US2052706A - Crushing machine - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 1,A 1936. W' W. GUEST 2,052,706

CRUSHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 9, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet lV Seprt. l, 1936. w. w. GUEST v CRUSHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 9, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheeil 2 Patented Sept. 1, 1936 V ISTAT-Es PATENT OFFICE 17 claims. `(o1. :ss-1o) My invention relates to a crushing machine and has for its principal object, the provision of a relatively simple, sturdy `and eflicient machine of wide eccentric range, free from the restrictions and impedimenta pertaining to gyrating shafts or like elements to accomplish the rolling motion of av crushing head operating on an axis oblique to an opposed crushing concave that is concentric with a vertical axis.

. A further object'of my invention is, to provide ample bearing surface for the distribution ofthe crushing load so as to relieve the excessive wear between the material engaging surfaces and consequently providinggreater rigidity for the moving parts and materially increasing the life or period of service of said parts. Y

A further object of the invention is, to provide a yielding support that is arranged so as to move Vaway from the fixed' crushing element in a down- Vtaminate'the lubricant.

. A further object of .the invention is, to provide a crushing head having a nearly'spherical crush# ing .surfanerthe slope of'which gradually decreases toward the apex of the crushing zone so Yas to retard theY passage of large `material and permitting the ready passage of crushed material over the crushing surface of the head and consequentlyminimizing the tendency of choke within the crushingcavity While the machine is in operation.`

A further object of the invention is, to provide a bearing surface for the support of the crushing load,which'surfaces arranged so as to effectively confine the direction of the resultant of .thecrushing forces within the boundary of thebearing surface, thereby eliminating tendency of tipping action of the. head and consequent heating of 'the bushings common'` to'all forms "of spherical Vor balli'and socket bearings utilized in connectiofn'with gyrating shafts and the like.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, my invention consists in vcertain novel features of construction and arrangement of partsV that will hereinafter be more. fully described and claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is avertical section taken through the center of a crushing machine embodying the principles of my' invention. l

Fig.' 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Referring by numerals to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a practical embodiment of my invention, 5 designates a suitable foundation on which is mounted a substantially cylindrical frame B provided with: inwardly projecting ribs 'I that support a vertically disposed cylindrical housing 8. Ribs 'I and housing 8 are preferably formed integral with frame 6. Supported by housing 8 and secured thereto by studs 9 and nuts I0 is a two-piece gear housing comprising an upper half II and a lower half II. Arranged on the lower half of thegear housing is a wear ring I2 and projecting upwardly from the center of said lower half of the gear housing is a journal pin I3.-

Projecting laterally from the gear housing beneath frame 6 is a shaft housing I4 that issecured to frame 6 by screws I5, to the gear housing I I by bolts I6 and to housing 8 by screws I6.

Arranged within housing I4 andl journaled in suitable anti-friction bearings I1 is a shaft I8 on the inner end of which is mounted a bevel pinion I9 that bears against a thrust washer 20 and said pinion being secured to shaft I8 by key 2I.

Secured to shaft I8 by means of a gib key 22 is a y wheel pulley 23 and a belt operating on this pulley may be driven by any convenient source of power.' 'v

Mounted for rotation on journal pin I3 is a hushed quill 24, the upper portion of which is provided with teeth 25 that are parallel with the vertical axis of pin I3, the purpose of which will hereinafter more fully appear.

Fixed on `quill 24 and secured thereto by a feather key 2S is a bevel gear wheel 2'I- that meshes with and is driven by bevel pinion I9.

A thrust ring 28 is arranged between bevel gear 21 and the upper half II of the gear housing, thereby providing a thrust bearing for said bevel gear wheel.

Supported by the outer portion of the' upper half II of the gear housing, are compression springs 29 that are stressed to their normal bearing tension by means of bolts 30 having heads 3| that occupy non-circular openings in quills 32 and which latter may be rotated'by means of a suitable tool such vas a socket wrench and which` rotary movement rotates bolts30 and screws vthe same into or out of the gear housing II and conthe bearing table and at the same time allowing sufcient vertical movement to permit depression of the active crushing element as occasion requires and as'will be hereinafter more f ully set forth.

