US3556927A - Compound filament of two polymers with different shrinkage capacities - Google Patents

Compound filament of two polymers with different shrinkage capacities Download PDF

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Publication number
US3556927A
US3556927A US729950A US3556927DA US3556927A US 3556927 A US3556927 A US 3556927A US 729950 A US729950 A US 729950A US 3556927D A US3556927D A US 3556927DA US 3556927 A US3556927 A US 3556927A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
filament
core
mantle
compound
filaments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US729950A
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English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Sommer
Fritz Wiloth
Helmut Werner
Rudolf Lotz
Gerhard Wick
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Glanzstoff AG
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Glanzstoff AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Glanzstoff AG filed Critical Glanzstoff AG
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Publication of US3556927A publication Critical patent/US3556927A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y10T428/2931—Fibers or filaments nonconcentric [e.g., side-by-side or eccentric, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester

Definitions

  • An improved compound filament having an eccentric core and mantle structure in which the mantle is a homopolyamide such as polyhexamethylene adipamide or polycaprolactam, and the core is a copolyetheramide of (A) adipic acid with (B) 2580 mol percent of hexamethylene diamine and 75-20 mol percent of an etherdiamine of the formula H N-(CH O(CH NH or n being 2, 3 or 4 and the mol percent being taken with reference to the mols of adipic acid.
  • a homopolyamide such as polyhexamethylene adipamide or polycaprolactam
  • the core is a copolyetheramide of (A) adipic acid with (B) 2580 mol percent of hexamethylene diamine and 75-20 mol percent of an etherdiamine of the formula H N-(CH O(CH NH or n being 2, 3 or 4 and the mol percent being taken with reference to the mols of adipic acid.
  • the term compound filaments is restricted to its technical definition of monoor multi-filament threads which are produced in a known manner by spinning two different polymer components through specially designed nozzles. These nozzles are equipped with certain devices which permit two different polymer spinning solutions or two different polymer spinning melts to be spun or extruded from the nozzle opening in such a manner as to cause the formation of core-mantle filaments, i.e. wherein one polymer forms the core or inner cross-section of the filament and the other polymer forms the mantle or outer cross-section as in a jacket or sheath around the core.
  • each of the two polymers may partly form the filament surface while also partly forming the center or interior of the filament.
  • the more strongly shrinking filament component should have a shrinkage capacity of at least 7% and that the difference in shrinkage capacity as between both components should amount to at least 10%, preferably 20%.
  • nylon polyhexamethylene adipamide or polycaprolactam
  • one of the filament components can also be a copolyamide or a copolyester.
  • Compound filaments which have been produced according to known processes with the use of various different polymer combinations, exhibit a more or less strong crimping effect after being subjected to a heat treatment.
  • the amount of crimping depends in part on the type of polymers combined and their composition and shrinkage properties.
  • a compound filament having an eccentric core-mantle structure and consisting of a polyamide and polyethylene terephthalate as the two polymers has been found to exhibit a crimping are number of 115 per 10 cm. after a treatment with water at C.
  • an improved melt-spun compound filament exhibiting an eccentric core and mantle structure can be achieved if it includes: (1) a mantle consistin of a homopolyamide, i.e. a typical fiber-forming polyamide having essentially only the recurring group NHCO- in an otherwise hydrocarbon structure, e.g.
  • polyhexamethylene adipamide or polycaprolactam and (2) a core consisting of a copolyetheramide obtained by the polycondensation of (A) adipic acid with (B) 25 to 80 mol percent, preferably about 50-60 mol percent, of hexamethylene diamine and 75 to 20 mol percent, preferably about 50-40 mol percent, of an etherdiamine of the formula wherein R denotes a member selected from the group consisting of O and O(CH -O with n being an integer of 2 to 4, said mol percent being taken with reference to the adipic acid.
  • the sum of the molar percentages of the hexamethylene diamine and the etherdiamine should of course be approximately mol percent with reference to the mols of adipic acid.
  • the proportion by weight of the mantle to the core should be maintained within a range of about 30:70 to 70:30, and the mantlezcore ratio is preferably about 50:50.
