US3596433A - Machine with mechanisms placed in displaceable boxes for the manufacturing and delivery of plastic bags of different lengths starting from a tubular sheet - Google Patents

Machine with mechanisms placed in displaceable boxes for the manufacturing and delivery of plastic bags of different lengths starting from a tubular sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
US3596433A
US3596433A US831192A US3596433DA US3596433A US 3596433 A US3596433 A US 3596433A US 831192 A US831192 A US 831192A US 3596433D A US3596433D A US 3596433DA US 3596433 A US3596433 A US 3596433A
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United States
Prior art keywords
machine
jaws
tubular sheet
thermowelding
disposed
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Expired - Lifetime
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US831192A
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English (en)
Inventor
Guido D Bertoglio
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centra Anstalt Vaduz Liechtenstein
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Centra Anstalt Vaduz Liechtenstein
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
    • B31B70/14—Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting or trimming
    • B31B70/16—Cutting webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2155/00—Flexible containers made from webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2155/00—Flexible containers made from webs
    • B31B2155/003—Flexible containers made from webs starting from tubular webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
    • B31B2160/10—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
    • B31B2160/10—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents
    • B31B2160/106—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents obtained from sheets cut from larger sheets or webs before finishing the bag forming operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
    • B31B70/74—Auxiliary operations
    • B31B70/81—Forming or attaching accessories, e.g. opening devices, closures or tear strings
    • B31B70/84—Forming or attaching means for filling or dispensing contents, e.g. valves or spouts
    • B31B70/844—Applying rigid valves, spouts, or filling tubes

