US3547421A - Adjustable length for production of patented steel wire - Google Patents

Adjustable length for production of patented steel wire Download PDF

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Publication number
US3547421A
US3547421A US635776A US3547421DA US3547421A US 3547421 A US3547421 A US 3547421A US 635776 A US635776 A US 635776A US 3547421D A US3547421D A US 3547421DA US 3547421 A US3547421 A US 3547421A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wire
cooling
rotating tube
tract
temperature
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Expired - Lifetime
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US635776A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Hoffmann
Georg Bollig
Otto Doepper
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Schloemann AG
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Schloemann AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B39/00—Arrangements for moving, supporting, or positioning work, or controlling its movement, combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B39/14—Guiding, positioning or aligning work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C47/00—Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only
    • B21C47/26—Special arrangements with regard to simultaneous or subsequent treatment of the material
    • B21C47/262—Treatment of a wire, while in the form of overlapping non-concentric rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/84—Controlled slow cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
    • C21D9/5732—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling of wires; of rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B2045/0236—Laying heads for overlapping rings on cooling conveyor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
    • B21B45/0224—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes for wire, rods, rounds, bars

Definitions

  • the apparatus includes a wire feeding device, a rotating tube reel, a conveyor belt, a cooling tract and a coil collecting station, and may include a roofing tunnel and a vortex sheet bath.
  • This invention relates to a method ,of and means for the production of patented steel wire from the roll heat, wherein the wire, after leaving the last roll stand, is deposited in nonconcentric overlapping turns, with a temperature above the austenite conversion temperature, upon a conveyor, and is cooled, by controlled cooling means, for at least such a length of time that the conversion of the texture of the wire into ferrite and pearlite is completed.
  • patterning in such a way that the wire, over its entire length, acquires a uniform and quite ductile texture.
  • the most advantageous initial texture for the ensuing cold deformation consists of a uniform and unitary sorbite as finely striated or laminated as possible over its entire cross section, as far as possible without segregation of ferrite on the boundaries of the grains, and with the largest possible granules of sorbite.
  • This texture is aimed at by the patenting process, in which the wire is heated to temperatures above the A; temperature, mostly between 850 and HO C., and is maintained for some time usually from I to 2 minutes, in the austenitic range. Thereupon a rapid cooling is efl'ected by immersing the wire in a lead bath or a salt bath'of about 500 to 550 C., or by means of an air blast, the austenitic texture being converted into a fine pearlitic to sorbitic texture.
  • wire rod rolling mills are already known, in which the wire, after leaving the last roll stand, is precooled in a cooling water section, and thereupon deposited in coils, or else in nonconcentric overlapping turns, upon a conveying means, and further cooled, by controlled air cooling, at least until the conversion of the texture of the wire into ferrite and pearlite is completed.
  • this is attained by the feature that the wire, after being deposited upon the conveyor, is maintained above the austenite conversion temperature until the texture of the wire has reached a size of grain below or equal to according to the ASTM standard.
  • the wire In connection with the holding time above the austenite conversion temperature, the wire is cooled such a way that the desired texture formation occurs.
  • Thecooling may be differently effected, for instance in air, advantageouslyalso in lead or salt baths, or in the vortex bed, tobe described below.
  • the wire is deposited upon the conveyor at a temperature of from 50 to C. above the conversion temperature.
  • a further feature of the invention consists in the fact that the temperature of the turns of wire, in the range above the conversion temperature, is influenced in the direction of being maintained constant.
  • a temperature as possible can according to the invention on the one hand be attained by counteracting a loss of heat of the turns of wire by thermal insulation.
  • a loss of heat of the turns of wire can be counteracted by supplying heat.
  • apparatus is to ensure that the lying time of the turns of wire upon the conveyor belt before the cooling tract is adjustable in such a way that in dependence upon the cross section of the wire, the temperature on leaving the rolls, and the quality of the wire, the most advantageous temperature of the wire in each instance can be selected at its entry into the cooling tract.
  • the length ratio of the wire feed running through from the rolled wire with the rolling speed, between the last roll stand and the rotating tube reel on the one hand, and the stretch of the conveyor belt between the rotating tube reel and the cooling tract that is traversed by the fannedout rolled wire with the speed of transport of the conveyor belt on the other hand are varied at will and over wide limits, which results in a considerable variation of the time between the exit of the rolled stock from the last roll stand and the entry of the rolled stock into the cooling tract,- and therefore in a change in the temperature of the rolled stock upon its entry into the cooling tract.