  • any of the known linear fiber-forming homopolyamides characterized by the recurring unit NHCO in an otherwise essentially hydrocarbon structure e.g. homopolymers of caprolactam or homopolymers of a number of dicarboxylic acid-diamine salts or their equivalent such as hexamethylene adipamide (the so-called AH-salt) or similar combinations of alkylene diamines NH (CH ),,NH and alkylene dicarboxylic acids HOOC(CH COOH, in which n is to 12, including cycloaliphatic diamines and dicarboxylic acids.
  • suitable homopolyamides include the homopolymer of amino-'undecanoic acid and the like, i.e. amino-alkanoic acids of about 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the copolyetheramides are successfully produced in any arbitrary ratio of etherdiamine:hexamethylenediamine with an about equimolar amount of adipic acid so as to achieve a copolymer of adequately high molecular weight and good fiber-forming properties.
  • These copolyetheramides possess a surprisingly high capacity for shrinkage.
  • the compound filaments according to the present invention are produced by the well-known melt-spinning process which is carried out at the usual temperatures for the melt-spinning of the homopolyamide employed as the mantle component. Conventional process conditions are employed throughout the fiber-forming procedure, and no changes or deviations are required either in the meltspinning process or in the stretching procedure.
  • the spun filaments were drawn oif at a linear velocity of 750 meters/minute from the nozzle, then 40 stretched cold in a ratio of 1:35 and finally taken up on a spool or bobbin.
  • Table II below, textile data is given for the compound filaments of the invention when using different compositions of the copolyetheramide as well as different proportions by weight in the core as com- 45 pared to the mantle. For purposes of comparison, data is also given for known compound filaments.
  • CRIMP EXTENSION A fiber sample of about one meter in length, which 55 had been treated in this manner, was first weighted with a load of 50 rug/denier, to the extent that the crimping was completely pulled out or extended. The extended fiber was fastened to the upper rim of a slightly inclined TABLE II Shrinkage Compound filament Percent Titer, in water,
  • Curve e or e polycaprolactam (1) and copolyamide (3), i.e. 80 mol percent caprolactam and mol percent hexamethylenediamine-adipic acid.
  • Curve or f polycaprolactam and polyethyleneterephthalate.
  • the mantle consists of the first-named polymer while the core is the second-named polymer.
  • the proportionate amounts or weight ratio of mantle:core are in all cases 50:50 and the filament titer is 40 denier (10 individual filaments).
  • the filaments were fixed on a frame with a clamping interval of cm. in each case and in such a manner that different shrinkage capacities were given. With a 10% shrinkage capacity, the clamped length of filament amounted for example to 33 cm., while at 80% shrinkage capacity, this length was 54 cm. The thus clamped filaments were next boiled for 60 minutes in water, then dried for 60 minutes in hot air (60 C.) and finally fixed for three minutes at 115 C. in saturated steam. The determination of the crimp extension was carried out, as described following Table II, with the difference that the length of the measured filament sample amounted to only 30 cm.
  • the crimp extension values as seen in FIG. 2 were determined by treating the filaments in water for two minutes at 95 C. under the various loads described by the diagram. From both diagrams, it will be apparent that the compound filaments according to the invention exhibit the most favorable crimping properties.
  • the compound filaments according to the invention resides in the fact that they have a capacity for shrinkage with a surprisingly high crimping even though they are merely immersed in water at room temperature.
  • the filaments produced in accordance with the invention also have the advantage that the core and mantle remain firmly connected with each other, primarily because of the much greater chemical or structural similarity of the two polymer components.
  • a mantle consisting of a homopolyamide and a core consisting of the copolyetheramide obtained by the polycondensation of (A) adipic acid with (B) 25 to 80 mol percent of hexamethylene diamine and 75 to 20% of an etherdiamine of the formula H N(CH -R.(CH NH wherein R denotes a member selected from the group consisting of O and O-(CH O with n being an integer of 2 to 4, said mol percent being taken with reference to the adipic acid.
  • a compound filament as claimed in claim 1 wherein the copolyetheramide is obtained by the polycondensation of (A) adipic acid with (B) about 50 to 60 mol percent of said hexamethylene diamine and about 50 to 40 mol percent of said etherdiamine.
  • a compound filament as claimed in claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of mantlezcore is about 30:70 to :30.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Polyamides (AREA)
US729950A 1967-05-18 1968-05-17 Compound filament of two polymers with different shrinkage capacities Expired - Lifetime US3556927A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1669436A DE1669436B2 (de) 1967-05-18 1967-05-18 Verbundfaden aus zwei verschieden stark schrumpfenden Polymeren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3556927A true US3556927A (en) 1971-01-19

