brake control system for the elevator includes an electrical speed sensing means including an electrical generator 18 mounted by its stator on the car 10.
  • the rotor of the generator 18 is provided with a pinion gear 20 on its shaft and meshing with a rack gear 22 on the flangeof the guide track 14. It is apparent that the rotor of the generator 18 is driven at a speed and in a direction which corresponds to the vertical speed and direction of the car 10.
  • the generator 18 is preferably a direct current generator with a permanent magnet field and produces an output voltage magnitude corresponding to the speed of rotation with a polarity corresponding to the direction of rotation.
  • a DC generator which exhibits a substantially linear variation in output voltage as a function of rotational speed over the range of speeds of interest for the emergency braking system.
  • the generator may advantageously employ a permanent magnet rotor and a stator winding having a rectifier connected therewith, thus avoiding the use of a commutator or brushes and slip rings. 7
  • the elevator is provided with brake means adapted upon actuation or energization thereof to bring the car 10 to a stop relative to the frame of the elevator.
  • the brake means includes a brake 24 on one side of the car and a brake 26 on the other side of the car.
  • the brakes 24 and 26 are identical to each other and are mounted at opposite ends of a support beam 28 which extends beneath the floor of the car 10 and is adapted to support the same during emergency braking.
  • the brake 24 is supported from the support beam 28'by depending flange 30 secured to the end thereof with'suitable clearance from the.
  • the brake includes a pair of brakeshoes 32 and 34 which are pivotally mounted on the flange 30 by respective pivot pins 36 and 38.
  • the brakeshoes are provided at their lower outer edges with serrated side surfaces 40 and 42, respectively, which are adapted to engage the inner surfaces of the flanges of the guide track 14 when the shoes are spread apart.
  • a spreader spring 44 is disposed between the brake shoes 32 and 34 and has its opposite ends seated therein. The spreader spring 44: when compressed to the extend where the brakeshoes are parallel to each other stores sufficient potential energy for actuation of the brakeshoes into engagement with guide track with sufficient force that the serrated surfaces tend to bite into the metal of the track.
  • the brake shoes 32 and 34 are retaining in parallel position as shown in FIG. 3 with the spring 44 compressed by means of a keeper 46.
  • the keeper 46 comprises a bar 48 extending parallel to the support beam 28 and provided with a pair of laterally spaced pins 50 and 52 with the outer ends thereof extending into keeper holes 54 and 56, respectively, in the brake shoes 32 and 34.
  • the bar 48 of the keeper is provided at its inner end with an offset rack gear 58.
  • the rack gear 58 meshes with a pinion gear 60 which is rotatably mounted on a fixed shaft 62.
  • the bar 48 and hence the rack gear 58 is urged laterally in a direction to retract pins 50 and 52 from the brakeshoes 32 and 34 by a stretched spring 64 extending between the bar 48 and an anchor point on the support beam 28.
  • the bar 48 is restrained against movement by a latch 80 which will be described subsequently.
  • the brake 26 is of the same construction as brake 24 and comprises a pair of brakeshoes 66 and 68.
  • the brakeshoes 66 and 68 are held in the position shown in the guide track 12 by a keeper 70 which comprises a bar 72 provided at its outer end with a pair of pins 74 and 76 which extend into keeper holes in the brakeshoes.
  • the bar 72 is provided at its inner end an offset rack gear 78 which meshes with the pinion gear 60.
  • Keepers 46 and 70 for the brakes 24 and 26 are retained in the position shown in FIG. 2 against the force of spring 64 by a locking detent or latch 80 which includes a shaft 82 rotatably mounted in fixed position and provided at its free end with a diametral flat 84 forming a half shaft 86.
  • the bar 48 at the portion opposite the rack gear 58 is provided with a notch 88 having a transverse straight side and arcuate side into which the half shaft 86 is seated.
  • the half shaft 86 is effective to restrain motion of the keeper 46 against the force of the spring 64 so long as the diametral flat portion thereof is retained in abutment with the flat side of the notch 88.
  • a latch arm 90 fixedly'secured thereto and extending in a radial direction.
  • the latch arm 90 is long relative to the distance between the center of the shaft 82 and the point at which the back edge of the bar 48 engages the diametral flat 84. This relationship pro vides the desired mechanical advantage which permits a small force acting at the end of the latch arm 90 to overcome the large force of the spring 64.
  • the actuator further includes electrical operating means which takes the form of an electromagnet or solenoid 92 having a reciprocable armature 94 which terminates in a fork 96 adapted to straddle the latch lever 90 and retain it in position.
  • electrical operating means takes the form of an electromagnet or solenoid 92 having a reciprocable armature 94 which terminates in a fork 96 adapted to straddle the latch lever 90 and retain it in position.
  • the spring 64 pulls the bar 48 and the rack gear 58 to the right causing the half shaft 86 to rotate counterclockwise without substantial re sistance to an annular position affording ample clearance for the translation of the rack gear 58 in the direction to retract the pins 50 and 52 from the brakeshoes 32 and 34.
  • This motion of the rack gear 58 causes the pinion gear 60 to rotate and thereby drive the rack gear 78 in a direction to retract the pins 74 and 76 from the brakeshoes 66 and 68, respectively.
  • the brakes 24 and 26 are ap- I plied by the respective spreader springs into engagement with the guide tracks to bring the elevator car to a stop.
  • the control circuit includes the generator 18 and the electromagnet or solenoid 92 for energization thereby under the control of voltage responsive means 100.
  • the voltage-responsive means includes a siliconcontrolled rectifier 102 having its anode connected to the positive terminal of the generator 18 and its cathode connected to one terminal of the electromagnet 92. The negative terminal of the generator is connected directly to the other terminal of the solenoid 92.
  • the silicon-controlled rectifier has its gate connected to a bias circuit, including voltage divider resistors 104 and 106, connected in parallel with the anode-to-cathode circuit of the silicon-controlled rectifier.
  • resistors 104 and 106 are selected so that the ratio thereof produces a voltage at the gate of the silicon-controlled rectifier relative to the cathode which is sufficient to switch the controlled rectifier on at a value of generator volt- J 4 age which corresponds to the value of overspeed of the elevator car at which the emergency brakes 24 and 26 are to be applied.
  • the upward motion of the car 10 will cause rotation of the rotor of the generator 18 in a direction which will produce a direct voltage having a negative polarity at the anode of the siliconcontrolled rectifier 102. Accordingly,the upward motion of the elevator at any speed within its operating range will not cause the control circuit 100 to respond and the emergency brake system will be immune to such generator voltage. With the elevator 10 moving in a downward direction the generator 18 will generate a direct voltage of positive polarity at the anode of the silicon-controlled rectifier 102 as indicated in FIG. 4.
  • An emergency brake control system for an elevator car movable relative to a frame, anelectric generator adapted to be operatively connected between the car and the frame for developing an electrical quantity corresponding to the speed of said car, brake means for said car including a brake actuator, and control means connected between said brake actuator and said generator and being responsive to a predetermined value of said electrical quantity for applying said brake means.
  • control means comprises a controlled rectifierv with its anode and cathode connected serially between the generator and the actuator and having its gate connected through voltage dividing means to said generator, said controlled rectifier being poled to conduct in a forward direction when said car reaches a predetermined overspeed in the downward direction.
  • control means includes unidirectionally conductive means and voltage-responsive means for connection of said generator to said actuator.
  • said actuator comprises keeper means engaging said brakeshoe and retaining it in disengaged position, retractor means connected with said keeper means and a solenoid connected with said retractor means for operation thereof to initiate engagement of said brakeshoe with said frame member.
  • said actuator means comprises a spring-loaded operating means for causing engagement of said brake means and a solenoid actuated release means connected between said generator and said operating means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
US46165A 1970-06-15 1970-06-15 Emergency brake control system for elevators Expired - Lifetime US3601227A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US4616570A 1970-06-15 1970-06-15