Removably secured on the'bea'ring"tablev34 is a wearing plate 31 that provides a bearing seat for said table and prevents wear upon the table.

Loosely arranged on the wearing plate 31 are bearing rings 38 and 39 that combine to lform a laminated annular bearing to provide against excessive friction of the bearing surfaces while the machine is 'in operation; A bushing 491s xedin the bearing table 34 to kform a replaceable vertical bearing surface and to receivethe horizontal thrust developed by the active crushing loads. Y

AArranged to slide on bearing plates 3 8 and 39 and adapted to rotate on a vertical axis in bushing 40 of tablev34 is a hollowspindle 4I .having a ldepending cylindrical portion and projecting inwardly from the lower endof said depending portion are teeth 42 that engagethe teeth 25 Von quill24. Y

The engagement ofthe teeth 24 and 42 provides a simple and eicient driving connection between quill 24 and hollow spindle 4I and at the same time permits the necessary verticalV movement of saidhollow spindle. a 'y Y The upper extension of spindle 4I is conical in` form andy thek axis j of this conical portion is slightly inclined with respect to the Vertical axis of the main body of said spindle. i'

The base ofthe conical: upper extension/is formed eccentric to the lower portion of the body.-

Thevertical axis of the spindle 4I is illustrated by theline A-VA, Fig. l, while theinclinedor oblique, axisfor the conical upward extensioniof said spindle is illustrated'by line yB BfEig. l. Secured toY spindle 4I by screws42 is a dust excluding ring 43, having a flange that overliesy the upper portion of housing 8 andarranged in grooves 45 that are `formed in the outer surface ofV the'upper'portion of housing 8 are packing rings 44 that `engage the inner face ofthe depending ange of ringV 43. s

Arranged for rotation on the conical upper extensionof spindle 4I is alhollow substantially hyperbolic ifbrushng head 46 within/which is secured a bushing 41 and projecting radially outward from this head 49r are webs 48 with which arerfornied integral a substantiallyfhyperbolical crushing shell 49.

. Arrangedto slide vertically in crushing head 46 isan oil ring 59 that is'normally urged downwardly by compression vsprings 5I Vlocated inpock.- ets 52 in head 45 and'saidoil seal ring slideably engages an upwardly projecting flange53 that is formed on spindle 4I around the base ofthe conicalf upper extension thereof. This'ringy 50 provides-a simple` and e'cient seal to prevent the passage of oil and at the same time excluding dust Vor other impurities that would otherwise alect the operating parts of the active crushing element. n.

Mounted on the crushing head and secured thereto by means of a follower ring 54 and screw fr l55, are replaceable wear plates 56 and 51 that are Follower ring 54 is provided with lugs 58 that`V` ofv rotation ofV the following ring 54 relative to [theheadta Y Y A'cover 69 is screw seated in the upper end of Y iollowerrringV 5.4, thus protecting the head .ofiv

screw 55. against mutilation and battering by material fed into the machine.

"engage in pockets 59, formed in head 46, thereby preventing the looseningof screw as a result VVArranged to slide vertically: within the upper Y portion of` frame 6 is a crushing concave' 6I, pror`r vided :with adjusting screws 62 and Vretained in position by bolts ,64 that pass ythrough flanges on said'frame; 6 and concave 6I and which bolts receive nutsl E3.

` The adjusting'screws, 62V areJ Y arranged'alternately with theboltsg64 and provide means'for adjustingthe vertical position ofVV concave 6 I Secured to crushing concave 6I Vby'screwrs' 65 is a'hopper 66 which connes the stream of' material that is fed Vto the crushing machine.

' Mounted in the crushing cavity of the concaveV 6I and secured by bolts 61 and'nuts 68 is a replaceable wearing plate 69 that protects thezcon-V cave 6I from abrasion'during crushing Voperaj tions.

' Mounted in the upper bowl of the concave 5I and secured by'bolts 1ll,and nutsl 1I are `wearing j said concave 6Irand crushing head 46.

