US3483740A - Device for indicating the relative elongation of fibers prior to breaking - Google Patents

Device for indicating the relative elongation of fibers prior to breaking Download PDF

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Publication number
US3483740A
US3483740A US590433A US3483740DA US3483740A US 3483740 A US3483740 A US 3483740A US 590433 A US590433 A US 590433A US 3483740D A US3483740D A US 3483740DA US 3483740 A US3483740 A US 3483740A
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United States
Prior art keywords
hair
breaking
fiber
stud
indicating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US590433A
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English (en)
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Pierre Darphin
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Individual
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/36—Textiles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
    • G01N2203/028—One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables

Definitions

  • a fiber or hair to be measured for relative stretch or elongation prior to breaking is fastened at one end to a fixed stud while the other end is gripped by a movable stud.
  • the movable stud may either rotate or slide in a direction away from the fixed stud in order to apply tension to a fiber under test.
  • An electric motor which drives the movable stud, is controlled by a microswitch actuated by a dog positioned between the fixed and movable stud in a position to be engaged and actuated by the fiber under test.
  • An indicator dial also driven by the electric motor, registers the movement of the movable stud.
  • This invention relates to a device for measuring the characteristics of fibres, particularly for measuring the stretch or elongation to the breaking point of a hair or any fibre under certain conditions of tensile stress.
  • the invention accordingly relates to a device for measuring the stretch in order to enable one to determine, the porosity of a hair, which is more particularly distinguished in that it comprises fixed clamping members, to one of which one end of the hair is attached, and movable clamping members, to one of which the other end is attached or fixed, the movement of these movable clamping members being measured by an indicator connected to a drive member which drives the movable clamping members.
  • FIGURE 1 is a plan view of a measuring device according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the operation of the various elements of the device according to the invention which is illustrated in FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is an electric circuit diagram of the device according tot he invention as illustrated in FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 4 is an elevational view of the rotatable stud of the device illustrated in FIGURE 1, and
  • FIGURE 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V of FIGURE 4.
  • the measuring device according to the invention as illsice trated in FIGURE 1 comprises an upper plate 1 supporting the various measuring elements.
  • the stud 4 is rotatably mounted, while the stud 5, which is fixedly mounted on a plate 6 which is movable below the upper plate through a slot 7 in the upper plate.
  • the hair stretched between the studs 2 and 4 actuates a microswitch 8 fixed below the upper plate, the control dog 9 of which extends through the plate by way of an aperture 10.
  • a microswitch 11 comprising a control dog 12 movable in an aperture 13 in the upper plate.
  • the rotatable stud 4 is driven by an electric motor 14 which also drives the plate 6 by Way of a belt 15 secured at each end of the said plate and extending around guide pulleys 16.
  • the upper plate is also formed with an aperture 17 through which there appears a graduated circular dial 18 which moves past a fixed index 19.
  • the said dial 18 is rotated by the motor 14 by way of a transmission belt 20.
  • a general switch 21 provided with an observation aperture 22, and on the other hand a starting and resetting switch 23 and an inspection aperture 24, while there is situated at the centre an operation-reversing switch 25.
  • the electric circuit comprises in addition two normally closed limit switches 26 and 27 actuated by the plate 6, which are provided in the supply wiring of the motor between the reversing switch and the supply terminals of the motor 14.
  • the attachment studs comprise a base 28, FIGS. 4 and 5, into which is screwed a knurled button 29, the hair being gripped between the base 28 and a washer 30 disposed between the button and the base.
  • the rotatable stud comprises this hair-attaching device, but the base 28 is formed with a circular shoulder 31 centered on the axis of rotation, the said shoulder being recessed to receive the washer 30 and the knurled button 29, so as to enable the hair secured under the washer to be wound against the shoulder 31.
  • the device operates as follows:
  • the hair is secured on the stud 2 or 3, whereafter it is passed behind the dog 9 or 12 and secured to the movable stud 4 or 5 while being stretched in order to operate the microswitch. It is then suflicient, after voltage has been applied to the device through the switch 21, to press the reversing switch 25 in the desired direction in order to start the motor 14, whereby the hair is stretched either by winding if it is secured on the stud 4 or by a longitudinal pull if it is secured on the stud 5.
  • the dog of the microswitch which is no longer maintained by the hair returns to its initial position and interrupts the supply to the motor, and that mark on the dial which has stopped at the fixed index then indicates the maximum elongation of the hair.
  • This apparatus therefore permits comparative measure ments with reference to a so-called normal hair for which the graduated dial has been calibrated.
  • the invention is not limited to the single embodiment described and illustrated, but covers all variants thereof, and in particular the motor 14 could rotate a needle in relation to a fixed dial.
  • a device for indicating the relative elongation of fibers prior to breaking comprising: fixed clamping means for fixedly holding an end of the fiber; movable clamping means for gripping the other end of said fiber, said movable clamping means being a rotatable stud having a knurled button for gripping the said fiber, the said knurled button being screwed into the said rotatable stud, the said rotatable stud having a circular shoulder, the said circular shoulder being centered on the axis of rotation of said rotatable stud, the said fiber being capable of being wound around the said circular shoulder; indicator means for indicating the position of said movable clamping means; electric motor means; electrical circuit means connected to said electric motor means and connectable to a source of electric current for actuating said electric motor means; drive means operably connecting said electric motor means with said movable clamping means for moving it in a direction to apply tension to a fiber secured thereto and to said fixed clamping means; drive means operably connecting said electric motor
  • a device for indicating the relative elongation of fibers prior to breaking comprising: fixed clamping means for fixedly holding an end of the fiber; movable clamping means for gripping the other end of said fiber; indicator means for indicating the relative position of said movable clamping means; electric motor means; electrical circuit means connected to said electric motor means and connectable to a source of electric current for actuating said electric motor means; first drive means operably connect ing said electric motor means with said movable clamping means for moving it in a direction to apply tension to a fiber secured thereto and to said fixed clamping means;
  • second drive means operably connecting said electric motor means with said indicator means; control means in the electrical circuit means and disposed and secured between said fixed clamping means and said movable clamping means in a position to be engaged and actuated by a fiber under test for completing an electrical circuit to said electric motor drive means, and manually operated switch means connected in said electrical circuit means for stopping said electric motor means while said control means is engaged and actuated by the fiber under test and for reversing the direction of said electric motor means and that of said first and second drive means thereby relieving the tension on said fiber, the complete release of tension on said fiber or the breaking of the fiber as a result of elongating it under tension, resulting in the release of said control means and the interruption of said electric circuit to said electric motor.
  • said indicator means includes a dial driven by the second drive means and a fixed index, the dial moving passed the fixed index for registering the degree of movement of the movable clamping means.
  • a device in which said movable clamping means is a rotatable stud.
  • a device in which said movable clamping means is a sliding plate.
  • control means for completing the electric circuit includes a control dog and a supply microswitch for said motor, said control dog being capable of controlling said supply microswitch when said fiber bears against it so as to interrupt the supply of electric current to said motor when said fiber is disengaged from the control dog due to detensioning or breaking.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
US590433A 1966-06-07 1966-10-28 Device for indicating the relative elongation of fibers prior to breaking Expired - Lifetime US3483740A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR64514A FR1489163A (fr) 1966-06-07 1966-06-07 Appareil de mesure de l'élasticité et de résistance d'un cheveu

