US3599708A - Bottom pouring apparatus for steel ingots - Google Patents

Bottom pouring apparatus for steel ingots Download PDF

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Publication number
US3599708A
US3599708A US749173A US3599708DA US3599708A US 3599708 A US3599708 A US 3599708A US 749173 A US749173 A US 749173A US 3599708D A US3599708D A US 3599708DA US 3599708 A US3599708 A US 3599708A
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United States
Prior art keywords
runner
molten metal
opening
sensing
mold assembly
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Expired - Lifetime
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US749173A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kazuro Suzuki
Mitsuo Oda
Takao Suzuki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Steel Corp
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
    • B22D35/045—Runner base plates for bottom casting ingots

Definitions

  • B22d4l/08 ing molds filled with molten metal are moved on a board the [50] Field of 249/109; surface of which blocks molten metal for steel ingots, but per- 164/154156, 337, 66, 119, 136, 133, 322; mits the flow of the metal, said molten metal runner routes 141/198, 283, 374 being reusable.
  • PATENTED AUG! 71971 sum 3 [IF 4 IV I v/jlu s I K mm M T m kw VO m kum w mt A MT mu BOTTOM POURING APPARATUS FOR STEEL INGOTS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION-
  • the present invention relates'to an economical bottom casting method and the construction of an apparatus for making ingots in steel production.
  • the bottom casting method for simultaneously making a plurality of steel ingots by means of a guide tube comprises building a'series of molten metal runner routes branching from a guide tube with each route leading to a steel ingot mold. With this method the casting speed is slower than with the top casting method but the molten metal rises up inside the mold smoothly without splashing, so a fine texture is obtained making this method suitable for the mass production of steel ingots. It is a well known fact that, in the bottom casting method, the principal operation is to form the molten metal runner routes, which constitute the main portion of the apparatus.
  • the routes reaching the steel ingot molds 9 positioned on the small board are formed by bonding with mortar miscellaneous kinds refractories such as sprues 1, guide tube bricks 2, center brick 3, runner bricks 4 radially branching from center brick 3 and reaching the sliding board, and board bricks 6 etc. and also connecting them on the board 7. Therefore, so-called mold setting and breaking operations are required. That is, it is necessary to assemble a series of ingot making apparatuses by constructing molten metal guide routes with a plurality of bricks miscellaneous shapes and to break up or separate these runner routes after casting and taking out ingots and steel scraps in the runner routes.
  • This invention is based on the inventors observation that it was i the existence of excess molten metal, deposited and solidified in the runner routes after casting, blocking and occupying said runner routes which made it impossible to reuse the molten metal runner routes and the inventors discovery that said excess metal could be removed, without damaging the routes, if in molten condition.
  • This invention was completed after experiments proved that these refractories in the runner routes, even normal quality refractories like for example, chamotte bricks were damaged surprisingly little if the time of contact with molten metal was short.
  • This invention is characterized in that steel ingots are obtained by pouring molten metal in the casting molds then blocking the molten metal runner bores in the bottom of the molds with the refractories, care being taken to insure that any excess of molten other than that desired in the ingots is thoroughly discharged out of the apparatus prior to its solidification and does not remain in the molten metal runner routes.
  • the first object of this invention is, therefore, to provide a method for casting steel ingots which makes it possible to use the molten metal runner routes repeatedly and to decrease remarkably the work of mold setting and breaking.
  • An other object of this invention is to construct the molten metal runner routes so as to be reusable by means of the improved bottom casting method as described above and thereby to decrease the refractory consumption and to decrease remarkably the quantity of refractories required.
  • Another object of this invention is to collect all the excess molten metal, other than that to be made into steel ingots, in the molten state without degrading the quality and return said excess metal to the furnace to improve the ingot yield.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially cut front elevation showing the ingot making apparatus of the conventional bottom casting method.
  • FIG. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 show the construction of the ingot making apparatus according to the bottom casting method of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially cut front elevation of the apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the apparatus taken from III-line of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the sliding board.
  • FIG. 5 is a partially cut front elevation of the apparatus showing how to block molten metal.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the other shape of refractory of the sliding board.
  • FIG. 7 is the plan of the sliding board with a different shape.
  • FIG. 8 is a side view showing the cross section taken along VIII-VIiI line of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a drawing illustrating the bottom casting apparatus and the automatic operation related thereto of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 8 is a guide tube
  • 9 is a steel ingot mold
  • 10 is a sliding board.
  • the position of these members on the board 7 and also the disposition of the molten metal runner routes, (the conventional small board 10 according to FIG. 1) are similar to those of the conventional method, but the sliding board, runner routes and molten metal discharge section differ in construction from the conventional ones.
  • an elliptical or circular sliding board refractory is provided in the center of sliding board 10 with sliding board bore 11 forming the vertical molten metal runner route reaching steel ingot mold 9.
  • Said sliding board bore 11 does not go beyond the center pint on the longer axis on one side of the sliding board refractory 12 of the bottom surface of which is in the same horizontal plane as the bottom surface 13 of sliding board 10.
  • the molten metal runner route in the runner section passing from the sliding board bore 11 to the guide tube 8 is constructed to back up the runner refractory l4, and slopes evenly in the direction of the guide tube.
  • the insulating refractory 16 of the board 7, and also the top surface of the runner refractory 14 forming the runner bore 17, which serves as the molten metal runner route connected to the sliding board 11, and the top surface of said back up refractory 16 are all in the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the board 7.
