US3545495A - Tubing - Google Patents

Tubing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3545495A
US3545495A US730235A US3545495DA US3545495A US 3545495 A US3545495 A US 3545495A US 730235 A US730235 A US 730235A US 3545495D A US3545495D A US 3545495DA US 3545495 A US3545495 A US 3545495A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
tube
film
mandrel
voice coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US730235A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rocco Falcomato
Jacob A Almouli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clarcor Inc
Original Assignee
Niemand Bros Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Niemand Bros Inc filed Critical Niemand Bros Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3545495A publication Critical patent/US3545495A/en
Assigned to J. L. CLARK MANUFACTURING CO. reassignment J. L. CLARK MANUFACTURING CO. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: Niemand Bros., Inc.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/269—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension including synthetic resin or polymer layer or component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/298—Physical dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y10T428/31681—Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31721—Of polyimide

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A dimensionally stable tube, particularly for use Int. Cl. Fl6l 9/16 with a voice coil, formed of three layers, a first layer having Field ofSearch 138/144, structural integrity and dimensional stability, 3 second layer ymi g acting synergistically with the first to retain the structural inl6l/227, 214 tegrity.
  • a voice coil tube which actuates the speaker diaphragm of a speaker assembly cannot properly perform its function without being formed as an almost perfect hollow cylinder, and maintaining this configuration throughout its life.
  • this voice coil tube isconnected to the diaphragm, and a coil of wire is wrapped around the voice coil tube, the coil carrying impulses from the electronic circuitry of the system. These electrical impulses are transformed into'the sound emanating from the speaker through the action of the voice coil tube on the diaphragm. If the tube assumes a shape which'is slightly out of round, the result is a distortion in the sound produced by the speaker.
  • the second method employed in the prior an involved the spiral winding of a plastic-impregnated paper.
  • the resulting tube lacked both dimensional and water stability.
  • the plastic impregnation if kept withirrthe proper limits such that the ultimately formed tube could function in the desired application, did not impart sufficient water resistance to the paper, or stiffness to the structure,,to provide the tube with the necessary properties.
  • we have developed a structure for av oice coiltube which can be formed economically andwhich has dimensional stability and structural integrity, even when subjected to heat and highatmospheric humidity.
  • a dimensionally stable tube particularly for use wit voice coils, can be formed as a two layer structure.
  • the first layer of the tube' is a dimensionally stable material which is relatively stiff and resilient.
  • the second layer Several properties are required ofthe second layer. First,it must have the type of surface which aids in bonding of the wire coil to be wrapped around the ultimately formed tube. Secondly, it must be heat stable and relatively moisture resistant. Because of these latter two properties, it aids, synergistically, in making the overall tube dimensionally stable.
  • the tube can have a third layer, particularly when it is used as a voice coil tube, of a thermosetting resinous layer. While each of the layers must be thin, particularly when the structure isv to be employed as a voice coil tube, this last, thermosetting layer is extremely thin.
  • The, primary function of this outer layer is to provide a surface which is compatible with the insulation of the wire which is coiled about the tube. It must also cover the second layer as an aid in providing stability of the overall structure in the presence of atmospheric humidity.
  • the overall structural integrity and dimensional stability of the tube are greatly enhanced when the first two layers are formed by spiral winding.
  • FIG. I shows a section of a tube having the structure of the 2 FIG. 4 is a speaker assembly including a portion of the tube of FIG. 1, cut to size for use in the application.
  • the tube of the present invention is preferably formed by a spiral winding operation.
  • Such an operation, and i the equipment necessary, are generally described in the copending application of Rocco Falcomato and Zdenek Krajca, Ser. No. 554,287, filed May '26 1966, now abandoned for Plastic Tubes and Method of Making the Same," and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention. That portion of the referenced copending application is hereby incorporated, by reference. r
  • the spiral winding operation involves the use of a smooth mandrel having a diameter equal to the'desired inner diameter of the tube to be formed.
  • the first layer of spirally wound material is wrapped around the mandrel and is driven by an endless belt.
  • the side of the strip which comes in contact with the mandrel is coated with an inert lubricant in order to assist movement of the strip on the mandrel.
  • the second spirally wound layer is then placed over the first and the composite structure is drivenby an endless belt.
  • the undersurface of the second spirally wound layer can be coated with an adhesive prior to application to the first formed tube, in order to promote adhesion between the two layers.
  • eachof thesurfaces which is to be joined can be coated with an adhesive prior to winding of the second layer.
  • a tube 1 is formed in accordance with aspiralwinding operation similar to that described above.
  • a first layer 2 of the dimensionally stable, stiff and resilient material is first wrapped onto the mandrel.
  • This layer 2 thus forms the inner layer of the formed tube.
  • the width of the tape used to form this layer is generally between 1% inches and 3 inches, but is preferably between about 1% and] /2 inches.
  • the diameter of the mandrel on which the first layer is placed, and thus the inner diameter of the formed tube is generally from about it to 3 inches.
  • this inner diameter is from about a inch to 1% inches.
  • the angle of approach of the tape of this first layer, with respect to the mandrel is generally from about 25 to but most preferably is at about 45. This angle of approach, obviously determines theangle 3 of the various courses of the material within the tube.
  • the tension placed on the tape as it is wound onto the mandrel is generally between about 4and 10 pounds, and the degree of tension varies directly with the ply and width of the layer being wrapped.
  • the layer is formed on the mandrel by butt joining the successive courses of tape, without adhesive.
  • the tape employed can be varied in thickness from about I to 2 mils. This will be related to the overall dimensions of the tape to be described later.
  • the materials employed in forming this layer of the tube, as previously described, must be relatively stiff and resilient. Materials which are particularly suited generated in operation of a voice coil tube, to make them useful in this structure.
  • the second layer 4 of material for the tube is also spirally wound onto the mandrel, over the first layer 2.
  • the tape dimensions and conditions of wrapping are the same as those set forth above with respect to the first layer of the tube.
  • the thickness of the film used for the second layer generally varies from about 2 mils to 3 mils.
  • the second layer 4 of tape is so wound onto the mandrel that the butt joints do not overlap and, preferably, the butt jioints of the second layer fall in the center of the courses of the first layer. As with the first layer, the butt joints are formed without adhesive.
  • DuPont Pyre ML RK-692 can be employed in this application.
  • the purpose of the second layer 4 is to provide resistance to heat andhumidity and also to provide a surface for bonding of electrical elements to the tube.
  • Preferred materials for use in this layer arethe Kapton film, described with respect to the 1 first layer 2, and. a tape formed of Nomex. Nomex is a polyamide paper, and thus constitutes a fibrous material extremely resistant to high temperatures.
  • Q j in general, if the first layer 2 is formed of an aluminum film,
  • the second layer 4 is formed of a Kapton film or Nomex patible with the electricalelements to be bonded.
  • these electrical elements comprise an electrical wire which is coated with an insulating layer of a synthetic resin.
  • the preferred material for the layer 6 is a crosslinked synthetic resin system, of the same type as that employed for the wire insulation.
  • the material can be a phenolic resin.
  • thermosetting resinous layer 6 the only requirement for the thermosetting resinous layer 6 is that it cover the second layer 4. Thus, it is applied in as thin a layer as possible to accomplish this purpose. In general, the thickness of this thermosetting layer 6 should be about mil.
  • the overall thickness of the tube should generally be from about 3 to 6 mils, depending upon the use towhich the tube is to be put. Depending upon the specification of tube thickness, this thickness must be maintained within a tolerance of about i 1% mil, and the internal diameter of the tube must be maintained to a tolerance of about :L l milsSuch fine tolerances can best be maintained by formationof a structure as described in this invention.
  • the formed tube inherently possesses the desired properties of structural integrity and. dimensionalv stability. If the wall thickness is reduced below the desiredlevel, then there is insufficient structural integrity, while if the wall is thicker than that specified, then excessive heat is generated in operation, because of, the excessive power requirements to generate sound.
  • both layers can be formed of Kapton
  • the following example illustrates preparation of a tube having the structure of the present invention.
  • the tube was formed with an internal diameter of 1.5 inches, a wall thickness of 3'mils, and a length of 18 inches.
  • the man drel employed for formation of the spirally wound tube had a diameter of 1.5 inches.
  • One layer of 1 mil thick aluminum foil film having a hardness of 11-18 was wrapped around this mandrel asa first layer. A tension of about 6 pounds was maintained on the tape during winding and the angle of approach was 65.
  • the layer was coated with a polyester based adhesive,
  • the underside of this layer was also coated with a polyester based adhesive which was partially dried, again, to bring the adhesive to the tacky state.
  • the tension on this tape, during application, was also about 6 pounds and its angle of approach was the same as that of the aluminum foil film.
  • the two adhesive sides were applied in juxtaposition to bond the first aluminum foil film to the second Nomex paper film, with the butt joints of the Nomex lying between those of the aluminum foil.
  • the wound tube was thenpassed through a metering coating applicator where a phenolic based resin was deposited on the surface in an amount sufficient to cover the N omex layer.
  • This phenolic resin was then dried. As the tube was removed.
  • a flying cutoff saw cut the tube in two inch lengths, suitable for use as a voice coil tube.
  • the application of the shorter lengths of the tube for usein Wrapped around the tube, in several layers, is an insulated wire 9 which transmits electrical impulses from the electronic system of a radio, television set, high fidelity phonograph, or other similar system.
  • thermosetting phenolic resinous layer a thermosetting phenolic resinous layer.
  • a tube having structural integrity and dimensional stability for use in a voice coil attached to the diaphragm of a sound speaker comprising:
  • a second spirally. wound layer formed of a film of a material selected from the class consisting of polyamide and-polyimide, wherein said film has a thickness of from 2 to 3 mils; and c. a layer. of a thermosetting phenolic resin, the thickness of the resinous coating being only sufficient to cover the second layer; and the overall thickness of the tube being between about 3 and 6 mils,

