US3598376A - Plant for drying, firing and stacking bricks - Google Patents

Plant for drying, firing and stacking bricks Download PDF

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Publication number
US3598376A
US3598376A US853406A US3598376DA US3598376A US 3598376 A US3598376 A US 3598376A US 853406 A US853406 A US 853406A US 3598376D A US3598376D A US 3598376DA US 3598376 A US3598376 A US 3598376A
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Prior art keywords
bricks
plant
hearth
drying
firing
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Enrico Putin
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/28—Slip casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/30—Drying methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F27B9/021—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces having two or more parallel tracks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
    • F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/32—Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
    • F27D13/005—Drying of green clay prior to baking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0021—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of ceramic ware
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0001—Positioning the charge
    • F27D2003/0018—Positioning the charge comprising means to introduce or extract the charge in series of separate containers or zones
    • F27D2003/0019—Positioning the charge comprising means to introduce or extract the charge in series of separate containers or zones simultaneously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0042—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising roller trains
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0046—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising one or more movable arms, e.g. forks
    • F27D2003/0048—Walking beams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0085—Movement of the container or support of the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0093—Movement on a slope
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots

Definitions

  • An automatic plant is provided for the continuous drying, firing and stacking of bricks and the like.
  • the plant includes a tunnel.
  • the drying of the material takes place in a first section of the plant in several stages with the bricks to be dried being spaced apart and subsequently reassembled. Then the bricks are moved through a next section in which they are superimposed and may be reassembled again. This movement takes place at a variable speed to compensate for any temporary stoppages in the working cycle.
  • the bricks enter into a firing kiln. From there, they move to a discharge surface upon which stacks of bricks are formed.
  • An object of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks of prior art plants.
  • the present invention provides a continuous automatic plant capable of any quantity of production for any quality of clay, providing a maximum yield in that it recovers for the drying process some of the heat from the firing kiln, but above all, retaining the thermal energy absorbed by the material in the process of drying, as preheating thereof before the firing.
  • the plant of the present invention comprises a tunnel, in the first part of which the drying of the material begins,'followed by a period in which the material advances with a variable speed, as required, to complete the drying, said unit also acting as reservoir to compensate for any temporary stoppages in any part of the working cycle, and followed by the firing kiln itself, from which the material issues to be carried to a discharge surface on which stacks of bricks are prepared, thus constituting a completely automatic plant which requires practically no labor except for supervising the operation of the plant.
  • Another basic feature of the invention resides in that the brick material, suitably assembled according to the dimensions on a loading surface, is loaded by means of a multistage frame, which is vertically displaceable, into a superimposed displaceable surface disposed within the first part of the dryer to be subsequently assembled in groups of superimposed layers as soon as the dryer has given the material a sufficient degree of consistency, thus making it possible to appreciably reduce the cross section of the dryer and, consequently, to correspondingly increase the feed speed of the drying air, obtaining faster removal of the humidity in the second part of the dryer and consequently, reduction in the total length thereof, while in the first part the material is only heated and partly dried.
  • Still another feature of the present invention is that the material, at the end of the first drying phase, can be subsequently collected in groups of parallel rows so as to bring it to the operative width of the firing kiln if this width is not produced in the first assembling operation.
  • the material is subjected to further movements for the purpose of bringing it into groups of a width corresponding to that of the stacks to be formed for transportation.
  • the tying of the stacks is carried out'by means which may he of conventional type and do not form a part of the present invention.
  • the plant according to the present invention comprises the following parts:
  • a loading device for receiving brick elements coming for example from a shaping machine, and a cutter, or from a moulding press or from any other processing system, in one or more parallel rows; a device which effects the spacing of the elements in groups to displace them subsequently to one side in parallel rows, for the purpose of forming groups of elements of dimensions corresponding to those of the loadingsurface of the frame.
  • a raisable frame formed of several stages on which the individual groups of brick elements are loaded, means being provided for thofeeding of the material to these stages.
  • the multiple superimposed stages are inclined from;
  • a displaceable surface disposed in the tunnel dryer provided with a transferring device which makes it possible to bring the groups of elements upon a parallel displaceable surface and assemble the elements in groups of parallel rows with a width equal to that of the firing kiln and thus making it possible to reduce the entire length of the plant, to complete the drying and at the same time to obtain considerable reserve of dried material which makes it possible to compensate for any stoppages in any part of the plant.
  • a firing kiln provided with a displaceable hearth covered with refractory material, in powder form if desired, according to various structures which will be described in greater detail hereinafter.
  • a displaceable surface located at the outlet of the furnace which transmits the bricks to a transferring device and separates them into one or more parallel rows in superimposed layers, to form stacks of bricks to be tied up and dispatched.
