US3503245A - Method and apparatus for removing defects from sheet metal - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for removing defects from sheet metal Download PDF

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Publication number
US3503245A
US3503245A US672875A US3503245DA US3503245A US 3503245 A US3503245 A US 3503245A US 672875 A US672875 A US 672875A US 3503245D A US3503245D A US 3503245DA US 3503245 A US3503245 A US 3503245A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sheet
defect
metal
anvil
steel
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Expired - Lifetime
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US672875A
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English (en)
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Ben Brandl
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
    • B21D1/06—Removing local distortions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/04—Stamping using rigid devices or tools for dimpling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49718—Repairing
    • Y10T29/49748—Repairing by shaping, e.g., bending, extruding, turning, etc.
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49972—Method of mechanical manufacture with separating, localizing, or eliminating of as-cast defects from a metal casting [e.g., anti-pipe]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating metal sheets, which would normally be scrapped due to gouges, scratches, indentations or other defects in the surface thereof.
  • Any type of alloy metal, hot rolled, or cold rolled steel sheets, stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, or any other special alloys including heavy gauge plates of any type metal alloy may be treated by the present method and apparatus in gauges which range from .018" to .750" gauge sheets or three-quarter inch plates.
  • Such defects or indentations may be in the form of rolled-in scale, coil or friction gouges, deep pits, lamination lines, or any other of the many problems that cause steel or other metal surfaces to be defective.
  • An object of the present method and apparatus is to save a high percentage of steel, for example, from being rejected or scrapped, where in the present process in using the present apparatus or the equivalent, a prime sheet of metal may be sold at prevailing prime metal prices.
  • steel warehouses may sell such reject or scrap steel at $60.00 to $70.00 dollars per ton, for example, whereas the same sheet steel as prime steel or rendered prime by the present process will sell for approximately $l40.00 per ton and upwards, for illustration.
  • FIGURE 1 is a partly schematic and broken away and sectioned side elevational view of a simple form of apparatus for carrying out the present process.
  • FIGURE 2 is a similar view of a modification.
  • FIGURE 3 is a similar view of another modification.
  • FIGURE 4 is a block diagram illustrating the steps of the present process.
  • FIGURE 5 is an elevational view taken from the side of a sheet having a defect which additionally shows the same sheet with the metal up-set at said defect and the same sheet after the up-set excess metal has been removed by a grinding and polishing operation.
  • FIGURE 5 the three illustrations successively show from top to bottom the original sheet of metal S, with small defect or indentation D, which may range in depth from .024" to .050".
  • the second illustration shows the same sheet after the metal thereof has been mechanically up-set by the present process and apparatus at the said defect
  • the third illustration of FIGURE 5 shows the sheet after the grinding and polishing and rolling operation as a prime sheet with only a tiny indentation in its undersurface, which means nothing and has no effect upon the ultimate usage of the sheet, such as for a plating operation on its top surface, as in the manufacture of bumpers, for illustration.
  • One form of apparatus for carrying out the present process includes bed 11 mountable upon a floor 12 and having a horizontally disposed table 13.
  • a series of coplanar roller castors are located throughout the top area of the table 13 and are universally movable thereon, adapted to movably support a sheet of metal, as for example the steel sheet S having a defect, such as a gouge, scratch or indentation designated at D.
  • a suitable mounting plate 15 Centrally disposed upon table 13 and secured thereto is a suitable mounting plate 15 with a bore 16 therethrough.
  • Anvil 17 normally lies above the plane of the castors 14 adapted for cooperative registry with the undersurface of the sheet S in registry with defect D.
  • the light 20 mounted at 21 spaced above table 13, includes a beam 22, which is focused at all times directly upon and in registry with anvil 17.
  • a preliminary step of flat polishing the metal sheet in order to better bring out and locate the defect, which may be a gouge, scratch or indentation or scale mark, and the same can be marked if desired with a marking crayon for better location.
  • the sheet S is mounted over support rollers 14 and is movably adjusted thereon until the now identified defect is in direct registry with the light beam 22. This guarantees furthermore that the defect is also in direct registry with the hardened anvil 17.
