US3598270A - Bottom end structure for plastic containers - Google Patents

Bottom end structure for plastic containers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3598270A
US3598270A US815745A US3598270DA US3598270A US 3598270 A US3598270 A US 3598270A US 815745 A US815745 A US 815745A US 3598270D A US3598270D A US 3598270DA US 3598270 A US3598270 A US 3598270A
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United States
Prior art keywords
portions
wall
parison
wall portions
legs
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Expired - Lifetime
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US815745A
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English (en)
Inventor
Domas Adomaitis
Howard M Turner
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Continental Can Co Inc
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Continental Can Co Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
    • B65D1/0223—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by shape
    • B65D1/0261—Bottom construction
    • B65D1/0284—Bottom construction having a discontinuous contact surface, e.g. discrete feet

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a plastic container, particularly a bottle suitable for carbonated beverages.
  • the bottom end of the container comprises portions conformed to meridian elements of a hemisphere with a downward pole and a plurality of hollow legs terminating in feet in a plane below the pole of the hemisphere. in blow-molding the bottle, the
  • mold halves pinch the bottom end of the parison closed along an arcuate weld line constituting the midportion of a semicir-- cular element of a hemispherically contoured portion of the bottom.
  • plastic bottles be used for beer and carbonated soft drinks and the like.
  • Plastic compositions have been developed which are suitable for such use from the standpoint of product potability and general mechanical requirements.
  • plastics of suitable grades are generally fairly expensive per unit volume as compared to glass, and in comparable wall sections are subject to substantial deformation and creep. Therefore, practical adaptation of plastic materials to food and beverage use on a commercial scale cannot usually be achieved merely by duplicating glass bottles or jars in plastic.
  • plastic materials are competitive with glass only where a satisfactory container can be produced with a somewhat lower volume of plastic than the volume of glass used for a comparable container.
  • bottles for substantial internal pressure as with bottles for carbonated beverages.
  • Such bottles must be able to withstand fill pressures on the order of 40 p.s.i., and up to I p.s.i. or more in storage, when exposed to the sun, in warm rooms, car trunks and the like.
  • the weakest part of the bottle is the bottom end, ifof the usual flat or concave configuration with a support rim.
  • membranate bottom end structure comprising end wall portions generally conformed to meridian elements of a hemisphere with downward pole, and other wall portions defining legs terminating in feet below the polar portion.
  • the meridian portions are petaloid, and extend from the polar portion.
  • the feet are generally in the form of pads constituting portions of a common annulus around the end.
  • the feet are two or more in number but preferably an even number, symmetry facilitating manufacture in partible molds by an extrusion blow molding process.
  • each leg is defined by sidewalls diverging upwardly and outwardly relative to the polar portion and an outer wall curving upwardly and outwardly to blend into the bottle sidewall.
  • the parison is pinched closed along an are which is the midportion of the semicircle formed by petaloid portions of the end when the parison is blown.
  • the seam is then subject only to tension when the bottle is pressurized, there being no bending or shear stress along the seam or at the termini of the weld line.
  • the material is substantially free of flaws or locked-in stresses at the ends of the weld line, since there is no reverse bending of the parison wall at the juncture of the fold lines and the weld line when blowing the parison to form the bottom wall. Due to the moderate distension involved, the bottom wall is not excessively thinned and there is no abrupt change in thickness adjacent the weld line.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation of a bottle having ti bottom end according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical section through the bottle shown in FIG. I;
  • FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the bottle shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial vertical section on line 4-4 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial vertical section on line 5-5 of FIG. 3;
  • FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 are views respectively corresponding to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 showing a modification
  • FIGS. 9, l0, and 11 are views respectively corresponding to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, showing yet another modification of the invention.
  • FIGS. 12, 13, and 14 are views respectively corresponding to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, showing yet another modification of the invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view of a blow mold showing a parison clamped therein preparatory to blowing a bottle;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic partial plan view of the bottom end of the lower half mold shown in FIG. 15, illustrating the pinchoff and formation of a container bottom blown and configured according to the prior art;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic partial plan similar to FIG. 16, illustrating the pinchoff and formation of a container bottom blown according to this invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a bottom end structure according to this invention as incorporated in a representative bottle suitable for carbonated beverages. Although such bottles represent a principal application of this invention, it will be understood that the invention is adaptable to containers generally.
