US3539119A

US3539119A - Brake device for headcenter of a gyratory crusher

Info

Publication number: US3539119A
Application number: US739008A
Authority: US
Inventors: Eugene B Cook
Original assignee: Allis Chalmers Corp
Current assignee: Allis Chalmers Corp
Priority date: 1968-06-21
Filing date: 1968-06-21
Publication date: 1970-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 1987-11-10
Also published as: FR2011394A1; GB1246159A; ZA694177B; DE1931215A1

Description

United States Patent I 72] lnventor Eugene B. Cook West Allis, Wisconsin [21 Appl. No. 739,008

[22] Filed June 21, 1968 [45] Patented Nov. 10, 1970 [73] Assignee Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company Milwaukee, Wisconsin [54] BRAKE DEVICE FOR HEADCENTER OF A Primary Examiner-- Robert C. Riordon Assistant Examiner-Donald G. Kelly Attorneys-Robert C. Sullivan, Arthur M. Streich and Robert B. Benson ABSTRACT: In a gyratory crusher, the headcenter or crusher head is mounted on an eccentric sleeve so that rotation of the eccentric sleeve imparts a gyratory movement to the crusher head. To prevent rotation of the crusher head in the same direction as the eccentric sleeve under idling conditions, a brake assembly is provided. The brake assembly comprises a nonrotatable brake member positioned adjacent the upper end of the crusher head and connected by a torsion member to a nonrotatable portion of the crusher structure, and a cooperating brake member carried by and rotatably movable with the crusher head. Friction material is provided on at least one of the brake members for braking engagement with the other brake member.

BRAKE DEVICE FOR HEADCENTER OF A GYRATORY CRUSHER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention This invention relates to gyratory crushers and more particularly to a braking means for preventing spinning of the crusher head or headcenter when the crusher is not under load, but which permits a retrograde rotation of the crusher head relative to the rotating eccentric under load conditions.

As is well known in the art, the crusher head of a gyratory crusher is mounted on an eccentric sleeve which is rotatably driven to impart a gyratory motion to the crusher head within the crushing chamber.

A problem which is frequently encountered in gyratory crushers is the fact that in starting up a crusher and with the crusher substantially under no load, the crusher head will not only gyrate as the eccentric sleeve rotates but will also tend to rotate with the eccentric sleeve due to the bearing drag between the rotating eccentric sleeve and the crusher head. Thus. for example, the eccentric sleeve may be rotating at some speed such as 300 rpm. and the bearing drag between the unloaded crusher head and the rotating eccentric sleeve may be such that the crusher head or headcenter willrotate at a speed less than that of the rotating eccentric sleeve. Such spinning rotation of the headcenter is undesirable since it causes the rocks and stones which are being loaded into the crusher to be thrown about and even to be thrown out of the crusher.

However, when the crusher is under load, it is important that the crusher head be capable of moving relatively slowly in a retrograde direction with respect to the direction of rotation of the eccentric sleeve.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved braking means for preventing undesirable rotation of the headcenter of an unloaded gyratory crusher.

It is another object of the invention to provide an improved braking means which prevents undesirable spinning or rotation of the crusher head, particularly under starting or unloaded conditions, but which permits a retrograde rotation of the crusher head relative to the rotating eccentric under load conditions.

In achievement of these objectives, there is provided in accordance with this invention in combination with a gyratory crusher a brake assembly for preventing rotation of the crusher head due to bearing drag, under the idling or no load condition of the crusher. The brake assembly comprises a nonrotatable brake member positioned adjacent the upper end ofthe crusher head and connected by a torsion member to a nonrotatable portion of the crusher structure, and a cooperating brake member carried by and rotatably movable with the crusher head. Friction material is provided on at least one of the brake members for braking engagement with the other brake member.

