US3545934A - Chemical package - Google Patents

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US3545934A
US3545934A US764850A US3545934DA US3545934A US 3545934 A US3545934 A US 3545934A US 764850 A US764850 A US 764850A US 3545934D A US3545934D A US 3545934DA US 3545934 A US3545934 A US 3545934A
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reaction
compartment
section
reaction compartment
disposable
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US764850A
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Vernon W Dryden
Donald L Johnston
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Xerox Corp
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Xerox Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5085—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations

Definitions

  • This application relates to the lower reaction compartment section of a disposable reaction container having a unique configuration adapted to promote coupling of the ultrasonic energy from an ultrasonic generating means adjacent thereto with materials held within the reaction compartment.
  • the unique design includes a fiat portion at the bottom of each reaction compartment, and upwardly extending bottom Wall portions connecting said flat portion to the four side walls of the reaction compartment whereby said flat portion is positioned as the lowest point within the reaction compartment. Solid materials, especially in tablet form, added to the reaction compartment will be preferentially positioned over the flat portion such that highly effective coupling is attained when the flat portion is properly positioned over the adjacent ultrasonic generating means.
  • This invention relates to automatic chemical analysis and, more particularly, to the automatic chemical ana ysis of body fluids, such as blood, urine, etc.
  • an automated chemical analytical system including a plurality of different disposable reaction containers, a magazine for the storage of the plurality of different reaction containers, a station for the addition of sample material to the reaction container, a mixing and incubation station wherein the reaction mixture is maintained in the disposable container for a period of time suffcient to culminate the chemical reaction, a detection station wherein the analytical data is obtained by monitoring one or more of the physical properties of the reaction mixture, a disposal station wherein the disposable reaction container is eliminated from the system, and means to transport the disposable reaction container from its storage area in the magazine through the system to the disposal station.
  • the heart of the system is the disposable reaction container which, in its broad aspects, has at least one lower compartment for the admixing and reaction of reagents and sample, and an upper section having a plurality of reagent storage chambers in communication with each reaction compartment.
  • At least one wall or end portion of the reaction compartment may be optically transparent so that upon completion of the desired chemical reaction the compartment can be utilized as a cuvette for optical analysis.
  • none of the walls need be optically transparent as a probe photometer, such as the one disclosed in Gale 3,164,663, may be inserted into the reaction mixture and electromagnetic radiation from a source passed through a radiation conductor, the reaction mixture and back through the radiation conductor to a detection means, without the necessity of passing through the compartment walls.
  • the disposable 3,545,934 Patented Dec. 8, 1970 reaction container in this application has a flexible lower compartment, i.e., one having at least one flexible wall, so that during analysis a light source and a detection means pressed against the flexible wall or walls defining the lower cuvette(s) will cause the wall(s) to yield a distance suflicient to define a fixed optical path between the light source and the detection means through the reaction mixture.
  • the automatic analytical apparatus includes monitoring means having a light source and a means responsive to the variations in light transmittance caused by different concentrations of a constituent under analysis in the reaction mixture.
  • the light source and the responsive means are pressed against opposite sides of the reaction compartment or cuvette during analysis to define a fixed optical path through the reaction mixture.
  • reaction container can be mass produced and disposed of after use without significant cost.
  • the lower section of the disposable reaction container comprises positioned walls adapted to channel the material added thereto to a portion of the lower compartment defined by a substantially rectangular volume.
  • a still lower compartment can be provided for the storage therein of a magnetic stirring bar so that thorough mixing of added materials can be achieved through use of urging means magnetically coupled to said magnetic stirring bar.
  • the stirring bar has to be inert, or at least inert up to the time for final optical analysis, to the diverse chemical mixtures which will be formed in the disposable reaction containers during the course of analysis.
  • the automatic analytical system would be utilized in conducting numerous analytical tests, on the order of at least 15 to 20, it can be seen that such stirring bars would be subjected to various chemical mixtures, any of which might have some deleterious effect upon the stirring bar such that the analytical results might not be truly representative. It was, therefore, necessary to encase the magnetic member in an inert envelope.
  • the contemplation of the use of the magnetic stirring bar necessitated the provision of a compartment for the storage thereof such that when it was not in use it would settle into that compartment. This would, if properly used, cause the magnetic stirring bar to be out of the optical path during analysis. On occasion, it was found that the stirring bar would not properly position itself in its storage compartment and thus would interfere with the analysis.
