US3487820A - Fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3487820A
US3487820A US696603A US3487820DA US3487820A US 3487820 A US3487820 A US 3487820A US 696603 A US696603 A US 696603A US 3487820D A US3487820D A US 3487820DA US 3487820 A US3487820 A US 3487820A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
passage
manifold
engine
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US696603A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Roger Clark
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF International UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucas Industries Ltd filed Critical Lucas Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3487820A publication Critical patent/US3487820A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/26—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means varying fuel pressure in a fuel by-pass passage, the pressure acting on a throttle valve against the action of metered or throttled fuel pressure for variably throttling fuel flow to injection nozzles, e.g. to keep constant the pressure differential at the metering valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/12—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel comprising a fuel-displaced free-piston for intermittently metering and supplying fuel to injection nozzles
    • F02M69/125—Means for varying the stroke of the free-piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/18—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air

Definitions

  • a fuel system for an internal combustion engine comprises a throttled inlet manifold, a pump for supplying liquid fuel to at least one nozzle in the manifold, means responsive to manifold pressure and further means responsive to manifold temperature for controlling a valve whereby fuel flow to the manifold nozzle is controlled.
  • This invention relates to fuel supply systems for piston and cylinder type internal combustion engines of the kind in which liquid fuel is injected through one or more nozzles, either into a manifold through which a stream of air for combustion flows or immediately before entry of the air into the cylinder of the engine.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a fuel supply system for a piston and cylinder type internal combustion engine having a manifold through which, in use, a stream of air for combustion enters the engine, a manually controllable throttle in the manifold for limiting said supply of combustion air, said system comprising one or more liquid fuel injection nozzles arranged to supply liquid fuel into the stream of combustion air, a pump to provide a supply of liquid fuel to said nozzle or nozzles means responsive to the pressure obtaining in the manifold, and further means responsive to the temperature obtaining in the manifold.
  • the system illustrated is intended for use to supply liquid fuel into a stream of pressurized air for combustion entering the engine, and is particularly suitable for use in conjunction with engines intended for use upon aircraft.
  • the supply of pressurised air in a manifold 10 of the engine is provided by a turbo super-charger indicated at 11 which is driven through a shaft 12 from a source of power (not shown). Upstream of the super-charger 11 is a manually controllable throttle 13 arranged to control the supply of air which can reach the engine through the manifold 10.
  • the liquid fuel system is intended continuously to supply liquid fuel to one or more injection nozzles 14 disposed immediately upstream of the impeller of the super-charger 11.
  • the system incorporates a centrifugal pump 15 which is engine driven through gearing 16, the pump deriving a supply of fuel from a reservoir 17 through a filter 18. Delivery takes place through a spring-loaded ball valve 19.
  • the main flow of fuel from the pump takes place through a passage 20, and into a metering device 21 having a body 22 within which is disposed a slidable sleeve 23 which is provided with at least one triangular opening 24.
  • the volume of fuel which can flow through the triangular opening or openings 24 is determined by the position of the sleeve 23 within the body 22 and also by the position of a spring loaded further sleeve 25 which surrounds the sleeve 23 and which is also slidably mounted in the body 22.
  • the metered fuel from the device 21 fiows along a passage 26 to a valve 27 having in a body 28 a diaphragm 29 carrying a valve closure member 30 which is arranged to control the flow of fuel through a passage 31 to the nozzle 14 in the manifold 10 of the engine, there being a non-return valve 32 in the passage 31.
  • Flow of fuel through the device 21 is controlled, as previously referred to, by the position of the sleeve 23 with respect to the body 22, and the sleeve 23 is in turn controlled by a temperature sensitive device indicated at 33 in an extension of the body 22 of the device 21, the interior of this extension being in communication with the inlet manifold 10 of the engine at a position downstream of the super-charger 11, so as to partake of temperature conditions obtaining therein.
  • the element 33 comprises a plurality of bimetallic washers arranged in a stack, the length of which varies in accordance with the temperature obtaining in the manifold 10.
  • the device 21 also includes a manual control 34 connected to a cam 35 which, when in the position shown, permits the sleeve 25 to move under the influence of its spring 36 substantially to increase the area of the triangular opening or openings 24 in order to provide an increased quantity of fuel for starting purposes.
  • the system also includes a device 37 which is arranged to control the spill of fuel from a position downstream of the pump 15 and upstream of the device 21.
