US3472655A - Sinter products for nitrating steel - Google Patents
Sinter products for nitrating steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3472655A US3472655A US650175A US3472655DA US3472655A US 3472655 A US3472655 A US 3472655A US 650175 A US650175 A US 650175A US 3472655D A US3472655D A US 3472655DA US 3472655 A US3472655 A US 3472655A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- steel
- nitrogen
- sinter
- calcium carbide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 21
- 230000000802 nitrating effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 14
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium cyanamide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[N-]=C=[N-] MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-Epiaffinine Natural products C1C(C2=CC=CC=C2N2)=C2C(=O)CC2C(=CC)CN(C)C1C2CO PXFBZOLANLWPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVXMNHYVCLMLDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OC)=CC=C(C=O)C2=C1 MVXMNHYVCLMLDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005588 Kraus reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/003—Making ferrous alloys making amorphous alloys
Definitions
- steel refining agents e.g. metals or ferro alloys
- This invention relates to a method of producing a sinter product having a high nitrogen content together with steel refining substances, particularly ferro alloys.
- the nitrogen content of the nitrated steel is relatively poor.
- a sinter product containing nitrogen and steel refining substances notably ferro-alloys.
- a particular advantage for using such sinter alloys is that concurrently with the process of nitration refining substances are introduced into the steel, and also that the use of particulate sinter enables them to be used without causing discomfort to the foundrymen by the generation of dust.
- the high specific gravity of the sinter assures better penetration into the steel melt resulting in a more homogeneous distribution of the nitrogen.
- the production of a previously known process for such sinter products included heating an initial mixture of calcium carbide and steel refining substances by the external application of heat, and exposing the mixture to a nitrogen atmosphere.
- This process may be performed for example by filling reaction vessels e.g. shallow baths or tubes, and placing the filled reaction vessels on or into powdered calcium carbide used for the production of lime-nitrogen.
- the heat of reaction generated by the calcum carbide surrounding the baths or tubes during the formation of lime-nitrogen heats the mixture contained inside the baths of tubes from the outside.
- sinter products may be obtained having a high nitrogen content, together with steel refining substances, and which provide an available nitrogen yield of from two to three times that obtained with sinters as herein-before described.
- the invention consists of a method of producing a sinter product having a high nitrogen content together with one or more steel refining agents, in which a homogeneous reaction mixture of finely powdered calcium carbide and crushed steel refining agents is raised to reaction temperature by local heating at points in the inter- -nited States Patent Cir ior of the mixture while the mixture is under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the starting materials are homogenised by thorough mixing using for instance bladed mixers, rotary drum mixers, gravity mixers and screw mixers, and then filled into reaction vessels and points in the interior of the mixture raised to reaction temperature.
- the local points in the interior of the mixture are distributed to provide from 3 to 5 points per square metre of cross section of the charge.
- the reaction temperature of for example 1100 to 1300 C. may be attained by ignition at localized points within the reaction mixture of an igniting mixture or by electrical resistance heating.
- igniting mixtures mixture of alkaline-earth carbides and oxygen-supplying substances have proven to be particularly suitable.
- the charge of starting materials preferably consists of mixtures of 10 to 50 percent by weight, praticularly 30 to 40 percent by weight, of steel refining agents, the remainder being commercial calcium carbide containing at least 65% and preferably 72 to 74%, of calcium carbide.
- the grain size of the calcium carbide used is preferably below 0.5 mm., particularly below 0.1 mm.
- the grain size of the steel refining agents is preferably likewise below 0.5 mm., particularly below 0.24 mm.
- the steel refining agents may be metals, or particularly ferro-alloys such as for example ferro-manganese and ferro-chromium (types affine, surafiine and carb-ure), or ferro-vanadium, ferro-niobiurn-tantalum, ferro-manganese-vanadium, ferro-titanium, ferro-nickel.
- ferro-alloys such as for example ferro-manganese and ferro-chromium (types affine, surafiine and carb-ure), or ferro-vanadium, ferro-niobiurn-tantalum, ferro-manganese-vanadium, ferro-titanium, ferro-nickel.
- the method of the invention may be performed either batch-wise or continuously, in suitable reaction vessels, such as for example cementation furnaces and tunnel furnaces, if the process is performed in a tunnel furnace, the mixture is loaded on mobile reaction trucks, ignited and conveyed through the tunnel furnace under a nitrogen atmosphere. Individual trucks carrying only calicum carbide may be sent through the tunnel furnace between the trucks charged with the reaction mixture.