  • the stirring bar had the tendency to scratch side walls of the reaction compartment thereby marring the optical window through which analysis was made. Among other things, this caused diffusion of the optical beam thereby adversely affecting the analytical results.
  • Yet a still further object of the present invention is to provide a novel lower reaction compartment section of a disposable reaction container, said novel lower section being suitable for use with ultrasonic mixing means for enhancing the mixing action of said means.
  • Yet a still further object of the present invention is to provide a novel disposable reaction container and, in particular, the lower reaction compartment section thereof, of such a design that it effectively couples the transducing action of an ultrasonic mixer thereby aiding in the rapid and substantial dissolution of tableted material into a liquid material held in contact therewith in the reaction compartment( s) defined thereby.
  • the improved disposable reaction container has a uniquely configurated lower compartment section for the admixing and reaction of reagents and sample materials added thereto, the configuration of said lower section acting to promote enhanced coupling between an ultrasonic generating mixer adjacent thereto and the materials added to the reaction compartments.
  • the unique design includes a flat portion at the bottom of each reaction compartment, and upwardly extending bottom wall portions connecting said fiat portion to the four side walls of the reaction compartment whereby said flat portion is positioned as the lowest point within the reaction compartment. Solid materials added to the reaction compartment will be preferentially positioned over the flat portion such that highly effective coupling is attained when the flat portion is properly positioned over adjacent ultrasonic generating means.
  • At least the lower portion of one pair of opposite side walls are substantially vertical for a sutficient distance to permit the use of said vertical portions as optical windows through which analysis is made.
  • the substantially vertical side wall portions are preferably disposed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the disposable reaction container.
  • the lower reaction compartment section should be made from an optically transparent material which will not adversely affect optical analysis. Plastic materials are presently preferred since they can be suitably heat sealed to bond the reaction compartment section of: the disposable reaction container to an upper reagent storage section suitably positioned thereon, as to be described hereinafter.
  • the walls of the reaction compartment can be trans parent and rigid, the distance between one pair of opposite walls defining a fixed optical path through the reaction mixture.
  • This fixed optical path or fixed distance between the pair of opposite walls is equal, within certain tolerances, for each disposable reaction container representing a single chemical analysis whereby reproducibility and reliability of analytical data and results can be achieved.
  • At least one pair of opposite walls are sufliciently flexible so that a fixed optical path through the reaction mixture can be defined by contacting a light source means against one wall and a detection means against the other wall.
  • the walls yield a distance suflicient to define a fixed optical path between the light source and the detection means through the reaction mixture.
  • higher than atmospheric pressure means can be positioned over the upper storage section so that a relatively inert gas, such as nitrogen, can be admitted to each reaction compartment through a hole made in the upper section during sample addition.
  • the side walls will be bowed outwardly and can be made to press up against accurately positioned optical path defining means.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the lower section of the disposable reaction container of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the lower reaction compartment section of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an end view of the lower reaction compartment section of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 1-3 there is shown a disposable reaction container lower section 10 having two separate lower compartments 12 and 14 for the admixing and reaction of materials added thereto.
  • Each lower compartment has a small flat portion 16 at the bottom thereof which serves to couple the ultrasonic energy from an adjacent ultrasonic generating means to the materials previously added to the reaction compartment.
  • Flat portion 16 is preferably symmetrical about the nonvertical dimensions of the respective reaction compartment and has dimensions on the order of, for example, about one-third to about one-fifth the dimensions of the opening at the top of the reaction compartment defined by flange 46 and the side walls 26, 28, 34 and 36 (or their extensions most closely adjacent flange 46). From the edges of each flat portion, the walls defining the lower portion of each reaction compartment are slightly rounded and/or, as shown, substantially flat surfaces diverging slightly upwardly toward the remaining side walls further defining the reaction compartment.
  • slightly rounded wall portions 18 and 20 which connect opposite edges 22 and 24 of flat portion 16 with upwardly diverging side walls 26 and 28, respectively, can best be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • each flat portion 16 is connected to substantially vertical side walls 34 and 36, respectively, by substantially flat portions 33 and 40.
  • the actual connection between substantially flat portions 38 and 40 and walls 34 and 36, respectively, is a slightly rounded connection 42 and 44, as can best be seen in FIG. 3.
