US3511447A - Crusher - Google Patents

Crusher Download PDF

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Publication number
US3511447A
US3511447A US629722A US3511447DA US3511447A US 3511447 A US3511447 A US 3511447A US 629722 A US629722 A US 629722A US 3511447D A US3511447D A US 3511447DA US 3511447 A US3511447 A US 3511447A
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Prior art keywords
cells
balls
cell
shaft
diameter
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Expired - Lifetime
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US629722A
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English (en)
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Jean Marie Annic Brizon
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge

Definitions

  • My present invention has for its object in particular to allow a continuous operation of the crusher through whidh a continuous throughput of the material to be crushed is caused to pass out of a feeding duct so as to be removed in a crushed condition by an output duct.
  • a first object of my invention is however applicable as well in the case of an intermittent operation, the apparatus being then loaded with a mass of material to be crushed, which mass is fed into it through a suitable opening which is closed thereafter, the apparatus being emptied after a predetermined duration of operation.
  • Said first object consists in that the agitating arms revolve with the shaft within the single fiat cell or each of the flat cells forming the crusher and are set in a manner such that their axes lie in a common radial plane and their size is selected so as to leave between said arms and the vertical walls of the cells and also between their ends and the cylindrical wall of the container narrow gaps which it is of advantage to reduce to a magnitude of 2 or 3 times the diameter of the balls filling the container.
  • each flat cell carries two agitating arms extending in alignment along a common diameter of the cell.
  • the communication between the different cells is ensured by an annular clearance between the common horizontal shaft and the partitions separating the cells, the radial breadth of said clearance being smaller than the diameter of a ball.
  • Such a clearance may be given a comparatively large surface so as to allow the desired throughput of liquid while braking its passage between two cells with a view to ensuring a satisfactory filling of each cell and an adequate crushing. It is sufiicient for this purpose to give a suitable value to the diameter of the shaft. Although the radial breadth of said clearance is small, the tendency of clogging is cut out since one of the walls of the annular clearance is formed by the shaft and moves thus permanently during the crushing operation, which prevents the formation of a cohesive deposit.
  • the apparatus includes at the inlet of the liquid mass to be crushed and at the outlet of the crushed mass a cell carrying no balls, which allows the inlet or outlet of the mass as the case may be to be provided through an ordinary opening which can without any drawback be given a size larger than the balls and be located at any suitable point suiting the throughput of the apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 is a horizontal sectional view of a preferred embodiment of my invention
  • FIG. 2 is a detail sectional view through line II-II of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale
  • the crusher illustrated includes a stationary cylindrical casing 41 enclosed if required within an outer casing 42 so as to form a jacket 43 through which may flow cooling Water or else a heating fluid as in the case of the crushing of molten cocoa or chocolate.
  • a shaft 44 revolving Within bearings 45 carried by the corresponding covers 46 of the casing.
  • the shaft 44 extends beyond the cylindrical casing, so as to be coupled with a power unit which is not illustrated and is adapted to drive the shaft into rotation.
  • the shaft does not pass through the corresponding cover as illustrated, which cuts out the necessity of fiuidtight arrangements at the corresponding end.
  • each of the cells enclosed between two successive partitions 47 is of a clearly flat shape.
  • the shaft 44 carries radial agitating arms 48 which revolve in unison with the shaft and impart horizontal movements in alternating directions to the small balls 54 filling the volume of each cell to the extent of approximately said balls being illustrated only in one of die cells for sake of clarity.
  • two agitating arms 48 are provided in each cell, said arms extending along a common diameter being constituted by a spindle or round bar fitted in a diametrical opening 49 of the shaft 44, and held fast in said opening, for instance by means of a clamping screw 50.
  • the diameter of such a round bar is selected so as to provide the desired stirring of the balls. Said diameter is preferably larger than one half the breadth of each cell, which means of course a suit-. able matching between the three following parameters: diameter of the shaft 44 provided with the openings 49 in which the bars 48 are fitted, diameter of said bars 48 and breadth of the cells.
  • Said matching is an easy matter since it is of interest to arrange the successive partitions 47 near one another and to obtain very flat cells, their breadth being less than A; of the diameter of the cylinder 41, whereas the shaft 44 may be given a large diameter with a view to preventing any objectionable sag of said shaft between the two bearings 45 carrying it.
  • the arms 48 may also be secured to the shaft by screwing into tapped radial openings provided in said shaft.
  • the partitions 47 separating the different cells are secured to the inner surface of the cylindrical casing 41 and stop inwardly short of the shaft 44, so as to leave between their inner edges and the shaft an annular clearance 51 the annular breadth of which is clearly less than the diameter of a ball. For instance, with balls of a diameter of 2 mm. this radial breadth It may be equal to 1 mm.
  • the liquid to be crushed progresses between the successive cells through said annular clearances, said liquid being fed into the crusher by a pump, possibly of the variable throughput type, so as to match the desired fineness of crushing.
  • Said liquid enters the cells through a tubular connection 52 extending through one of the covers of the cylinder 41 and escapes after it has been crushed through a further tubular connection 53 provided on the opposite cover.