  • the metal is up-set by the application of sufficient transverse pressure to the sheet at the said defect.
  • the rubber or leather mallet 23 is provided and upon application of a sufiicient blow to the metal at the defect, there will be produced sufficient upset of the adjacent metal to a height at least equal to the depth of the gouge or defect, and this corresponds to the second up-setting of FIGURE 4.
  • the sheet is then removed from the table and is subjected to a grinding operation in a conventional machine known as an abrasive belt sheet steel or other metal grinder and polisher, which is power operated and which subjects the entire top surface of the sheet as it is fed over rolls to a uniform grinding and polishing operation.
  • abrasive belt sheet steel or other metal grinder and polisher which is power operated and which subjects the entire top surface of the sheet as it is fed over rolls to a uniform grinding and polishing operation.
  • This step concludes one form of the present process to provide a substantially prime sheet of metal and wherein the defect or defects or indentations or gouges have been mechanically removed from the top surface thereof.
  • a further step is contemplated; namely, the rolling step, such as shown in FIG- URE 4, using level rolls for rendering the sheet more fiat.
  • the rolling step such as shown in FIG- URE 4
  • level rolls for rendering the sheet more fiat.
  • the advantage in the use of the level roller is that it will further flatten and completely correct the sheet metal and thus counteract for any possible excess upsetting as a final step in the sheet metal treating process, as further described in detail hereunder and wherein power operated level rolls are employed.
  • a movable and interchangeable anvil 24 loosely projects up through the bore 30 in table 13 and when activated upwardly through the controls 28', schematically shown, is adapted to operatively engage sheet S at defect D for carrying out the present process.
  • a holddown apparatus is illustrated, which includes a vertically adjustable metal platten 31, normally spaced above table 13, and vertically adjustable thereover, employing hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 36, with piston rods 38 connected at 39 to said platen, and regulated under controls 37, schematically shown for feed movements towards table 13.
  • the platen 31 has a bore 33 therethrough in registry with corresponding bore 34 in the pressure pad 32, by which the light beam 22 as above described, is focusable upon the defect D when the sheet has been transversely moved upon the castors for registry therewith, and assuring registry with and alinement with hardened steel anvil 24, which forms a part of the hydraulic hammer 28, and is removably connected thereto.
  • undersurface of the pressure pad 32 is slightly concaved as at 35, adapted to receive cooperatively the metal which is up-set, when the hammer 28 is activated.
  • FIGURE 1 apparatus does not designate a means for holding the sheet S in position during the upsetting operation, the embodiment of FIGURE 2 being more of a mechanical device illustrates therefore the platen 31 and pressure pad 32 for this purpose.
  • FIGURE 3 Another form of the present apparatus for carrying out the method is shown in FIGURE 3 wherein the hollow bed upon floor 12 includes upright side walls 41 mounting the top guideways 42, receiving the V-shaped guides 44 which depend from table 43 to provide for longitudinal adjustment of the table upon-said bed.
  • a suitable motor 45 is bracketed at 46 to the bed and includes output shaft 47 and sprocket drive 48, which through sprocket chain 49 drives sprocket 50 upon one of a pair of feed screws 51.
  • These screws suitably supported and journalled upon the bed, are in threaded engagement with nut portions 52, which depend from table 43.
  • the second feed screw 51, FIGURE 3 is connected with the first feed screw by means of an additional sprocket gear set 53, and sprocket chain 54, whereby the feed screws 51 are adapted to rotate in unison in the same directions for effecting feed movement of the table 43 upon bed 40.
  • Suitable magnetic means is schematically shown at 57, connected to a power source and to the magnetic chuck 56, to provide a means for magnetically securing and holding down the sheet S for the upsetting operation.
  • This provides a means by which the' holddown platen 31 and pressure pad 32 of FIGURE 2, and associated mechanism may all be eliminated, and at the same time provide for automatic feed adjustment of table 43, and the transversely adjustable magnetic chuck 56.
  • Chuck 56 has a central bore 58 of sufiicient size as to receive when adjusted transversely and longitudinally, the hardened steel mushroom-shaped anvil 71, for up-setting defect D in the sheet S, there being a suitable corresponding central bore or recess extending through table 43 to provide suitable clearance.
  • Motor 59 bracketed at 60, FIGURE 3 provides a power train 61 for driving the feed screw 62, which is journalled at 63 and supported at 64.