Definitions

  • Desmond Attorney-Sparrow and Sparrow ABSTRACT A machine for manufacturing of plastic bags from a tubular web having a plurality of'mechanisms for performing the various necessary operations, such as feeding the tubular web from a roll into the machine, thermowelding the web for forming bag portions, cooling the weldments with provisions for preventing deformations of the welded web, inserting a straw into the tubular web at each bag portion, cutting the finished bag portions off the tubular web and delivering the finished bags, whereby each one of the operating mechanisms is enclosed in a box and whereby some of the boxes are manually displaceable for varying the length of the bag portions.
  • thermowelded portions at least a pair of cooling jaws for the thermowelded portions
  • thermowelding jaws a pair of endless conveying belts provided with transmission rollers and adapted to accompany the tubular sheet during its travel from the thermowelding jaws to the cooling jaws in such a manner that the thermowelded, hot and therefore deformable portions of said sheet are prevented from undergoing deformations;
  • Said machine ischaracterized in that the mechanism controlling: the means introducing the tubular sheet, the thermowelding jaws, the cooling jaws, the conveying means, the transmission means, the mechanism for introducing thestraw and the cutting 'or separating means are located in just as many separated boxes spaceable at different distances with respect to each other during the functioning of the machine in order to obtain bags of different lengths and furthermore in that said cutting means are disposed at the end of the travel of the tubular sheet, so that each bag may be separated from said tubular sheet when the bag is already finished, with the straw already introduced therein.
  • FIG. i is a diagrammatic front view of the machine of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of same
  • FIG. Zi' is a lateral diagrammatic view of the members transmitting the motion from the motor shaft to the grooved shafts actuating the mechanisms of the various displaceable boxes;
  • FIG. d is a partial longitudinal sectional view talten along the plane passing through d-d of FIG. 2, wherein the members of FIG. 3 are shown in a position successively reached during the working;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view through the machine of FIG. I taken along a plane passing through 5-5 i.e. through the rollers provided for the introduction of the tubular sheet;
  • FIG. 6 is a further partial cross-sectional view of the machine of FIG. i taken along the plane passing through 6-6 i.e. through the rollers actuating the pairs of endless conveying belts;
  • FIG. '7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the machine of FIG. I taken along the plane passing through '7-7 i.e. through the box containing the thermowelding jaws for the tubular sheet;
  • FIG. h is a horizontal sectional view taken along the plane passing through h-h of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a front view of the said thermowelding jaws
  • FIG. id is the diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the cooling device for the thermowelding jaws at rest and a safety device which prevents the interposed endless conveying belt made of heabresistant material from being damaged when the jaws are closed;
  • FIG. ill. is a front view of the thermowelding box showing the details of said safety device
  • FIG. I2 is a bash view on the thermowelding box showing a pair of electromagnets controlling said safety device;
  • FIG. I3 is a diagrammatic front view of the box containing the transmission members i.e. the means feeding the tubular sheet where this last leaves the conveying belts to be taken up by further transport means and finally reaches the cutting means;
  • FIGS. M and R5 are partial plan views of the members located at the end of the travel of the tubular sheet
  • FIG. 16 is the cross section through the box comprising the feeding members i.e. a section taken along the plane 16-416 in FIG. ll and in FIG. I3;
  • HG. 117 is the cross-sectional view of the same box but talten along the plane passing through 37-47 of HG. i;
  • FIG. i8 is the cross section of the box containing the members introducing the straw in each bag i.e. the section taken along the vertical plane passing through lt5lh in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. i9 is a detail view of the hopper containing the straws
  • FlG. is the cross section taken along the plane passing through 2-2tl in FIG. I i.e. through the box comprising the cutting means;
  • FIG. 21 is a cross section of FIG. 2d taken along a plane passing through 21-21 to show the members blocking the tubular sheet to allow for the cutting;
  • FIG. 22 is a section of FIG. 20 taken along the plane passing through 22-22 i.e. through the lever controlling the cutting operation.
  • the machine of the invention comprises the frame l supporting the bobbin 2 having wound thereon the flattened tubular sheet which will be used for manufacturing the bags. Said tubular sheet is made to pass between the guide means 3 and successively through the introductory members of the box and, finally, through the various groups of the following members contained in just as many boxes: lfi--I1l-l.2l3l-I4l.
  • the box w comprises the members performing the thermowelding of the tubular sheet to form the bottom of each bag.
  • the box ill comprises the members adapted to operate the cooling of the thermowelded and still hot portions of the bag so as to prevent the deformation thereof.
  • the box I2 contains the transmission members for the endless belts which serve to feed the thermoweldcd and cooled tubular sheet to the successive groups of members constituting the boxes l2 and Id.
