US3565125A - Dual wall fabric with circular connection points - Google Patents

Dual wall fabric with circular connection points Download PDF

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Publication number
US3565125A
US3565125A US764203A US3565125DA US3565125A US 3565125 A US3565125 A US 3565125A US 764203 A US764203 A US 764203A US 3565125D A US3565125D A US 3565125DA US 3565125 A US3565125 A US 3565125A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
layers
connection points
dual wall
weave
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Expired - Lifetime
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US764203A
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English (en)
Inventor
John T Hayes
Robert G Currier
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Collins and Aikman Corp
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Collins and Aikman Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
    • F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
    • F16L1/123—Devices for the protection of pipes under water
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
    • E02B3/127—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips bags filled at the side
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/167—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with permanent forms made of particular materials, e.g. layered products
    • E04B1/168—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with permanent forms made of particular materials, e.g. layered products flexible
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/40—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels

Definitions

  • a dual wall fabric is provided, having integrally woven connection points, of circular confi pumped between the layers.
  • a means is provided for connecting the two layers together in such a fashion, that when concrete is pumped between the layers,
  • dual wall fabric A principal use for dual wall fabric has been in the area of cement containment, as for example in the formation of erosion dams, in the formation of concretecoverings for river banks, in forming concrete liners for water canals, and like applications.
  • the dual wall fabric has been found to be extremely useful in such applications, in that it has saved the time consuming operations of sewing a plurality of sheets together.
  • connection points In the course of the development of dual wall cement containment fabrics, it has been found that it has been necessary to make connection points between the opposed fabric layers. The reason for this is that, as concrete, cement or the like is pumped between a mattress or'like configuration of dual wall fabric, the concrete filler material tends to assume a round configuration, much the same as the configuration assumed by a balloon, upon" blowing the same full of air. Thus, in order to maintain the desired flat or mattresslike configuration of a dual wall cement containment fabric, connection points have been'placed in the fabric. I i
  • connection points integrally between the face cloth and back cloth by means of threads which are woven in the warp direction to engage weft threads of the face cloth and back cloth, and to hold the same together against each other.
  • connection points upon filling afmattress" of dual wall fabric thus formed with concrete, a high degree of stress would be imparted to various portions of the connection points between the opposed fabric layers, inasmuch as such connection points would generally be of rectangular configuration, whereas the concrete being pumped into the fabric tended to assume an oval, circular or other arcuate shape when contained within the fabric.
  • Such rectangular corners on the connection points would thus tend to rip under the pressure of the concrete being applied between the fabric layers, and consequently the pressure of concrete being applied between dual wall fabric had to be carefully controlled, and kept below a predetermined level, in order to avoid ripping the connection points and allowing the concrete to escape.
  • connection points are designed such that each portion of the periphery of each connection point is capable of withstanding the same pressure, in that no zones of stress concentration are provided, in that the connection points are generally of circular configuration.
  • That portion of fabric which comprises the circular connection points is woven by a Jacquard head motion, whereas the remainder of such fabric is woven by a Dobby head motion, an efficient combination and utilization of the two weaving processes, to yield a single fabric having the desired results.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a dual wall containment fabric, looking at a face cloth, and wherein there is illustrated in phantom a portion of another containment fabric adapted for sewing alongside the rightmost edge of the containment fabric shown in full lines, for enlarging the width of such a fabric.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged detailed view of a connection point of the fabric illustrated in FIG. 1, in approximately full scale.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged transverse sectional view, taken through the containment fabric if FIG. 1, generally along the line III-III of FIG. 1, and wherein the fabric is illustrated with a concrete filler material contained therein.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged transverse sectional view, taken through the port or void illustrated in FIG. 1, generally along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1, and wherein the manner of attachment of the end structures to the sleeve which forms the void in the filled containment fabric is clearly illustrated.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the circular tie point weave illustrated in FIG. 2, and its connection to the opposed fabric layers, taken generally along the line V-V of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 wherein there is illustrated a dual wall fabric of this invention, generally designated by the numeral 10, and with reference. also to FIG. 3, comprising opposed fabric layers 11 and 12 which comprise the face cloth and the back cloth, respectively.
  • the leftmost side of the face cloth 11 is illustrated as having a selvage 14, which integrally connects the upper end lower or face cloth and back cloth layers 11 and 12.