  • the annular clearances may be given each a suitable cross-section since as already mentioned the diameter of the shaft 44 is comparatively large, of a magnitude of mm. for instance. However, said clearances do not allow the passage of the balls from one cell to the next and consequently each cell retains the volume of balls carried therein, which is important for a proper operation of the machine. Furthermore, since the openings thus designed are bounded to one side by the surface of the shaft 44 which rotates continuously during the crushing operation, no cohesive deposit can form within the opening formed by said clearances, which therefore cannot be clogged in spite of reduced breadth.
  • the first cell into which the channel 52 feeding liquid to be crushed into the machine opens, carries no balls. It may be given a breadth smaller than that of the following ball-carrying cells. Said first cell may enclose a stirrer 48a which is less thick as compared to the other stirrers 48 and assumes for instance a flat shape. A similar arrangement may be provided at the output end of the apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 There is illustrated in FIG. 1 a screwed plug 47a fitted in one of the cells, the removal of said plug allowing the introduction of balls into said cell and also its emptying after rotation of the crusher through one half revolution.
  • a screwed plug 47a fitted in one of the cells, the removal of said plug allowing the introduction of balls into said cell and also its emptying after rotation of the crusher through one half revolution.
  • the operation of the apparatus may be readily understood.
  • the liquid entering at 52 and laden with more or less large particles for instance particles of pigments or of dyestuffs is merely moved and stirred inside the first cell carrying no balls. Its throughput depends on the cross-section of the annular clearances 51 and on the pressure of the pump delivering it into the connection 52.
  • the fluid passing through the first cell enters then the next cell and fills the volume left free by the balls carried by the latter including the gaps between the balls as furthered by the resistance opposed by the losses of head across the annular openings or clearances between the successive cells and also inside said cells by the small balls filling them.
  • the liquid progresses thus from one cell to the next through the annular clearances 51 and fills each of said cells.
  • the particles suspended in the liquid are crushed by the mutual movements of the balls imparted thereto by the rotary agitating arms 48. The fineness of the crushing is increased from one cell to the next.
  • I may mention that I have designed a crusher with a cylinder 41 of a diameter of 500 mm., said cylinder containing ten ball-filled cells, the breadth of each of which cell was equal to 50 mm.
  • Each cell enclosed a round diametrical arm 48 of a diameter of 28 mm.
  • the volume of each of said ten cells was filled up to by glass balls having a diameter of 2 mm. and said cells communicated through annular clear ances having a radial breadth of /2 mm. while the diameter of the shaft carrying the agitating arms was equal to 60 mm.
  • the latter included also a cell of a breadth of 25 mm.
  • My improved apparatus shows thus as an advantage a considerable efliciency with reference to the power consumed. It shows furthermore the advantage of a very small size associated with a low cost price and with a comparatively reduced speed of rotation, which leads to a reduced heating while the crushing is executed down to an excellent grade of fineness.
  • the data just disclosed are given obviously by way of example and by no means in a limiting sense.
  • each flat cell the general design of which is the same as hereinabove is given a diameter of 350 mm. and a breadth of 40 mm.
  • Said cell is provided with a rotary stirrer formed by a diametrical arm of a radius of 11 mm. and a length of 332 mm.
  • the free volume of the cell is filled up to 90% with balls made of hardened glass and having a diameter of 3 mm.
  • the rotary diametrical arm leaves between it and the vertical walls of the cell and also between its ends and the cylindrical wall of the latter gaps equal to 9 mm. which are thus equal each to 3 times the diameter of the balls. Said condition allows obtaining a very fine crushing through a rolling between the balls with reference to one another without any risk of breaking of the latter.
  • the screwed plug 47a formed on each of the flat cells allows said cells to operate intermittently.
  • the cylindrical walls of the cells, the vertical covers, the shaft and the agitating arms may all be made of stainless steel or of a hard alloy steel.
  • Said steel allows obtaining a hardness of kgs, which in the case of glass balls cuts out substantially in practice any possible wear. Since the agitating arms revolve at comparatively slow speeds, the light colors remain unaltered.
  • the shaft and cylinder may also be lined with a coat of glass enamel or ceramic ware.
  • a ball crusher comprising at least one flat unit grinding cell, said at least one cell comprising a cylindrical container having two substantially vertical, spaced end walls and an outer peripheral wall, a rotating shaft substantially perpendicular to said end walls and coaxially disposed with respect to the axis of said container, radially extending agitating arms fixed to said shaft within said container, and a number of balls filling almost all the available space in said container, the axis of each of said agitating arms being disposed in a same radial plane and the interval between each said end wall of said at least one cell and said agitating arms as well as the interval between each free end of said agitating arms and said peripheral wall being equal to approximately a few times the diameter of one of said balls.
  • a 'ball crusher as claimed in claim 1 comprising several successive unit grinding cells, each of said several cells comprising vertical, spaced partitions parallel to said end walls and communicating therein between by means of an annular clearance provided between said shaft and said partitions thereby providing a passageway between said successive grinding cells for the material to be crushed, said clearance having a radial breadth which is smaller than the diameter of one of said balls and said agitating arms being disposed for rotation between adjacent ones of said spaced partitions.
  • a ball crusher as claimed in claim 4 which further comprises auxiliary terminal cells at each end of said successive grinding cells, means for feeding the material to be crushed through one of said terminal cells into said successive cells and means for exhausting the crushed material out of said successive cells through the other one of said terminal cells.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
US629722A 1966-04-13 1967-04-10 Crusher Expired - Lifetime US3511447A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR57476A FR90527E (fr) 1966-04-13 1966-04-13 Dispositif et procédé perfectionnés, utilisables notamment pour la préparation des peintures et des encres d'imprimerie