  • the apparatus according to the invention renders it possible, by simple means, to adjust reliably the most advantageous temperature of the wire for the most varied qualities and dimensions at its entry into the cooling tract.
  • the constructional expenditure connected with the mobility of the rotating tube reel is simplified, according to a further feature of the invention, by the fact that the rotating tube reel is provided with a rotating tube revolving about a horizontal axis, which is followed by a device for tilting the turns of wire over, the. axis of the rotating tube being arranged in substantially rectilinear alignment with the direction of rolling.
  • the wire feeding device in order to obviate the straightening or adjusting of the guiding tubes connected with the reconstruction of the wire feeding device, and to shorten the time occupied by the reconstruction, the wire feeding device, according to an additional feature of the invention, consists of individual guiding tubes secured to rockable arms, these guiding tubes beingso arranged as to be rockable in and out, individually or in groups, transversely to the direction of feed of the wire.
  • the rockable arms holding positions are allocated for the inwardly and outwardly rocked positions of the guiding tubes.
  • An advantageous development of the invention consists moreover in the feature that above the conveyor belt, between the rotating tube reel and the cooling tract, a thermally insulating roofing tunnel, adjustable to the particular distance between these, and wholly or partly covering the conveyor "belt between the rotating tube reel and the cooling tract, is
  • the rotating tube reel variable in its distance from the cooling tract, in combination with the thermally insulating roofing tunnel, the grain growth and the scale formation, as well as the entry temperature of the wire into the cooling medium, admit of being influenced in a manner which is advantageous for the drawing of the wire.
  • the cooltunnel is so far slackened that the distance from the rotating tube reel to the cooling tract can be desired entry temperature of the wire into the cooling medium, also a sufficiently long lying time for the grain growth upon the conveyor belt.
  • the roofing tunnel may be filled with a neutral gas.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wire treating plant, in conjunction with a rolling mill, in a greatly simplified representation
  • FIG. 2 shows an isothermal ZTU diagram for steel of medium carbon content and fine grained texture, with a diagrammatic representation of different methods of cooling;
  • FIG. 4 shows a side view of the movable rotating tube reel according to the invention, in the front'end position, with the wire feeding device swung out;
  • FIG. 5 shows the rotating tube reel in its rear end position, with the wire feeding device swung in; and I v FIG. 6 shows a section through the wirefeeding device in'a direction towards the rotating tube reel.”
  • I I In FIG. I, the rolled wire, after leaving the last roll stand I, passes through a wire guide 2, which, according to the quality of the steel, serves also as a cooling-water tract for the rolled wire, and is then deposited, bya laying device 3, in connection with a tripping edge'4, in nonconcentric overlapping turns,
  • the turns of wire after being deposited upon the conveying device 5, first traverse a grain growth stretch 6, in which the wire temperature, either by thermal insulation or by supplying heat, is kept as constant as possible, the atmosphere surrounding the turns of wirebeing nonoxidising
  • the supply of heat may be effected either. by electric heating and by gas heating, the gas heating presenting the advantage of producing in a simple manner, by burning without an excess of air, a nonoxidising atmosphere, and thus counteracting excessive scaling of the wire.
  • the turns of wire pass through a cooling tract ,7, in which, by a controlled air cooling means not shown, the conversion of the texture of the wire from austenite to ferrite and pearlite is'carried out in a known manner.
  • the curve a represents the progressof the cooling in lead patenting
  • the curve b represents in a simplified form the progress of the cooling of a steelwire, which, after leaving the last roll stand, and after passing through a cooling- I ture, and is then maintained, up to the end of conversion, at an approximately constant temperature.
  • the cooling curve crosses the conversion lines as precisely as possible at the,
  • the speed of cooling of the method according to the curve b is however so controlled that the cooling curve b crosses the inner line in the ZTIJ diagram, that is tosay, the line of the completed pearlite conversion, as nearly as possible in the neighbourhood of the peak.
  • ferrite is separated out first, and then .pearlite, which, with time, always becomes more finely Iaminated,and, at the endof the conversion, also contains portions of sorbite.
  • FIG. 2 the conversion lines for a fine grained steel with a medium carbon content are marked
  • the conversion lines in FIG. 3 are those of a coarse grained steel with the same carbon content, wherein the beginning and the end of the conversion in the pearliterange are shifted to longer times.
  • this method has,-according to the curve 0 as compared with that of the curve b, a slower cooling speed, that is to say, the curve 0 crosses the conversion range more flatly, and approaches the curve a, so that with the method according to the invention the pearlite turns out to be more finely laminated than with the cooling of a fine grained wire texture.
  • the rectilinear representation of the cooling curves b and c is not quite correct, in so far as the speed of cooling with a falling temperature, owing to the decreasing temperature difference from the cooling air, is likewise smaller, and furthermore, with the allotropic conversion of austentite into ferrite, heat is liberated, and moreover in the ZTU diagram, time is generally marked on a logarithmic scale. Since however the curves b and c have been represented with the same defect, the qualitative comparison of the two cooling curves is not upset thereby. A comparison of the cooling curves in the complicated continuous ZTU diagram would yield exactly the same result.