  • the box 13 contains the members adapted to introduce the straw into each bag while still attached to the tubular sheet.
  • the box id contains the members operating the crosscutting of the tubular sheet at the opening side of each bag as .well as delivering the finished and cut bag to the (nonrepresented) machine that will take it up for automatically filling and closing it.
  • the basic characteristic of the machine according to the present invention consists in that the groups of members form ing a part of the boxes indicated with i9iil-li-I2-i3- Id are displaceable at variable mutual distances and may be fined in the desired position to permit the manufacturing of bags of different lengths.
  • a second basic characteristic directly depending from the first one consists in that the'bags are not cut right away from the tubular sheet at the moment they enter the box 9 but only at the end of the travel of said tubular sheet i.e. when they enter the box lid so that they maintain their perfect reciprocal disposition and rigidity up to their delivery to the filling machine.
  • the machine according to the present invention differs therefore considerably from the conventional machines in which bags of different lengths are obtained by varying the speed of introduction of the tubular sheet and by cutting each bagat the very moment the tubular sheet is introduced in the machine i.e. before the thermowelding has been effected.
  • the cutting members, the thermowelding means, the cooling means, the means for introducing the straw and the delivery means maintain unchanged their reciprocal position.
  • the rotation of the gear 15 is effected by introducing a wrench at the end of the shaft 29 (FIGQ'I) having a square cross section.
  • Each box is fixed again by means of an eccentric means 30 (FIGS. 1 and coaxial to the shaft 23 (FIG. 10) similar to the preceding one and adapted to be rotated by a similar wrench.
  • Some boxes, such'as box 9 and 12, may also stay stationary since the variation of the reciprocal distance between the various boxes may be obtained even if some of them are stationary. Of course these stationary boxes will be provided with no gear or eccentric means 30.
  • These members comprise essentially three splined shafts 31, 32, 33 (FIGS. 1 and 2), two of which and namely shafts 31 and 32 receive a rotary and uniform motion while the third one 33 is subjected to intermittent rotary motion to control the intermittent feeding displacements of the tubular sheet.
  • the uniform rotary motion is transmitted from the drive shaft 24 to the toothed .wheel 34, to the chain 35 to the toothed wheel 36 coaxial tothe grooved shaft 31 and to the pair of transmission gears 37 and Mac as to actuate in a uniform manner the two splined shafts 31 and 32.
  • the first shaft 31 is intended to operate the cams which, in the boxes 10 and 11 (FIGS. 1 and 2), are responsible foropening and closing the thennowelding and cooling jaws while the second shaft 32 is adapted to control the cutting members and the means for introducing the straw, all of them being contained in the boxes 13 and 14-.
  • This mechanism is also known as a rack-and-pinion slider crank motion whereby the pinion (in this case the shaft 33) has a conventional overrunning clutch (not shown in the drawing), 80 that the shaft is not rotated during the return stroke of the rack.
  • the amplitude of the intermittent motion i.e. the length of the intermittent travel 'of the tubular sheet which corresponds to the length of each bag is adjustable by varying the position of the pivot 46 in the radial groove 49 of the flywheel 45.
  • the box 9 also contains the two drums 53-54 (FIG. 6) which have the two heat-resistant belts 43, 44 of carbon tetrafluoride or any other suitable synthetic resin wound thereon as shown in FIG. 1.
  • Actuation of the two drums 53,54 also by the shaft 33 takes place over the endless screw and the two complementary wheels 55, S6..
  • the handwhecl 57 (FIG. 6) serves to initially introduce by hand the tubular sheet 2 (FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 7 shows the members contained in the box 10. They comprise the cam 58 angularly fixed to its splined drive shaft 31, but axially slidable with respectto same over the longitudinal splines or grooves 31' (FIG. 8) of said shaft 31 so as to allow for the displacement of the box 10.
  • Said cam 58 controls the rollers 59, 60 (FIG. 7) acting as tappet means and carried by the arms 61, 62 pivoted *n 63, 64, said arms supporting the thermowelding jaws 65, 66.
  • FIG. 7 there are indicated pressure adjusting means 73, pressure springs 74, connections 175 for the circulation of a fluid for cooling the supports of the thermowelding jaws and the protection arms 75, 76, 77, 78 illustrated in FIG. 11. These arms are provided for protecting the elastic strips 43, 44 from the thermal radiation of the thermowelding jaws when same are open (FIG. 10). Said protection arms are actuated by electromagnetic pistons 79, 80 (FIGS. 16, 12) which keep said arms open as indicated with dash line in FIG. I! when the jaws. 65, 66 effect the thermowelding operation and close them when the jaws open again.
  • the cooling jaws in box 11 are quite similar to the thermowelding jaws in box 10 except that they are cooled by a cooling liquid instead of being thermoheated and that they do not have any protection jaws. Therefore they will not be described any further.