  • Said feed screw of which there may be one or more, threadedly engages the nut 65 on the chuck 56, to thus provide controlled transverse adjustments of said chuck with respect to table 55, and thus providing universal adjustment for the workpiece or sheet S, to thus locate its defect D, so that beam 74 from the light 72 on bracket 73 is in registry therewith.
  • the present power hammer identified as a hydraulic cylinder at 67, FIGURE 7, is fixedly secured within bed 40 by suitable brackets 66.
  • the power hammer or cylinder 67 includes reciprocal piston 68 with rod 69 apertured at its upper end to receive loosely or threadedly a depending shank 70 of the hardened steel anvil 71.
  • a suitable manual or other control is schematically shown for regulating and controlling and supplying the pressure fluid for the operation of the pneumatic or hydraulic hammer 67.
  • suflicient up-setting pressure is provided by the use of the rubber or leather mallet 23, which is manually operated, and by hitting the defective area D, which is directly under the light beam 22, in turn in registry with the anvil 17, for elevating the defective area D.
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 A mechanical type of operation is better shown in FIGURES 2 and 3. It is noted in FIGURE 2 that the pressure pad 32 in addition to having a holddown function will during the up-Setting operation permit the defective area to recess into its body, as shown at 35.
  • FIGURES l, 2, and 3 After the up-setting operation by any of the apparatus, FIGURES l, 2, and 3, and as shown in the block diagram, FIGURE 4, the sheet of steel or other metal as upset is put through the preadjusted flat polishing machine of a conventional character, and available on the market, by which the elevated up-set area is ground down to the bottom of the defect or indentation. It is contemplated that a disc grinder may also be employed for removing the defect in the elevated area.
  • a correspondingly elongated anvil 17 would be employed, which rather than mushroom-shaped will be elongated and convex.
  • the corresponding upset in the steel then would be similarly elongated, but would nevertheless be removed in the grinding and polishing step, FIGURE 4.
  • a pair of spaced light beams could be employed, so focussed as to register with spaced points upon the elongated anvil employed, and to thus assure that the up-setting of the metal is in registry with the elongated scratch or other defect.
  • the present method is applicable to a continuous coil of steel and is not necessarily limited to sheet strips.
  • a coil of steel as it is partly unwound, or passed over an inspection area has designated over that portion of the unwound coil the defect area where it is to be up-set by the present method.
  • the defect is then adjusted in registry with the illumination source, and an anvil and an up-setting operation takes place manually or automatically or by power as hereinbefore described, thus up-setting the defect area to a height least equal to the depth of the defect, and thereafter and adjacent thereto, there will be a hand polishing or finish polishing station by hand grinding or with a belt type of grinder through which that portion of the coil passes to thus provide in the completed coil prime material free of defect.
  • said locating including continuously focusing an overhead beam of light in registry solely with said anvil;
  • Apparatus for treating normally scrapped steel or other metal sheets which have surface defects, including indentations, scratches, gouges, or rolled-in scale, to render the same prime stock comprising:
  • coplanar support means movably mounted upon said table adapted to movably mount a metal sheet having an indentation defect in its top surface
  • said sheet being movable over said support means for registry of said defect with said beam
  • a. power operated cylinder and reciprocal piston rod assembly mounted on said bed with its axis in registry with said light source, said piston rod assembly being connected to said anvil, adapted for operative engagement with said sheet on its under surface at said illuminated defect for upsetting the metal of said sheet at said defect above its normal top surface to a height at least equal to the maximum depth of said defect;
  • said hold down means including an apertured movable platen
  • said support means including a chuck movably mounted on guide ways upon said table for transverse adjustment; and power feed means on said bed for controlling feed movements of said table and chuck in right angularly related directions.
  • a magnetic hold down means incorporating into said chuck for retaining the metal sheet thereon.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Straightening Metal Sheet-Like Bodies (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
US672875A 1967-10-04 1967-10-04 Method and apparatus for removing defects from sheet metal Expired - Lifetime US3503245A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US67287567A 1967-10-04 1967-10-04
DE19691961758 DE1961758A1 (de) 1967-10-04 1969-12-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beseitigen von Fehlern in Metallplatten
GB6068569 1969-12-12
FR6944911A FR2071350A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-10-04 1969-12-24