- suitable reaction vessels such as for example cementation furnaces and tunnel furnaces
- igniting points were prepared from the top, evenly distributed over the cross section, for the reception of an igniting mixture consisting of a commercial calcium carbide and calcium nitrate in a 1:1 proportion by weight, and introduced in quantities of 2 to 3 kg. per igniting point. After ignition the truck was continuously passed through a tunnel furnace in which a nitrogen pressure of 200 mm. water column, was maintained.
- a method of producing a sinter product having a high nitrogen content together with one or more steel refining agents the steps of forming a homogeneous reaction mixture of finely powdered calcium carbide, and one or more crushed steel refining agents, then heating the said mixture to reaction temperature by local heating at a plurality of spaced points in the interior of the mixture while the mixture is under a nitrogen atmosphere, whereby a sinter product is obtained.
- reaction mixture is raised to reaction temperature at from 3 to 5 localized heating points per square metre of cross section.
- reaction temperature is attained by ignition with the aid of electrical resistance heating at the said localized heating points.
- the said homogeneous reaction mixture is a reaction mixture of a calcium carbide and one or more steel refining agents.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEG0047344 | 1966-07-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3472655A true US3472655A (en) | 1969-10-14 |
Family
ID=7128329
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US650175A Expired - Lifetime US3472655A (en) | 1966-07-02 | 1967-06-30 | Sinter products for nitrating steel |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3472655A (cs) |
| CS (1) | CS167868B2 (cs) |
| DE (1) | DE1533257B1 (cs) |
| NO (1) | NO118277B (cs) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USB59512I5 (cs) * | 1970-07-30 | 1976-03-16 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3149962A (en) * | 1961-01-07 | 1964-09-22 | Hoesch Ag | Method of producing ferromanganese |
| US3182102A (en) * | 1963-02-13 | 1965-05-04 | Massoud T Simnad | Method and apparatus for making dense bodies of refractory materials |
| US3337336A (en) * | 1967-03-17 | 1967-08-22 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Addition agents for sintering purposes |
| US3340052A (en) * | 1961-12-26 | 1967-09-05 | Inoue Kiyoshi | Method of electrically sintering discrete bodies |
| US3350242A (en) * | 1964-08-20 | 1967-10-31 | Elektrometallurgie Gmbh | Method of producing a suitable product for nitriding and alloying steel |
| US3389990A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1968-06-25 | Pickands Mather & Co | Manganese nitride |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE227854C (cs) * | 1907-01-10 | |||
| DE1132168B (de) * | 1960-07-18 | 1962-06-28 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von stickstoff-haltigen un- oder niedriglegierten Staehlen |
| DE1225678C2 (de) * | 1964-11-23 | 1967-04-20 | Elektrometallurgie M B H Ges | Verfahren zur Herstellung stickstoffhaltiger Stahlveredler |
-
1966
- 1966-07-02 DE DE19661533257 patent/DE1533257B1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1967
- 1967-06-30 CS CS4833A patent/CS167868B2/cs unknown
- 1967-06-30 NO NO168871A patent/NO118277B/no unknown
- 1967-06-30 US US650175A patent/US3472655A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3149962A (en) * | 1961-01-07 | 1964-09-22 | Hoesch Ag | Method of producing ferromanganese |
| US3340052A (en) * | 1961-12-26 | 1967-09-05 | Inoue Kiyoshi | Method of electrically sintering discrete bodies |
| US3182102A (en) * | 1963-02-13 | 1965-05-04 | Massoud T Simnad | Method and apparatus for making dense bodies of refractory materials |
| US3350242A (en) * | 1964-08-20 | 1967-10-31 | Elektrometallurgie Gmbh | Method of producing a suitable product for nitriding and alloying steel |
| US3389990A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1968-06-25 | Pickands Mather & Co | Manganese nitride |
| US3337336A (en) * | 1967-03-17 | 1967-08-22 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Addition agents for sintering purposes |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USB59512I5 (cs) * | 1970-07-30 | 1976-03-16 | ||
| US3999216A (en) * | 1970-07-30 | 1976-12-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Material for magnetic transducer heads |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CS167868B2 (cs) | 1976-05-28 |
| NO118277B (cs) | 1969-12-08 |
| DE1533257B1 (de) | 1971-11-25 |
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