  • the transmission members of the box 12 comprise, as illustrated in FIG. 13, the transmission rollers 67, 68 for the conveying plastic strip.43, the transmission rollers 68, '70 for the conveying plastic strip 44 and the drum 42 (see also FIG. 16) which is provided with grooves adapted to receive just as many thin belts 83 (FIGS. 13 and l) forming, as a whole, an elastic carpet adapted to receive the tubular sheet 2 moving thereon as it comes from the conveying strips 43, 44.
  • the motion is imparted to the drum 42 by the splined shaft 33 (FIGS. 1, 16) over the two complementary wheels 85, 86 (FIG. 16).
  • the pulley 84 connected to the shaft of the wheel or gear 85 is adapted to receive a (nonrepresented) belt leading from a pulley 200 at the end of a cross-shaft 201 (P16. 20) imparting a supplementary motion to the pair of rollers 116, 117 (FIG. 1) feeding the tubular sheet 2 on the belt carpet 83.
  • rollers 67, 70 are displaceable with respect to the ones of rollers 68, 69 to vary the tension of the conveying strips 43, 44 (FIG. 13). This is obtained by means of pivots 87, 88 which are eccentric with respect to the blocking bushes 89, 90 (see FIG. 17).
  • the members for introducing the straw 'into each bag and forming a part of box 13 comprise: a hopper 91 (FIG. 19) adapted to'receive the straws 92 which, one by one, are made to fall by gravity through the passage 93.
  • the bottom of the passage93 has a needle 94 (FIG. 18) placed thereon, said needle having its inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of each straw.
  • the needle is fixed to a slide member 97 sliding within two guides.
  • the arm 98 actuates the slide member 97 over a bar 114 which provides for the introduction of the needle into the tubular sheet 2.
  • the piston is initially displaced completely to the left.
  • a straw 92- coming down from the hopper 91 may therefore enter into the needle 94 in front of the piston 95 driven by a cam.
  • the lever 95 drives to the right the needle 94 together with the straw 92, thereby perforating the tubular sheet 2 which is opened by an air jet coming from a side of the needle itself and blowing into a pocket portion suitable to receive the straw.
  • the needle penetrates into the tubular sheet up to about one-fourth of its length.
  • the introduction is effected by the compressed air acting on the piston 95 and displacing same completely to the right so that the straw penetrates into the pocket of the tubular sheet 2 while the needle 94 stays stationary.
  • a further air jet acts on the piston 95 from the right to the left taking same back to its initial position while the lever 98 takes the needle back to the position suitable to receive a further straw.
  • the needle has therefore to: to perforate the tubular sheet, provide for the opening of the pocket, penetrate for about one-fourth of its length into the pocket and guide the straw during its penetration into the said pocket.
  • FIG. 20 is a view of the cutting device in the box 14 (FIG. 1). Same comprises the blade I00 carried by the slide 101 which is made to move on the whole width of the tubular sheet 2 by the arm 102 actuated by the link member 103 over the eccentric pivot 104 controlled by the flywheel 105 which receives its motion from the splined shaft 32 (compare with FIG. 1).
  • the grooved roller ill acts as transmission roller for the belts 83 forming the supporting and conveying surface for the tubular sheet 2.
  • the bag After having been cut, the bag is conveyed by the belts 83 up to a step 112 (FIG. 1) which sets a limit for the travel of the tubular sheet. From here the bag is automatically taken up by the filling machine which is not represented and the operations of which are synchronized with respect to the main drive shaft 24.
  • a machine for the manufacturing and the delivery of plastic bags of various lengths obtained from a flattened tubular sheet comprising:
  • feeding means for leading said flattened tubular sheet into said machine b. at least one pair of jaws for thermowelding said tubular sheet,
  • thermowelded portions c. at least one pair of cooling jaws for the thermowelded portions
  • thermowelding jaws a pair of endless conveying belts provided with transmission rollers and disposed for accompanying said tubular sheet during the travel thereof from said thermowelding jaws to said cooling jaws for preventing said thermowelded deformable portions of said sheet from being deformed
  • said machine being characterized by the mechanisms controlling said means introducing said tubular sheet, said thermowelding jaws, said cooling jaws, said conveying means, said transmission means, said mechanisms for introducing said straw into said bag and said cutting; means being located in separate boxes spaceable at different distances with respect to each other even during the operation of said machine in order to obtain bags of various lengths, and furthermore by said cutting means being disposed at the end of the travel of said tubular sheet so that each bag may be cutaway from said tubular sheet after it had been finished with said straw introduced therein.
  • said slider crank mechanism comprising a flywheel and said rack comprising a connecting rod and a crank knob, said] groove disposed for dis placeably receiving said crank knob.
  • thermowelding jaws located in the box containing said thermowelding jaws, disposed for allowing for the displacement of said box, rollers operated by said cam and acting as tappet means, said rollers carried by arms pivoted at one of their ends, said cam controlling said thermowelding jaws, strips of heat-resisting carbon tetrafluoride being interposed between said ther mowelding jaws and said tubular sheet to be welded and protection amis pivoted at one of their ends disposed for protecting said carbon tetrafluoride strips from the thermal radiation of said thermowelding jaws in the open position of the latter.