Publications (1)

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US3511447A true US3511447A (en) 1970-05-12

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US629722A Expired - Lifetime US3511447A (en) 1966-04-13 1967-04-10 Crusher

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US (1) US3511447A (pm)
BE (1) BE696815A (pm)
DE (1) DE1607446B1 (pm)
ES (1) ES339077A1 (pm)
FR (1) FR90527E (pm)
GB (1) GB1180784A (pm)
NL (1) NL6704933A (pm)
SE (1) SE313977B (pm)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4059232A (en) * 1974-12-12 1977-11-22 Draiswerke Gmbh Stirring or agitating mills
US4079214A (en) * 1976-12-15 1978-03-14 General Electric Company Defeatable access door interlock for circuit breaker enclosure
US4101079A (en) * 1975-05-23 1978-07-18 Institut Biokhimii I Fiziologii Mikroorganizmov Biological ball mill
US4824033A (en) * 1987-05-15 1989-04-25 Fryma-Maschinenbau Gmbh Gap-type ball mill for continuous pulverization, particularly breakdown of microorganisms, and dispersion of solids in a liquid
US5004165A (en) * 1989-02-06 1991-04-02 Spectrum Sciences B.V. Dispersion apparatus
US5048762A (en) * 1989-02-06 1991-09-17 Spectrum Sciences B.V. Dispersion apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2371253C1 (ru) * 2008-05-12 2009-10-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Северо-Кавказский государственный технический университет" Бисерная мельница
DE102008061580B4 (de) 2008-07-25 2010-09-30 Gühring Ohg Schlagmesser und Mahlvorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Kakaobohnen mit solchen Schlagmessern

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US241653A (en) * 1881-05-17 Drying apparatus
US2019454A (en) * 1931-11-23 1935-10-29 Smidth & Co As F L Grinding mill
US2779752A (en) * 1953-11-18 1957-01-29 Du Pont Apparatus for chemical reactions passing through viscous phase
GB848514A (en) * 1958-07-31 1960-09-21 Joseph Herbert James Wood Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of ink, paint and the like
US3223336A (en) * 1960-12-30 1965-12-14 Wienert Fritz Otto Grinding apparatus

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3149789A (en) * 1960-10-28 1964-09-22 Szegvari Andrew Continuous process of grinding particulate material
DE1227767B (de) * 1962-12-28 1966-10-27 Draiswerke Ges Mit Beschraenkt Kontinuierlich arbeitende Ruehrwerksmuehle
GB1022676A (en) * 1963-07-29 1966-03-16 British Titan Products Process and apparatus for milling
NL6410892A (pm) * 1964-06-20 1965-12-21
BE673895A (pm) * 1964-12-19 1966-04-15

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US241653A (en) * 1881-05-17 Drying apparatus
US2019454A (en) * 1931-11-23 1935-10-29 Smidth & Co As F L Grinding mill
US2779752A (en) * 1953-11-18 1957-01-29 Du Pont Apparatus for chemical reactions passing through viscous phase
GB848514A (en) * 1958-07-31 1960-09-21 Joseph Herbert James Wood Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of ink, paint and the like
US3223336A (en) * 1960-12-30 1965-12-14 Wienert Fritz Otto Grinding apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4059232A (en) * 1974-12-12 1977-11-22 Draiswerke Gmbh Stirring or agitating mills
US4101079A (en) * 1975-05-23 1978-07-18 Institut Biokhimii I Fiziologii Mikroorganizmov Biological ball mill
US4079214A (en) * 1976-12-15 1978-03-14 General Electric Company Defeatable access door interlock for circuit breaker enclosure
US4824033A (en) * 1987-05-15 1989-04-25 Fryma-Maschinenbau Gmbh Gap-type ball mill for continuous pulverization, particularly breakdown of microorganisms, and dispersion of solids in a liquid
EP0290840A3 (en) * 1987-05-15 1990-01-10 Fryma-Maschinenbau Gmbh Gap-ball mill for continuously grinding, especially disintegrating microorganisms, and dispersing solids in fluids
US5004165A (en) * 1989-02-06 1991-04-02 Spectrum Sciences B.V. Dispersion apparatus
US5048762A (en) * 1989-02-06 1991-09-17 Spectrum Sciences B.V. Dispersion apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR90527E (fr) 1967-12-29
DE1607446B1 (de) 1971-09-09
SE313977B (pm) 1969-08-25
NL6704933A (pm) 1967-10-16
GB1180784A (en) 1970-02-11
ES339077A1 (es) 1968-04-16
BE696815A (pm) 1967-10-09

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