  • flat wall portion 16, rounded wall portions 18 and 20 and substantially flat wall portions 38 and 40 define the lower extremity of each compartment such that flat portion 16, when properly positioned over an ultrasonic generating means, effectively couples the ultrasonic energy produced thereby with the materials previously admixed in the reaction compartment. This is particularly advantageous where tableted materials have been dispensed into the reaction compartment over fiat bottom wall portion 16. Effective coupling of the ultrasonic energy to the solid material, which requires additional energy for completely dispersing it into liquid material previously added to the reaction compartment, is thereby achieved.
  • compartments 12 and 14 terminate in a horizontal flange 46 which encircles the upper perimeter of the two compartments and holds them together as a distinct unit.
  • Each flat wall portion 16 is parallel or substantially parallel with horizontal flange 46.
  • Substantially vertical side walls 34 and 36 do not vertically extend all the way to flange 46 but rather, as shown, diverge outwardly as walls 34 and 36 which terminate in a short leg 34 and 36", respectively, just prior to their intersection with flange 46, the legs 34" and 36 being substantially perpendicular to the flange.
  • walls 26 and 28 also terminate in short legs 26 and 28' just prior to their intersection with flange 46, legs 26 and 28' also being substantially perpendicular to the flange.
  • the short legs 26, 28, 34" and 36" define a positive aligning area which can be properly manipulated during manufacture as well as transportation through the aforementioned automatic analyzer. If desired this positive aligning area can be omitted whereby the walls defining each reaction compartment will diverge upwardly and outwardly until they intersect with the encircling flange. Side walls 26, 28, 34 and 36, or their extensions, intersect at rounded corners, for example as shown at 48.
  • each reaction compartment defines a substantially rectangular opening through which materials are added thereto.
  • the shape of the opening is not critical as long as it will not interfere with the introduction of sample material and reagents.
  • a distinct barrier 50 is provided between the compartments such that material from one compartment cannot be mixed with material from the other compartment.
  • a restraining layer Resting on flange 46 and barrier 50 is a restraining layer (not shown) and an upper storage section (also not shown).
  • a suitable upper storage section can be seen in copending application Ser. No. 645,665 filed June 13, 1967, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
  • Other suitable upper storage sections are shown in copending application Ser. Nos. 693,400; 693,401; 693,- 628; 693,629; all filed Dec. 26, 1967, now US. Nos. 3,477,821, 3,480,398, 3,480,399 and 3,477,822 respectively and also assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
  • the particular advantages of the various upper storage sections are indicated in the respective applications.
  • each upper section structure previously disclosed is that they have storage chambers, usually in the form of top-hats, in which reagents are stored prior to their deposition into the reaction cornpartment(s) therebelow.
  • the upper section also has a flange extending about the lower perimeter of the plurality of reagent storage chambers. One side of this flange which extends the length of the disposable reaction container is slightly wider than the border that encircles the remainder of the upper storage section.
  • Flange 46- which encircles the lower section of the present invention also has such a wider portion which is indicated at 52.
  • each member is formed out of a plastic material which can be heat sealed to the adjacent member to provide an exceptionally strong bond which cannot be broken under normal use.
  • the wider portion of the flange encircling the perimeter of the upper storage section, overlying portion 52 of the lower section, is sufliciently wide so that a code area 54 can be provided between inner bond 56 and outer bond 58.
  • Any suitable type of coding can be placed on the code area to indicate or record any information which desirably should be known during a chemical analysis, such as the actual test which has been pre-stored in the particular disposable reaction container, patient number, instructions for the associated automatic analytical apparatus and system, analytic results, etc.
  • Typical codes include binary coding in the form of light and dark areas, magnetic coding, etc.
  • a complete disposable container is taken from a supply magazine and passed to a sample addition station where the proper amount of sample diluted with distilled water is aliquoted into the reaction compartment.
  • This addition is accomplished by injecting the sample solution through a needle which has been inserted through the plastic layer(s) forming the upper storage section.
  • this insertion is made at a point which will not cause undue rotation of the supported container.
  • the insertion for each compartment can be made at a point approximately equidistant from the centers of the four storage chambers.
  • the sample-holding container is then passed to a reagent addition station wherein reagents stored in the storage chambers are emptied into the appropriate compartments.