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US729950A Expired - Lifetime US3556927A (en) 1967-05-18 1968-05-17 Compound filament of two polymers with different shrinkage capacities

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3556927A (xx)
AT (1) AT287172B (xx)
BE (1) BE714172A (xx)
CH (1) CH484298A (xx)
DE (1) DE1669436B2 (xx)
DK (1) DK118519B (xx)
FR (1) FR1563488A (xx)
GB (1) GB1225697A (xx)
IL (1) IL29940A (xx)
LU (1) LU55961A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL6806568A (xx)
SE (1) SE335589B (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882090A (en) * 1973-06-04 1975-05-06 Eastman Kodak Co Water-soluble polyamides from alkyleneoxy bis(propyl-amine)
US4128525A (en) * 1974-11-29 1978-12-05 Texaco Development Corp. Thermoplastic adhesives
US4182845A (en) * 1974-11-29 1980-01-08 Texaco Development Corporation Preparation of polyamide thermoplastic adhesive from polyoxypropylene polyamine and piperazine
US5091572A (en) * 1989-12-11 1992-02-25 Texaco Chemical Company Amine terminated polyamides
US5138097A (en) * 1989-12-11 1992-08-11 Texaco Chemical Company Amine terminated polyamides
US5179175A (en) * 1990-12-14 1993-01-12 Texaco Chemical Company Polyamides from polyetheramines, hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid
EP2130955A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2009-12-09 KB Seiren, Ltd. Conjugated fiber excellent in antistatic property, moisture absorption and cool touch feeling
EP2345754A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2011-07-20 KB Seiren, Ltd. Composite fiber for stockings

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882090A (en) * 1973-06-04 1975-05-06 Eastman Kodak Co Water-soluble polyamides from alkyleneoxy bis(propyl-amine)
US4128525A (en) * 1974-11-29 1978-12-05 Texaco Development Corp. Thermoplastic adhesives
US4182845A (en) * 1974-11-29 1980-01-08 Texaco Development Corporation Preparation of polyamide thermoplastic adhesive from polyoxypropylene polyamine and piperazine
US5091572A (en) * 1989-12-11 1992-02-25 Texaco Chemical Company Amine terminated polyamides
US5138097A (en) * 1989-12-11 1992-08-11 Texaco Chemical Company Amine terminated polyamides
US5179175A (en) * 1990-12-14 1993-01-12 Texaco Chemical Company Polyamides from polyetheramines, hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid
EP2130955A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2009-12-09 KB Seiren, Ltd. Conjugated fiber excellent in antistatic property, moisture absorption and cool touch feeling
EP2130955A4 (en) * 2007-04-04 2011-06-15 Kb Seiren Ltd ANTISTATIC COMPOSITE FIBER FRESH TO TOUCH AND ABSORBENT MOISTURE
JP5547474B2 (ja) * 2007-04-04 2014-07-16 Ｋｂセーレン株式会社 制電性、吸水性及び接触冷感性に優れた複合繊維
EP2345754A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2011-07-20 KB Seiren, Ltd. Composite fiber for stockings
EP2345754A4 (en) * 2008-09-30 2012-03-21 Kb Seiren Ltd COMPOSITE FIBER FOR LOW
JP5547643B2 (ja) * 2008-09-30 2014-07-16 Ｋｂセーレン株式会社 ストッキング用複合繊維

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL29940A (en) 1971-07-28
DE1669436B2 (de) 1975-09-18
AT287172B (de) 1971-01-11
GB1225697A (xx) 1971-03-17
SE335589B (xx) 1971-06-01
NL6806568A (xx) 1968-11-19
LU55961A1 (xx) 1968-04-24
CH484298A (de) 1970-01-15
DE1669436A1 (de) 1969-10-30
FR1563488A (xx) 1969-04-11
IL29940A0 (en) 1968-07-25
DK118519B (da) 1970-08-31
BE714172A (xx) 1968-09-16

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