  • the molten metal route is constructed in the same way as mentioned above, with the guide tube refractory l8 and the insulating refractory I6 backing up said surface 18.
  • the molten metal discharge section is provided just under the guide tube 8 from which branches a plurality of runner routes. It is comprised of the discharge port 17 and the nozzle brick 20 connected thereto, and the stopper head brick 22 for opening and closing the nozzle 21 by engaging with the lower end of the nozzle brick 20, and the opening and closing device of molten metal discharging port 23 holding the stopper head brick 22, said nozzle brick 20 and stopper head brick 22 both being replaceably secured to the bottom portion of the board 7 and the opening and closing device of discharging port 23.
  • the same bricks as are commonlyused for the steel making ladle are generally used for the nozzle brick 20 and the stopper head brick 22.
  • the back up refractory 16 is preferably formed by building up or pouring in the refractorymaterial which is adiabatic and withstands the compressive stress.
  • the molten metal runner routes may be formed by first assembling series of molten metal runner routes from the guide tube sprue section to the runner bore 17 in the guide tube case or in the board groove by means of resin pipes-or vinyl pipes, then building up or pouring in unshaped refractory material, and finally melting away or burning said pipes after hardening of said material.
  • the mold setting work will be completed by providing the sliding board 10 on the board 7 uniting the runner bore 17 and the sliding board bore 11 by means of the pusher 24, then placing the steel ingot molds in position and at the same time attaching the nozzle brick 20 and stopper head brick 22 and closing the nozzle 21 by means of the discharging port device 23.
  • the sliding board 10 loaded with ingot molds 9 filled with molten metal is slide along on the board 7 a distance not less than the diameter of the bore 11 by means of a proper pusher means such as oil pressure, etc.
  • FIG. shows sliding board 10 after sliding along the board 7 after casting.
  • the molten metal is divided into molten metal a inside the ingot mold and molten metal b inside the runner route on the contacting surface of the sliding board bore 11 and the runner bore 17 by means of the bottom surface 13 of the sliding board refractory 12, said molten metal a and b being retained with the refractories l2 and 16 dividing and blocking them.
  • the molten metal from the upper portion in the runner bore 17 is thermally insulated by the bottom surface 13 of the sliding board refractory as a result of the shifting of the bore 17 to the position shown by the imaginary lines in FIG. 4 so said molten does not cool and solidified.
  • the refractories are not damaged by the weight because the sliding board, including the steel ingots, is supported by the metal portion of the board.
  • the amount of refractories used is reduced to the minimum because the refractories are in contact with the molten metal only a short time since the molten metal is blocked from contact with the refractories by the pusher after completion of casting and the stopper is released rapidly; accordingly very few refractories are damaged and they can be reused many times, until they must be scrapped because of cracks, wear and tear, and erosion.
  • refractories other than those of the sliding board need not be replaced for each charge, and as the nozzle and stopper are of replaceable construction, they can be easily replaced when they are worn out.
  • FIG. 6 shows a modified sliding board refractory 12', the shape of which is concentric with the sliding board bore 12 as illustrated, comprising a circular refractory with a diameter about 2.5 times that of said bore. SAid modification is used in case the direction of the movement of the sliding board is not fixed.
  • FIG. 7 shows a sliding board 10' simultaneously operating a set of sliding boards by means of a single action of the pusher 24, and the molten metal runner routes 34a are received in a boxlike structure 33 provided under the board 7.
  • the center guide tube and the portions of the board 7 correspond respectively to the runner routes reaching the casting molds, which are provided equidistant from said center guide tube. Also, the casting molds are open.
  • the openings 34 are covered by the cover 35 after the molten metal runner routes are set inside the boxlike structure with these openings.
  • the annular sliding board 10 carrying a plurality of casting molds is provided with bores 29 into each of which a sliding board refractory 12 is inserted at a position corresponding to the open position of the runner bore 17 of the board 7, which construction the molten metal contained in the plurality of casting molds on the sliding board 10' is simultaneously locked by means of the operation of the pusher 24.
  • the interlocking mechanism which makes it possible to carry out in a short time the operation commencing from the starting motion of the sliding board 10 loaded with casting molds 9 filled with molten metal after completion of casting and ending with the opening of the discharging port device 23 closing the molten metal discharge nozzle 21 is shown in FIG. 9. Namely, the low voltage contacts, casting completion feeler, 27 in the cavity 9 of the mold 9 are connected in series and are guided into fixed positions on the hot top case 26.
  • the bottom casting apparatus of this invention including eight molds as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 and the interlocking mechanism shown in FIG. 9 the representative results of casting 2.4 t-carbon steel (O.20.4 percent C.) and 5.6 1 low alloy steel were that the runner bricks 14 and the guide tube bricks 18 could be reused onaverage of 23 times, while the sliding board refractory 12 was replaced after each charge and the stopper head refractory 22 and the nozzle refractory 20 were replaced after several charges.
  • FIG. 9 shows an electrically operated one, but any other mechanism which can be conceived by those in the art is to be included within the scope ofthis invention.
  • An apparatus for bottom pouring steel ingots comprising, in combination: 1 v
  • a support having a horizontally extending surface and being formed with an upwardly open orifice in said surface;
  • runner means extending from said orifice obliquely downward and connecting said orifice with said fountain;
  • a mold assembly including a bottom plate member slidably supported on said surface, said mold assembly defining a mold cavity, and said plate member being formed with an opening therethrough communicating with said cavity;
  • operating means for moving said mold assembly between a position in which said opening and said orifices are aligned for flow of molten metal from said fountain to said cavity and a position in which said opening is sealed by said surfaces.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
US749173A 1967-08-04 1968-07-31 Bottom pouring apparatus for steel ingots Expired - Lifetime US3599708A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5002567 1967-08-04