  • Reagent addition can be done in one operation or it can be done sequentially as it is necessary to complete the analytical procedure. If done sequentially, the addition can be done during or after incubation. In essence, reagents can be added any time prior to final detection as determined by the particular analytical procedure utilized.
  • the container is passed to a mixing station where it is maintained for a time sufficient to ensure the dissolution of all solid materials in the liquid contained in the lower compartments.
  • the container next passes to an incubation station where appropriate reaction conditions are imposed upon the materials within the container for a time suflicient to complete the desired reaction which is then measured at a detection station. If necessary the package passes to a further reagent addition, mixing and incubation stations as dictated by the analytical procedure. It is not necessary that the mixing and incubation stations be separate and distinct as it is contemplated that these operations may be performed in
  • light of appropriate wavelength is passed from a light source through the reaction mixture to detection means situated on the opposie side of the reaction mixture from the light source.
  • the amount of light transmitted (or, conversely, the amount of light absorbed) at the testing wavelength will be representative of the amount of the constituent under analysis in the test solution.
  • the disposable container as shown in the drawings is used in conjunction with a double-beam detection mechanism.
  • one compartment there is providing a solution of the material being tested with all the reagents which will bring the reaction mixture to the desired point for analysis.
  • the other compartment contains a solution of the material being tested in the absence of reagents.
  • one or more reagents can be added to this latter solution, provided the reagents do not carry the reaction to completion or do not adversely affect, in any other way, the optical analysis.
  • This latter solution is called a critically incomplete blank and will enable the analytical system to compensate for the effects of the sample and the reagents added thereto.
  • standard solutions are passed through the detection mechanism at intervals so that the latter can adjust for deviations which occur during operation.
  • a disposable container having three compartments, and the plurality of storage chambers associated with each compartment where reagents need be added, is provided for use with a triple-beam detection mechanism.
  • the standard solution can be injected into the disposable container at any point in the system prior to optical analysis and will obviate the need for passing distinct disposable container holding standards through the system.
  • standard solution-producing materials can be stored in the upper section, dispensed into the lower compartment and diluted to give the desired concentration.
  • the detection mechanism will analyze the standard and adjust for deviations from the known value. The analysis of the materials in the other two compartments is conducted in accordance with the teachings above. If one wishes to conduct an extremely precise analysis and take into consideration every possible influencing factor, additional lower compartments can be built into the disposable container for the introduction of such factors and the analysis thereof. Thus, adjustments can be made which will compensate for the effect which these materials have upon the particular analysis.
  • light from the light source and light which has passed through the reaction mixture can be conducted to the disposable container and the detection means, respectively, through light conduits which can be caused to contact an opposite pair of rigid walls which comprise a portion of the lower compartment.
  • these conduits contact the substantially vertical walls (i.e., 34- and 36) of each reaction compartment.
  • the optical path is defined by the distance between the opposite walls of the lower compartment against which the light conduits, or the equivalent thereof, are in contact.
  • This optional form of optical analysis is shown in FIG. 5 of Ser. No. 645,665, now abandoned.
  • higher than atmospheric pressure means can be positioned over the upper storage section so that a relatively inert gas can be admitted to the reaction compartment through the hole made in the upper section during sample addition.
  • the flexible walls will be bowed outwardly and can be made to contact accurately positioned optical path-defining means.
  • optical path defining means is now built into the detection station and, as would be expected, significantly less detection stations should be produced than disposable containers. Since a fixed optical path is defined by the detection station and will be the same for each container passing therethrough, highly accurate and reliable data can be obtained with this system.
  • this form of optical analysis can be used in a doubleor triple-beam detection mode, as described above.
  • higher than atmospheric pressure means can be positioned over the upper storage section so that a relatively inert gas, for example nitrogen, can be admitted to the reaction compartment through holes made in the upper section during sample addition.
  • a relatively inert gas for example nitrogen
  • each detection station means there is provided within each detection station means to define an optical path which will be maintained constant for each disposable reaction container representing like chemical testing units.
  • the number of reagent tablets necessary will depend upon the particular analysis being pre-packaged into the disposable container as well as the compatibility of the dilferent reagents. In certain instances, it is possible to tablet more than one reagent in a single tablet. However, where it is contemplated that the disposable containers will be prepared long before their actual use, the compatibility of the reagents over this long period of time must clearly be established. If this cannot be done, then it is desirable to tablet the reagents separately. In turn, the number of storage chambers will depend upon the number of reagent tablets utilized. It Will also depend upon the particular storage section design chosen.
