US3473743A

US3473743A - Brake device for headcenter of a gyratory crusher

Info

Publication number: US3473743A
Application number: US627997A
Authority: US
Inventors: Heinz W Winter
Original assignee: Allis Chalmers Corp
Current assignee: Allis Chalmers Corp
Priority date: 1967-04-03
Filing date: 1967-04-03
Publication date: 1969-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 1986-10-21

Description

Oct. 21, 1969 H. w. wm'rER 3,473,743

BRAKE DEVICE FOR HEADCENTER OF A GYRATORY CRUSHER Filed April 5, 1967 za r- 4 V &\\\\\\ a United States Patent O 3,473,743 BRAKE DEVICE FOR HEADCENTER OF A GYRATORY CRUSHER Heinz W. Winter, Wauwatosa, Wis., assignor to Allis- Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis. Filed Apr. 3, 1967, Ser. No. 627,997 Int. Cl. B02'c 2/04, 2/10, 25/00 US. Cl. 241-208 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In a gyratory crusher, the headcenter or crusher head is supported on an eccentric sleeve in such manner that rotation of the eccentric sleeve imparts a gyratory movement to the crusher head. To prevent rotation of the crusher head with and in the same direction as the eccentric sleeve under idling conditions, one or more selfenergizing brake assemblies are provided. Each brake assembly comprises a brake shoe supported by and biased by a leaf spring or springs. The brake shoe preferably bears against part of the stationary frame structure, such as the stationary dust collar of the crusher, while the supporting leaf spring is anchored to a portion of the gyrating crusher head.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention This invention relates to gyratory crushers and more particularly to a braking means for preventing spinning of the crusher head or headcenter when the crusher is not under load.

As is well known in the art, the crushing head of a gyratory crusher is mounted on an eccentric sleeve which is rotatably driven to impart a gyratory motion to the crushing head within the crushing chamber.

A problem which is frequently encountered in gyratory crushers is the fact that in starting up a crusher and with the crusher substantially under no load, the crusher head will not only gyrate as the eccentric sleeve rotates but will also tend to rotate with the eccentric sleeve due to the bearing drag between the rotating eccentric sleeve and the crusher head. Thus, for example, the eccentric sleeve may be rotating at some speed such as 300 r.p.m. and the bearing drag between the unloaded crusher 'head and the rotating eccentric sleeve may be such that the crusher head or headcenter will rotate at a speed just slightly less than that of the rotating eccentric sleeve. Such spinning rotation of the headcenter is undesirable since it causes the rocks and stones which are being loaded into the crusher to be thrown about and even to be thrown out of the crusher.

However, when the crusher is under load, it is important that the crusher head be capable of moving relatively slowly in a retrograde direction with respect to the direction of rotation of the eccentric sleeve.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a braking means for preventing undesirable rotation of the headcenter of an unloaded gyratory crusher.

It is another object of the invention to provide a braking means which prevents undesirable spinning or rotation of the crusher head, particularly under the starting or unloaded conditions, but which permits a retrograde rotation of the crusher head relative to the rotating eccentric under load conditions.

In achievement of these objectives, there is provided in accordance with this invention in combination with a gyratory crusher a self-energizing brake assembly for 3,473,743 Patented Oct. 21, 1969 ICC preventing rotation Of, the crusher head with the eccentric due to bearing drag, under the idling or no-load condition of the crusher. The brake assembly comprises a brake shoe supported by and biased by a leaf spring or springs. The brake shoe preferably bears against a part of the stationary frame structure, such as the stationary dust collar of the crusher, while the supporting leaf spring is anchored to a portion of the gyrating crusher head, and biases the brake shoe into engagement with the dust collar.