Mounted for rotation inthe upper endofjournal pin, I3 isa vertically. disposed tube 13, the upper open end of vwhich is seated in the upperfend*` of 'the conical upper extension ofrspindle 4I and this` tube is adapted Vto convey liquid lubricant from an axialgduct 14 in pin I3, to the cavity 15 that is formed between head 46 andthe upper end of the conical extension of spindle 4I.`

Oil grooves'16 and ducts 11 are provided on spin-fV Aforced by pressure through this pipe.;

. The-pinion shaft bearings I1 Aare-lubricated independently by theintroduction of lubricant directly into the pinion shaft housing'rl4 through.

ducts 18 that are formed in Vsaid housingY and Vthe surplus lubricant passes out through duct 19 and thence through drain opening 80 `into* a sump. directly below pinion I 9 andfexcess oil from this sump overflows through outlet ductV 8l Vto a suitable receptacle. YAs pinion I9 rotates-itv dips `into the oil that accumulates in the sump. f

An oil collar 82 is secured von shaft I8 soasV to deflect oil'intoan oil cap 83 that is secured to' thev outer: end of Vhousing I4 by screws 84Vand this lubricant thus .deected into saidrcap drains.'

'zov

ensayos throughport 85 and'thence through port 8i) to the yoil sump. g 4

`In the operation` of my irllspl'ovedA machine, a belt operating Von pulley'23 eftects-rotatlontheree ofY andsha-ft AI8 and pinion I9 and thelatter meshing-' with gear wheel 21 .rotation thereof, togetherwith Atluerquill-24 so that `the latter-rotateson journal,` pin I3; y

As a result of the engagement of teeth 215Y with teeth 4L-spindle 4I is rotated Von the vertical axis Af-A and carrying-crushing head 46 through a. horizontal pathiconcentric withV the; vertical axis A-A and thecrushing concave 6I.. Y As a stream of material, introduced into the hopper 66, passesover the wear vplates 12 into the crushing cavity between the wear plates `5E andA 51 on the crushing head 46 and the wear platesjl in the crushing concave-6l, said ore produces contact between the head 46 and concave 6| so as to cause rotation of the head 46 about thefi-nclined axis B-B of the upper extension of spindle lil.V This conditions produces an alternate crushing and release'of the material within the crushing cavity duri-ng each revolution'of the spindle 4| and whensaid material is released after beingcrushed, it is lpermitted to fall` away from the crushing head between the frame Grand housing 8 .and such crushed materialdischarges unto a conveyoror a suitable re'- ceptacle.

The spindle M that carries theV crushing head 45 is yieldingly supported between springs 29 and under normal conditions these springs are compressed Vsuiiiciently to resist yielding under ordinary material lcrushing conditions or while crushable material is passing through the machine.

Should, however, an uncru'shable object, for instance, a nut, bolt or metaltool, pass into the crushing cavity, the springs will yield to permit the bearing table to move downwardly irto the housingB a sumjcient distance to permit the passage of the uncrushable material or object without undue strains or breakage of parts of the machine and the shock developed as the crush-A ing head is engaged by an uncrushable object is entirely absorbed by the springs 29 that support the bearing table and parts carried thereby.V

Thus itfwill be seen that I have..provided a crushingmachine Vthat is relatively simple in construction, having a wide range of vadjustability and which machine may be conveniently and economically employed for crushing ore rock and like material.

It will be understood. that minor changes in the size, form and'construction of the various parts of my improved crushing machine may be made and substituted for those herein shown and described without departing from the spirit Yof Ymy, invention, the scope of-which is setl forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention: c l. In a crushing machine, a spindle mounted Yto rotate on a vertical axis, a bearingforsaid spindle, a table mounted to move vertically for a limited distance and supporting said bearing., springs supportingV said table, means forl regulating the tens-ion and limiting the extension of saidsprings, means for mounting said springs, a frame for supporting said mounting, a crushingV concave mounted to Vmove vertically in said frame, means for verticallyadjusting said crush-l ing concave, a crushinghead mounted to. rotate on an inclined axis on Vthe upper portion of said spindle, within the concavity of said crushing concime,Y means for.; driving isaidfspindlef. and means forslubricatingtthe bearings of said spindle, said crushing head, said table and said spin- Adiel driving means.Y