  • This device 37 includes within a body 38, a lever 39 which is arranged by means of a knife edge 40 carried thereby to control the flow of fuel through a passage 41 which communicates with the passage 20 between the pump 15 and the device 21, the body 38 having an escape passage 42 leading to the upstream or inlet side of the pump 15.
  • the position of the lever 39 and therefore the quantity of fuel which is spilled through the passages 41 and 42 is determined by the relative positions of two capsules 43, 44 the former having its interior communicating through a passage 45 with the inlet manifold 10 of the engine downstream of the supercharger 11, and the latter capsule 44 being evacuated.
  • the capsule 44 has an additional compartment indicated at 46 which through a passage 47 is arranged to communicate with the exhaust system of the engine, so that the pressure conditions existing therein can be exerted upon the lever 39, thus modifying its response to the pressure in the engine inlet manifold 10.
  • the pressure in the passage 42 is exerted at the opposite side of the diaphragm 29 of the valve 27 through a passage 48, a balance being achieved at opposite sides of the diaphragm 29 to control the flow of fuel to the nozzle 14 along the passage 31.
  • the valve 27 also includes a manual control 49 connected to a cam 50, which can be actuated to move the valve closure member 30 so as to cut off flow of fuel along the passage 31 to the nozzle 14.
  • the pressure of the fuel leaving the pump 15 is a function of engine speed, this also determining the position of the valve closure member 30 in accordance with the pressures exerted at opposite sides of the diaphragm 29.
  • the passage 42 includes a device 51 which affords a restriction for the flow of fuel, this device also being arranged to vary the flow through the passage 42 in accordance with changes in fuel temperature, though it is to be understood that this device could be replaced where fuel temperature changes are insignificant by a fixed restrictor in the passage 42.
  • the restrictor in the device 51 together with the restriction afforded by the knife edge 40 in the device 37 provide an intermediate pressure which is exerted through the passage 48 upon the diaphragm 29, and adjustment can be achieved in any convenient manner to provide a satisfactory balanced position for the valve closure member 30 under specified running conditions of the engine.
  • a positive dis placement pump which in this example is of gear type, indicated at 52, which is connected in parallel with the pump 15, but there is also provided a spill passage 53 downstream of this pump 52 which incorporates a pressurising valve 54 so that excess fuel delivered by this pump is returned to the inlet side thereof through a passage 55.
  • the system provides a continuous supply of fuel to the inlet manifold of the engine, and is responsive to engine speed when the centrifugal pump is in use, to inlet manifold temperature through the element 33, to inlet manifold pressure through the device 37 and also to the back pressure in the exhaust system of the engine through the passage 47, and furthermore, in this example, it is sensitive to fuel temperature through the device 51.
  • system can be modified to provide additional variations of the fuel supply in accordance with other parameters as may be desired.
  • a fuel system for a piston and cylinder type internal combustion engine comprising an induction manifold for entry of air for combustion to the engine, a manually controllable throttle in the manifold for controlling the supply of air, a fuel injection nozzle arranged to supply liquid fuel into the stream of combustion air, a pump to provide a supply of liquid fuel to the nozzle, passage means between the pump and the nozzle, a throttle valve in said passage means, a spill passage connected to the passage means between the pump and the throttle valve for the escape of excess fuel, a pressure responsive device in said spill passage, said pressure responsive device being 4 responsive to the air pressure in the manifold to control the flow of liquid to the spill passage, and a temperature responsive device connected to the throttle valve, said temperature responsive device being responsive to the temperature of the air in the manifold.
  • a fuel system as claimed in claim 1 in which the manifold has a turbo super-charger which pressurises the air flowing to the engine, through the manifold, the nozzle being disposed in the manifold at a position upstream of the super-charger.
  • a fuel system as claimed in claim 1 in which the pressure responsive device comprises a capsule communicating with the manifold, said capsule controlling a valve member whereby the spill of fuel is controlled.
  • a fuel system as claimed in claim 1 in which there is a further valve in the passage means between the throttle valve and the nozzle, said further valve being controlled in accordance with the pressure of fuel in the system.
  • a fuel system as claimed in claim 1 having a device responsive to changes in the fuel temperature, said device being disposed in the spill passage.
  • a fuel system as claimed in claim 1 in which the pump is engine driven and there is a further pump arranged to supply fuel to the nozzle when the associated engine is being started.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Control Of The Air-Fuel Ratio Of Carburetors (AREA)
US696603A 1966-10-07 1968-01-09 Fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3487820A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB44897/66A GB1216462A (en) 1966-10-07 1966-10-07 Fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3487820A true US3487820A (en) 1970-01-06