  • the flat portion and the upwardly diverging wall portions connecting the fiat portion to the vertical or substantially Vertical side walls are substantially thinner than the side walls in order to allow ease of transmission of the ultrasonic energy through the lower surfices (i.e., the flat portion and the upwardly diverging wall portions) and to minimize ultrasonic motion of the remaining portions of the reaction container.
  • the reaction containers can be manufactured in a thermo-forming operation where the adjustment of various operating parameters, such as temperature, pressure, mold surface spacing, etc., will promote the production of reaction containers where the thickness of the lower surfaces are on the order of one-third to one-half as thick as the side walls or other wall portions of the reaction container.
  • This ratio is sufiicient to permit the lower surfaces to act in a more flexible nature thereby enhancing coupling of the material within the reaction compartment to the ultrasonic radiator.
  • the flat portion and, preferably, the upwardly diverging wall portions are sufficiently thin so as to promote this enhanced coupling, even though, in other embodiments, they may be of the same thickness as the side wall or other reaction container wall portions.
  • bottom wall portions 38 and 40 are inclined at an angle of 12 to the plane of flat portion 16. With the present dimensions of the disposable container, this has been found to insure that tableted materials added to the liquid in the reaction compartment will be positioned over flat portion 16 while not adversely limiting the vertical dimension of the optical window. These latter two features, along with the widths of the flat portion and the reaction compartment and other dimensions of the container, are the essential factors in determining an acceptable angle at which bottom wall portions 38 and 40 can be inclined to flat portion 16.
  • the short legs 26, 28, 34" and 36" define a positive aligning area which can be suitably manipulated during manufacture as well as transportation through an automatic analyzer. While positioning is important in all stages of its passage through the analyzer, it is most important in the photometer where the disposable container must be precisely positioned so optical analysis can be made through the optical window (i.e., through walls 34 and 36).
  • the positive aligning area thusly defined by the four short legs above is therefore highly desirable to achieve accurate and precise positioning.
  • a lower reaction compartment section of a dispos'able reaction container comprising a unitary member formed into at least one reaction compartment having a flange encircling the upper perimeter thereof, each reaction compartment comprising at least one side wall and a bottom wall, said bottom wall having a flat portion substantially parallel to said flange and substantially symmetrical about the non-vertical dimensions of said compartment, said flat portion connected to each of said side walls by upwardly and outwardly diverging bottom wall portions adapted to define said flat portion as the lowest point within said compartment.
  • each reaction compartment is sufliciently flexible so they will yield when contacted by cooperating members in a detection station adapted to define a fixed optical path between a light source and a detection means through a reaction mixture within each of said reaction compartments.
  • each of said side walls terminates in a short leg immediately adjacent and perpendicular to said flange.
  • said restraining means comprises a thin plastic l-ayer positioned between said upper reaction storage member and said lower reaction compartment.
  • a lower reaction compartment section of a disposa'ble reaction container comprising a unitary member formed into a plurality of reaction compartments having a flange encircling the upper perimeter thereof and separating each reaction compartment from an adjacent compartment, each reaction compartment comprising four side walls and a bottom wall, said flange and said four side Walls of each reaction compartment defining an opening in said flange through which materials are added to each reaction compartment, said bottom wall having a first flat portion substantially parallel to said flange and symmetrical about the non-vertical dimensions of said reaction compartment, at least the lower portion of the side walls of each reaction compartment disposed parallel to the longitudinal axis of said section being ill substantially vertical, said first fiat portion being connected to each of said substantially vertical wall portions by upwardly and outwardly extending substantially flat bottom wall portions, all of said flat bottom wall portions being connected to the other pair of side Walls by upwardly rounded wall portions whereby said first flat portion is positioned as the lowest point within said compartment.
  • the combination of claim 30 further including restraining means adapted to prevent the premature movement of prepackaged reagents from said plurality of said storage chambers.
  • restraining means comprising a thin plastic layer positioned between said upper reaction storage section and said lower reaction compartment section for preventing the premature movement of prepackaged reagents from said plurality of said storage chambers, said upper reagent storage section, said retraining layer and said lower reaction compartment section being bonded together.
  • each of said side walls of said lower reaction compartment section terminates in a short leg immediately adjacent and perpendicular to said flange, said short legs defining positive aligning surfaces for the precise positioning of said combination.