Other objects, advantages and the manner in which such are attained will be apparent from the following description of the invention with reference to the drawing in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a view in vertical section of a gyratory crusher provided with braking means in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 2 is a vie-w in horizontal section taken along line II-II of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 3 is a view in horizontal section similar to FIG. 2 but showing a modified mounting arrangement for the braking device.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to the drawing, there is shown a gyratory crusher generally indicated at 10 including a lower frame section 12 and an upper frame section 14. The upper frame section 14 is upwardly open and has secured therein a bowl liner or concave 16. A crusher head 18 is mounted for gyratory movement and has secured to the upper surface thereof a crushing mantle 20. A crushing chamber 22 is defined between the facing surfaces of bowl liner 16 and crusher head mantle 20. A distributor plate 24 is suitably secured to the upper end of nut 23 which secures crusher mantle 20 to crusher head 18. The crusher head 18 is mounted for gyratory movement on an eccentric sleeve 26. A sleeve bearing 28, which may be secured to the inner surface of crusher head 18, is interposed between the crusher head 18 and the outer surface of eccentric sleeve 26. Eccentric sleeve 26 is mounted for rotation about an upstanding pedestallike portion 30 which forms part of the supporting frame. A sleeve bearing 32 is interposed between the inner surface of eccentric sleeve 26 and the outer surface of the pedestal-like portion 30. A drive gear 34 driven by any suitable source of power, engages a driven gear 36 carried by eccentric sleeve 26 to rotate eccentric sleeve 26, whereby to impart a gyratory movement to crusher head 18.

A vertically adjustable shaft 38 extends axially upwardly through a passage in pedestal-like portion 30 of the frame and carries on the upper end thereof a bearing 40 which engages a bearing 42 carried by the under surface of crusher head 18. A hydraulic fluid or the like is admitted through the passage 44 and pushes upon piston 45 at the lower end of shaft 38 whereby to provide vertical upward adjusting movement of the shaft 38 to adjust the height of crusher head 18.

A dust seal retaining ring structure generally indicated at 46 is provided and includes an upper retaining ring portion 48 which is secured by bolts or the like to the under horizontal surface portion of crusher head 18 and a lower dust seal retaining ring portion 50 which is secured by bolts or the like to the under surface of the radially outer rim portion 51 of the upper dust seal retaining ring portion 48.

The upper retaining ring portion 48 includes an upwardly and radially outwardly inclined surface 49 bounded by downwardly extending outer rim portion 51.

The lower retaining ring portion 50 includes an upwardly and radially outwardly inclined surface 53 which lies parallel to but below the inclined surface 49 of upper retaining ring portion 48 when the parts are assembled. The spaced inclined surfaces 49 and 53 define a groove for receiving a dust seal ring 56.

A stationary dust collar 52 is rigidly mounted on and extends vertically upwardly from the upper surface of the radially outer portion of the inner frame member 54. Dust collar 52 is coaxial with the central vertical axis of the crusher assembly. Dust seal ring 56, which may be formed of any suitable material, such as a suitable plastic material or the like, is coaxially mounted on the outer surface of a stationary dust collar 52 and is received in the groove of the dust seal retaining ring 46. As the crusher head gyrates during the operation of the crusher, the dust seal retaining ring 46 has a sliding motion relative to the dust seal ring 56, and in succesive moments occupies different radial positions relative to dust seal ring 56, as can best be seen by comparing the relative positions of the dust seal retaining ring 46 and the dust seal ring 56 at the left and right-hand sides of the view of FIG. 1.

In accordance with the invention, the crusher is provided with means for braking the crusher head 18 to prevent spinning thereof which is effective substantially only during the no-load or idling operation of the crusher. The crusherhead 18 includes a downwardly depending skirt-like portions 58, the outer surface of which faces the inner surface of stationary dust collar 52. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawing, a groove 60 is provided around the entire periphery of crusher head skirt portion 58 adjacent but spaced above the lower edge thereof. Two diametrically oppositely located brake assemblies, each generally indicated at 62, are provided, each brake assembly comprising a brake shoe 66 supported and activated by a leaf spring assembly 63 comprising one or more leaf springs. Each of the leaf spring assemblies 63 is anchored by means of a suitable fastening means such as a bolt 64 or the like in the groove 60 of the skirt portion 58 of the crusher head. A radially inner portion of the length of each leaf spring assembly lies within and is supported by groove 60. Thus, groove 60 aids in stabilizing the spring. A further advantage of groove 60 is the fact that it permits spring 63 to retract for a substantial extent into the groove in certain positions of the gyrating crusher head 18, thereby reducing the necessity clearance space required for the brake assembly to a minimum.