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  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
US831192A 1968-10-30 1969-06-06 Machine with mechanisms placed in displaceable boxes for the manufacturing and delivery of plastic bags of different lengths starting from a tubular sheet Expired - Lifetime US3596433A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1630068A CH488559A (it) 1968-10-30 1968-10-30 Macchina per la fabbricazione di sacchetti di lunghezza variabile in materia plastica partendo da un nastro tubolare

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US3596433A true US3596433A (en) 1971-08-03

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US831192A Expired - Lifetime US3596433A (en) 1968-10-30 1969-06-06 Machine with mechanisms placed in displaceable boxes for the manufacturing and delivery of plastic bags of different lengths starting from a tubular sheet

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US (1) US3596433A (ro)
AT (1) AT295983B (ro)
BE (1) BE736844A (ro)
BG (1) BG17475A3 (ro)
BR (1) BR6911163D0 (ro)
CH (1) CH488559A (ro)
DE (1) DE1916751A1 (ro)
FR (1) FR2021856A1 (ro)
GB (1) GB1263551A (ro)
HU (1) HU162515B (ro)
IL (1) IL32172A (ro)
LU (1) LU59166A1 (ro)
NL (1) NL6903874A (ro)
RO (1) RO58503A (ro)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6041579A (en) * 1997-05-12 2000-03-28 Beach, Llc Bag forming machine with straw inserting mechanism
CN113681981A (zh) * 2021-08-24 2021-11-23 深圳市青青子木科技有限公司 一种条盒香烟快速易撕线的全自动生产设备
CN116811348A (zh) * 2023-08-28 2023-09-29 江苏麦迪威尔医疗器械有限公司 一种输液袋生产流水线用输送机构

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3038442A1 (de) * 1980-10-11 1982-05-06 Gerhard Dr.-Ing. 8992 Wasserburg Klar Maschine zur herstellung von beutelartigen zweikammerpackungen
CN112172237A (zh) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-05 宛群 一种环保纸塑包装袋制作方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3389534A (en) * 1965-09-16 1968-06-25 John M. Pendleton Machine for making cushioning packaging material or the like
US3453797A (en) * 1967-05-08 1969-07-08 Ricardo Hurtado Soto Method of forming flexible ampoules
US3508374A (en) * 1966-11-26 1970-04-28 Centra Anstalt Method for manufacturing bags of thermoplastic material and bag obtained thereby

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3389534A (en) * 1965-09-16 1968-06-25 John M. Pendleton Machine for making cushioning packaging material or the like
US3508374A (en) * 1966-11-26 1970-04-28 Centra Anstalt Method for manufacturing bags of thermoplastic material and bag obtained thereby
US3453797A (en) * 1967-05-08 1969-07-08 Ricardo Hurtado Soto Method of forming flexible ampoules

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6041579A (en) * 1997-05-12 2000-03-28 Beach, Llc Bag forming machine with straw inserting mechanism
CN113681981A (zh) * 2021-08-24 2021-11-23 深圳市青青子木科技有限公司 一种条盒香烟快速易撕线的全自动生产设备
CN116811348A (zh) * 2023-08-28 2023-09-29 江苏麦迪威尔医疗器械有限公司 一种输液袋生产流水线用输送机构
CN116811348B (zh) * 2023-08-28 2023-11-07 江苏麦迪威尔医疗器械有限公司 一种输液袋生产流水线用输送机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1263551A (en) 1972-02-09
BE736844A (ro) 1969-12-31
LU59166A1 (ro) 1969-12-05
NL6903874A (ro) 1970-05-04
BG17475A3 (bg) 1973-11-10
RO58503A (ro) 1975-10-15
IL32172A (en) 1972-06-28
DE1916751A1 (de) 1970-07-16
IL32172A0 (en) 1969-07-30
CH488559A (it) 1970-04-15
HU162515B (ro) 1973-03-28
BR6911163D0 (pt) 1973-05-03
AT295983B (de) 1972-01-25
FR2021856A1 (ro) 1970-07-24

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