Other objects, advantages, and the manner in which such are attained will be apparent from the following description of the invention with reference to the drawing in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a view in vertical section of a gyratory crusher provided with braking means in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view in vertical section of the braking means; and

FIG. 3 is a view taken along a line Ill-III of FIG. 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to the drawing, there is shown a gyratory crusher generally indicated at including a lower frame section I2 and an upper frame section 14. The upper frame section I4 is upwardly open and has secured therein a bowl liner or concave 16. A crusher head 18 is mounted for gyratory movement and has secured to the upper surface thereof a crushing mantle 20. A crushing chamber 22 is defined between the facing surfaces of bowl liner l6 and crusher head mantle 20. A nut 24 secures crusher mantle 20 to crusher head 18. The crusher head 18 is mounted for gyratory movement on an eccentric sleeve 26. A sleeve bearing 28, which may be secured to the inner surface of crusher head 18, is interposed between the crusher head 18 and the outer surface of eccentric sleeve 26. Eccentric sleeve 26 is mounted for rotation about an upstanding pedestallike portion 30 which forms part of the supporting frame. A sleeve bearing 32 is interposed between the inner surface of eccentric sleeve 26 and the outer surface of the pedestallike portion 30, and may be secured to the inner surface of eccentric sleeve 26. A drive gear 34 driven by any suitable source of power, engages a driven gear 36 carried by eccentric sleeve 26 to rotate eccentric sleeve 26, whereby to impart a gyratory movement to crusher head 18.

A vertically adjustable shaft 38 extends axially upwardly through a passage in pedestallike portion 30 of the frame and carries on the upper end thereof a plate member 40 which is rigidly attached, as by welding, to shaft 38. Plate member 40 supports a bearing 41 which in turn engages a bearing 42 car ried by the under surface of crusher head [8. Bearing 41 is free to slide along the upper surface of plate 40 during the gyrating movement of crusher head 18. A hydraulic fluid or the like is admitted through the passage 44 and pushes upon piston 46 at the lower end of shaft 38 whereby to permit vertical upward adjusting movement of the shaft 38 to adjust the height of crusher head 18.

Upper and lower sleeve bearings 43 are interposed between post 30 and the vertically adjustable shaft 38. The upper sleeve bearing 43 is keyed to post 30 by means of key 39 and shaft 38 is keyed to upper sleeve bearing 43 by key 45. The keyed connections just described permit linear movement of shaft 38 but prevent rotation thereof.

A dust seal retaining ring structure carried by crusher head 18 is generally indicated at 47 and supports a dust ring 48 which engages a stationary dust collar 49 carried by the stationary frame structure to prevent the entrance of rock dust or the like into the operating mechanism of the rock crusher.

In accordance with the invention, the crusher is provided with means for braking the crusher head 18 to prevent spinning thereof which is effective substantially only during the no load or idling operation of the crusher. This braking assembly will now be described.

The Braking Assembly of the crusher there will always be a vertical passage of sufficient clearance in alignment with the axial passage 50 of plate 40. Similarly, the bearing 42 is provided with an axial passage 56 therethrough which is in alignment with the passages previously described in the bearing 41 and in the plate 40. The crusher head 18 is provided with an axial passage 58 therethrough extending to the upper end of the threaded studlike or neck portion 60 of the crusher head which receives the nut member 24. The upper end of the vertical passage 58 in the threaded stud 60 at the upper end of the crusher head terminates in an enlarged countersunk opening 62. A circular disklike plate member 64 is received in the countersunk opening 62. The countersunk opening 62 defines a bearing which permits rotation of crusher head 18 relative to plate member 64. A bushing member 66 extends from the undersurface of plate 64 and has secured therein the upper end of a flexible torsion member 68, which may be a wire cablelike member capable of flexing movement. Torsion member 68 extends through the passage 58 in crusher head l8, ancl through the passages 56 and 54 in bearings 42 and 41, respectively. The lower end of torsion member 68 has a bushing 70 secured thereto. Bushing 7.0 is received in passage 50 in plate 40 mounted on the upper end of shaft 38. Bushing 70 has four circumferentially spaced teeth 74 angularly spaced 90 from each other in the illustrated embodiment. The teeth 74 as best seen in FIG. 2 are arced outwardly in a radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of bushing 70 and are also arced in a circumferential direction. The teeth 74 are adapted to be received within the corresponding spaced slots or grooves 52 of the plate 40 at the upper end of post 38.