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US3599708A true US3599708A (en) 1971-08-17

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US (1) US3599708A (fr)
DE (2) DE1758761C3 (fr)
GB (1) GB1231867A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4076070A (en) * 1974-10-09 1978-02-28 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Low-pressure diecasting machine
FR2445192A1 (fr) * 1978-12-27 1980-07-25 Dyson Refractories Elements refractaires creux pour installation de coulee en source
US5253848A (en) * 1992-06-12 1993-10-19 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Valve for molten metal conduit
US6223806B1 (en) * 1999-04-08 2001-05-01 Sumitomo Metal Ind Apparatus and method for bottom casting of molten steel
CN112091187A (zh) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-18 帅翼驰(河南)新材料科技有限公司 一种铝锭连铸生产线浇铸装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT78258B (de) * 1917-08-07 1919-09-10 Adolf Neumaier Vorrichtung für steigenden Guß von Blöcken und Brammen.
GB972510A (en) * 1962-04-06 1964-10-14 Sylvester Edmund Quincy Method of casting metal members
US3262164A (en) * 1963-06-14 1966-07-26 Amsted Ind Inc Mold assembly
US3296665A (en) * 1963-10-29 1967-01-10 Amsted Ind Inc Cut-off for split mold
US3353586A (en) * 1964-10-28 1967-11-21 Amsted Ind Inc Height control for molten metal in mold riser
US3443629A (en) * 1966-07-18 1969-05-13 Amsted Ind Inc Apparatus for casting metal articles
US3467167A (en) * 1966-09-19 1969-09-16 Kaiser Ind Corp Process for continuously casting oxidizable metals

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT78258B (de) * 1917-08-07 1919-09-10 Adolf Neumaier Vorrichtung für steigenden Guß von Blöcken und Brammen.
GB972510A (en) * 1962-04-06 1964-10-14 Sylvester Edmund Quincy Method of casting metal members
US3262164A (en) * 1963-06-14 1966-07-26 Amsted Ind Inc Mold assembly
US3296665A (en) * 1963-10-29 1967-01-10 Amsted Ind Inc Cut-off for split mold
US3353586A (en) * 1964-10-28 1967-11-21 Amsted Ind Inc Height control for molten metal in mold riser
US3443629A (en) * 1966-07-18 1969-05-13 Amsted Ind Inc Apparatus for casting metal articles
US3467167A (en) * 1966-09-19 1969-09-16 Kaiser Ind Corp Process for continuously casting oxidizable metals

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4076070A (en) * 1974-10-09 1978-02-28 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Low-pressure diecasting machine
FR2445192A1 (fr) * 1978-12-27 1980-07-25 Dyson Refractories Elements refractaires creux pour installation de coulee en source
US4356994A (en) * 1978-12-27 1982-11-02 Dyson Refractories Limited Holloware for uphill teeming
US5253848A (en) * 1992-06-12 1993-10-19 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Valve for molten metal conduit
US6223806B1 (en) * 1999-04-08 2001-05-01 Sumitomo Metal Ind Apparatus and method for bottom casting of molten steel
CN112091187A (zh) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-18 帅翼驰(河南)新材料科技有限公司 一种铝锭连铸生产线浇铸装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1231867A (fr) 1971-05-12
DE1758761A1 (de) 1971-03-11
DE1758761C3 (de) 1975-12-18
DE1758761B2 (de) 1975-05-07
DE6600169U (de) 1969-01-09

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