  • the possibility is provided of feeding two or more firing kilns with only one dryer, or for feeding a firing kiln with two or more dryers. Any other combination of any number of dryers with any number of kilns, can be used to provide the greatest possible elasticity of operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a linear arrangement of the plant
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view, of an arrangement having parallel lines
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a plant having two .kilns through which materials pass in opposite directions;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan of a plant having two kilns through which material passes in the same direction;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the elevator device for loading a dryer
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal section of the portion of dryer in which the elements are superimposed
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross section along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6, of the portion of dryer comprising superimposed stages;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross section taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 6 of the portion of dryer in which the brick elements are directly disposed one upon the other;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic partial section along the line lX-IX of FIG. I I of the portion of the displaceable surface on which the lateral movement takes place for assembling bricks;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic section along the line X-X of FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view of a transfer device
  • FIG. 12 is a cross section taken along a vertical plane of one embodiment of a firing kiln for the bricks
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view of one embodiment of the displaceable hearth of the firing kiln
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic side view of the displaceable hearth of FIG. 13;
  • FIG. I is a schematic side view of another embodiment of a displaceable hearth.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the movement of the air within the firing kiln and the dryer.
  • brick elements arrive in one or more parallel rows from a preceding processing operation to a spacing device 1 of conventional type, which divides the elements into groups, whereupon they are transposed laterally in parallel rows by means of a transfer device 2 to form groups of elements each having a dimension corresponding to the loading surface of the elevator 3 which loads a dryer 4.
  • the brick elements issue from dryer 4 and are then carried to a transfer device 5 which assembles and laterally transposes the elements in groups of different and usually greater widths than previously and substantially corresponding to the width of a firing kiln 6.
  • the groups issuing from the kiln 6 are transposed by means of a second transfer device 7 into groups of a different dimension and corresponding to the stacks of bricks which are to be tied upon a conveyor 8 which is the end of the plant.
  • the brick elements after initially being assembled and transposed laterally by spacing device 9, are loaded by the elevator device 10 onto the surfaces of the initial portion of the dryer 1], whereupon they descend onto the inclined surface 12 until they are disposed in superimposed layers in the end portion 13 of the dryer.
  • the elements are then assembled in groups of different width (usually greater), by a pair of transfer devices 14 and I5 and carried onto a displaceable surface 16, the width of which is equal to that of the firing kiln l7 and subsequently issue therefrom on the displaceable surface 18.
  • the use of the two displaceable surfaces 16 and 18 also has the advantage of permitting the formation of a reserve of material acting as a reservoir during the inevitable temporary interruptions of the process which occur in certain sections of the plant, so as to provide a regular feeding of the other stations for a certain time by simply adapting the traveling speed of the displaceable surfaces.
  • a further pair of transfer devices 19 and 20 redistributes the brick elements in groups of different width (normally less), corresponding to the width ofthe stack of brick elements to be made up and tied, for example, by means of straps, according to any coiiventional process, along the displaceable end surface 21 of the plant.
  • two firing kilns 22, 23 and 24, 25, respectively, are provided in which the brick elements advance in opposite directions indicated by arrows A and B in FIG. 3 or in the same and parallel directions indicated by arrows C and D in FIG. 4.
  • brick elements are fed from a single drying installation and are fed upon a single surface to be loaded with stacks of bricks as they issue therefrom.
  • Material is assembled to one side if desired by means of a transfer device of a type which will be described hereinafter, in a different number of rows and then fed to a displaceable surface, for example, by means of rollers, until a stage of the elevator 3 (FIG. 5) is loaded with each group, whereupon the elevator is automatically raised at the end of the loading operation of each stage, for example, by means ofa winch 26, controlled by an electric motor 27, until the lower stage is opposite the displaceable loading surface.
  • a transfer device of a type which will be described hereinafter
  • a displaceable surface for example, by means of rollers
  • Both the displaceable stages of the elevator 3 and the displaceable surfaces 28 of the first section of the dryer may be provided with suitably driven rollers or belts.
  • the first phase of the drying commences and after traversing a path, the length of which depends on the feed speed of the material, in accordance with the type of clay employed and the type of brick, the material receives a degree of consistency sufficient to permit the superimposing of its elements.
  • a superimposing device shown schematically in FIG. 6 is provided; it comprises a series of multiple superimposed surfaces 29, pivoted at 30, which may assume an adjustable inclination according to the height of the brick elements and the number of rows which have to be superimposed.
  • the elements descend on the inclined surfaces 29 until they are disposed directly one upon the other forming groups of elements in parallel rows which move into the dryer, advancing on a single displaceable surface 31 (FIGS. 6 and 8).
  • the speed of the drying air is greater than in the first part of the dryer (FIG. 7) having stages 28, thus making it possible to obtain a more efficient heat exchange.