  • a lower reaction compartment section of a disposable reaction container comprising a unitary member formed into at least one reaction compartment having a flange encircling the upper perimeter thereof, each reaction compartment comprising at least one side wall and a bottom wall, said bottom wall being of a nonplanar configuration and adapted to effectively couple the transducing action of an ultrasonic mixer adjacent thereto whereby materials added to each of said reaction compartments can be thoroughly mixed.
  • the lower reaction compartment section of claim 34 wherein said section has a plurality of side walls and at least the lower portion of a pair of opposite side walls are substantially vertical.
  • the lower reaction compartment section of claim 39 having an upper reagent storage unitary member positioned on said flange.
  • a lower reaction compartment section of a disposable reaction container comprising a unitary member formed into at least one reaction compartment having a flange encircling the upper perimeter thereof, each reaction compartment comprising side wall or walls and a bottom wall, said bottom wall having a flat portion substantially parallel to said flange and substantially symmetrical about the center point of said compartment along at least one of the non-vertical dimensions of said compartment, said flat portion connected to said side walls by upwardly and outwardly diverging bottom wall portions adapted to define said flat portion as the lowest point within said compartment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
US764850A 1968-10-03 1968-10-03 Chemical package Expired - Lifetime US3545934A (en)

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US (1) US3545934A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE739751A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1950067C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2019839A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1257337A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL150690B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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US3854883A (en) * 1972-05-18 1974-12-17 Analytab Prod Inc Analysis vessel enclosing an anchored ring of solid reagent
US3998594A (en) * 1975-10-03 1976-12-21 Coulter Electronics, Inc. Cuvette for automatic chemical testing apparatus
US4062652A (en) * 1974-02-07 1977-12-13 Rolfo Fontana Gudrun B Reagent unit intended for microanalyses of standard type and device and method for its production
US4263256A (en) * 1979-11-05 1981-04-21 Coulter Electronics, Inc. Cuvettes for automatic chemical apparatus
US4720374A (en) * 1985-07-22 1988-01-19 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Container having a sonication compartment
US4863693A (en) * 1984-08-21 1989-09-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Analysis instrument having a blow molded reaction chamber
US4903842A (en) * 1987-03-23 1990-02-27 Sumitomo Bakelite Company Limited Container
US4948562A (en) * 1985-09-04 1990-08-14 Lacaille Yves M Device for determining a blood group
US5755330A (en) * 1995-05-22 1998-05-26 Block Drug Company, Inc. Multiple compacted solids and packages thereof
USD530626S1 (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-10-24 Sara Lee/De N.V. Food package
USD535195S1 (en) * 2004-09-03 2007-01-16 Grupo Industrial Lala. S.A. De C.V. Multiple container pack
USD560490S1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2008-01-29 General Mills Marketing, Inc. Packaging for dough product
USD579768S1 (en) 2004-04-30 2008-11-04 General Mills Marketing, Inc. Packaging for dough product
USD773126S1 (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-11-29 Argento Sc Collapsible feeder
US10155922B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2018-12-18 Mari Kilroy Moorhead Well plate

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EP0056821A1 (en) * 1980-07-24 1982-08-04 Labsystems Oy Method of measurement and a cuvette
JPS57501048A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1980-07-24 1982-06-10
DE3242459A1 (de) * 1982-11-12 1984-05-17 Dr. Bruno Lange Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Probenverteilungsvorrichtung

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US3477822A (en) * 1967-12-26 1969-11-11 Xerox Corp Chemical package
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US3477821A (en) * 1967-12-26 1969-11-11 Xerox Corp Chemical package
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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854883A (en) * 1972-05-18 1974-12-17 Analytab Prod Inc Analysis vessel enclosing an anchored ring of solid reagent
US4062652A (en) * 1974-02-07 1977-12-13 Rolfo Fontana Gudrun B Reagent unit intended for microanalyses of standard type and device and method for its production
US3998594A (en) * 1975-10-03 1976-12-21 Coulter Electronics, Inc. Cuvette for automatic chemical testing apparatus
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6914879A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-07
DE1950067B2 (de) 1973-12-20
FR2019839A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-10
DE1950067A1 (de) 1970-04-09
DE1950067C3 (de) 1974-07-18
NL150690B (nl) 1976-09-15
GB1257337A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-15
BE739751A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-02

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