Each of the leaf spring assemblies 63 has pivotally secured to the radially outer end thereof a brake shoe 66 which is adapted to bear against the inner surface of stationary dust collar 52. The brake shoes 66 should be lined with a material having a good coefficient of friction relative to an oily surface. The leaf springs 63 are biased to flex radially outwardly into engagement with the inner surface of stationary dust collar 52. In the embodiments shown in the drawing, it is assumed that the eccentric 26 rotates in a counterclockwise direction shown by the arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3. When the crusher is operating under no-load conditions, there is a tendency for the crusher head 18 to rotate in the same counterclockwise direction as the eccentric 26 and at a speed just slightly less than the rate of rotation of eccentric 26. Each brake shoe 66 is biased by its corresponding leaf spring assembly 63 into engagement with the inner surface of stationary dust collar 52 in such a direction as to oppose any tendency of crusher head 18 to move in a counterclockwise direction. As seen in FIG. 2, it will be noted that the brake shoe assembly 62 is so mounted that the brake shoe 66 leads the fastening connection 64 of the brake shoe assembly with respect to the direction of rotation of the crusher head 18 which it is desired to oppose, namely, in this example, the counterclockwise direction of rotation.

When the crusher is loaded, there is a natural tendency of the crusher head 18 to move slowly in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the eccentric 26, and the brake shoe assembly 62 does not oppose such retrograde movement.

As will be seen in the view of FIG. 1, the vertical dimension of the stationary dust collar 52 is considerably greater than the vertical height of the brake shoe 66, so that the crusher head 18 may be adjusted vertically in either an upward or downward direction from the position shown in FIG. 1 and still have the brake shoe 66 bear against the inner surface of stationary dust collar 52. Similarly, the dust seal 56 may move up or down with the dust seal retaining ring 46 upon the vertical upward or downward adjusting movement of crusher head 18.

Due to the gyratory motion of the crusher head, the radial distance in any given vertical plane between the dust collar and the adjacent skirt portion 58 of the crusher head is constantly changing. The leaf spring assembly 63 which supports the brake shoe 66 accommodates itself to this variable spacing, as can best be seen in the views of FIGS. 1 and 2.

There is shown in FIG. 3 a modified arrangement which is generally similar to FIG. 2 except that the brake shoe assemblies generally indicated at 70 are secured by fastening devices 72 to the inner surface of the stationary dust collar 52 and the brake shoes 74 carried by the radially inner end of the leaf springs 76, ride against the outer surface of skirt 58. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the leaf springs 76 are biased radially inwardly and cause the brake shoes 74 to exert a braking force which opposes the counterclockwise motion of crusher head 18 due to hearing drag with respect to the counterclockwise rotating eccentric 26. It will be noted that in the embodiment of FIG. 3, where the leaf spring assembly is anchored to the stationary dust collar, that the two fastening devices 72 by means of which the brake shoe assembly is anchored to dust collar 52 lead the brake shoe 74 with respect to the direction of rotation of the crusher head 18 which it is desired to prevent.

It can be seen from the foregoing that there is provided in accordance with this invention an improved braking arrangement for preventing undesirable spinning or rotation of a gyratory crusher head under idling or noload conditions, while at the same time permitting a retrograde movement of the crusher head under load conditions. The braking assembly of the invention is relatively inexpensive and easy to install and provides an efficient braking action.

While there have been shown and described particular embodiments of the inveniton, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the invention and, therefore, it is aimed to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exelusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. A gyratory crusher comprising a frame, a bowl liner mounted on said frame, an eccentric supported for rotation by said frame, means for rotating said eccentric, a crusher head, bearing means between said eccentric and said crusher head whereby rotation of said eccentric imparts gyratory movement to said crusher head, means for braking said crusher head against rotation with said eccentric comprising a brake assembly including a brake shoe and spring means for biasing said brake shoe, means cooperating with said brake assembly comprising a downwardly depending skirt portion carried by said cnisher head, a dust collar mounted on said frame in radially spaced relation to said skirt portion, said dust collar including a peripheral surface facing a peripheral surface of said skirt portion, said brake assembly being mounted between said surfaces with said spring means being supported by one of said surfaces and with said brake shoe engaging the other of said surfaces and 'being frictionally biased toward said other surface by said spring means in a direction which resists rotation of said crusher head in the same direction as the direction of rotation of said eccentric.

2. A gyratory crusher as defined in claim 1 in which said spring means is a leaf spring.

3. A gyratory crusher as defined in claim 1 in which said skirt portion has a peripheral groove thereon and said spring means is supported at one of its ends in said groove.

4. A gyratory crusher as defined in claim 3 in which said spring means is a leaf spring.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 10 ROBERT c. RIORDON, Primary Examiner D. G. KELLY, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.