Family

ID=10435164

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US696603A Expired - Lifetime US3487820A (en) 1966-10-07 1968-01-09 Fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines
US61777A Expired - Lifetime US3680536A (en) 1966-10-07 1970-08-06 Fuel spray system for internal combustion engines

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US61777A Expired - Lifetime US3680536A (en) 1966-10-07 1970-08-06 Fuel spray system for internal combustion engines

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US3487820A (fr)
DE (1) DE1601372B1 (fr)
FR (1) FR1554117A (fr)
GB (1) GB1216462A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4211199A (en) * 1972-09-29 1980-07-08 Arthur K. Thatcher Computer controlled sonic fuel system
US4266520A (en) * 1978-07-13 1981-05-12 Pierburg Gmbh & Co. Kg Fuel-air mixture arrangement with an air-compressing super-charger for a combustion engine
US4543935A (en) * 1984-08-21 1985-10-01 Walbro Corporation Pressure regulator with variable response
US4671240A (en) * 1985-01-31 1987-06-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3736912A (en) * 1971-09-30 1973-06-05 Honda Motor Co Ltd Apparatus for compensation of the operation of a negative pressure control type fuel injection apparatus
GB1420441A (en) * 1972-03-03 1976-01-07 Gkn Transmissions Ltd Fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines
DE2441048C3 (de) * 1974-08-27 1978-06-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Membranventil
US4052971A (en) * 1975-10-10 1977-10-11 Stanadyne, Inc. Fuel injection pump and timing control therefor
JPS5412464U (fr) * 1977-06-28 1979-01-26
CA1097180A (fr) * 1977-08-31 1981-03-10 Benjamin C. Benjamin Mecanisme de commande de soupape
US4422427A (en) * 1982-01-28 1983-12-27 The Boeing Company Fuel management system for an autonomous missile
DE3237963C2 (de) * 1982-10-13 1986-02-20 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Kontinuierlich arbeitende Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage
DE3237964C2 (de) * 1982-10-13 1986-02-20 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffördersystem zur Kraftstoffversorgung eines Mehrzylinder-Flugmotors
IT1173366B (it) * 1984-02-23 1987-06-24 Alfa Romeo Auto Spa Regolatore di pressione per un impianto di iniezione benzina
JPS61149536A (ja) * 1984-12-25 1986-07-08 Honda Motor Co Ltd 過給機を備えた内燃エンジンの動作制御量制御方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419171A (en) * 1943-04-08 1947-04-15 Hobson Ltd H M Regulating device for controlling the supply of fuel to internal-combustion engines
US2502997A (en) * 1947-12-11 1950-04-04 Bendix Aviat Corp Fuel metering device
US2623509A (en) * 1946-05-17 1952-12-30 Gold Harold Speed-density type of fuel-metering control
US2667918A (en) * 1947-05-03 1954-02-02 Lucas Ltd Joseph Means for effecting and controlling the supply of liquid fuel to prime movers
US2806519A (en) * 1949-06-17 1957-09-17 Rolls Royce Fuel-systems for internal combustion engines with means to compensate for an operating variable
US2852011A (en) * 1956-11-13 1958-09-16 Studebaker Packard Corp Fuel injection system for internal combustion engine
US2876755A (en) * 1954-08-17 1959-03-10 Gold Harold Fuel injection system
US3320938A (en) * 1965-01-08 1967-05-23 Gen Motors Corp Fuel system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2670724A (en) * 1944-11-20 1954-03-02 Reggio Ferdinando Carlo Engine regulating system
FR996057A (fr) * 1945-04-17 1951-12-12 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Perfectionnements apportés aux appareils pour le réglage de l'injection d'un moteur en dépendance de deux facteurs fonctionnels de ce moteur, notamment aux appareils de ce genre pour moteur à injection suralimenté et à balayage pour aérodynes
CH335299A (de) * 1954-08-12 1958-12-31 Buechi Alfred J Dipl Masch Ing Steuereinrichtung an einer aufgeladenen Brennkraftmaschine
US3006326A (en) * 1960-02-17 1961-10-31 Bendix Corp Fuel supply system