  • the bottom end is generally indicated by reference numeral 20.
  • End 20 blends smoothly into the sidewall 21.
  • end 20 has an evenly cusped configuration, constituted by inward petaloid wall portions 22, alternating with outwardly projecting wall portions in the form of legs 23.
  • the sectional view of FIG. 2 is taken from the same position as that of FIG. 1, from which it will be seen that wall portions 22 and 23 form parts of a membranate bottom end structure with only moderate thickness variation.
  • the bottle is blow molded from a tubular parison. The several portions then vary somewhat in wall thickness according to the degree of material distension involved in blowing the parison to the final configuration in the mold.
  • the quadrant wall portions 22 together define the semicircle 24, with all the portions 22 extending out from the polar wall portion 30.
  • the leg portions 23 extend downwardly of the polar portion 30 to flat wall portions or pads 25 in a common lowermost plane on which the bottle thus will rest upright.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 inclusive As seen in FIG. 3 there are six legs 23 alternating with six petaloid portions 22, with six feet of generally trapezoidal shape, con stituting sectors ofa common annulus.
  • the sides of the feet 25 are defined along the generally radial lines by leg sidewalls 26 which extend upward from the feet 25 to join the petaloid portions 22.
  • wall portions 27 extend upward and inward from the feet 25, blending into petaloid portions 22 at the polar portion 30.
  • Outer leg wall portions 28 extend upwardly and outwardly from feet 25 to a blend with sidewall 21.
  • gussets 27 insures contact of the support surface by the feet 25 and minimizes tendency of the container to rock, as well as compensating for some bulging which may occur under internal pressure.
  • FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show a four-foot bottom end, reference numerals for corresponding parts being the same as in FIGS. l-- 5, with the addition of 100.
  • the total areas of feet 25 and petaloid portions 122 are substantially the same for a given overall container diameter as for the corresponding areas of the sixfoot form shown in FIG. 3.
  • the somewhat less sharply undulated membrane of the four-foot pattern conducts to good molding fidelity with some of the less plastic materials, or in forming containers of smaller diameter, for less severe service conditions and the like, In other respects, the form of FIGS.
  • 68 is substantially like that previously described, including legs I23 defined by walls 126 and I28, gussets I27, polar portion I30, Pairs of petaloid portions 122 oppositely extending from polar portion I30 conform to meridians of a common hemisphere, as best seen in FIG. 7.
  • FIGS. 9, l0 and 11 The dual foot form of FIGS. 9, l0 and 11 is configured with a somewhat larger area in each foot 225, leg wall 226 and gusset portion 227 as compared to the forms previously described.
  • Each leg portion 223 is bounded by widely diverging walls 226 and the upwardly and outwardly sloping outer wall 228, which blend into circular body wall 221 in the plane at the tips of the petaloid portions 222.
  • the two feet 225 together provide a flat support surface around somewhat more than half of a common annulus well outward of the container axis, providing food stability, yet with substantial flexibility to accommodate slight unevenness of support surface.
  • the design of FIGS. 9, l0 and 11 is particularly suitable for containers in which manufacturing or service conditions dictate the use of somewhat greater wall thickness, a laminate, or the like, or the blow molding of material of relatively low plasticity, in which cases the somewhat less intricate configuration is advantageous in manufacture.
  • FIGS. 12, 13 and 14 show a configuration of a container bottom end according to this invention which affords an exceptionally high degree of burst resistance.
  • Leg sidewalls 326 are of correspondingly small area.
  • Gusset portions 327 are proportionately short and narrow.
  • the outer walls 328 extend upwardly and outward from corresponding feet 325 along a curve similar to the corresponding outer walls of the other forms previously described.
  • FIGS. 12, 13 and 14 are particularly suitable for forming bottoms with relatively thin walls, or from low-strength materials, since stresses due to internal pressure are born almost entirely in tension on the spherically contoured portions of the membrane, with only minor bending or shear stress in the leg and foot wall portions.
  • MOLDING Containers having bottom ends according to this invention can readily be formed by any of several methods, vacuum forming, injection molding, injection-blow molding or blow molding, according to the general configuration of the con' tainer, the choice of material, and other considerations of performance and economy.
  • vacuum forming injection molding
  • injection-blow molding blow molding
  • the container bottom end according to this invention has significant manufacturing advantages, particularly for blow molding.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic representation of a bottle mold designed for extruded parison blow molding.
  • the view is a section perpendicular to the parting plane, which is indicated by the broken line.
  • Closing mold halves 31 and 32 about a length of tubular parison 33 pinches the parison closed at both ends, clearance along the pinch line being such that the parison is clamped along the pinch line with sufficient pressure to weld the material therealong.