  • the brick elements are separated from one another and their surfaces completely swept by the air which circulates in the dryer itself.
  • a pair of transfer devices such as shown in FIGS. 9, l0 and 11, subsequently carry the groups of brick elements upon a displaceable parallel surface for assembling the material into a complex of parallel rows having a width equal to that of the firing kiln.
  • the transfer device of a type which is used in many other parts of the plant may comprise a first group of rollers 32 between which rollers 33 are disposed having axes perpendicular to the preceding raisable rollers which effect the transfer of an entire assembly of material onto the next series of rollers 34 extending in a direction perpendicular to the preceding ones.
  • This particular embodiment of the transfer device may be modified, for example, by replacing the rollers 33 with conveyor belts or movable pallets according to conventional means.
  • the pair of transfer members used before the advance into the firing kiln assembles the brick elements into groups of a width equal to that ofthe kiln itself.
  • the kiln preferably has a width greater than that of the dryer, a feature which makes it possible to reduce the forward speed in the kiln and, consequently, the total length thereof.
  • the travelling section which precede and follow the firing kiln in this case preferably has the same greater width as that of the kiln for the purpose of enlarging the capacity of reserve material, as described above.
  • the displaceable surface may also be divided into individual portions separately controlled at various speeds, making it possible to obtain maximum adaptability in the operation of the plant.
  • the actual firing kiln may be constructed in various ways and a few embodiments of this assembly are shown, by way of example, in FIGS. 12 to 15.
  • a displaceable hearth 35 (FIG. 12) formed, for example, of adjacent members loosely connected together and supported by rollers which rotate on a bearing surface.
  • refractory material 36 such as a powder which is recovered at the end of the movement of the displaceable surface 35 for return to the initial portion thereof by suitable means.
  • a hopper 37 at the end of the operative movement of the displaceable hearth 35 (FIGS. 13 and 14), the hopper being provided at its bottom with a rotating screw member 38 which'causes the refractory material to drop onto a side conveyor belt 39 which returns it to another hopper also provided at the bottom with a shellshaped member which provides a uniform feed of refractory material to the initial portion and over the entire width of the displaceable base hearth 35.
  • the upper material collected by the hopper 41 is transported by the conveyor belt 42 to the end hopper 37 for return to the cycle.
  • a displaceable hearth 45 is combined over its entire lower course. starting from the final return roller 46 and continuing behind the initial roller 47. with a second displaceable belt 48 which is suitably mounted on tension pulleys, supporting, during the return movement the assembly of refractory material disposed on the clisplaceable hearth 45 in its effective travel movement.
  • the hearth of the kiln prefferably formed by rigid transverse members provided with a refractory coating of rigid material loosely mounted on the adjacent members so as to form a self-contained moving conveying carpet.
  • the carpet may be divided into separate portions movable at different speeds.
  • FR collector conduit
  • a supplementary heat generator may be inserted at any point in the conduit 49 to integrate the thermal energy of the air.
  • a fan may be also inserted in the conduit 49 to pressurize the circuit of the dryer itself.
  • the kiln is heated by burners 52 disposed on the walls and/or the vault of the kiln.
  • the discharge gasses are collected by the conduit 53 and discharged into the atmosphere possibly with the use of a suction fan 54.
  • the advantage of the plant of the present invention by the use of heated clay is particularly apparent in that it eliminates manipulation of the material and is without movements. and also in that the material advances in the dryer without any reductions in temperature, a feature which greatly assists the drying and ensures the absence of defects such as cracking. due to overrapid or unsuitable heating and drying of the brick material itself.
  • lfAn automatic plant for the continuous drying, firing and stacking of bricks and the like.
  • comprising means loading clay bricks and having a vertically movable multistage frame.
  • a drying tunnel having a plurality of sections, means in the first section of the drying tunnel receiving the loaded clay bricks and drying them in several stages while spacing them and reassembling them.
  • means in a following section continuing the drying of the clay bricks, means superposing the bricks and having superposed adjustable downwardly inclined surfaces receiving separate series of bricks at their upper ends and placing the bricks one on top of the other at their lower ends,
  • a firing kiln receiving the bricks and firing them, and
  • discharging means receiving the tired bricks and stacking them.
  • a plant in accordance with claim 1. comprising transfer devices located in said drying tunnel for assembling the clay bricks into a plurality of parallel rows. the total width of said rows corresponding to that of the firing kiln. and other transfer devices located at the exit of said firing kiln for assembling fired bricks into stacks.
  • a plant in accordance with claim 1. wherein said firing kiln comprises a displaceable hearth. a layer of powdered refractory material upon said hearth. a discharge hopper located adjacent one end of said hearth and receiving said refractory material, a rotary screw member in said hopper. a conveyor belt receiving said refractory material, another hopper located adjacent the opposite end of said hearth and receiving said refractory material from said conveyor belt and another screw member receiving said refractory material from said conveyor belt and returning it to said hearth.
  • said firing kiln comprises a dispiaceable hearth. a layer of powdered refractory material upon said hearth, rollers supporting said hearth for rotary movement. and a movable belt extending between said rollers and below said hearth for returning the powdered refractory material to the hearth.
  • said tiring kiln comprises adlsplaccable hearth consisting of rigid transverse members having a loosely mounted rigid refractory coating forming a moving carpet.
  • a plant in accordance with claim 1. comprising a plurality of drying tunnels and a plurality of firing kilns receiving clay bricks from said drying tunnels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
US853406A 1968-09-07 1969-08-27 Plant for drying, firing and stacking bricks Expired - Lifetime US3598376A (en)