A disklike plate member 76 is secured by fastening means 78 to the upper end of threaded stud 60 at the upper end of crusher head 18. An annular spacer member 79 is interposed between the under surface of plate member 76 and the upper surface of threaded stud 60 to maintain plate member 76 in a fixed spaced relation to the upper surface of threaded stud 60. An axial passage 80 is provided in plate member 76 and a stud member 82 rigidly secured to the upper end of plate 64 extends upwardly through passage 80. Friction material 84 of any type conventionally used for brake linings is suitably secured by rivets or other suitable fastening means to the upper and lower surfaces of plate member 76. A brake plate 86 is slidably mounted on stud 82 above the surface of the friction or brake lining material 84 on the upper surface of plate 76. Brake plate 86 is spring biased toward the friction lining 84 by springs 88 which are maintained in compression by a plate member 90 slidably mounted on stud 82. The position of plate 90 may be adjustably varied by means of nut 92 to adjust the pressure of springs 88. The axial height of the upper surface of plate 64 which rests in the countersunk opening 62 is such that the brake lining material 84 on the under surface of plate 76 is in continuous frictional engagement with the upper surface of plate 64.

A cover member 94 is detachably secured to flange portion 96 of nut 24 in overlying relation to the brake assembly. Cover 94 may be removed for repair or adjustment of the brake assembly. I

During the operation of the braking device of the invention, as the crusher head 18 gyrates due to the rotation of the eccentric member 26 on which the crusher head is mounted, the torsion member 68 accommodates itself to the gyratory movement of the crusher head by the rolling contact between the teeth 74 carried by bushing 72 at the lower end of the torsion member and the grooves or slots 52 of the plate member 40.

The plate 64 and the elements connected thereto including bushing 66, stud 82,

plates

86 and 90 and springs 88, define a brake subassembly which gyrates in accordance with the gyratory movement of crusher head 18, but which does not rotate. This brake subassembly just defined is restrained from rotation by the torsion member 68 which is prevented from rotation due to its connection to stationary plate 40. On the other hand, the plate 76 connected to stud 60 of crusher head 18, and the friction material 84 carried by plate 76, will rotate with crusher head 18.

Any tendency of the crusher head 18 to rotate or spin due to the friction drag of the eccentric sleeve 26 under no load conditions is substantially prevented by the braking action exerted by the engagement of the

plates

64 and 86 connected to the torsion member 68, and thus anchored against rotation, with the brake lining or'friction material 84 carried by the plate 76 mounted on crusher head 18.

While the braking engagement of the

plate members

64 and 86 with the friction material 84 is sufficient to prevent rotation of the crusher head 18 under no load conditions in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the eccentric 26, the

brake device just described will not prevent the slow reverse or retrograde movement of the crusher head which occurs under load conditions and which is unobjectionable.

While the torsion member 68 has been shown and decribed as a flexible, cablelike member, a rigid torsion bar could be used instead, as shown, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,227,381, entitled Cone Crusher, issued to Karl Golucke et al. on Jan. 4,' 1966. If a rigid torsion bar is used, it should be provided at opposite ends thereof with a pivotally mounted connection to the plate 40 and to the plate 64 or bushing 66 similar to the connection of the torsion member 68 to plate 40 in FIGS. l-3, or similar to the pivotal mounting arrangement of the torsion bar shown in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,227,38 l.

While there has been shown and described a particular embodiment of the invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the invention and, therefore, it is aimed to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

1 claim:

1. A gyratory crusher comprising a frame, a bowl liner mounted on said frame, an eccentric supported for rotation by said frame, means for rotating said eccentric, a crusher head, said crusher head being mounted on said eccentric with bearing means interposed between said eccentric and said crusher head, whereby rotation of said eccentric imparts gyratory movement to said crusher head, a nonrotatable center post supporting said crusher head, means for braking said crusher head against rotation with said eccentric comprising a first brake member, torsion means connecting said first brake member to said center post, means forming a passage through said crusher head to receive said torsion means, said torsion means being connected at the lower end thereof to said center post, said torsion means being connected at the upper end thereof to said first brake member, said first brake member being supported by said crusher head for nonrotatable gyratory movement therewith by bearing means located at the upper end of said crusher head whereby said crusher head may rotate relative to said first brake member, a second brake member carried by and rotatable with said crusher head, said first and second brake members being positioned contiguous each other for braking cooperation therebetween, and friction material carried by at least one of said brake members for engagement with the other brake member.

2. The gyratory crusher defined in claim 1 in which said first brake member is a disklike plate member and said second brake member is a disklike plate member.

3. The gyratory crusher defined in claim 1 in which said first brake member includes a first brake portion lying in contact with the under surface of said second brake member, and a second brake portion lying in contact with the upper surface of said second brake member.

4. The gyratory crusher defined in claim 1 including spring means biasing said first and second brake members into braking engagement with each other.