  • the selvage 14 is shown only on the leftmost side of the fabric 10, extending in the warp direction, and is absent from the rightmost side thereof, in order to facilitate sewing of the dual wall fabric to a similar but mirror-imaged section of dual wall fabric 15, as for example that illustrated in phantom lines in FIG. 1, such that the connection between tie points thereof (to be described in greater detail hereinafter) will be approximately the same between connection points of different dual wall fabrics as between connection points of the same dual wall fabric.
  • the dual wall fabrics 10 and 15 are connected together along a stitching line 16, which does not connect opposed fabric face cloths to back cloths and the converse.
  • a plurality of altemate strips are provided, each woven in the warp direction.
  • Adjacent to the strip 14, is a strip 17, of any suitable weave, for providing a fabric layer.
  • the strip 17 is woven by a Dobby head motion, by the conventional technique.
  • the strip 18, disposed adjacent thereto is woven by a Jacquard head motion, to also comprise a portion of a single fabric layer, spaced from an adjacent portion of the back cloth 12 disposed therebeneath (not shown).
  • alternate strips 20, 21 and 22, 23 are provided woven in a similar manner to those 17 and 18, respectively.
  • the end strip 24, between the strip 23 and the free edge 16 may be of the thickness of either of the strips 17, 20 or 22, but is illustrated as comprising approximately half that thickness for the purpose mentioned above, of facilitating the connection of the fabric 10 to the fabric 15.
  • connection points or zones 25 aligned within the strips 18, 21 and 23, and spaced equidistantly therefrom in a warp direction. Also, the connection points 25 are spaced so as to be in alignment in the weft direction, although such is not necessary, in that a staggered effect may be obtained, if desired.
  • connection point 25 is seen to have a periphery 26 of generally circular configuration. Such a configuration is one which allows minimum chances of stress concentration, although it is to be understood that an oval or other arcuate peripheral configuration would be more advantageous in this regard than a rectangular configuration, but less advantageous than a circular configuration.
  • the connection points 25 also each comprise two basic weave patterns, to complete the tie point pattern.
  • An outermost portion 27 is provided, comprising a compact rib weave, and surrounds an innermost portion 28 which is of square configuration and comprises an open mock leno weave.
  • This particular design with a circular tie point combines maximum strength of the rib weave at the circumference of the circle with an open center portion 28 which allows filtering of water under hydrostatic pressure between the back cloth l2 and the face cloth 11.
  • Warp strands 30 and 31 are illustrated being woven in a rib weave about the weft strands 32, to comprise the back cloth, with the strands 30 and 31 separating as they enter the periphery 26 of the circular connection point 25, the strands 30 and 31 then being woven around opposite sides of weft strands 33, through the zone 25, in the manner illustrated, to reenter the back cloth 12 as illustrated beneath of connection point 25.
  • the warp strands 36 and 37 which comprise components of the face cloth 11 are similarly woven about the weft strands 38, the weft strands 33, passing through the connection zone 25 and the weft strands 38 at the lower end of the schematic illustration of FIG. 5. It will be noted that the view of FIG. 5 is taken at the point that it does not include a schematic cross section of the rectangular portion 28 of the connection point 25, for clarity of illustration.
  • connection points 25 there is illustrated the manner in which concrete 40 tends to assume an oval configuration when pumped between opposed fabric layers 11 and 12 which are connected by connection points 25.
  • any type of filler material such as plastic foam or the like, in addition to concrete or cement may be utilized, all to be encompassed within the term concrete," as used herein.
  • other similar materials which lend themselves to conforming to a desired configuration in situ, such as water extended polyester may also be used.
  • a sleeve 41 having open ends 42 and 43 may be disposed between the opposed fabric layers 11 and 12, with the open ends 42 and 43 in abutment with inner surfaces of the layers 12 and 11 respectably.
  • a pair of opposed cups 44 and 45 are then provided, disposed over the ends of the sleeve 41, to engage fabric portions 46 and 47 and to clamp the same between the cups 44 and 45 and the inner bore of the sleeve 41, at the ends 42 and 43 thereof.
  • Flanges 48 and 50 extending outwardly from the cups 44 and 45 limit the entry of the cups 44 and 45 into the sleeve 41.
  • the cups 44 and 45 are provided with inner bores 51 and 52 respectively, such that the associated encircled fabric layer portions 53 and 54 may readily be removed at this time, if the same is desired.
  • the concrete 40 may be pumped into the space between the opposed layers 11 and 12, after the sleeve 41 is in place and the end caps or cups 44 and 45 secured in position, and after the concrete 40 sets up or hardens, the cups 44 and 45 may be removed and those portions 46 and 47 of the fabric layers 12 and 11 respectively may then be cut away.
  • a void or port 55 is provided, through the containment construction of FIG.
  • connection point comprises a connection zone.
  • any desired strand material may be used to comprise the warp and weft yarns, such as nylon, polypropylene, or split film yarns. Additional yarns may also comprise polyvinylchloride and polyolefin yarns of various types.
  • a dual wall containment fabric for use in containing a hardenable filler therein during setup having integrally woven thread strands connecting opposed fabric layers of double cloth weave wherein a plurality of said connecting strands cooperate to define a connection zone of generally circular configuration, with the opposed fabric layers in said zone being disposed against each other.
  • each said connection zone comprises an outermost portion of tight weave construction which surrounds an innermost portion of loose weave construction relative to said outermost portion.
  • a dual wall containment fabric having integrally woven connection points between opposed layers of the fabric, for
  • peripheral configuration comprises a substantially circular configuration.
  • each said connection point is of generally circular configuration.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
US764203A 1968-10-01 1968-10-01 Dual wall fabric with circular connection points Expired - Lifetime US3565125A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US76420368A 1968-10-01 1968-10-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3565125A true US3565125A (en) 1971-02-23