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419171A (en) * 1943-04-08 1947-04-15 Hobson Ltd H M Regulating device for controlling the supply of fuel to internal-combustion engines
US2623509A (en) * 1946-05-17 1952-12-30 Gold Harold Speed-density type of fuel-metering control
US2667918A (en) * 1947-05-03 1954-02-02 Lucas Ltd Joseph Means for effecting and controlling the supply of liquid fuel to prime movers
US2502997A (en) * 1947-12-11 1950-04-04 Bendix Aviat Corp Fuel metering device
US2806519A (en) * 1949-06-17 1957-09-17 Rolls Royce Fuel-systems for internal combustion engines with means to compensate for an operating variable
US2876755A (en) * 1954-08-17 1959-03-10 Gold Harold Fuel injection system
US2852011A (en) * 1956-11-13 1958-09-16 Studebaker Packard Corp Fuel injection system for internal combustion engine
US3320938A (en) * 1965-01-08 1967-05-23 Gen Motors Corp Fuel system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4211199A (en) * 1972-09-29 1980-07-08 Arthur K. Thatcher Computer controlled sonic fuel system
US4266520A (en) * 1978-07-13 1981-05-12 Pierburg Gmbh & Co. Kg Fuel-air mixture arrangement with an air-compressing super-charger for a combustion engine
US4543935A (en) * 1984-08-21 1985-10-01 Walbro Corporation Pressure regulator with variable response
AU573849B2 (en) * 1984-08-21 1988-06-23 Walbro Corporation Fuel pressure regulation for a supercharged fuel injected engine
US4671240A (en) * 1985-01-31 1987-06-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1601372B1 (de) 1971-07-15
FR1554117A (fr) 1969-01-17
US3680536A (en) 1972-08-01
GB1216462A (en) 1970-12-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3487820A (en) Fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines
GB1045150A (en) Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines
US3473523A (en) Fuel injection system
US3404667A (en) Fuel injection devices for internal combustion engines
GB1026790A (en) Liquid fuel injection pumping apparatus for internal combustion engines
US2595618A (en) Two pump system
US2447268A (en) Charge forming device
US2447791A (en) Carburetor
ES460020A1 (es) Aparato de bombeo para la inyeccion de combustible destinadoal suministro de combustible a los motores de combustion in-terna.
US3431900A (en) Fuel injection systems
US2456605A (en) Fuel supply system
GB1032767A (en) Improvements in or relating to control systems for liquid-fuel supply for engines
GB680701A (en) Improvements in auxiliary charge regulating devices for internal combustion engines
US2552056A (en) Carburetor priming means
US2753803A (en) Means for controlling the supply of liquid fuel to the combustion chamber of a prime mover
US2465159A (en) Idle control
US2893711A (en) Charge forming means
US2954018A (en) Cold start enrichment system
US2655907A (en) Apparatus for controlling the injection of liquid fuel to internalcombustion engines
US3416504A (en) Fuel injection systems
US2525635A (en) Fuel injection device for internalcombustion engines
US2660233A (en) Automatic torch ignition system for internal-combustion turbine engines
GB996001A (en) Improvements in or relating to fuel delivery control systems for gas turbine, engines, more particularly for turbojet engines
US3475909A (en) Pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an engine
US3541789A (en) Gas turbine engine deceleration control apparatus