  • air is introduced into the parison through a blow needle 34, expanding parison 33 to conform to the cavity formed in halves 31-32, in the shape of the desired bottle.
  • the bottom pinch or weld line 38 is formed between edges 35 and 36 on a line along mold bottom surface 37 in the plane of the mold part.
  • FIG. 16 shows the effects of pinchoff and blowing of the parison to form a container having a bottom configured as in the prior art, that is, a substantially flat, slightly recessed bottom panel with a peripheral head.
  • the view is a fragmentary plan of the bottom half 132 of a blow mold similar to that of FIG. 15, showing the fully blown parison in full lines and the parison before and during blowing in broken lines.
  • the pinched-off portion 138 constitutes a straight weld line in the flat bottom panel. Teardrops 139 are formed by squeezing out excess material at the juncture of the weld line with the parison fold edges 140, formation of such teardrops being characteristic of pinching a parison in the manner shown.
  • the portion of the parison axially inwardly of the weld line 138 distends and folds outwardly to form the portion of the bottom outwardly of the weld line 138, whose linear extent is indicated by the dimension A.
  • the general course of this bottom forming material is indicated in broken lines in an intermediate stage.
  • the extent of parison" distension is indicated by the angle B. Because the total distension of material constituting the bottom end is somewhat greater than that of expansion to the container diameter alone, and because of resistance to outward folding due to restraint along the weld line 138, the parison material forming the bottom is the last to become fully blown and is thus subject to greater chilling during formationthan other parts of the container.
  • FIG. 17 shows the arrangement for pinching the parison in a blow mold similar to that of FIG. and 16, but arranged for forming a bottom end according to this invention.
  • Corresponding parts are designated by the same numerals as in FIG. 15, with the addition of 200.
  • the illustration is a plan view of the bottom half 232 ,of the blow mold with the fully blown bottom portion of the container in solid lines.
  • the mold is parted in a plane corresponding to the section plane through hemispherical meridian portions of the bottom end, as on line 7-7 of FIG. 6.
  • the cavity bottom contour in the parting plane is a semicircle, with the parison pinch and weld line 238 on the semicircle.
  • the weld line 238 When the mold is closed on the parison 233, the weld line 238 is thereupon constituted as a completed midelement of the semicircle with the fold lines 240 of the unblown parison extending generally radially of the weld line.
  • the fold lines and the weld line With this relative disposition of the fold lines and the weld line there is virtually no tendency to incipient flawing or distress at the ends of the weld line 238 by the squeezing out of excess material in the form of the teardrops 239, since the material is squeezed almost directly along the fold line substantially normal to the weld line.
  • the blowing of the parison 233 to the final configuration involves a relatively moderate distension through angle C in the plane of the weld line 238, so that full formation of that portion of the bottom extending from the weld line 238 occurs rapidly, substantially within the time required for blowing the main body portion of the container.
  • the relatively moderate distension of the material also involves a correspondingly moderate thinning of the material near the ends of the weld line 238, minimizing sharp changes in section at the ends of the weld line.
  • a blow molded plastic container having a tubular body terminating at a generally hemispherical outwardly convex bottom wall with a lowermost polar portion, said bottom wall being interrupted by a plurality of downwardly projecting wall portions defining hollow legs with adjacent legs being spaced 3.
  • first portions generally conformed to meridian elements of a common hemisphere having a radius which is sub stantially equal to that of said sidewall portion and having a downward pole, said first portions extending upward from said pole, other wall portions defining hollow legs terminating below said first portions in feet spaced around said end in the lowermost plane of said containensaid first wall portions include at least one pair of petaloid portions oppositely extending from a polar wall portion, said legs alternating with said petaloid portions in series around said end, and a pair of opposed sidewalls of each said leg diverging upward and radially outward relative to said polar portion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US815745A 1969-04-14 1969-04-14 Bottom end structure for plastic containers Expired - Lifetime US3598270A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81574569A 1969-04-14 1969-04-14

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US3598270A true US3598270A (en) 1971-08-10

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US (1) US3598270A (fr)
AT (1) AT301379B (fr)
BE (1) BE748305A (fr)
BR (1) BR7018118D0 (fr)
CH (1) CH527098A (fr)
DE (1) DE2009917B2 (fr)
DK (1) DK139349B (fr)
FR (1) FR2039147B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1239531A (fr)
NL (1) NL167127C (fr)
ZA (1) ZA70904B (fr)

Cited By (105)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL167127B (nl) 1981-06-16
AT301379B (de) 1972-09-11
NL7004279A (fr) 1970-10-16
DE2009917A1 (de) 1970-10-15
FR2039147A1 (fr) 1971-01-15
BE748305A (nl) 1970-09-16
DK139349B (da) 1979-02-05
DE2009917B2 (de) 1981-09-10
BR7018118D0 (pt) 1973-01-30
DK139349C (fr) 1979-07-16
CH527098A (fr) 1972-08-31
NL167127C (nl) 1981-11-16
GB1239531A (fr) 1971-07-14
ZA70904B (en) 1971-09-29
FR2039147B1 (fr) 1974-06-14

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