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US3503245A true US3503245A (en) 1970-03-31

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US672875A Expired - Lifetime US3503245A (en) 1967-10-04 1967-10-04 Method and apparatus for removing defects from sheet metal

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US (1) US3503245A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1961758A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2071350A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1265225A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4047419A (en) * 1976-04-30 1977-09-13 The Steel Company Of Canada, Limited Method and apparatus for expanding spiralweld pipe
FR2906030A1 (fr) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-21 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif destine a realiser des defauts types sur des toles
CN105964818A (zh) * 2016-05-31 2016-09-28 重庆弘汩机械制造有限公司 用于待修复汽车钣金件的夹持方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002024367A2 (en) * 2000-09-22 2002-03-28 Robert Lowery Dent removal tool with controlled constant pulling force

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1660506A (en) * 1927-01-12 1928-02-28 Helen W Hamilton Method of making piston rings
US2065461A (en) * 1934-04-16 1936-12-22 American Sheet & Tin Plate Method of removing cavities from sheet metal
US2670527A (en) * 1951-02-03 1954-03-02 Anthony Oberholtz Method for restoring deformed sheet metal surfaces
US2749867A (en) * 1952-12-03 1956-06-12 John H Engel Controlled pressure metal forming apparatus
US2799318A (en) * 1955-08-26 1957-07-16 Glenn L Martin Co Method and apparatus for removing dents from contoured object by use of reduced pressure above dent combined with tapping forces
US2989019A (en) * 1957-05-20 1961-06-20 Budd Co Method of deep drawing sheet material
US3133343A (en) * 1961-05-12 1964-05-19 Karl Gerlach And Hans Gerlach Method and device for reconditioning of worn railroad rails by re-profiling the rail head

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1660506A (en) * 1927-01-12 1928-02-28 Helen W Hamilton Method of making piston rings
US2065461A (en) * 1934-04-16 1936-12-22 American Sheet & Tin Plate Method of removing cavities from sheet metal
US2670527A (en) * 1951-02-03 1954-03-02 Anthony Oberholtz Method for restoring deformed sheet metal surfaces
US2749867A (en) * 1952-12-03 1956-06-12 John H Engel Controlled pressure metal forming apparatus
US2799318A (en) * 1955-08-26 1957-07-16 Glenn L Martin Co Method and apparatus for removing dents from contoured object by use of reduced pressure above dent combined with tapping forces
US2989019A (en) * 1957-05-20 1961-06-20 Budd Co Method of deep drawing sheet material
US3133343A (en) * 1961-05-12 1964-05-19 Karl Gerlach And Hans Gerlach Method and device for reconditioning of worn railroad rails by re-profiling the rail head

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4047419A (en) * 1976-04-30 1977-09-13 The Steel Company Of Canada, Limited Method and apparatus for expanding spiralweld pipe
FR2906030A1 (fr) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-21 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif destine a realiser des defauts types sur des toles
CN105964818A (zh) * 2016-05-31 2016-09-28 重庆弘汩机械制造有限公司 用于待修复汽车钣金件的夹持方法
CN105964818B (zh) * 2016-05-31 2018-07-10 重庆弘汩机械制造有限公司 用于待修复汽车钣金件的夹持方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2071350A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-09-17
GB1265225A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-01
DE1961758A1 (de) 1971-06-09

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