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3483740A true US3483740A (en) 1969-12-16

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ID=8610352

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US590433A Expired - Lifetime US3483740A (en) 1966-06-07 1966-10-28 Device for indicating the relative elongation of fibers prior to breaking

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3483740A (ru)
BE (1) BE685303A (ru)
CH (1) CH440582A (ru)
DE (1) DE1573463C3 (ru)
ES (1) ES330582A1 (ru)
FR (1) FR1489163A (ru)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4069136A (en) * 1976-10-26 1978-01-17 Uop Inc. Countercurrent hydrocarbon conversion with gravity-flowing catalyst particles
US4069135A (en) * 1976-10-26 1978-01-17 Uop Inc. Hydrogen-producing hydrocarbon conversion with gravity-flowing catalyst particles

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012215913B3 (de) * 2012-09-07 2014-02-13 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Simulation der lebensnahen Belastung zumindest einer Eigenschaft von Haarsträhnen

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1190596A (en) * 1915-07-06 1916-07-11 Henry L Scott Stretch-measuring device for testing-machines.
US1327393A (en) * 1918-07-24 1920-01-06 Us Tire Company Fabric-testing machine
US1932682A (en) * 1929-04-18 1933-10-31 Albert T Weiss Hair testing device
US2217080A (en) * 1938-05-09 1940-10-08 Herald M Ruch Tire cord demonstration device
US2496053A (en) * 1946-12-23 1950-01-31 John E Hope Tension test device for human hair
US2634607A (en) * 1946-08-09 1953-04-14 Lawson Products Inc Strand testing machine
US2693108A (en) * 1951-10-02 1954-11-02 Coats & Clark Continuous thread tester
US3282083A (en) * 1963-07-08 1966-11-01 Messers Kistler Instr Ag Spring checking appliance

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1190596A (en) * 1915-07-06 1916-07-11 Henry L Scott Stretch-measuring device for testing-machines.
US1327393A (en) * 1918-07-24 1920-01-06 Us Tire Company Fabric-testing machine
US1932682A (en) * 1929-04-18 1933-10-31 Albert T Weiss Hair testing device
US2217080A (en) * 1938-05-09 1940-10-08 Herald M Ruch Tire cord demonstration device
US2634607A (en) * 1946-08-09 1953-04-14 Lawson Products Inc Strand testing machine
US2496053A (en) * 1946-12-23 1950-01-31 John E Hope Tension test device for human hair
US2693108A (en) * 1951-10-02 1954-11-02 Coats & Clark Continuous thread tester
US3282083A (en) * 1963-07-08 1966-11-01 Messers Kistler Instr Ag Spring checking appliance

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4069136A (en) * 1976-10-26 1978-01-17 Uop Inc. Countercurrent hydrocarbon conversion with gravity-flowing catalyst particles
US4069135A (en) * 1976-10-26 1978-01-17 Uop Inc. Hydrogen-producing hydrocarbon conversion with gravity-flowing catalyst particles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE685303A (ru) 1967-01-16
DE1573463C3 (de) 1975-02-27
ES330582A1 (es) 1967-06-16
DE1573463B2 (de) 1974-07-11
FR1489163A (fr) 1967-07-21
CH440582A (fr) 1967-07-31
DE1573463A1 (de) 1970-04-30

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