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ES (1) ES370100A1 (en))
FR (1) FR2017589A1 (en))
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CN106524720A (zh) * 2016-11-21 2017-03-22 赵宽学 陶瓷烘干烧制一体炉
CN113580354A (zh) * 2021-06-25 2021-11-02 浙江荣力智能装备有限公司 一种耐火砖智能生产线

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DE2938403C2 (de) * 1979-09-22 1981-07-02 C. Keller GmbH u. Co KG, 4530 Ibbenbüren Einrichtung zum Bilden einer Setzlage oder Teilsetzlage aus Ziegelformlingen
DE3438056A1 (de) * 1984-09-20 1986-03-27 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Schaltstelle eines hochspannungsschalters
CN107449222B (zh) * 2017-08-31 2023-06-20 贵州大学 一种分段式平流排烟干燥装置及干燥方法
CN117128753A (zh) * 2023-08-25 2023-11-28 江西圆水墙材有限公司 一种不同烧成温度砖体同窑烧结窑炉及烧结方法
CN117053567B (zh) * 2023-10-11 2023-12-15 山西聚贤石墨新材料有限公司 一种石墨电极生产用焙烧装置及焙烧方法

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US1641585A (en) * 1925-09-11 1927-09-06 Jr William Lee Hanley Brickmaking plant
US1709063A (en) * 1927-12-27 1929-04-16 Harrop Ceramic Service Company Method and apparatus for treating clayware
US2678205A (en) * 1950-06-08 1954-05-11 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp System for heat treating shaped bodies

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1641585A (en) * 1925-09-11 1927-09-06 Jr William Lee Hanley Brickmaking plant
US1709063A (en) * 1927-12-27 1929-04-16 Harrop Ceramic Service Company Method and apparatus for treating clayware
US2678205A (en) * 1950-06-08 1954-05-11 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp System for heat treating shaped bodies

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106524720A (zh) * 2016-11-21 2017-03-22 赵宽学 陶瓷烘干烧制一体炉
CN113580354A (zh) * 2021-06-25 2021-11-02 浙江荣力智能装备有限公司 一种耐火砖智能生产线

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FR2017589A1 (en)) 1970-05-22
GB1280314A (en) 1972-07-05
CH508186A (it) 1971-05-31
DE1940251A1 (de) 1970-03-12
RO58523A (en)) 1975-10-15
AT310648B (de) 1973-10-10
ES370100A1 (es) 1971-04-01
BR6911952D0 (pt) 1973-02-01
YU32868B (en) 1975-10-31
BE738321A (en)) 1970-02-16
PL81708B1 (en)) 1975-08-30
YU207869A (en) 1975-04-30
SU372847A3 (en)) 1973-03-01

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