  • the rolled wire after leaving the last roll stand 1, likewise passes through a wire feeding device 2, and is then deposited, by a rotating tube reel 3, with a rotary tube 14 revolving about a horizontal axis, in conjunction with a tripping edge 4 which lays the turns of wire over, in nonconcentric overlapping turns upon a conveyor belt 5, and by the latter, after passing through a cooling tract 7 that serves for the conversion of texture, is supplied to a coil collecting application 8.
  • the wire may be slightly precooled by means of water, which will be particularly advantageous in the case of wire of thick cross sections, in order not to have to build the precooling tract on the conveyor belt particularly long with respect to these wire cross sections.
  • the cooling tract 7 may be constructed in a known manner as a lead, salt or vortex sheet bath, through which the conveyor belt, with the turns of wire lying upon it, is guided on rails. ,1
  • the vortex sheet bath which is preferably employed in the present invention is produced in a container in such a way that gas, supplied through tubes not showmpasses through the pores of a gas-permeable plate, likewise not shown, and in so doing whirls up or pseudoliquefies a layer, resting upon the plate, of rather small and very small particles of the cooling medium. Since the speed of cooling of the turns of wire depends not only upon the thermal conductivity of the cooling medium but also upon its temperature differences from the cooling medium, the effectiveness of the vortex sheet bath can be further increased by adjusting the temperature in its front portion considerably lower than in the middle and in its rear portion, where it should amount to about 500 to 600 C., according to the quality of the wire.
  • the space underneath the gas-permeable plate is diyided into individual chambers, into which the gas is supplied at different tempera tures, increasing from the beginning of the vortex sheet bath to the end of it. If necessary, nonoxidising' gas may here be em ployed, in order to reduce the formation of scale.
  • the apparatus may in a simple manner'be so designed that wires of qualities which do not need to pass through the cooling tract are passed above the latter, for instance by raising the rails that guide the conveyor belt. This is particularly simple to accomplish with a vortex sheet bath, in which the depth of the bath sinks considerably when the gas that whirls up the cooling medium is switched off. V
  • the rotating tube reel 3 is so arranged as to be movable on rails 9 over the front region of the conveyor belt 5 substantially parallel to the direction of conveyance as far as a point in front of the coolin tract 7 so that the distance between the rotating tube reel and the beginning of the cooling tract 7, or
  • the lying time of the turns of wire upon the conveyor belt 5, up to the entry into the cooling tract 7, can be adapted to comply with particular requirements.
  • guiding tubes 10 which are secured to rockable arms 11, and are so arranged as to be rockable in and out, individually or in groups, transversely to the direction of feed of the wire.
  • To the arms 11 are allocated in each case a holding station 12 for the rocked-in position and a holding station 13 for the rocked-out position of the guiding tubes 10.
  • a heat insulating roofing tunnel 6 which is subdivided into equal individual lengths to correspond to the length of the guiding tubes 10, so that the roofing tunnel 6 can be adjusted to the existing distance between the rotating tube reel 3 and the cooling tract.
  • the roofing tunnel 6 is in the first place for the purpose ofcounteracting, with definite qualities of steel wire, a too rapid cooling of the turns of wire, by thermal insulation, and of keeping the temperature of the wire, over the entire length of the roofing tunnel 6, sufficiently high above the conversion temperature to promote the growth of the grains.
  • the roofing tunnel may be filled with neutral gas, in order to obviate the formation of scale in the case of qualities in which, on any of the grounds described, a lying time before the cooling in the cooling tract is desirable.
  • Apparatus for the production of patented steel wire comprising: a rotating tube reel, a wire feeding device preceding the rotating tube reel, a conveyor belt following the rotating tube reel, the said reel being adapted to deposite the wire in nonconcentric overlapping turns upon the moving conveyor belt, a cooling tract provided in the rear region of the conveyor belt for the conversion of texture, and a coil collecting station at the end of the conveyor belt, the distance between the rotating tube reel and the beginning of the cooling tract being adjustable, the rotating tube reel being adapted to travel over the front region of the conveyor belt, in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of conveyance nearly up to the beginning of the cooling tract, and the wire feeding device being adjustable to the change in the feeding length that is associated with the travel of the rotating tube reel.
  • Apparatus for the production of patented steel wire as claimed in claim 1 the rotating tube reel including a rotary tube revolving about a horizontal axis approximately in rectilinear alignment with the direction of rolling, and the apparatus further comprising an appliance for tilting over the turns of the wire.
  • Apparatus for the production of patented steel wire as claimed in claim 1 comprising: rockable arms, and individual guiding tubes carried by the rockable arms, the said arms being rockable transversely to the direction of wire guidance, into and out of an operable position, individually and in groups.
  • Apparatus for the production of patented steel wire as claimed in claim 1 further comprising: a thermally insulating roof tunnel removably arranged over at least the part of the conveyor belt between the rotating tube reel and the cooling tract, the said roof tunnel being adjustable to the variable distance between the said reel and the cooling tract, and