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US3601227A true US3601227A (en) 1971-08-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US46165A Expired - Lifetime US3601227A (en) 1970-06-15 1970-06-15 Emergency brake control system for elevators

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US (1) US3601227A (de)
CA (1) CA920249A (de)
DE (1) DE2128662A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2096313A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1300498A (de)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3740635A (en) * 1971-10-05 1973-06-19 Kenway Eng Inc Overspeed sensor for safety brake system
US3835959A (en) * 1973-04-02 1974-09-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Elevator system
US3942607A (en) * 1974-09-06 1976-03-09 Dane Sobat Elevator safety brake
US4050551A (en) * 1974-08-28 1977-09-27 U.S. Philips Corporation Device for braking a counterweight in an x-ray examining apparatus
US5083634A (en) * 1990-05-09 1992-01-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Safety device for elevator
US5093388A (en) * 1989-03-28 1992-03-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Very high friction eleastomer formulation for use in static braking applications
US5209325A (en) * 1991-04-12 1993-05-11 Eaton-Kenway, Inc. Braking apparatus and method for storage and retrieval vehicles
US5322144A (en) * 1990-07-18 1994-06-21 Otis Elevator Company Active control of elevator platform
US5366045A (en) * 1993-09-03 1994-11-22 Eaton Corporation Brake mechanism for a storage and retrieval vehicle
US5386889A (en) * 1993-08-04 1995-02-07 Eaton-Kenway, Inc. Brake mechanism for a storage and retrieval vehicle
US5393941A (en) * 1992-06-23 1995-02-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Controller for ropeless elevator
US6981575B2 (en) * 1999-09-27 2006-01-03 Otis Elevator Company Concrete rail safety device for an elevator car
US20060151255A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-07-13 Wildeck, Inc. Vertical reciprocating conveyor
ES2296471A1 (es) * 2005-10-18 2008-04-16 Fco Javier Porras Villar Freno autonomo de seguridad para ascensores.
DE202008015472U1 (de) * 2008-07-25 2010-04-08 Sperian Fall Protection Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektronisch gesteuerte Fangeinrichtung für ein Steigschutzsystem
US20130248296A1 (en) * 2010-12-17 2013-09-26 Inventio Ag Elevator installation with car and counterweight
CN109081279A (zh) * 2018-09-12 2018-12-25 珠海格力智能装备有限公司 锁紧机构及具有其的载货结构