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
US730235A 1968-05-20 1968-05-20 Tubing Expired - Lifetime US3545495A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US73023568A 1968-05-20 1968-05-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3545495A true US3545495A (en) 1970-12-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US730235A Expired - Lifetime US3545495A (en) 1968-05-20 1968-05-20 Tubing

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3545495A (de)
DE (1) DE1925687A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2008895A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1204645A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4602722A (en) * 1985-03-25 1986-07-29 Ives Frank E Leak-resistant fiberglass tank and method of making the same
US4660738A (en) * 1985-03-25 1987-04-28 Ives Frank E Leak-resistant fiberglass tank and method of making the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3247941A1 (de) * 1982-12-24 1984-06-28 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Lautsprecher

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4602722A (en) * 1985-03-25 1986-07-29 Ives Frank E Leak-resistant fiberglass tank and method of making the same
US4660738A (en) * 1985-03-25 1987-04-28 Ives Frank E Leak-resistant fiberglass tank and method of making the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1204645A (en) 1970-09-09
DE1925687A1 (de) 1969-11-27
FR2008895A1 (de) 1970-01-30

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: J. L. CLARK MANUFACTURING CO., 2300 SIXTH STREET,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:NIEMAND BROS., INC.;REEL/FRAME:004413/0951

Effective date: 19850502