Vv2. Inza crushing machine, a xed crushing concave, a spindle `mounted for rotationon -a vertical axis below, saidv concave, said spindle comprising-a lower Vpart -and an upper part, springs arranged between-a. xed part of the machine and the upperl part of said spindle for yieldingly supportingthe upper part, the Vupper portion of the upper part of said spindle being inciined with respect to the axis of said spindle and asubstantially. conical crushing head loosely mounted on ,the inclinedupper portion of the .upper part of said spindle and positioned Within said concave. A

3. In a crushing machine, a xedcrushing concave, a, spindle mounted -for rotation on a vertical axis below said concave, said. spindle comprising a lower part and an upper part, springs arranged between a xed part of the machine and the upper part ofvsaid spindle for yieldingly supporting the upper part, the upper portion of the upper part of said spindle being inclined'withrespect to the-axis of said spindle, a substantially conical crushing head loosely mounted .on the inclined upper portion of the upper part of said spindle and positioned within said concaveand means for imparting rotary motion to the lower part of said spindle.

4. Ina crushing machine, a iixed crushing concave, a spindle mounted to rotate on a vertical axis below said concave, said spindle comprising a lower part and an upper part,` said up#` per part being mounted for vertical movement on the lower part, springs arranged between. a xed part of the machine and the upper part of said spindle for yieldingly resisting the downward movement of the upperpart, a conical headv projecting upwardly from the upper part ofthe spindle into saidv crushing concave, which conical head is inclined with respect to the axis of the spindle and a crushing head loosely mounted on said conical head and disposed within said concave.. v

5. In a. crushing machine, the combination with a spindle anda crushingV concave, the axes of which are coincident andthe upper portion `of the spindle being inclined with respect to the L 6.1m a.. crushing machine, me YcompilationY with a spindle and a crushing concave, the Aaxes of which are coincident, said spindle comprising. separately formed upper andlower parts, the upper portion of the upper. part of the spindle being `inclined with respect to the coincident axes of the spindleY and crushing. concave, and said upper part being mounted to rotate with and move vertically Vupon the lower part of a crushing" head mounted to rotate. on the inclined .upper part of the spindle within said crushing concave and springs arranged betweenthe upper portion oi theupper. part of the spindle anda xed part of the crushervv frame for yieldingly resisting the downward movement of the upper part ofv said spindle. v f

7. In a crushing machine, the combination with a-Yspindle and-a crushing concave,jthle axes of which are coincidenmsaid spindle comprising separately formedupperand lower parts, the upper portion of the upperpartof the spindle being inclined withwrespect-to thercoincident axes fof the upper part of the spindle Vand'means for adjusting the Yvertical position of said crushing concave."

8. In ya crushing machine, a spindle mounted for rotation on a vertical axis, said spindle coml surrounding said crushing head.

prising a lower part and an upper part, springs supported by arxed part of the machine for yieldingly supporting the upper part, said upper part being connected to the lower part soI as to rotate therewith 'f and move vertically relative thereto, 'a crushing head mounted for rrotation on the upper part of said spindle, 'that portion of the upper part of the spindle'upon which the crushing head is mountedV beingy inclined with respect to the axis of the'spindle and a crushing concave disposed above and adjacent to said crushing head. Y Y

9:Inr a' crushing machine, a 'spindle Vmounted for rotation on a vertical laxisysaid spindle comprising a lower part andA an upper part, springs supported by'a fixed partof the machine for yieldin'gly supporting the upper part, said upper part being connected 'to the lower part so as to rotate therewith` and move vertically relativetheret a crushing head" mounted forrotaton on the upper part rofl said spindle, that portion Voi' the lupper part -of the spindle upon which the crushing head is mounted being inclined with respect to the axis of the spindle, a crushing'concave disposed above andk adjacentto said crushing head and means forsimparting rotary motion to the vlowerpart of i said spindle. f