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MY118747A (en) 1995-11-08 2005-01-31 Inventio Ag Method and device for increased safety in elevators
RU2655444C1 (ru) 2017-09-11 2018-05-29 Акционерное общество "Управляющая компания "Биохимического холдинга "Оргхим" Способ выделения фитостеринов из таллового пека
CN107827051B (zh) * 2017-11-29 2024-03-29 无锡中鼎集成技术有限公司 一种用于堆垛机的载货台刹车机构

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1171243A (en) * 1915-06-19 1916-02-08 Prokop Jack Prokop Elevator safety device.
US1209099A (en) * 1915-08-30 1916-12-19 Richard Wunning Safety elevator attachment.
US3334287A (en) * 1963-07-05 1967-08-01 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Anti-slip relay for hoist control

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1171243A (en) * 1915-06-19 1916-02-08 Prokop Jack Prokop Elevator safety device.
US1209099A (en) * 1915-08-30 1916-12-19 Richard Wunning Safety elevator attachment.
US3334287A (en) * 1963-07-05 1967-08-01 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Anti-slip relay for hoist control

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3740635A (en) * 1971-10-05 1973-06-19 Kenway Eng Inc Overspeed sensor for safety brake system
US3835959A (en) * 1973-04-02 1974-09-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Elevator system
US4050551A (en) * 1974-08-28 1977-09-27 U.S. Philips Corporation Device for braking a counterweight in an x-ray examining apparatus
US3942607A (en) * 1974-09-06 1976-03-09 Dane Sobat Elevator safety brake
US5093388A (en) * 1989-03-28 1992-03-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Very high friction eleastomer formulation for use in static braking applications
US5083634A (en) * 1990-05-09 1992-01-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Safety device for elevator
US5322144A (en) * 1990-07-18 1994-06-21 Otis Elevator Company Active control of elevator platform
US5439075A (en) * 1990-07-18 1995-08-08 Otis Elevator Company Elevator active suspension system
US5209325A (en) * 1991-04-12 1993-05-11 Eaton-Kenway, Inc. Braking apparatus and method for storage and retrieval vehicles
US5393941A (en) * 1992-06-23 1995-02-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Controller for ropeless elevator
US5386889A (en) * 1993-08-04 1995-02-07 Eaton-Kenway, Inc. Brake mechanism for a storage and retrieval vehicle
US5366045A (en) * 1993-09-03 1994-11-22 Eaton Corporation Brake mechanism for a storage and retrieval vehicle
US6981575B2 (en) * 1999-09-27 2006-01-03 Otis Elevator Company Concrete rail safety device for an elevator car
US20060151255A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-07-13 Wildeck, Inc. Vertical reciprocating conveyor
ES2296471A1 (es) * 2005-10-18 2008-04-16 Fco Javier Porras Villar Freno autonomo de seguridad para ascensores.
DE202008015472U1 (de) * 2008-07-25 2010-04-08 Sperian Fall Protection Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektronisch gesteuerte Fangeinrichtung für ein Steigschutzsystem
US20130248296A1 (en) * 2010-12-17 2013-09-26 Inventio Ag Elevator installation with car and counterweight
US9309091B2 (en) * 2010-12-17 2016-04-12 Inventio Ag Elevator installation with car and counterweight
CN109081279A (zh) * 2018-09-12 2018-12-25 珠海格力智能装备有限公司 锁紧机构及具有其的载货结构
CN109081279B (zh) * 2018-09-12 2024-04-02 珠海格力智能装备有限公司 锁紧机构及具有其的载货结构

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Publication number Publication date
DE2128662A1 (de) 1971-12-23
CA920249A (en) 1973-01-30
GB1300498A (en) 1972-12-20
FR2096313A5 (de) 1972-02-11

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