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US764203A Expired - Lifetime US3565125A (en) 1968-10-01 1968-10-01 Dual wall fabric with circular connection points

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3565125A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE735279A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1918009A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2019525A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1217802A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6905651A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3874177A (en) * 1973-06-11 1975-04-01 Nicolon Nv Pocket mat
US4154061A (en) * 1977-07-21 1979-05-15 Construction Techniques, Inc. Fabric forms for concrete
US4385648A (en) * 1981-01-19 1983-05-31 Intrusion-Prepakt, Incorporated Woven fabric form element for forming cast-in-place structures
US4476074A (en) * 1981-01-19 1984-10-09 Intrusion-Prepakt Incorporated Method and apparatus for forming cast-in-place structures
CN102277855A (zh) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-14 赵博坤 一种整体式砂肋软体排及其使用方法
WO2013076464A3 (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-12-05 University Of Ulster Woven formwork for construction
US8950974B2 (en) * 2012-08-16 2015-02-10 Seabed Technologies Llc Mat for sea floor installation

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0001161A1 (en) * 1977-08-24 1979-03-21 Ole Fjord Larsen A system for protection of an installation on the floor of a body of water and a method of using it
FR2614335B1 (fr) * 1987-04-23 1989-07-28 Boussac Saint Freres Bsf Materiau d'etancheite pour ouvrages en ciment ou beton et applications de ce materiau
FR2700352B3 (fr) * 1993-01-13 1995-03-10 Joel Queirel Perfectionnements à une feuille composite pour la réalisation d'ouvrages tels que des piscines, procédé de construction utilisant une telle feuille et ouvrages ainsi réalisés.
FR2700353B1 (fr) * 1993-01-13 1995-03-10 Joel Queirel Feuille composite pour la réalisation d'ouvrages tels que des piscines, procédé de construction utilisant une telle feuille et ouvrages ainsi réalisés.
DE102023113113A1 (de) * 2023-05-17 2024-11-21 MSD Vermögensverwaltung GmbH Textiles Flächengebilde zur Stabilisierung von Gebäuden und Bauteilen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2632480A (en) * 1950-08-26 1953-03-24 U S Plush Mills Inc Two-ply fabric for mattresses or the like
USRE24007E (en) * 1955-05-24 Corrugated fabric and method of making the same
US3008214A (en) * 1957-01-22 1961-11-14 Us Rubber Co Flexible inflatable fabric and method of making the same
US3294605A (en) * 1963-02-08 1966-12-27 Air Inflatable Products Corp Fabric for and method of making prefabricated inflatable structures
US3328218A (en) * 1962-04-09 1967-06-27 Noyes Howard Process of making a structural element

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE24007E (en) * 1955-05-24 Corrugated fabric and method of making the same
US2632480A (en) * 1950-08-26 1953-03-24 U S Plush Mills Inc Two-ply fabric for mattresses or the like
US3008214A (en) * 1957-01-22 1961-11-14 Us Rubber Co Flexible inflatable fabric and method of making the same
US3328218A (en) * 1962-04-09 1967-06-27 Noyes Howard Process of making a structural element
US3294605A (en) * 1963-02-08 1966-12-27 Air Inflatable Products Corp Fabric for and method of making prefabricated inflatable structures

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3874177A (en) * 1973-06-11 1975-04-01 Nicolon Nv Pocket mat
US4154061A (en) * 1977-07-21 1979-05-15 Construction Techniques, Inc. Fabric forms for concrete
US4385648A (en) * 1981-01-19 1983-05-31 Intrusion-Prepakt, Incorporated Woven fabric form element for forming cast-in-place structures
US4476074A (en) * 1981-01-19 1984-10-09 Intrusion-Prepakt Incorporated Method and apparatus for forming cast-in-place structures
CN102277855A (zh) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-14 赵博坤 一种整体式砂肋软体排及其使用方法
WO2013076464A3 (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-12-05 University Of Ulster Woven formwork for construction
US8950974B2 (en) * 2012-08-16 2015-02-10 Seabed Technologies Llc Mat for sea floor installation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2019525A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-03
GB1217802A (en) 1970-12-31
BE735279A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-12-01
NL6905651A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-03
DE1918009A1 (de) 1970-08-13

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