l: In a crushing machine, a spindle mounted torotate on a vertical axis, said spindle compris-k ing a lower part andan upper part, said upper part being connected'to the lowerpart so as to rotate therewith and moveV vertically relative thereof, springs arranged betweenthe upper part f the spindle and a fixed part" of the machine frame s for yieldingly resisting the f downward movement of the upper part of `said spindle which' springs are stressed to their normal bearing tension, Va' crushing headmounted for rotation on Vthe upper lpart of said spindle, that'portion of the upper part of the spindle'uponwhich the crushing head is mounted being inclined' with respect to the axis of the spindlefand a crushing concave 11. In a crushingV machine, a spindle mounted to rotatefon' a vertical axis, said spindle comprising Yan'upper part' andra lower part, said upper part being connected to the lower 4partso as to rotate therewith and move vertically relative thereto; springs arranged between the upper part of the spindle and a fixed part of the machinev frame for yieldingly resisting theA downwardv movement of the upper part 'ofV said 4spindle which'springs arestressed to their normal'bearing tension, a crushing head mounted for rotation on the upper part of vsaid spindle, Vthat portion of the upper part of 'the' spindle upon which the crushing head is mounted beinginclined withV A respect-to the axis of the spindle, a vertically adk justable"V crushingconcave V:surrounding @said crushing head and means for imparting rotary motion to said spindle. Y Y v Y 12. In a crushing machine, av spindle mounted to-'rotate on a .vertical axis,`said spindle comprisingV a'V lowerrpart fand' an upper part, springs resting on a xedpart of the machine for resist-V ing the'downward movement of theupper part of said spindle, said upper part 'being connected to the lower part so as to rotate therewith and move vertically relative thereto, the upper part of saidv spindle' being inclined Vwith respect tothe axis of the lower portion of said spindle, a crushing Yhead mounted to'rotate on Vthe inclined upper part of said spindle, a vertically adjustable crushing concave surrounding said crushing head and means for lubricating the bearings of said spindleV Y and' crushing head. Y Y

13.V In a'crushin'g machine, a spindle mounted to rotate ona vertical axis, Vsaidfspindle Vconiprisvertically relative thereto, the upper lpari/of'sai'dv spindlebeing Vinclined with-respectto they axis of the lower portion of said spindle, a crushing head -mounted to rotate on the inclined upper part oi said spindle, a verticallyV adjustable crushing concave surrounding said crushing head,v

means for imparting rotary motion to said spindle and means for lubricating the vbearings of Y said spindle, said spindle Vdrivinggmeans and the bear.-

ings for the crushing head.

14. In a crushing machine, af spindle vmounted Y. to rotate on a vertical axis, said spindle comprising a lower part and anfu'pper part, springs bear-Y ing on a xedpa-rt of` the machine for resisting the downward movementl of the upper Ypart ofY said spindle, said upper `part being connectedfto'the lower part so as' to Vrotate therewith and move vertically relative thereto, a substantially conical member projecting Vupwardly from the upper part of saidspindle," which conicalY member is slightly Y inclinedY with respectV to the axisV of rotation ot said spindle, a crushing head mounted'for., rotation on the inclined portion of said conical member and Val crushing concave arranged above saidY crushing head.

"15.,In a crushing machine, aspindle mounted tofrotate on a vertical axis,said spindle compris-V Ying a lower part and an upper part, springs bearing ona fixed part of the'machine for resisting the downward movementof the upper part of said spindle, said upper part being connected to the lower part so as to rotate Ytherewith and move vertically 'relative thereto, a substantially conical memberprojecting upwardly from the upper part of said spindle, which conical member is slightly inclined with respect to the axis of rotation of Y said spindle, a -crushing'head VVmounted'for rotation on the inclined portion of said conical member, a crushing concave arranged above V'saidY crushing head and means for adjusti the vertical position of. said: concave.' v Y Y 16. In a crushingV machinekthe combination axis, said spindle comprising al lower part and an Vwith a spindle mounted to rotate on a vertical Y upper part, springs bearing on a xed part of the machine for yieldingly resisting theV downward movement of the upper part of said spindle, said upper part being connected to the lower part so as to rotate therewith and moving Vertically relative thereto, the upper portion of said tance relative to the lower part and to rotate on a vertical axis, springs arranged beneath the upper part of said spindle and a xed part of the Crusher frame for supporting the upper vertically movable part of said spindle which springs are stressed to their normal bearing tension, means for regulating the tension of said springs, the upper portion of said spindle being slightly inclined with respect to the axis of rotation of said spindle, a crushing head mounted to rotate on -the inclined upper portion of said spindle, a crushing concave surrounding said crushing head and mea-ns for driving said spindle.

WILLIAM W. GUEST.

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