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
US635776A 1966-05-07 1967-05-03 Adjustable length for production of patented steel wire Expired - Lifetime US3547421A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESC038955 1966-05-07
DESC039742 1966-10-26

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US3547421A true US3547421A (en) 1970-12-15

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US635776A Expired - Lifetime US3547421A (en) 1966-05-07 1967-05-03 Adjustable length for production of patented steel wire

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US (1) US3547421A (de)
AT (2) AT300001B (de)
BE (1) BE698054A (de)
DE (2) DE1508442A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1180991A (de)
LU (1) LU53498A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6706383A (de)
SE (1) SE332197B (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3718024A (en) * 1971-02-12 1973-02-27 Morgan Construction Co Apparatus including a fluidized bed for cooling steel rod through transformation
US3770025A (en) * 1970-12-28 1973-11-06 Krupp Gmbh Wire-loop stacker
US3940967A (en) * 1975-01-10 1976-03-02 Morgan Construction Company Apparatus for controlled cooling hot rolled steel rod in direct sequence with rod mill
US4088160A (en) * 1977-05-10 1978-05-09 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Wire handling apparatus
JPS5686620A (en) * 1979-12-14 1981-07-14 Nippon Steel Corp Cooling apparatus for hot rolled rod material
EP0136477A1 (de) * 1980-01-10 1985-04-10 MORGAN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY (a Massachusetts corporation) Wärmebehandlung von Stabstahl
EP0169827A1 (de) * 1984-07-23 1986-01-29 Arbed S.A. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Hartstahldraht
US4830684A (en) * 1986-11-27 1989-05-16 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Process for heat treating a carbon steel wire

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3930900A (en) * 1974-10-21 1976-01-06 Morgan Construction Company Process for cooling hot rolled steel rod
US4168993A (en) * 1978-08-10 1979-09-25 Morgan Construction Company Process and apparatus for sequentially forming and treating steel rod
DE2932729C2 (de) * 1979-08-13 1987-08-20 Kocks Technik GmbH & Co, 4000 Düsseldorf Kühlstrecke zum Abkühlen von walzwarmem Draht
DE3817237C2 (de) * 1988-05-20 1997-02-27 Krenn Walter Verfahren und Druckkühlaggregat zum Abkühlen durchlaufenden heißen Produktionsguts aus Stahl und anderem, durch Führen des Wärmeentzugs über stufenlos regelbare Druckwasser-Stauränder
DE4203067A1 (de) * 1992-02-04 1993-08-05 Schloemann Siemag Ag Anlage zum kontrollierten abkuehlen von draht aus der walzhitze
DE19653062A1 (de) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-25 Schloemann Siemag Ag Ferritisches Wickeln von Draht bzw. Stabstahl
DE19962801A1 (de) 1999-12-23 2001-06-28 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren zum Wärmebehandeln von Draht
CN105238915A (zh) * 2015-09-17 2016-01-13 苏州新协力特种工业模板有限公司 一种钢铁件可控冷却装置

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3770025A (en) * 1970-12-28 1973-11-06 Krupp Gmbh Wire-loop stacker
US3718024A (en) * 1971-02-12 1973-02-27 Morgan Construction Co Apparatus including a fluidized bed for cooling steel rod through transformation
US3940967A (en) * 1975-01-10 1976-03-02 Morgan Construction Company Apparatus for controlled cooling hot rolled steel rod in direct sequence with rod mill
US4088160A (en) * 1977-05-10 1978-05-09 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Wire handling apparatus
JPS5686620A (en) * 1979-12-14 1981-07-14 Nippon Steel Corp Cooling apparatus for hot rolled rod material
JPS6043808B2 (ja) * 1979-12-14 1985-09-30 新日本製鐵株式会社 熱間圧延線材の冷却設備
EP0136477A1 (de) * 1980-01-10 1985-04-10 MORGAN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY (a Massachusetts corporation) Wärmebehandlung von Stabstahl
EP0169827A1 (de) * 1984-07-23 1986-01-29 Arbed S.A. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Hartstahldraht
US4830684A (en) * 1986-11-27 1989-05-16 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Process for heat treating a carbon steel wire
US4964621A (en) * 1986-11-27 1990-10-23 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Apparatus for heat treating a carbon steel wire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1508443A1 (de) 1969-10-23
AT303783B (de) 1972-12-11
GB1180991A (en) 1970-02-11
BE698054A (de) 1967-10-16
AT300001B (de) 1972-07-10
NL6706383A (de) 1967-11-08
DE1508442A1 (de) 1969-10-23
DE1508443B2 (de) 1970-12-17
LU53498A1 (de) 1967-06-26
SE332197B (de) 1971-02-01

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